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1. Mutations in the B30.2 and the central helical scaffold domains of pyrin differentially affect inflammasome activation

Author

Daria Chirita, Pauline Bronnec, Flora Magnotti, Sarah Dalmon, Amandine Martin, Michel Popoff, Mathieu Gerfaud-Valentin, Pascal Sève, Alexandre Belot, Anne Contis, Agnes Duquesne, Gaetane Nocturne, Irene Lemelle, Sophie Georgin-Lavialle, Guilaine Boursier, Isabelle Touitou, Yvan Jamilloux, and Thomas Henry

Subjects
Cytology, QH573-671
Abstract

Abstract Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is the most common monogenic autoinflammatory disorder. FMF is caused by mutations in the MEFV gene, encoding pyrin, an inflammasome sensor. The best characterized pathogenic mutations associated with FMF cluster in exon 10. Yet, mutations have been described along the whole MEFV coding sequence. Exon 10 encodes the B30.2 domain of the pyrin protein, but the function of this human-specific domain remains unclear. Pyrin is an inflammasome sensor detecting RhoA GTPase inhibition following exposure to bacterial toxins such as TcdA. Here, we demonstrate that the B30.2 domain is dispensable for pyrin inflammasome activation in response to this toxin. Deletion of the B30.2 domain mimics the most typical FMF-associated mutation and confers spontaneous inflammasome activation in response to pyrin dephosphorylation. Our results indicate that the B30.2 domain is a negative regulator of the pyrin inflammasome that acts independently from and downstream of pyrin dephosphorylation. In addition, we identify the central helical scaffold (CHS) domain of pyrin, which lies immediately upstream of the B30.2 domain as a second regulatory domain. Mutations affecting the CHS domain mimic pathogenic mutations in the B30.2 domain and render the pyrin inflammasome activation under the sole control of the dephosphorylation. In addition, specific mutations in the CHS domain strongly increase the cell susceptibility to steroid catabolites, recently described to activate pyrin, in both a cell line model and in monocytes from genotype-selected FMF patients. Taken together, our work reveals the existence of two distinct regulatory regions at the C-terminus of the pyrin protein, that act in a distinct manner to regulate positively or negatively inflammasome activation. Furthermore, our results indicate that different mutations in pyrin regulatory domains have different functional impacts on the pyrin inflammasome which could contribute to the diversity of pyrin-associated autoinflammatory diseases.

Published
2023
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2. Case Report: Comorbid Hyper-IgD Syndrome and Hidradenitis Suppurativa – A New Syndromic Form of HS? A Report of Two Cases

Author

Philippe Guillem, Dillon Mintoff, Mariam Kabbani, Elie Cogan, Virginie Vlaeminck-Guillem, Agnes Duquesne, and Farida Benhadou

Subjects
hidradenitis suppurativa, mevalonate kinase deficiency, hyper-IgD syndrome, autoinflammatory keratinization disease, autoinflammation, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) is a chronic suppurative disease of the pilosebaceous unit. The current model of HS pathophysiology describes the condition as the product of hyperkeratinisation and inflammation at the hair follicular unit. Environmental factors (such as smoking and obesity), gender, genetic predisposition, and skin dysbiosis are considered the main pathogenic drivers of the disease. Autoinflammatory syndromes associated with HS are rare but may help to highlight the potential roles of autoinflammation and dysregulated innate immune system in HS. Therefore, it is of major relevance to increase the awareness about these diseases in order to improve the understanding of the disease and to optimize the management of the patients. Herein, we report for the first time, to our knowledge, two clinical cases of Hyper-IgD syndrome-associated HS. Hyper-IgD is an autoinflammatory syndrome caused by a mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD), a key kinase in the sterol and isoprenoid production pathway. We describe the potentially shared pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning comorbid MKD-HS and propose therapeutic options for the management of these patients.

Published
2022
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3. Mutations in the B30.2 and the Central Helical scaffold domains of pyrin differentially affect inflammasome activation

Author

Daria Chirita, Pauline Bronnec, Flora Magnotti, Sarah Dalmon, Amandine Martin, Michel Popoff, Mathieu Gerfaud-Valentin, Pascal Sève, Alexandre Belot, Anne Contis, Agnes Duquesne, Gaetane Nocturne, Irene Lemelle, Sophie Georgin-Lavialle, Guilaine Boursier, Isabelle Touitou, Yvan Jamilloux, and Thomas Henry

Subjects
Cancer Research, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Immunology, Cell Biology
Abstract

Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is the most common monogenic autoinflammatory disorder. FMF is caused by mutations in the MEFV gene, encoding pyrin, an inflammasome sensor. The best characterized pathogenic mutations associated with FMF cluster in exon 10. Yet, mutations have been described along the whole MEFV coding sequence. Exon 10 encodes the B30.2 domain of the pyrin protein, but the function of this human-specific domain remains unclear. Pyrin is an inflammasome sensor detecting RhoA GTPase inhibition following exposure to bacterial toxins such as TcdA. Here, we demonstrate that the B30.2 domain is dispensable for pyrin inflammasome activation in response to this toxin. Deletion of the B30.2 domain mimics the most typical FMF-associated mutation and confers spontaneous inflammasome activation in response to pyrin dephosphorylation. Our results indicate that the B30.2 domain is a negative regulator of the pyrin inflammasome that acts independently from and downstream of pyrin dephosphorylation. Additionally, we identify the central helical scaffold (CHS) domain of pyrin, which lies immediately upstream of the B30.2 domain as a second regulatory domain. Mutations affecting the CHS domain mimic pathogenic mutations in the B30.2 domain and render the pyrin inflammasome activation under the sole control of the dephosphorylation. In addition, specific mutations in the CHS domain strongly increase the cell susceptibility to steroid catabolites, recently described to activate pyrin, in both a cell line model and in monocytes from genotype-selected FMF patients. Taken together, our work reveals the existence of two distinct regulatory regions at the C-terminus of the pyrin protein, that act in a distinct manner to regulate positively or negatively inflammasome activation. Furthermore, our results indicate that different mutations in pyrin regulatory domains have different functional impacts on the pyrin inflammasome which could contribute to the diversity of pyrin-associated autoinflammatory diseases.

Published
2022
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4. Clinical Characteristics of Acne Fulminans Associated With Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis in Pediatric Patients

Author

Groupe de Recherche de la Société Française de Dermatologie Pédiatrique, Emmanuelle Bourrat, Brigitte Bader-Meunier, Albert Faye, Isabelle Melki, Agnes Duquesne, Ulrich Meinzer, Hélène See, and Caroline Juillard

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Immunology, Arthritis, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Rheumatology, Acne Vulgaris, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Isotretinoin, Acne, Retrospective Studies, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, Acne fulminans, business.industry, Osteomyelitis, Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Dermatology, Radiography, Chronic Disease, Female, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

ObjectiveAcne fulminans (AF) is a rare, explosive systemic form of acne. Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) or chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a primarily pediatric autoinflammatory disorder characterized by sterile osteolytic bone lesions. Concomitant occurrence of CNO/CRMO and AF is very rare, and little is known about the epidemiological and clinical particularities of this association. The aim of this retrospective observational study was to describe the characteristics of pediatric patients with CNO/CRMO associated to AF.MethodsElectronic mailing lists of French medical societies were used to call for patients with CNO/CRMO and AF. A search for published patients with CNO/CRMO and AF was performed by screening PubMed.ResultsWe identified 5 original patients and 10 patients from the literature. All patients were adolescent boys. Mean age at disease onset was 14.8 years. Nine of 15 patients had received isotretinoin before the sudden onset of AF. Osteoarticular symptoms appeared within < 1–3 months after the onset of AF. The mean numbers of clinical and radiological bone lesions were 3.6 and 5.6, respectively. The percentages of patients with involvement of vertebrae, pelvis, chest, and cranial were 40%, 40%, 33.3%, and 6.6%, respectively. Arthritis was observed in 69.2% of patients and sacroiliac arthritis in 46.2%.ConclusionCNO/CRMO associated to AF occurs predominantly in male adolescents and is characterized by frequent involvement of the axial skeleton and arthritis. Epidemiological and clinical features of these patients differ from general CNO/CRMO cohorts. Clinical management requires careful handling of isotretinoin doses.

Published
2020
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5. Tapering Canakinumab Monotherapy in Patients with Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in Clinical Remission: Results from an Open‐label, Randomized Phase IIIb/IV Study

Author

Pierre, Quartier, Ekaterina, Alexeeva, Constantin, Tamàs, Vyacheslav, Chasnyk, Nico, Wulffraat, Karin, Palmblad, Carine, Wouters, Hermine, Brunner, Katherine, Marzan, Rayfel, Schneider, Gerd, Horneff, Martini, Alberto, Jordi, Anton, Xiaoling, Wei, Alan, Slade, Ruperto, Nicolino, Ken, Abrams, Wolfgang, Emminger, Andrea, Ulbrich, Sugarka, Fodor, Lien, Desomer, Bernard, Lauwerys, Bénédicte, Brichard, Cécile, Boulanger, Gabriel, Levy, Laurence, Goffin, Phu Quoc Le, Marcia, Bandeira, Christina Feitosa Pelajo, Sheila Knupp Feitosa, Christianne, Costa, Marta Cristine Felix Rodrigues, Clovis Artur Almeida da Silva, Lucia Maria Mattei de, Katia, Kozu, Ronald, Laxer, Kristin, Houghton, Lori, Tucker, Kimberly, Morishita, Agnes, Mogenet, Richard, Mouy, Brigitte Bader Meunier, Candice, Meyzer, Michaela, Semeraro, Ouafa, Ben‐brahim, Isabelle, Kone‐paut, Caroline, Galeotti, Linda, Rossi, Perrine, Dusser, Bilade, Cherquaoui, Alexandre, Belot, Agnes, Duquesne, Freychet, Caroline, Laurent, Audrey, Marine, Desjonqueres, Ivan, Foeldvari, Antonia, Kienast, Barbara, Willig, Deborah, Barthel, Joachim, Peitz, Stefanie, Wintrich, Tilman Felix Geikowski, Anna Carina Schulz, Markus, Hufnagel, Marc, Hirdes, Rouven, Kubicki, Janbernd, Kirschner, Ales, Janda, Andre, Jacob, Cornelia, Emerich, Anna, Raab, Gonza, Ngoumou, Kirsten, Minden, Mareike, Lieber, Sae‐Lim von Stuckrad, Jasmin Kuemmerle Deschner, Sandra, Hansmann, Tom, Schleich, Ines Maria Magunia, Joachim, Riethmuller, Nicole, Anders, Hartwig, Lehmann, Jan de Laffolie, Thomas, Lutz, Juergen, Grulich‐henn, Johannes, Pfeil, Astrid, Helling‐bakki, Ralf, Trauzeddel, Daniel, Haselbusch, Henryk, Kolbeck, Elisabeth, Weissbarth‐riedel, Anja, Froehlich, Andrea, Ponyi, Diana, Garan, Ilonka, Orban, Krisztina, Sevcic, Yonatan, Butbul, Riva, Brik, Philip, Hashkes, Ori, Toker, Ruby, Haviv, Yosef, Uziel, Rubi, Haviv, Veronica, Moshe, Michal, Rothschild, Liora, Harel, Gil, Amarilyo, Rotem, Tal, Mohamad Hamad Said, Irit, Tirosh, Shiri, Spielman, Maya, Gerstein, Ravelli, Angelo, Schiappapietra, Benedetta, Varnier, GIULIA CAMILLA, Finetti, Martina, Marasini, Maurizio, Caorsi, Roberta, Rosina, Silvia, Federici, Silvia, Irene, Pontikaki, Pier Luigi Meroni, Valeri, Gerloni, Nicola, Ughi, Tania, Ubiali, Maria, Alessio, Roberto Della Casa, Sebastiaan Jozef Vastert, Joost Frans Swart, van Royen‐Kerhof, A., Ellen, Schatorje, Van Iperen‐Schutte, G., Lidia, Rutkowska‐sak, Izabela, Szczygielska, Malgorzata, Kwiatkowska, Maria, Marusak‐banacka, Piotr, Gietka, Kseniya, Isaeva, Rina, Denisova, Ludmila, Snegireva, Margarita, Dubko, Mikhail, Kostik, Natalia, Buchinskaia, Olga, Kalashnikova, Sergey, Avrusin, Vera, Masalova, Esmeralda Nunez Cuadros, Gisela, Diez, Rocio Galindo Zavala, Rosa Bou Torrent, Estibaliz, Iglesias, Joan, Calzada, Violeta, Bittermann, Alina Lucica Boteanu, Maria Luz Gamir, Inmaculada, Calvo, Berta, Lopez, Isabel, Gonzalez, Laura, Fernandez, Daniel Clemente Garulo, Juan Carlos Lopez Robledillo, Rosa, Merino, Rosa, Alcobendas, Agustin, Remesal, Sara, Murias, Magnusson, Bo, Ozgur, Kasapcopur, Kenan, Barut, Amra, Adrovic, Sezgin, Sahin, Muferet, Erguven, Refia Gozdenur Savci, Seza, Ozen, Selcan, Demir, Yelda, Bilginer, Zehra Serap Avci, Ezgi Deriz Batu, Andreas, Reiff, Anusha, Ramanatham, Diana, Brown, Bracha, Shaham, Shirley, Parks, Michal, Cidon, Gloria, Higgins, Charles, Spencer, Jenny, Rossette, Karla, Jones, Sharon Bout Tabaku, Shelli, Farley, Shoghik, Akoghlanian, Quartier, Pierre, Alexeeva, Ekaterina, Tamàs, Constantin, Chasnyk, Vyacheslav, Wulffraat, Nico, Palmblad, Karin, Wouters, Carine, Brunner, Hermine, Marzan, Katherine, Schneider, Rayfel, Horneff, Gerd, Martini, Alberto, Anton, Jordi, Wei, Xiaoling, Slade, Alan, Ruperto, Nicolino, Abrams, Ken, Emminger, Wolfgang, Ulbrich, Andrea, Fodor, Sugarka, Desomer, Lien, Lauwerys, Bernard, Brichard, Bénédicte, Boulanger, Cécile, Levy, Gabriel, Goffin, Laurence, Quoc Le, Phu, Bandeira, Marcia, Feitosa Pelajo, Christina, Knupp Feitosa, Sheila, Costa, Christianne, Cristine Felix Rodrigues, Marta, Artur Almeida da Silva, Clovi, Maria Mattei de, Lucia, Kozu, Katia, Laxer, Ronald, Houghton, Kristin, Tucker, Lori, Morishita, Kimberly, Mogenet, Agne, Mouy, Richard, Bader Meunier, Brigitte, Meyzer, Candice, Semeraro, Michaela, Ben‐brahim, Ouafa, Kone‐paut, Isabelle, Galeotti, Caroline, Rossi, Linda, Dusser, Perrine, Cherquaoui, Bilade, Belot, Alexandre, Duquesne, Agne, Caroline, Freychet, Audrey, Laurent, Desjonqueres, Marine, Foeldvari, Ivan, Kienast, Antonia, Willig, Barbara, Barthel, Deborah, Peitz, Joachim, Wintrich, Stefanie, Felix Geikowski, Tilman, Carina Schulz, Anna, Hufnagel, Marku, Hirdes, Marc, Kubicki, Rouven, Kirschner, Janbernd, Janda, Ale, Jacob, Andre, Emerich, Cornelia, Raab, Anna, Ngoumou, Gonza, Minden, Kirsten, Lieber, Mareike, von Stuckrad, Sae‐lim, Kuemmerle Deschner, Jasmin, Hansmann, Sandra, Schleich, Tom, Maria Magunia, Ine, Riethmuller, Joachim, Anders, Nicole, Lehmann, Hartwig, de Laffolie, Jan, Lutz, Thoma, Grulich‐henn, Juergen, Pfeil, Johanne, Helling‐bakki, Astrid, Trauzeddel, Ralf, Haselbusch, Daniel, Kolbeck, Henryk, Weissbarth‐riedel, Elisabeth, Froehlich, Anja, Ponyi, Andrea, Garan, Diana, Orban, Ilonka, Sevcic, Krisztina, Butbul, Yonatan, Brik, Riva, Hashkes, Philip, Toker, Ori, Haviv, Ruby, Uziel, Yosef, Haviv, Rubi, Moshe, Veronica, Rothschild, Michal, Harel, Liora, Amarilyo, Gil, Tal, Rotem, Hamad Said, Mohamad, Tirosh, Irit, Spielman, Shiri, Gerstein, Maya, Ravelli, Angelo, Schiappapietra, Benedetta, Camilla Varnier, Giulia, Finetti, Martina, Marasini, Maurizio, Caorsi, Roberta, Rosina, Silvia, Federici, Silvia, Pontikaki, Irene, Luigi Meroni, Pier, Gerloni, Valeri, Ughi, Nicola, Ubiali, Tania, Alessio, Maria, DELLA CASA, Roberto, Jozef Vastert, Sebastiaan, Frans Swart, Joost, van Royen‐Kerhof, A., Schatorje, Ellen, Van Iperen‐Schutte, G., Rutkowska‐sak, Lidia, Szczygielska, Izabela, Kwiatkowska, Malgorzata, Marusak‐banacka, Maria, Gietka, Piotr, Isaeva, Kseniya, Denisova, Rina, Snegireva, Ludmila, Dubko, Margarita, Kostik, Mikhail, Buchinskaia, Natalia, Kalashnikova, Olga, Avrusin, Sergey, Masalova, Vera, Nunez Cuadros, Esmeralda, Diez, Gisela, Galindo Zavala, Rocio, Bou Torrent, Rosa, Iglesias, Estibaliz, Calzada, Joan, Bittermann, Violeta, Lucica Boteanu, Alina, Luz Gamir, Maria, Calvo, Inmaculada, Lopez, Berta, Gonzalez, Isabel, Fernandez, Laura, Clemente Garulo, Daniel, Carlos Lopez Robledillo, Juan, Merino, Rosa, Alcobendas, Rosa, Remesal, Agustin, Murias, Sara, Magnusson, Bo, Kasapcopur, Ozgur, Barut, Kenan, Adrovic, Amra, Sahin, Sezgin, Erguven, Muferet, Gozdenur Savci, Refia, Ozen, Seza, Demir, Selcan, Bilginer, Yelda, Serap Avci, Zehra, Deriz Batu, Ezgi, Reiff, Andrea, Ramanatham, Anusha, Brown, Diana, Shaham, Bracha, Parks, Shirley, Cidon, Michal, Higgins, Gloria, Spencer, Charle, Rossette, Jenny, Jones, Karla, Bout Tabaku, Sharon, Farley, Shelli, and Akoghlanian, Shoghik

Published
2021

7. Pyrin dephosphorylation is sufficient to trigger inflammasome activation in familial Mediterranean fever patients

Author

Flora Magnotti, Lucie Lefeuvre, Sarah Benezech, Tiphaine Malsot, Louis Waeckel, Amandine Martin, Sébastien Kerever, Daria Chirita, Marine Desjonqueres, Agnès Duquesne, Mathieu Gerfaud‐Valentin, Audrey Laurent, Pascal Sève, Michel‐Robert Popoff, Thierry Walzer, Alexandre Belot, Yvan Jamilloux, and Thomas Henry

Subjects
autoinflammation, caspase‐1, colchicine, diagnosis, pyroptosis, Medicine (General), R5-920, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is the most frequent hereditary systemic autoinflammatory syndrome. FMF is usually caused by biallelic mutations in the MEFV gene, encoding Pyrin. Conclusive genetic evidence lacks for about 30% of patients diagnosed with clinical FMF. Pyrin is an inflammasome sensor maintained inactive by two kinases (PKN1/2). The consequences of MEFV mutations on inflammasome activation are still poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that PKC superfamily inhibitors trigger inflammasome activation in monocytes from FMF patients while they trigger a delayed apoptosis in monocytes from healthy donors. The expression of the pathogenic p.M694V MEFV allele is necessary and sufficient for PKC inhibitors (or mutations precluding Pyrin phosphorylation) to trigger caspase‐1‐ and gasdermin D‐mediated pyroptosis. In line with colchicine efficacy in patients, colchicine fully blocks this response in FMF patients’ monocytes. These results indicate that Pyrin inflammasome activation is solely controlled by Pyrin (de)phosphorylation in FMF patients while a second control mechanism restricts its activation in healthy donors/non‐FMF patients. This study paves the way toward a functional characterization of MEFV variants and a functional test to diagnose FMF.

Published
2019
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