Search

Psiholoģija Psiholoģija Psychology Psychology Pētījuma mērķis bija izpētīt saistības starp sociālā atbalsta, depresijas un atmiņas rādītājiem gados vecāku cilvēku izlasē Latvijas populācijā. Šī darba pētnieciskie jautājumi: 1) Vai pastāv un kādas ir saistības starp sociālā atbalsta, depresijas un atmiņas rādītājiem gados vecākiem cilvēkiem? 2) Vai pastāv un kādas ir atšķirības sociālā atbalsta, depresijas un atmiņas rādītājos dalībnieku grupās ar un bez sāpēm? 3) Kādi ir aptaujas EURO-D psihometriskie rādītāji? Pētījumā piedalījās 638 respondenti (64% sieviešu, 36% vīriešu) – latviski runājoši Latvijas iedzīvotāji vecumā no 50 līdz 100 gadiem. Pētījumā tika izmantoti sekundārie dati no SHARE projekta 8.kārtas (8th wave) (Börsch-Supan, 2022). Sociālais atbalsts tika mērīts ar diviem jautājumiem par saņemto un sniegto sociālo atbalstu. Atmiņa tika mērīta ar Aizkavētu 10 vārdu atsaukšanas atmiņā (Delayed 10-word recall) testu (Harris & Dowson, 1982). Depresija tika mērīta ar EURO-D skalu (Prince et al., 1999). Galvenie rezultāti. Augstāki saņemtā sociālā atbalsta rādītāji varētu būt saistīti ar zemākiem īstermiņa un ilgtermiņa rādītājiem, turpretī augstākiem depresijas rādītājiem; zemāki depresijas rādītāji varētu būt saistīti arī ar augstākiem īstermiņa un ilgtermiņa atmiņas rādītājiem. Pastāv mainīgo atšķirības starp dalībnieku grupām – dalībniekiem “ar sāpēm” uzrādīti zemāki īstermiņa un ilgtermiņa atmiņas un augstāki saņemtā sociālā atbalsta un depresijas rādītāji. EURO-D anketas ietvaros panti daļēji atbilst labu aptaujas pantu psihometriskajiem kritērijiem, taču anketa ir iekšēji saskaņota un kopumā sniedz stabilu pazīmes mērījumu. The aim of the study was the relationship between depression, memory and social support in a sample of older adults in the Latvian population. Research main questions: 1) Are there any relationships and what kind between social support, depression and memory in older adults? 2) Are there and what are the differences in social support, depression and memory score in the groups of participants with and without pain? 3) What are the psychometric indicators of the EURO-D scale? In the study, 638 respondents (64% women, 36% men) were Latvian-speaking Latvian residents aged 50 to 100. The study used secondary data from the 8th wave of the SHARE project (Börsch-Supan, 2022). Social support was measured with two questions about received and provided social support. Memory was measured by the Delayed 10-word recall test (Harris & Dowson, 1982). Depression was measured by the EURO-D scale (Prince et al., 1999). Main results. Higher scores of received social support could be associated with lower short-term and long-term memory scores, whereas higher scores of depression; lower depression scores could also be associated with higher short-term and long-term memory scores. There are differences in variables between participant groups - participants "with pain" showed lower short-term and long-term memory and higher received social support and depression scores. Within the EURO-D scale, the items partially meet the psychometric criteria of good survey items, but the scale is internally consistent and generally provides a stable measurement of the trait.

Fireworks pollute the local atmosphere with various air pollutants, which can pose a health hazard for the local population. Mass and number concentrations of aerosols were measured before, during, and after the 2016/2017 New Year event in Ljubljana, Slovenia. Our findings highlight the negative impact of fireworks on the environment. First, both the mass concentration of black carbon and the number of concentrations of nanoparticles between 80 and 150 nm increased shortly after midnight. Second, on Jan 1, 2017, there was an increase in the average daily mass concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5. Third, on this day, our devices also detected increased air pollution by Al, Ba, Sr, and Cu, that is, heavy metals usually associated with fireworks. Their Jan 1 mass concentrations were more than 10 times (and Sr more than 140 times) higher than their average daily mass concentrations from Jan 3 (when their mass concentrations returned to more normal levels) to Jan 31. We also found that pairwise correlations between nanoparticles, PM10, and black carbon are positive, strong, and statistically significant. Besides carbon, the chemical analysis of the collected particles revealed the presence of typical elements used in pyrotechnic devices and their significant positive correlation.

E-mail addresses: kvo@envs.au.dk (K. Vorkamp), Castano@isciii.es (A. Castaño), Jean-Philippe.Antignac@oniris-nantes.fr (J.-P. Antignac), Luis.Boada@ulpgc.es (L.D. Boada), ECequier@quimica.udl.cat (E. Cequier), Adrian.Covaci@uantwerpen.be (A. Covaci), M.Esteban@isciii.es (M. Esteban López), LineSmastuen.Haug@fhi.no (L.S. Haug), Kasper@ipa-dguv.de (M. Kasper-Sonnenberg), Koch@ipa-dguv.de (H.M. Koch), Octavio.Perez@ulpgc.es (O. Pérez Luzardo), Agnese.Osite@lu.lv (A. Osīte), Loic.Rambaud@santepubliquefrance.fr (L. Rambaud), mtpin@ticino.com (M.-T. Pinorini), Gabriele.Sabbioni@bluewin.ch (G. Sabbioni), Cathrine.Thomsen@fhi.no (C. Thomsen).; International audience; The major purpose of human biomonitoring is the mapping and assessment of human exposure to chemicals. The European initiative HBM4EU has prioritized seven substance groups and two metals relevant for human exposure: Phthalates and substitutes (1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester, DINCH), bisphenols, perand polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), halogenated and organophosphorous flame retardants (HFRs and OPFRs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), arylamines, cadmium and chromium. As a first step towards comparable European-wide data, the most suitable biomarkers, human matrices and analytical methods for each substance group or metal were selected from the scientific literature, based on a set of selection criteria. The biomarkers included parent compounds of PFASs and HFRs in serum, of bisphenols and arylamines in urine, metabolites of phthalates, DINCH, OPFRs and PAHs in urine as well as metals in blood and urine, with a preference to measure Cr in erythrocytes representing Cr (VI) exposure. High performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was the method of choice for bisphenols, PFASs, the HFR hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD), phenolic HFRs as well as the metabolites of phthalates, DINCH, OPFRs and PAHs in urine. Gas chromatographic (GC) methods were selected for the remaining compounds, e.g. GC-low resolution MS with electron capture negative ionization (ECNI) for HFRs. Both GC-MS and LC-MS/MS were suitable for arylamines. New developments towards increased applications of GC-MS/MS may offer alternatives to GC-MS or LC-MS/MS approaches, e.g. for bisphenols. The metals were best determined by inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-MS, with the particular challenge of avoiding interferences in the Cd determination in urine. The evaluation process revealed research needs towards higher sensitivity and non-invasive sampling as well as a need for more stringent quality assurance/quality control applications and assessments.

Synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) has weak antibacterial and mechanical properties. The antibacterial activity of HAp can be enhanced by strontium cation substitution and incorporation of peroxide ion via hydrothermal processing at 100 °C and 150 °C temperature using 50% H2O2 solution. The starting reagents and products of HAp processing were analyzed by thermal conversion elemental analyser – isotopic ratio mass spectrometer in order to determine the δ18O values. Using different host materials it could be possible to determine differences of δ18O values between untreated and hydrothermally treated HAp samples. The enhanced antibacterial properties of processed HAp samples were investigated using Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Hydrothermal processing by H2O2 solutions provides additional antibacterial activity and peroxide content of hydrothermally treated samples affect δ18O values.