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2,127 results on '"AgroBioTech"'

1. Parasitoids (Hymenoptera) of Mealybug Pests (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) from Southern Brazil: Molecular and Morphological Characterization

Author: Daniel Alejandro Aquino, Thibaut Malausa, Didier Crochard, Vitor Cezar Pacheco da Silva, Ferran Palero, Marcos Botton, VITOR CEZAR PACHECO DA SILVA, Unidad de Entomología, Facultad de Agronomía, Univ de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay, FERRAN PALERO, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Univ of Valencia, Paterna, Spain., DANIEL ALEJANDRO AQUINO, Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CONICET – UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina, DIDIER CROCHARD, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech INRA, Sophia Antipolis, PACA, France, THIBAUT MALAUSA, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech INRA, Sophia Antipolis, PACA, France, MARCOS BOTTON, CNPUV, Universidad de la República [Montevideo] (UDELAR), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata [Mar del Plata] (UNMdP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Universitat de València (UV), London Nat. Hist. Museum, Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ)BPI from Institut Sophia Agrobiotech - INRA, and European Project: 324475,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IAPP,COLBICS(2013)
Subjects: Pseudococcidae, biology, Biología, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, biology.organism_classification, Hymenoptera, Pseudococcus viburni, Biological control agents, Parasitoid, Hemiptera, Signiphoridae, Pseudococcus, Anagyrus, Encyrtidae, Fruit, Insect Science, Platygastridae, Botany, Animals, Integrative taxonomy, DNA barcoding, Mealybug, Brazil
Abstract: Parasitoids of three mealybug pests (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), Planococcus ficus (Signoret), Pseudococcus sociabilis Hambleton, and Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret) have been identified for the first time in Brazil. Mealybugs were collected in fruit-growing areas along southern Brazil during 2013-2016. An integrative approach, combining morphological and molecular methods, was used to identify the Brazilian parasitoids to the species level. Fifteen species were recorded, including 14 primary parasitoids belonging to Encyrtidae and Platygastridae and a single secondary parasitoid species belonging to Signiphoridae. The encyrtid parasitoids Acerophagus flavidulus (Brethes), Anagyrus calyxtoi Noyes and Zaplatycerus sp., and the signiphorid secondary parasitoid Chartocerus axillaris De Santis are reported for the first time in Brazil., Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Vegetal
Published: 2021
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2. Signatures of the Evolution of Parthenogenesis and Cryptobiosis in the Genomes of Panagrolaimid Nematodes

Author: Philipp H. Schiffer, Michael A. S. Thorne, Michael Kroiher, Georgina O’Mahony, Simon Wong, Aleksandra Marconi, Ann M. Burnell, Elizabeth A. Martínez-Salazar, Mark Blaxter, Ilona Dix, Urmi Trivedi, Etienne Danchin, Bridget A. Culleton, Thomas Wiehe, Christopher J. Creevey, Gary Stier, Einhard Schierenberg, Corinne Rancurel, CLOE, Department for Biosciences, Royal Veterinary College - University of London, Zoologisches Institut, Universität Karlsruche, Institut für Genetik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg (MLU), Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Maynooth University Department of Biology Maynooth, National University of Ireland Maynooth (Maynooth University), School of Biological Sciences [Wellington, New Zealand], Victoria University of Wellington, Irish Centre for High-End Computing (ICHEC) (ICHE), Megazyme International, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unidad Académica de Ciencias Biologicas, Laboratorio de Colecciones Biologicas y Sistematica Molecular, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas [Autonomous University of Zacatecas] (UAZ), Institute of Evolutionary Biology, CSIC-UPF, Edinburgh Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Institut fur Genetik, Volkswagen, German Research Foundation (DFG) SPP1819, European Research Council (ERC) ERC-2012-AdG 322790, Science Foundation Ireland RFP/EOB2506, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT), Science Foundation Ireland 07/SK/B1236A, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) BB/E/W/10964A01, NERC Natural Environment Research Council UKSBS PR18037, UAZ-2016-37096, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), National University of Ireland Maynooth (NUIM), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, and Schiffer, Philipp H.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Outcrossing, 02 engineering and technology, Biology, Genome, Article, transcriptomics, 03 medical and health sciences, Phylogenetics, Gene family, General, lcsh:Science, Transcriptomics, Cryptobiosis, Evolutionary Biology, Multidisciplinary, evolutionary biology, fungi, Parthenogenesis, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, phylogenetics, 030104 developmental biology, Evolutionary biology, Horizontal gene transfer, lcsh:Q, Adaptation, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Summary Most animal species reproduce sexually and fully parthenogenetic lineages are usually short lived in evolution. Still, parthenogenesis may be advantageous as it avoids the cost of sex and permits colonization by single individuals. Panagrolaimid nematodes have colonized environments ranging from arid deserts to Arctic and Antarctic biomes. Many are obligatory meiotic parthenogens, and most have cryptobiotic abilities, being able to survive repeated cycles of complete desiccation and freezing. To identify systems that may contribute to these striking abilities, we sequenced and compared the genomes and transcriptomes of parthenogenetic and outcrossing panagrolaimid species, including cryptobionts and non-cryptobionts. The parthenogens are triploids, most likely originating through hybridization. Adaptation to cryptobiosis shaped the genomes of panagrolaimid nematodes and is associated with the expansion of gene families and signatures of selection on genes involved in cryptobiosis. All panagrolaimids have acquired genes through horizontal gene transfer, some of which are likely to contribute to cryptobiosis., Highlights • Parthenogenesis in Panagrolaimus nematodes arose once through a hybridization event • Parthenogenetic Panagrolaimus are triploid but retain meiosis after millions of years • Panagrolaimus can be used as a model system to study aspects of animal parthenogenesis • The genomes of Panagrolaimus nematodes are shaped by their adaptation to cryptobiosis, Evolutionary Biology; Phylogenetics; Transcriptomics
Published: 2019
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3. Combining Click Reactions for the One-Pot Synthesis of Modular Biomolecule Mimetics

Author: Annie Lambert, Ola Blixt, Anne Brinkø, Christian Risinger, Cyrille Grandjean, Henrik H. Jensen, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de biologie de Lille - IBL (IBLI), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)-Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, 010405 organic chemistry, business.industry, Biomolecule, Organic Chemistry, One-pot synthesis, food and beverages, Modular design, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Combinatorial chemistry, Cycloaddition, 0104 chemical sciences, Coupling (electronics), chemistry, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Here, we report on the first combined one-pot use of the two so-called "click reactions": the thiol-ene coupling and the copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition. These reactions were employed in an alternating and one-pot fashion to combine appropriately functionalized monomeric carbohydrate building blocks to create mimics of trisaccharides and tetrasaccharides as single anomers, with only minimal purification necessary. The deprotected oligosaccharide mimics were found to bind both plant lectins and human galectin-3.
Published: 2019
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4. Differential side-effects of Bacillus thuringiensis bioinsecticide on non-target Drosophila flies

Author: Aurélie Babin, Armel Gallet, Marie-Paule Nawrot-Esposito, Jean-Luc Gatti, Marylène Poirié, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No. 613678 (DROPSA), INRA Plant Health Department, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Nice Cote d'Azur, ANR-13-CESA-0003,ImBio,Impacts d'une intoxication chronique par des bioinsecticides Bt k sur l'homéostasie intestinale et la réponse immunitaire: des insectes aux mammifères(2013), ANR-11-LABX-0028,SIGNALIFE,Réseau d'Innovation sur les Voies de Signalisation en Sciences de la Vie(2011), European Project: 613678,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2013-7-single-stage,DROPSA(2014), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), French National Agency, ANR-13-CESA-0003-001 ImBio, European Union’s Seventh Framework Program for research, ANR-11- LABX-0028, the INRA Pla, and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, 0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, Veterinary medicine, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, Insect, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Toxicology, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacillus thuringiensis, Melanogaster, Animals, Pest Control, Biological, lcsh:Science, Drosophila, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, 0303 health sciences, Larva, Multidisciplinary, Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins, business.industry, lcsh:R, fungi, Longevity, Pest control, biology.organism_classification, Spore, Pupa, 010602 entomology, Biopesticide, Drosophila melanogaster, 030104 developmental biology, Female, lcsh:Q, business
Abstract: Bioinsecticides based on Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) spores and toxins are increasingly popular alternative solutions to control insect pests, with potential impact of their accumulation in the environment on non-target organisms. Here, we tested the effects of chronic exposure to commercial Bt formulations (Bt var. kurstaki and israelensis) on eight non-target Drosophila species present in Bt-treated areas, including D. melanogaster (four strains). Doses up to those recommended for field application (~ 106 Colony Forming Unit (CFU)/g fly medium) did not impact fly development, while no fly emerged at ≥ 1000-fold this dose. Doses between 10- to 100-fold the recommended one increased developmental time and decreased adult emergence rates in a dose-dependent manner, with species-and strain-specific effect amplitudes. Focusing on D. melanogaster, development alterations were due to instar-dependent larval mortality, and the longevity and offspring number of adult flies exposed to bioinsecticide throughout their development were moderately influenced. Our data also suggest a synergy between the formulation compounds (spores, cleaved toxins, additives) might induce the bioinsecticide effects on larval development. Although recommended doses had no impact on non-target Drosophila species, misuse or local environmental accumulation of Bt bioinsecticides could have side-effects on fly populations with potential implications for their associated communities.
Published: 2020
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5. Transcriptome-wide-scale-predicted dsRNAs potentially involved in RNA homoeostasis are remarkably excluded from genes with no/very low expression in all developmental stages

Author: Alain Robichon, Sandra Agnel, Claude Pasquier, Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Scalable and Pervasive softwARe and Knowledge Systems (Laboratoire I3S - SPARKS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), ANR-11-LABX-0028,SIGNALIFE,Réseau d'Innovation sur les Voies de Signalisation en Sciences de la Vie(2011), ANR-12-BSV6-0006,methylclonome,Analyse de l'héritabilité des traces épigénétiques dans la reproduction clonale(2012), and ANR-11-BSV7-0017,GUSTAILE2011,Rôle des chimiosenseurs de l'aile sur le comportement d'orientation de la mouche(2011)
Subjects: Ribonuclease III, Small interfering RNA, Ago2, Dicer2, Computational biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, RNA interference, microRNA, Exome Sequencing, Animals, Drosophila Proteins, computational dsRNA, RNA, Messenger, Molecular Biology, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, RNA, Double-Stranded, 0303 health sciences, biology, epigenetics, Gene Expression Profiling, Intron, RNA, Computational Biology, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Cell Biology, Exons, Argonaute, mRNA homeostasis, Introns, Drosophila melanogaster, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, endo-siRNAs, Argonaute Proteins, biology.protein, RNA, Long Noncoding, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], RNA Helicases, Dicer, Research Paper
Abstract: International audience; RNA interference (RNAi) refers to a conserved posttranscriptional mechanism for the degradation of RNA by short dsRNAs. A genome-wide analysis of mRNAs that are complementary to RNAs of variable length that are transcribed from the full transcriptome and susceptible to being loaded onto Argonaute type 2 was performed through computational searches in the Drosophila model. We report the segments of RNAs that are complementary to mRNAs originating from introns, the exons of mRNAs and lncRNAs as a potential source of siRNAs. A full catalogue of the mRNAs that fulfill these criteria is presented, along with the quantification of multiple annealing. The catalogue was assessed for biological validation using three published lists: two for Ago2-associated RNAs and one for dsRNAs isolated from a crude extract. A broad spectrum of mRNAs were found to theoretically form intermolecular segmental dsRNAs, which should qualify them as Dicer/Ago2 substrates if they exist in vivo. These results suggest a genome-wide scale of mRNA homoeostasis via RNAi metabolism and could extend the known roles of canonical miRNAs and hairpin RNAs. The distribution of the genes for which transcripts are engaged in inter- molecular segmental pairing is largely lacking in the gene collections defined as showing no expression in each individual developmental stage from early embryos to adulthood. This trend was also observed for the genes showing very low expression from the 8-12-hour embryonic to larval stage 2. This situation was also suggested by the 3 lists generated with minimal 20-, 25- and 30-base pairing lengths.
Published: 2020
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6. A dynamic game approach to uninvadable strategies for biotrophic pathogens

Author: Frédéric Grognard, Pierre Bernhard, Fabien Halkett, Ludovic Mailleret, Ivan Yegorov, North Dakota State University (NDSU), Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes (IAM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ANR-13-BSV7-0011,FunFit,Une approche basée sur les traits d'histoire de vie des champignons phytopathogènes pour faire le lien entre fitness individuelle et stratégies écologiques.(2013), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)
Subjects: Statistics and Probability, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Economics and Econometrics, Mathematical optimization, Sequential game, Computer science, Finite-difference approximation, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Reduction (complexity), 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Method of characteristics, [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, Differential game, Hamilton–Jacobi–Isaacs equation, Resource allocation, Cauchy problem, 021103 operations research, Applied Mathematics, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Finite difference, Optimal control, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Zero-sum differential game, Computer Science Applications, Term (time), Biotrophic pathogens, Computational Mathematics, State-feedback control, Computational Theory and Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Uninvadable strategy
Abstract: International audience; This paper studies a zero-sum state-feedback game for a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations describing one-seasonal dynamics of two biotrophic fungal cohorts within a common host plant. From the perspective of Adaptive Dynamics, the cohorts can be interpreted as resident and mutant populations. The invasion functional takes the form of the difference between the two marginal fitness criteria and represents the cost in the definition of the value of the differential game. The presence of a specific competition term in both equations and marginal fitnesses substantially complicates the reduction of the game to a two-step problem that can be solved by using Optimal Control Theory. Therefore, a general game-theoretic formulation involving uninvadable strategies has to be considered. First, the related Cauchy problem for the Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs equation is investigated analytically by the method of characteristics. A number of important properties are rigorously derived. However, the complete theoretical analysis still remains an open challenging problem due to the high complexity of the differential game. That is why an ad hoc conjecture is additionally proposed. An informal but rather convincing and practical justification for the latter relies on numerical simulation results. We also establish some asymptotic properties and provide biological interpretations.
Published: 2020
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7. Évaluation du risque simplifiée du tomato brown rugose fruit virus pour la France métropolitaine

Author: Eric Verdin, Pascal Gentit, Stéphan Steyer, Thierry Wetzel, Thomas Le Bourgeois, Marie-Helene Balesdent, Françoise Binet, Antonio Biondi, Philippe Castagnone, Péninna Deberdt, Nicolas Desneux, Marie Laure Desprez Loustau, Abraham ESCOBAR GUTIERREZ, Laurent Gentzbittel, Herve Jactel, David Makowski, Arnaud Monty, Maria Navajas, Xavier Nesme, Marie-Hélène Robin, François Verheggen, Christine Tayeh, Unité de Pathologie Végétale (PV), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), Dienstleistungszentren Ländlicher Raum Rheinland-Pfalz, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), BIOlogie et GEstion des Risques en agriculture (BIOGER), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Catane, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Fonctionnement agroécologique et performances des systèmes de cultures horticoles (UPR HORTSYS), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement (CIRED), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Liège, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Unité Entomologie fonctionnelle et évolutive, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail, Contrat : 2019-SA-0080, Commanditaire : Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (France), Type de commande : Commande avec contrat/convention/lettre de saisine, Date de signature : 2019-04-25, Station de Pathologie Végétale (AVI-PATHO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fonctionnement agroécologique et performances des systèmes de cultures horticoles (Cirad-Persyst-UPR 103 HORTSYS), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Biodiversité, Gènes et Communautés, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech, Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)
Subjects: risque phytosanitaire, virus phytopathogène, analyse de risques, description de symptomes, dissémination, tomato brown rugose fruit virus, état de l'art, semences, maladie émergente, culture legumiere, expertise scientifique, évaluation du risque, tobamovirus, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, piment, filière économique, tomate, phytopathogenic virus, outbreaks, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, emerging disease, résistance, pathologie végétale, épidémie
Abstract: Évaluation du risque simplifiée du tomato brown rugose fruit virus pour la France métropolitaine. Avis de l'Anses. Rapport d'expertise collective
Published: 2020

8. Functional characterization and physiological roles of the single Shaker outward K + channel in Medicago truncatula

Author: Hervé Sentenac, Julien Thouin, Isabelle Gaillard, Alice Drain, Nicolas Pauly, Limin Wang, Manuel Nieves-Cordones, Anne-Aliénor Véry, Martin Boeglin, Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ANR-05-PADD-0011,COPT,Conception d'Observatoires de Pratiques Territorialisées(2005)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], guard cells, Plant Science, Root hair, Biology, root architecture, outward Shaker channels, 01 natural sciences, transpiration control, root hairs, 03 medical and health sciences, architecture racinaire, Guard cell, Medicago truncatula, Genetics, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Shaker, signal intracellulaire, poil radiculaire, K+ transport to shoots, fungi, arabidopsis thaliana, food and beverages, Xylem, Depolarization, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, canal shaker, 030104 developmental biology, Membrane repolarization, transpiration des feuilles, Biophysics, Nod factor induced electrical signal, Signal transduction, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: The model legume Medicago truncatula possesses a single outward Shaker K+ channel, whereas Arabidopsis thaliana possesses two channels of this type, named AtSKOR and AtGORK, with AtSKOR having been shown to play a major role in K+ secretion into the xylem sap in the root vasculature and with AtGORK being shown to mediate the efflux of K+ across the guard cell membrane, leading to stomatal closure. Here we show that the expression pattern of the single M. truncatula outward Shaker channel, which has been named MtGORK, includes the root vasculature, guard cells and root hairs. As shown by patch-clamp experiments on root hair protoplasts, besides the Shaker-type slowly activating outwardly rectifying K+ conductance encoded by MtGORK, a second K+ -permeable conductance, displaying fast activation and weak rectification, can be expressed by M. truncatula. A knock-out (KO) mutation resulting in an absence of MtGORK activity is shown to weakly reduce K+ translocation to shoots, and only in plants engaged in rhizobial symbiosis, but to strongly affect the control of stomatal aperture and transpirational water loss. In legumes, the early electrical signaling pathway triggered by Nod-factor perception is known to comprise a short transient depolarization of the root hair plasma membrane. In the absence of the functional expression of MtGORK, the rate of the membrane repolarization is found to be decreased by a factor of approximately two. This defect was without any consequence on infection thread development and nodule production in plants grown in vitro, but a decrease in nodule production was observed in plants grown in soil.
Published: 2020
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9. Legume nodule senescence: a coordinated death mechanism between bacteria and plant cells

Author: Véronique Gruber, Li Yang, Pierre Frendo, Eric Boncompagni, Théophile Kazmierczak, Claude Bruand, Florian Frugier, Renaud Brouquisse, Eliane Meilhoc, Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), BioTransfert, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Microbes Environnement (LIPME), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Nicee Sophia-Antipolis, China Scholarship Council, ANR-11-LABX-0028,SIGNALIFE,Réseau d'Innovation sur les Voies de Signalisation en Sciences de la Vie(2011), ANR-10-LABX-0041,TULIP,Towards a Unified theory of biotic Interactions: the roLe of environmental(2010), ANR-15-CE20-0005,STAYPINK,Mécanismes contrôlant la transition entre fixation d'azote et sénescence dans les nodosités symbiotiques de légumineuses(2015), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Senescence, Root nodule, senescence, legumes, sénescence, Photosynthesis, 01 natural sciences, Rhizobia, rhizobium, Symbiosis, vegetable, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, reactive oxygen species, bactérie, biology, hormones, food and beverages, légume, cell, biology.organism_classification, Plant cell, bacterium, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Cell biology, reactive nitrogen species, plante, proteases, cellule, Bacteria, 010606 plant biology & botany, Hormone
Abstract: In the legume-rhizobia symbiosis, atmospheric dinitrogen (N2) fixation by rhizobia takes place in a specific root organ, called the nodule. During biological N2 fixation, the plant provides photosynthetic carbohydrates to bacteria and, in exchange, bacteria feed the plant with reduced nitrogen (N) under ammonia (NH3) form. Like most other organs, the root nodule has a limited lifespan, and eventually enters a senescence process characterized by a decline of N2 fixation and the coordinated death of both bacteria and plant cells. This senescence process characterized by a metabolic switch from a carbon sink to a nutrient source either results from nodule aging (developmental nodule senescence) or can be triggered prematurely by adverse environmental conditions. Accumulating evidence suggests that redox and hormone signaling contribute to the triggering of senescence. Indeed, nodule senescence is a developmentally programmed process in which antioxidants, reactive oxygen and N species (ROS/RNS), hormones and proteinases play key roles. This chapter reviews recent knowledge on nodule senescence and proposes models by which ROS, RNS, and likely hormones intervene in the orchestration of this process.
Published: 2020
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10. Principal process analysis of biological models

Author: Casagranda, Stefano, Touzeau, Suzanne, Ropers, Delphine, Gouzé, Jean-Luc, Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Modeling, simulation, measurement, and control of bacterial regulatory networks (IBIS), Laboratoire Adaptation et pathogénie des micro-organismes [Grenoble] (LAPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut Jean Roget, Conseil Régional PACA, Investissements d’Avenir Bio-informatique programme project RESET (ANR-11-BINF-0005), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Feedback, Physiological, Model reduction, Methodology Article, Biological networks, Circadian clock, Models, Biological, Circadian Rhythm, Parameter sensitivity analysis, Process analysis, lcsh:Biology (General), [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, Dynamical systems, Animals, lcsh:QH301-705.5
Abstract: International audience; Background: Understanding the dynamical behaviour of biological systems is challenged by their large number of components and interactions. While efforts have been made in this direction to reduce model complexity, they often prove insufficient to grasp which and when model processes play a crucial role. Answering these questions is fundamental to unravel the functioning of living organisms.Results: We design a method for dealing with model complexity, based on the analysis of dynamical models by means of Principal Process Analysis. We apply the method to a well-known model of circadian rhythms in mammals. The knowledge of the system trajectories allows us to decompose the system dynamics into processes that are active or inactive with respect to a certain threshold value. Process activities are graphically represented by Boolean and Dynamical Process Maps. We detect model processes that are always inactive, or inactive on some time interval. Eliminating these processes reduces the complex dynamics of the original model to the much simpler dynamics of the core processes, in a succession of sub-models that are easier to analyse. We quantify by means of global relative errors the extent to which the simplified models reproduce the main features of the original system dynamics and apply global sensitivity analysis to test the influence of model parameters on the errors.Conclusion: The results obtained prove the robustness of the method. The analysis of the sub-model dynamics allows us to identify the source of circadian oscillations. We find that the negative feedback loop involving proteins PER, CRY, CLOCK-BMAL1 is the main oscillator, in agreement with previous modelling and experimental studies. In conclusion, Principal Process Analysis is a simple-to-use method, which constitutes an additional and useful tool for analysing the complex dynamical behaviour of biological systems.
Published: 2018
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11. Effect of NO3and NH4concentrations in nutrient solution on yield and nitrate concentration in seasonally grown leaf lettuce

Author: Branimir Urlić, Dietmar Schwarz, Angelika Krumbein, Maja Jukić Špika, Smiljana Goreta Ban, Hans-Peter Kläring, Christine Becker, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IVOC), Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sports (MSES), German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: inorganic chemicals, 0106 biological sciences, Red lettuce, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Soil Science, chemistry.chemical_element, N and water use efficiency, 01 natural sciences, Nutrient film technique, chemistry.chemical_compound, Ammonia, Animal science, Nitrate, Dry weight, green lettuce, NFT system, multiple regression, 2. Zero hunger, Crop yield, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Nitrogen, chemistry, Agronomy, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Composition (visual arts), Agronomy and Crop Science, Plant nutrition, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: The effect of suboptimal supply of nitrogen (N) and of replacing nitrate in the nutrient solution with ammonia on growth, yield, and nitrate concentration in green and red leaf lettuce was evaluated over two seasons (autumn and spring) using multiple regression analysis. The plants were grown in a greenhouse on a Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) system. Nitrogen concentrations in the nutrient solution were either 3 mM or 12 mM, and the form of N was varied as follows: 100% NO3, 50% NO3 + 50% NH4, and 100% NH4. In both seasons, the biomass (fresh weight) of lettuce heads increased with increasing NO3 concentrations and in autumn, NO3 even at 1.5 mM was sufficient for high yield. However, head dry weight was affected neither by the season nor by changes in the composition of the nutrient solution. The concentration of NO3 had no effect on root dry weight, but it decreased at higher concentrations of NH4. The number of leaves increased as the ratio of NO3 to NH4 in the nutrient solution increased and was higher in autumn because of the longer growth period. Increasing the concentration of NO3 in nutrient solution increased both total N and nitrate concentration in lettuce heads (dry weight) but decreased the concentration of total C. Also, leaf nitrate concentration was lower in spring than in autumn and decreased with increasing NH4 concentration. Nitrogen utilization efficiency was maximum when NH4 levels in the nutrient solution were either 0% or 50% irrespective of the season. Our results thus show that suboptimal N supply in autumn will not affect lettuce yield, and that nitrate concentration in leaves is lower when NH4 concentrations in nutrient solution are higher and also much lower in red lettuce than in green lettuce.
Published: 2017
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12. Quantitative trait loci in pepper control the effective population size of two RNA viruses at inoculation

Author: Elsa Rousseau, Alain Palloix, Frédéric Grognard, Ludovic Mailleret, Sebastien Barraillé, Marion Szadkowski, Benoît Moury, Lucie Tamisier, Frédéric Fabre, Ghislaine Nemouchi, Unité de Pathologie Végétale (PV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé Végétale (INRA/ENITA) (UMRSV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux (ENITAB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV), BAP (Biologie et Amélioration des Plantes) department, SMaCH (Sustainable Management of Crop Health) metaprogramme of INRA, Région Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (PACA), Station de Pathologie Végétale (AVI-PATHO), Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des fruits et légumes (GALF), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de pathologie végétale (UR 407) INRA Avignon, Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé Végétale (INRA/ENITA) (UMR SAVE), Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux (ENITAB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Capsicum annuum, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Potyvirus, Population, Quantitative trait locus, Cucumovirus, 01 natural sciences, Virus, Cucumber mosaic virus, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, virus infection, bottlenecks, Potato virus Y, education, Gene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Plant Diseases, Genetics, education.field_of_study, biology, fungi, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Plant Leaves, 030104 developmental biology, quantitative trait loci, Capsicum, effective population size, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: We thank the staff of the INRAE Experimental facilities of the Plant Pathology research unit (IEPV, https://doi.org/10.15454/8DGF-QF70) for their involvement in field experiments; International audience; Infection of plants by viruses is a complex process involving several steps: inoculation into plant cells, replication in inoculated cells and plant colonization. The success of the different steps depends, in part, on the viral effective population size (Ne), defined as the number of individuals passing their genes to the next generation. During infection, the virus population will undergo bottlenecks, leading to drastic reductions in Ne and, potentially, to the loss of the fittest variants. Therefore, it is crucial to better understand how plants affect Ne. We aimed to (i) identify the plant genetic factors controlling Ne during inoculation, (ii) understand the mechanisms used by the plant to control Ne and (iii) compare these genetic factors with the genes controlling plant resistance to viruses. Ne was measured in a doubled-haploid population of Capsicum annuum. Plants were inoculated with either a Potato virus Y (PVY) construct expressing the green fluorescent protein or a necrotic variant of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Newas assessed by counting the number of primary infection foci on cotyledons for PVY or the number of necrotic local lesions on leaves for CMV. The number of foci and lesions was correlated (r=0.57) and showed a high heritability (h2=0.93 for PVY and h2=0.98 for CMV). The Ne of the two viruses was controlled by both common quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and virus-specific QTLs, indicating the contribution of general and specific mechanisms. The PVY-specific QTL colocalizes with a QTL that reduces PVY accumulation and the capacity to break down a major-effect resistance gene.
Published: 2017
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13. Adsorptive removal of polyphenols from an alfalfa white proteins concentrate: Adsorbent screening, adsorption kinetics and equilibrium study

Author: Florence Lutin, Loubna Firdaous, L. Ouhoud, M. Dhainaut, B. Fertin, Naima Nedjar, Pascal Dhulster, Gabrielle Chataigné, Oussama Khelissa, Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - EA 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille, Université d'Artois (UA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Lille, Eurodia Industrie, Rafidin Compagny, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EA 7394 ICV, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UR 1284 Institut Sophia-Agrobiotech, and Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale (ULCO)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Diffusion, Kinetics, Filtration and Separation, Fraction (chemistry), 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, law.invention, symbols.namesake, Adsorption, Adsorption mechanism, Magazine, law, Freundlich equation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Chemistry, Alfalfa, technology, industry, and agriculture, Polyphenols, Langmuir adsorption model, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Chemical engineering, Polyphenol, Screening, symbols, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: The objective of this work was to examine the effectiveness of adsorption for the removal of polyphenols from an alfalfa white protein concentrate to produce a protein purified fraction. Six commercial macroporous resins were tested for their polyphenols adsorption characteristics. The screening results showed that the adsorbent HP20 and the anion-exchange resin AER1 had the best adsorption characteristics with adsorption capacities of 54.62 mg/g and 48.18 mg/g, respectively. The effect of pH, contact time and adsorption isotherms were successively investigated on the two preselected resins. The process kinetics was evaluated by the pseudo-first-order, the pseudo-second-order, Elovich, intra-particle diffusion and the modified pseudo-first-order models. Batch kinetic data have been well described by the pseudo second order model. Meantime, the adsorption process close equilibrium was governed by intra-particle diffusion. The adsorption data were fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model. It was found that the process is favourable. These results will be used in future studies for the design of column adsorption systems for the purification of the alfalfa protein concentrate and the recovery of phenolic compounds contained in the latter.
Published: 2017
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14. Characterisation of a Meloidogyne species complex parasitising rice in southern Brazil

Author: Philippe Castagnone-Sereno, Regina M. D. G. Carneiro, Roberta Manica-Berto, Dirceu Agostinetto, Vanessa S. Mattos, Lúcia Somavilla, Cesar Bauer Gomes, Rafael R.R.D. Negretti, PPGFS/Fac. Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas = Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Embrapa Clima Temperado, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia (CENARGEN), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, root-knot nematode, Species complex, Meloidogyne graminicola, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], esterase phenotypes, 010607 zoology, Oryza sativa, Meloidogyne spp, phylogeny, 01 natural sciences, Esterase, Graminicola, Phylogenetics, Botany, Root-knot nematode, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 2. Zero hunger, Meloidogyne javanica, SCAR markers, Nematology, biology, biology.organism_classification, ITS, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Root-knot nematodes (RKN) are important plant pathogens affecting rice in South-East Asia and southern Brazil in irrigated rice fields. In order to investigate the specific diversity of RKN associated with irrigated rice in southern Brazil, Meloidogyne spp. from Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and Santa Catarina (SC) States were characterised biochemically by esterase (Est) and malate dehydrogenase (Mdh) phenotypes. Fifty-six Meloidogyne spp. populations were detected in 48% of rice samples, and a total of five esterase phenotypes were identified, four of which presented as drawn-out bands in different positions. In RS State, M. graminicola (Est VS1), Meloidogyne sp. 2 (Est R2) and Meloidogyne sp. 3 (Est R3) were identified, which corresponded to ca 80, 40 and 10% of samples, respectively. In SC State, M. graminicola, M. javanica (Est J3), Meloidogyne sp. 1 (Est R1), Meloidogyne sp. 2 and Meloidogyne sp. 3 accounted for ca 93.75, 12.50, 62.50, 12.25 and 6.25% of samples, respectively. The esterase phenotypes R1, R2 and R3 are new, never having been detected on rice before. Meloidogyne javanica showed a N1 Mdh phenotype (Rm: 1.0), while four other populations exhibited a N1a (Rm: 1.4) phenotype. All populations were tested with two SCAR markers specific to M. graminicola, which confirmed that, but no specificity was obtained with both markers in relation to the atypical populations analysed. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer-rRNA (ITS) were performed to infer the phylogenetic relationship of these atypical Meloidogyne spp. populations. Meloidogyne sp. 1 grouped with the mitotic parthenogenetic species, while the two others (Meloidogyne sp. 2 and sp. 3) clustered with M. graminicola and other meiotic parthenogenetic species. Taken together, these data highlight the unprecedented specific diversity of RKN associated with irrigated rice in southern Brazil. Further morphological and phylogenetic studies involving these atypical isolates will be carried out to identify this complex of species.
Published: 2017
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15. A multi-seasonal model of plant-nematode interactions and its use to identify optimal plant resistance deployment strategies

Author: Samuel Nilusmas, Caroline Djian-Caporalino, Ludovic Mailleret, Vincent Calcagno, Mathilde Mercat, Thomas Perrot, Suzanne Touzeau, Philippe Castagnone-Sereno, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes (IAM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), This work was funded by INRA and R ́egion Sud PACA, France. It was certified bythe Terralia competitiveness research cluster. The authors are grateful to the Inria SophiaAntipolis – M ́editerran ́ee 'NEF' computation cluster for providing resources and support., Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 2. Zero hunger, 0106 biological sciences, Optimal strategies, Durable resistance, 0303 health sciences, Resistance (ecology), business.industry, Resistance deployment, Crop yield, fungi, food and beverages, Seasonality, 15. Life on land, Biology, Crop rotation, Root-knot nematodes, 01 natural sciences, Biotechnology, Plant nematode, 03 medical and health sciences, [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, business, Semi-discrete model, 030304 developmental biology, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: SummaryRoot-knot nematodes (RKNs) are soil-borne polyphagous pests with major impact on crop yield worlwide. Resistant crops efficiently control avirulent RKNs, but favour the emergence of virulent forms. Virulence being associated with fitness costs, susceptible crops counter-select virulent RKNs. In this study we identify optimal rotation strategies between susceptible and resistant crops to control RKNs and maximize crop yield.We developed an epidemiological model describing the within-season dynamics of avirulent and virulent RKNs on susceptible or resistant plant root-systems, and their between-season survival. The model was fitted to experimental data and used to predict yield-maximizing rotation strategies, with special attention to the impact of epidemic and genetic parameters.Crop rotations were found to be efficient under realistic parameter ranges. They were characterised by low ratios of resistant plants, and were robust to parameter uncertainty. Rotations provide significant gain over resistant-only strategies, especially under intermediate fitness costs and severe epidemic contexts.Switching from the current general deployment of resistant crops to custom rotation strategies could not only maintain or increase crop yield, but also preserve the few and valuable R-genes available to us.
Published: 2019

16. Inference of the worldwide invasion routes of the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, using ABC analysis on microsatellite data

Author: Mallez, Sophie, Castagnone, Chantal, Lombaert, Eric, Castagnone-Sereno, Philippe, Guillemaud, Thomas, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE]
Abstract: Population genetics have been greatly beneficial to improve knowledge about biological invasions. Quantitative genetic methods, such as Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC), have brought this improvement up a notch and are now essential tools to decipher the invasion routes of any invasive species. In this paper, we performed ABC analyses to shed light on the pinewood nematode (PWN) worldwide invasion routes and identify the source of the European populations. Originating from North America, this microscopic worm has been invading Asia since 1905 and Europe since 1999, causing tremendous damage on pine forests. Using microsatellite data, we demonstrated the existence of multiple independent events of introduction in Japan (one from the USA and one with an unknown origin) and China (one from the USA and one from Japan). We also found an American origin of the Portuguese samples. Although, we observed some discrepancies between traditional genetic methods and the ABC method, which are worth investigating and are discussed here, the ABC approach definitely helped clarify the worldwide history of the PWN invasion.
Published: 2019

17. An evaluation of pool-sequencing transcriptome-based exon capture for population genomics of non-model species

Author: Deleury Emeline, Guillemaud Thomas, Blin Aurélie, Lombaert Eric, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, population genomics, Harmonia axyridis, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], intron-exon boundary prediction, pool-sequencing, non-model organism, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, target enrichment, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: Exon capture coupled to high-throughput sequencing constitutes a cost-effective technical solution for addressing specific questions in evolutionary biology by focusing on expressed regions of the genome preferentially targeted by selection. Transcriptome-based capture, a process that can be used to capture the exons of non-model species, is use in phylogenomics. However, its use in population genomics remains rare due to the high costs of sequencing large numbers of indexed individuals across multiple populations. We evaluated the feasibility of combining transcriptome-based capture and the pooling of tissues from numerous individuals for DNA extraction as a cost-effective, generic and robust approach to estimating the variant allele frequencies of any species at the population level. We designed capture probes for ∼5 Mb of chosen de novo transcripts from the Asian ladybird Harmonia axyridis (5,717 transcripts). We called ∼300,000 bi-allelic SNPs for a pool of 36 non-indexed individuals. Capture efficiency was high, and pool-seq was as effective and accurate as individual-seq for detecting variants and estimating allele frequencies. Finally, we also evaluated an approach for simplifying bioinformatic analyses by mapping genomic reads directly to targeted transcript sequences to obtain coding variants. This approach is effective and does not affect the estimation of SNP allele frequencies, except for a small bias close to some exon ends. We demonstrate that this approach can also be used to predict the intron-exon boundaries of targeted de novo transcripts, making it possible to abolish genotyping biases near exon ends.
Published: 2019

18. Pulsed perturbations in population dynamics

Author: Mailleret, Ludovic, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

19. Site-Specific Conjugation for Fully Controlled Glycoconjugate Vaccine Preparation

Author: Pillot, Aline, Defontaine, Alain, Fateh, Amina, Lambert, Annie, Prasanna, Maruthi, Fanuel, Mathieu, Pipelier, Muriel, Csaba, Noemi, Violo, Typhaine, Camberlein, Emilie, Grandjean, Cyrille, Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP), Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INRA Plateforme BIBS, Unité de Recherche Biopolymères, Interactions, Assemblages, Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité : Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie de Lille - IBL (IBLI), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Conseil Régional des Pays de la Loire, Université de Nantes, Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency, Unité de fonctionnalité et ingénierie de protéines (UFIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular e Enfermidades Crónicas, and Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Farmacoloxía, Farmacia e Tecnoloxía Farmacéutica
Subjects: Protein conjugation, Thio/maleimide ligation, pneumococcal vaccine, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, glycoconjugate vaccine, Chemoselective ligation, chemoselective ligation, Pneumococcal vaccine, General Chemistry, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, Glycoconjugate vaccine, thio/maleimide ligation, Chemistry, Cysteine mutagenesis, protein conjugation, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, cysteine mutagenesis, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, [SDV.IMM.VAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Vaccinology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Original Research
Abstract: Glycoconjugate vaccines are formed by covalently link a carbohydrate antigen to a carrier protein whose role is to achieve a long lasting immune response directed against the carbohydrate antigen. The nature of the sugar antigen, its length, its ratio per carrier protein and the conjugation chemistry impact on both structure and the immune response of a glycoconjugate vaccine. In addition it has long been assumed that the sites at which the carbohydrate antigen is attached can also have an impact. These important issue can now be addressed owing to the development of novel chemoselective ligation reactions as well as techniques such as site-selective mutagenesis, glycoengineering, or extension of the genetic code. The preparation and characterization of homogeneous bivalent pneumococcal vaccines is reported. The preparation and characterization of homogeneous bivalent pneumococcal vaccines is reported. A synthetic tetrasaccharide representative of the serotype 14 capsular polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae has been linked using the thiol/maleimide coupling chemistry to four different Pneumococcal surface adhesin A (PsaA) mutants, each harboring a single cysteine mutation at a deﬁned position. Humoral response of these 1 to 1 carbohydrate antigen/PsaA conjugates have been assessed in mice. Our results showed that the carbohydrate antigen-PsaA connectivity impacts the anti-carrier response and raise questions about the design of glycoconjugate vaccine whereby the protein plays the dual role of immunogen and carrier. SI
Published: 2019
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20. The nuclear hypoxia-regulated NLUCAT1 long non-coding RNA contributes to an aggressive phenotype in lung adenocarcinoma through regulation of oxidative stress

Author: Roger Rezzonico, Garrett Kinnebrew, Mircea Ivan, Marin Truchi, Marius Ilie, Bernard Mari, Julien Fassy, Nicolas Nottet, Laura Moreno Leon, Nicolas Pottier, Richard Allan, Milan Radovich, Gilles Ponzio, Nicolas Pons, Kevin Lebrigand, Pascal Barbry, Charles-Hugo Marquette, Marine Gautier, Agnès Paquet, Meyling Hua Chen Cheok, Georges Vassaux, Virginie Magnone, Paul Hofman, Infection bactérienne, inflammation, et carcinogenèse digestive, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-IFR50-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de pharmacologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IPMC), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), FHU OncoAge - Pathologies liées à l’âge [CHU Nice] (OncoAge), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire [UNIV Côte d'Azur] (UPMC)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Infectious Diseases, Walther Oncology Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University System-Indiana University System, Targeted Therapy Laboratory, Section of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Biologie et physiopathologie cutanées : expression génique, signalisation et thérapie, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-IFR50-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Indiana University System, Impact de l'environnement chimique sur la santé humaine - ULR 4483 (IMPECS), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Ponzio, Gilles, Centres d'excellences - Réseau d'Innovation sur les Voies de Signalisation en Sciences de la Vie - - SIGNALIFE2011 - ANR-11-LABX-0028 - LABX - VALID, Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Hôpital Pasteur [Nice] (CHU), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U837 (JPArc), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Faculté de Médecine Henri Warembourg - Université de Lille, ANR-11-LABX-0028,SIGNALIFE,Réseau d'Innovation sur les Voies de Signalisation en Sciences de la Vie(2011), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire [UNIV Côte d'Azur] (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U1172 Inserm - U837 (JPArc), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Université de Lille, Université Lille 2 - Faculté de Médecine, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-IFR50-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire [UNIV Côte d'Azur] (UPMC), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Impact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé Humain, and PRES Université Lille Nord de France
Subjects: Cancer Research, Lung Neoplasms, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], NF-KAPPA-B, Adenocarcinoma of Lung, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biology, ANNOTATION, CELL-PROLIFERATION, Transcriptome, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Downregulation and upregulation, POOR-PROGNOSIS, Genetics, medicine, Humans, TRANSCRIPTION, Lung cancer, Molecular Biology, Transcription factor, [SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, GENE-EXPRESSION, DRUG-RESISTANCE, 0303 health sciences, Gene knockdown, EPITHELIAL-CELLS, Hypoxia (medical), medicine.disease, CANCER, Long non-coding RNA, 3. Good health, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Oxidative Stress, Phenotype, CIGARETTE-SMOKE, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer research, Adenocarcinoma, RNA, Long Noncoding, medicine.symptom
Abstract: International audience; Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, with poor prognosis and a high rate of recurrence despite early surgical removal. Hypoxic regions within tumors represent sources of aggressiveness and resistance to therapy. Although long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized as major gene expression regulators, their regulation and function following hypoxic stress are still largely unexplored. Combining profiling studies on early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) biopsies and on A549 LUAD cell lines cultured in normoxic or hypoxic conditions, we identified a subset of lncRNAs that are both correlated with the hypoxic status of tumors and regulated by hypoxia in vitro. We focused on a new transcript, NLUCAT1, which is strongly upregulated by hypoxia in vitro and correlated with hypoxic markers and poor prognosis in LUADs. Full molecular characterization showed that NLUCAT1 is a large nuclear transcript composed of six exons and mainly regulated by NF-κB and NRF2 transcription factors. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated invalidation of NLUCAT1 revealed a decrease in proliferative and invasive properties, an increase in oxidative stress and a higher sensitivity to cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Transcriptome analysis of NLUCAT1-deficient cells showed repressed genes within the antioxidant and/or cisplatin-response networks. We demonstrated that the concomitant knockdown of four of these genes products, GPX2, GLRX, ALDH3A1, and PDK4, significantly increased ROS-dependent caspase activation, thus partially mimicking the consequences of NLUCAT1 inactivation in LUAD cells. Overall, we demonstrate that NLUCAT1 contributes to an aggressive phenotype in early-stage hypoxic tumors, suggesting it may represent a new potential therapeutic target in LUADs.
Published: 2019
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21. Organ-wide and ploidy-dependent regulation both contribute to cell-size determination: evidence from a computational model of tomato fruit

Author: Michel Génard, Valentina Baldazzi, Pierre Valsesia, Nadia Bertin, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ANR-15-CE20-0009,FRIMOUSS,Modélisation intégrative du fruit pour un système de sélection unifié(2015), ANR-10-LABX-0001/10-LABX-0001,AGRO,Agricultural Sciences for sustainable Development(2010), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-10-LABX-0001,AGRO,Agricultural Sciences for sustainable Development(2010), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR: 10-LABX-0001,AGRO,Agricultural Sciences for sustainable Development(2011), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Expansion, Genotype, Cell division, growth, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Fruit development, Biology, tomato, Development, Models, Biological, 01 natural sciences, Cell size, 03 medical and health sciences, Solanum lycopersicum, Endoreduplication, division, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Computer Simulation, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, Cell Proliferation, 030304 developmental biology, Principal Component Analysis, 0303 health sciences, Ploidies, model, Tomato fruit, Computational model, food and beverages, ploidy, Research Papers, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, cell size, Cell expansion, Order (biology), Organ Specificity, Fruit, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Growth and Development, Ploidy, Biological system, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: A computational model of tomato fruit reveals an important role of both organ-wide and ploidy-dependent effects in the control of cell size, and suggests a possible influence of endoreduplication on carbon metabolism., The development of a new organ is the result of coordinated events of cell division and expansion, in strong interaction with each other. This study presents a dynamic model of tomato fruit development that includes cell division, endoreduplication, and expansion processes. The model is used to investigate the potential interactions among these developmental processes within the context of the neo-cellular theory. In particular, different control schemes (either cell-autonomous or organ-controlled) are tested and compared to experimental data from two contrasting genotypes. The model shows that a pure cell-autonomous control fails to reproduce the observed cell-size distribution, and that an organ-wide control is required in order to get realistic cell-size variations. The model also supports the role of endoreduplication as an important determinant of the final cell size and suggests that a direct effect of endoreduplication on cell expansion is needed in order to obtain a significant correlation between size and ploidy, as observed in real data.
Published: 2019
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22. Storage of Carotenoids in Crustaceans as an Adaptation to Modulate Immunopathology and Optimize Immunological and Life‐History Strategies

Author: Aurélie Babin, Yannick Moret, Jérôme Moreau, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement
Subjects: invertebrate, macromolecular substances, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Antioxidants, Life history theory, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Decapoda, polycyclic compounds, Animals, Carotenoid, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, tolerance, biology, organic chemicals, carotenoids, food and beverages, Environmental availability, Assimilation (biology), Pigments, Biological, biology.organism_classification, Crustacean, Immunity, Innate, biological factors, immune cost, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, chemistry, Evolutionary biology, ageing, Host-Pathogen Interactions, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: International audience; Why do some invertebrates store so much carotenoids in their tissues? Storage of carotenoids may not simply be passive and dependent on their environmental availability, as storage variation exists at various taxonomic scales, including among individuals within species. While the strong antioxidant and sometimes immune-stimulating properties of carotenoids might be beneficial enough to cause the evolution of features improving their assimilation and storage, they may also have fitness downsides explaining why massive carotenoid storage is not universal. Here, we examine the functional and ecological implications of carotenoid storage for the evolution of invertebrate innate immune defences, especially in crustaceans, which massively store carotenoids for unclear reasons. We propose three testable hypotheses about the role of carotenoid storage in immunological (resistance and tolerance) and lifehistory strategies (with a focus on ageing), which may ultimately explain the storage of large amounts of these pigments in a context of host-pathogen interactions.
Published: 2019
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23. Pollinator Behavior Drives Sexual Specializations in the Hermaphrodite Flowers of a Heterodichogamous Tree

Author: Tamar Keasar, Udi Zurgil, Eric Wajnberg, Orna Reisman-Berman, Yochai Lebber, Simcha Lev-Yadun, Idan Shapira, Noemi Tel-Zur, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HExapode, PHysiologie, AssISTance et Objets de Service (HEPHAISTOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), University of Haifa [Haifa], Open University of Israël, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), United States Agency for International Development (USAID)United States Agency for International Development (USAID) TA-MOU-12-M32-021, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, genetic structures, Dioecy, Zoology, Plant Science, Biology, heterodichogamy, lcsh:Plant culture, medicine.disease_cause, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, insect pollination, 03 medical and health sciences, probabilistic model, Hermaphrodite, Pollinator, Pollen, Ziziphus spina-christi, medicine, Nectar, lcsh:SB1-1110, Reproductive system, reproductive and urinary physiology, 030304 developmental biology, Original Research, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], fungi, food and beverages, Mating system, dioecy, Sympatric speciation, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, psychological phenomena and processes, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: International audience; Dioecy, the specialization of individuals into either male-only or female-only sexual function, has multiple evolutionary origins in plants. One proposed ancestral mating system is heterodichogamy, two morphs of cross-fertilizing hermaphrodite flowers that differ in their timing of flowering. Previous research suggested that small specializations in these morphs’ functional genders could facilitate their evolution into separate sexes. We tested the possible role of pollinators in driving such specializations. Ziziphus spina-christi is an insect-pollinated heterodichogamous tree with self-incompatible flowers and two sympatric flowering morphs. We compared the flower development patterns, floral food rewards, pollinator visits, and fruit production between the two morphs. Male-phase flowers of Z. spina-christi’s “Early” and “Late” morphs open before dawn and around noon, respectively, and transition into female-phase 7–8 h later. Flowers of both morphs contain similar nectar and pollen rewards, and receive visits by flies (their ancestral pollinators) at similar rates, mostly during the morning. Consequently, the Early morph functions largely as pollen donor. The Late morph, functioning as female in the morning, produces more fruit. We developed an evolutionary probabilistic model, inspired by Z. spina-christi’s reproductive system, to test whether pollinator visit patterns could potentially play a role in an evolutionary transition from heterodichogamy towards dioecy. The model predicts that reproductive incompatibility within flowering morphs promotes their evolution into different sexes. Furthermore, the pollinators’ morning activity drives the Early and Late morphs’ specialization into male and female functions, respectively. Thus, while not required for transitioning from heterodichogamy to dioecy, pollinator-mediated selection is expected to influence which sexual specialization evolves in each of the flowering morphs.
Published: 2019
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24. Le locus de résistance Ma des Prunus vis-à-vis des nématodes à galles : Originalité structurale et évolution dans la famille des NBS-LRRs chez les plantes

Author: Van Ghelder, Cyril, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Côte d'Azur, Daniel Esmenjaud, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: Meloidogyne, Cartographie, Evolution, Interaction plante-nématode, Resistance genes, Évolution, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, NBS-LRR, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Domaine PL, Gènes de résistance, TNL, NLR, PL domain, Plant-nematode interaction, Prunus, Gene mapping
Abstract: Root-knot nematodes (RKNs), Meloidogyne spp., are extremely polyphagous pests that severely challenge plants worldwide and especially perennials. The specific genetic resistance of plants mainly relies on NBS-LRR receptor genes (or NLRs grouping TNL, CNL and RNL subfamilies) that are pivotal factors for control of pests and pathogens. In Prunus spp., the Ma plum TNL gene confers resistance to all RKNs tested, whereas the RMja almond gene displays a more restricted spectrum of resistance (R). Moreover, the Ma predicted protein shows a peculiar TNL structure due to a C-terminal region made of five repeated domains, designated post-LRR domains (PLs). In this context, this thesis work has characterised the originality and the distribution of this uncommon structure among diverse plant proteomes and has revealed the genetic relationship between the Ma and RMja genes.We first studied the frequency, distribution and structural characteristics of TNL genes and PL domains within the peach genome, the reference genome for Rosaceae. The finding of PL domains, which have been identified in two thirds of the 195 TNLs, allowed us to define specific motifs that improve the detection of this poorly known domain in Angiosperms. We found that the PL domain is specific of TNLs and is present in Angiosperm genomes in a proportion similar to the one established for peach. Besides, TNLs displaying multiple PL domains are rare in plants. The five-PL domain pattern is probably unique to Ma and its orthologues and was probably inherited from their common ancestor in the order Rosales. We then investigated the NBS-LRR repertoire of the conifers (Gymnosperms), an ancient taxonomic group, for which the data related to this gene family are unclear. By analysing seven reference transcriptomes, we highlighted a large and diverse NBS-LRR arsenal in conifers but, surprisingly, no PL signatures have been detected. The examination of ancient plant proteomes revealed that only Ginkgo biloba displayed a few PL signatures. Our results suggest that a partial acquisition of the PL domain occurred early in seed plants and was followed by an adaptive expansion in Angiosperms. Additionally, we showed that conifers and Rosaceae have numerous RNLs and TNLs. By enlarging our study to other land plant genomes, we uncovered an average ratio of 1:10 between RNLs and TNLs numbers.We finally carried out a high-resolution mapping of the RMja gene in almond. Using a BAC library, RMja was localised into the Ma resistance cluster and the Ma orthologue is by far the best candidate. The sequence comparison between three orthologous regions of the Ma locus, i.e. plum (complete R spectrum), almond (incomplete R spectrum) and peach (null R spectrum) highlighted a unique conserved structure of the Ma orthologues. Our results suggest that the polymorphism contained in the PL-domain repeats might underlie differential resistance interactions with RKNs and an original immune mechanism in woody perennials. In these immune processes for recognition or signalling, other components such as RNLs might be involved. This work paves the way for future comparative and functional approaches aiming to unravel the molecular determinants involved in the resistance to RKNs.; Les nématodes à galles, Meloidogyne spp., sont des ravageurs extrêmement polyphages qui, à l’échelle mondiale, occasionnent de graves dommages aux plantes. La résistance génétique spécifique des plantes aux maladies et ravageurs s’appuie principalement sur les gènes de la famille des récepteurs NBS-LRR (ou NLRs), regroupant les TNLs, CNLs et RNLs. Chez les Prunus, le gène Ma du prunier appartient à la sous-famille des TNLs et confère une résistance à toutes les espèces de Meloidogyne testées, alors que le gène RMja de l’amandier exprime un spectre de résistance (R) plus restreint vis-à-vis de ces ravageurs. De plus, la protéine Ma présente une région C-terminale particulière constituée de cinq domaines répétés, désignés domaines post-LRR (PLs). Notre travail de thèse a caractérisé l’originalité et la distribution de cette région à travers de nombreux protéomes de plantes et a identifié la relation génétique entre les gènes Ma et RMja.Nous avons tout d’abord étudié la fréquence, la distribution et les caractéristiques structurales des gènes TNL et des domaines PL dans le génome du pêcher, génome de référence des Rosaceae. Les domaines PL, retrouvés chez les deux tiers des 195 TNLs identifiés, nous ont permis d’établir des signatures améliorant la détection de ce domaine, jusqu’alors peu étudié, dans divers génomes d’Angiospermes. Nous avons pu établir que le domaine PL est spécifique aux TNLs et qu’il est retrouvé dans des proportions similaires à celle établie chez le pêcher. Par ailleurs, les TNLs disposant de domaines PL multiples sont rares chez les plantes étudiées. La structure à cinq domaines répétés est probablement unique à Ma et ses orthologues et a vraisemblablement été héritée de leur ancêtre commun dans l’ordre des Rosales. Nous avons ensuite étudié le répertoire des NBS-LRRs chez les conifères (Gymnospermes), groupe taxonomique ancien, dont les données sur cette famille de gènes étaient parcellaires. En analysant sept transcriptomes de référence, nous avons pu établir que l’arsenal des NBS-LRRs chez les conifères était large et varié mais, étonnamment, qu’aucun domaine PL précédemment défini n’y était présent. L’examen de protéomes de plantes plus anciennes a montré que seul le Ginkgo biloba portait quelques signatures PL. Ces observations suggèrent une acquisition partielle précoce du domaine chez les plantes à graines et une expansion adaptative chez les Angiospermes. En complément, nous avons montré que les conifères, tout comme les Rosaceae, possèdent de nombreux RNLs et TNLs. En étendant notre étude à diverses plantes terrestres, nous avons mis en évidence un rapport moyen de 1:10 reliant les effectifs de RNLs et de TNLs à travers les divers génomes étudiés. Nous avons finalement conduit une cartographie haute résolution du gène RMja chez l’amandier. En nous appuyant sur une banque BAC, RMja a été localisé dans le cluster de résistance Ma et l’orthologue de Ma est de très loin le meilleur candidat. La comparaison de séquence entre les régions orthologues du locus Ma, chez le prunier (spectre R complet), l’amandier (spectre R incomplet) et le pêcher (spectre R nul) a mis en évidence une structure conservée unique des trois orthologues de Ma. Nos résultats suggèrent que le polymorphisme des répétitions du domaine PL sous-tend des interactions différentielles de résistance vis-à-vis des Meloidogyne et un mécanisme d’immunité original chez les plantes pérennes. Dans ces processus immuns de reconnaissance ou de signalisation, d’autres composants tels les RNLs pourraient être impliqués. Notre travail ouvre la voie à des approches comparative et fonctionnelle d’identification des déterminants moléculaires impliqués dans la résistance aux nématodes à galles.
Published: 2019

25. A reduction strategy to simplify a model of sugar metabolism for application to a large panel of genotypes

Author: Hussein Kanso, Bénédicte Quilot-Turion, Mohamed-Mahmoud Memah, Olivier Bernard, Jean-Luc Gouzé, Valentina Baldazzi, Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), IFAC, Gouzé, Jean-Luc, Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des fruits et légumes (GALF), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, [INFO.INFO-AU] Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

26. The Polycomb protein LHP1 regulates Arabidopsis thaliana stress responses through the repression of the MYC2‐dependent branch of immunity

Author: Abdelhafid Bendahmane, Ying Huang, Sylvie Citerne, Cécile Raynaud, Maëlle Jaouannet, Deborah Manza-Mianza, Moussa Benhamed, Heribert Hirt, Rim Brik-Chaouche, Juan Sebastian Ramirez-Prado, David Latrasse, Natalia Y. Rodriguez-Granados, Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, H3K27me3, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mutant, Arabidopsis, Polycomb-Group Proteins, Pseudomonas syringae, Plant Science, drought, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, stress, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, Plant Immunity, Abscisic acid, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors, Jasmonic acid, Cell biology, Chromatin, Salicylic Acid, Cyclopentanes, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, LHP1, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Genetics, Animals, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Epigenetics, Oxylipins, Transcription factor, Psychological repression, Plant Diseases, Arabidopsis Proteins, Cell Biology, Ethylenes, biology.organism_classification, Polycomb, 030104 developmental biology, MYC2, aphid, chemistry, Aphids, Transcriptome, 010606 plant biology & botany, pathogen, Abscisic Acid, Transcription Factors
Abstract: International audience; Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs) have been traditionally associated to the regulation of developmental processes in various organisms, including higher plants. However, similar to other epigenetic regulators, there is accumulating evidence for their role in the regulation of stress and immune-related pathways. In the current study we show that the PRC1 protein LHP1 is required for the repression of the MYC2 branch of jasmonic acid (JA)/ethylene (ET) pathway of immunity. Loss of LHP1 induces the reduction in H3K27me3 levels in the gene bodies of ANAC019 and ANAC055, as well as some of their targets, leading to their transcriptional up-regulation. Consistently, increased expression of these two transcription factors leads to the mis-regulation of several of their genomic targets. The lhp1 mutant mimics the MYC2, ANAC019 and ANAC055 over-expressers in several of their phenotypes, including increased aphid resistance, ABA sensitivity and drought tolerance. In addition, like the MYC2 and ANAC over-expressers, lhp1 displays reduced Salicylic Acid (SA) content caused by a de-regulation of ICS1 and BSMT1, as well as increased susceptibility to the hemibiotrophic pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Together, our results indicate that LHP1 regulates the expression of stress responsive genes as well as the homeostasis and responses to the stress hormones SA and ABA. This protein emerges as a key chromatin player fine-tuning the complex balance between developmental and stress-responsive processes.
Published: 2019
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27. Non-Intrusive Sensors for Activity Analysis of Elderly People

Author: Pourtallier, Odile, Papegay, Yves, Melnyk, Artem, Coulbois, Alain, Jiménez, Tania, Wajnberg, Eric, Merlet, Jean-Pierre, HExapode, PHysiologie, AssISTance et Objets de Service (HEPHAISTOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Laboratoire arc électrique et plasmas thermiques (LAEPT), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Informatique d'Avignon (LIA), Avignon Université (AU)-Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Informatique - CERI, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]
Abstract: In this paper, we describe ongoing research conducted in our Laboratory concerning activity analysis of elderly or frail people with non-intrusive sensors. Activity is evaluated regarding autonomous mobility inferred from indoor tracking of many people. Non-intrusive photoelectric beam barrier sensors have been installed in our lab, in a nursing home and a medical care and research unit for respectively more than one year and 6 months. Incremental design, sensor fusion, data processing and acceptance concerns are discussed in the paper.
Published: 2019

28. RNA-based technologies for insect control in plant production

Author: Christine Coustau, Karl-Heinz Kogel, Shaoshuai Liu, Maëlle Jaouannet, Jafargholi Imani, D'Maris Amick Dempsey, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), German Research Foundation (DFG) GRK2355, and ANR-16-CE92-0014,X-KINGDOM-MIF,Analyse comparative de la fonction des 'Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor' (MIF) dans les règnes animaux et végétaux.(2016)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Small RNA, Insecta, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Transgene, Bioengineering, Genetically modified crops, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Insect Control, 03 medical and health sciences, RNA interference, 010608 biotechnology, Gene expression, Gene silencing, Animals, Double-stranded RNA, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, RNA, Double-Stranded, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, Host-induced gene silencing, 0303 health sciences, Pesticide biosafety, fungi, Transgenic plants, Immunity, RNA, food and beverages, RNA immune stimulatory activity, 15. Life on land, Plants, Genetically Modified, Plant protection, Insects, RNA silencing, RNA Interference, Biotechnology
Abstract: International audience; RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process in which small RNA (sRNA) molecules sequence-specifically silence gene expression at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level, either by directing inhibitory chromatin modifications or by decreasing the stability or translation potential of the targeted mRNA. The trigger for gene silencing is double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) generated from an endogenous genomic locus or a foreign source, such as a transgene or virus. The process of gene silencing can be exploited in agriculture to control plant diseases and pests. Of the pests that impact crop yield (including nematodes, arthropods, rodents, snails, slugs and birds), insects constitute the largest and most diverse group. Here, we review the "pros" and "cons" of using RNAi technology mediated by dsRNA-expressing transgenic plants (host-induced gene silencing, HIGS) or direct application of chemically synthesized dsRNA to control plant-damaging insects. Rapid progress in elucidating RNAi mechanisms has led to the first commercial products on the market. Given the high potential of RNAi strategies, their use in agriculture, horticulture, and forestry will likely be extensive in the future. However, further studies are needed to improve the efficacy of RNAi-based plant protection strategies and to assess their associated safety risks.
Published: 2019
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29. Reliable motion planning for parallel manipulators

Author: Hiparco Lins Vieira, André Teófilo Beck, Eric Wajnberg, Maíra Martins da Silva, Université de Sao Paulo, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) 2018 / 21336-0 2014 / 01809-0, Conseil national du développement scientifique et technologique (CNPq) 405569 / 2016-5, Conseil national du développement scientifique et technologique (CNPq), Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos (EESC-USP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), HExapode, PHysiologie, AssISTance et Objets de Service (HEPHAISTOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and This research is supported by FAPESP 2014/01809-0, FAPESP 2018/21336-0 and CNPq 405596/2016-5. Moreover, H.L. Vieira, M.M da Silva and A.T Beck are grateful for their CNPq grants.
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Probability of failure, Computer science, Monte Carlo method, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, Probabilité d'échec, Metamodeling, ESTRUTURAS, Computer Science::Robotics, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0203 mechanical engineering, Control theory, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Motion planning, Simulation de Monte Carlo, Artificial neural networks, Artificial neural network, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Failure probability, Monte Carlo Simulation, Genetic operators, [PHYS.MECA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics], Modular design, Iterative strategy, Opérateurs génétiques, Computer Science Applications, Manipulator workspace, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Mechanics of Materials, Réseaux de neurones artificiels, business
Abstract: International audience; Geometric uncertainties may jeopardize the performance of parallel manipulators, especially during motion planning. Recent research demonstrated that, during motion planning and due to uncertainties, manipulators may accidentally assume low performance or singular configurations. Thus, reliable motion planning algorithms are required. Very few algorithms were proposed to avoid such problem in parallel manipulators. This paper presents a reliable motion planning technique. First, failure modes are defined. Then, a Monte Carlo simulation is used to provide information on how the manipulator’s uncertainties affect its conditioning. Based on this simulation, probabilities of failure are computed for several manipulator workspace configurations. After that, an artificial neural network metamodel is trained to overcome Monte Carlo’s computational inefficiency on the failure probability estimation. This metamodel is assessed by an iterative strategy that exploits genetic operators to compute optimal trajectories avoiding regions that are considerably affected by uncertainties. Due to its modular methodology, the technique can be easily adapted for different applications. A 3RRR manipulator is used as a case study.
Published: 2019
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30. Leaf Production and Expansion: A Generalized Response to Drought Stresses from Cells to Whole Leaf Biomass—A Case Study in the Tomato Compound Leaf

Author: Christine Granier, Valentina Baldazzi, Yann Guédon, Nadia Bertin, Garance Koch, Myriam Dauzat, Gaëlle Rolland, Alexis Bédiée, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), This project was supported by Agropolis Fondation under the reference Project-1403-032 throughthe « Investissements d’avenir » programme (Labex Agro: ANR-10-LABX-0001-01). Adaptation of thePHENOPSIS platform to host large pots was supported by the GEPETOs2015 project (Région LanguedocRoussillon-FEDER funds)., ANR-10-LABX-0001,AGRO,Agricultural Sciences for sustainable Development(2010), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ANR-10-LABX-0001/10-LABX-0001,AGRO,Agricultural Sciences for sustainable Development(2010), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, cell division, Specific leaf area, Soil water deficit, [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, croissance foliaire, Plant Science, drought, Biology, tomato, 01 natural sciences, Article, stress du à la sécheresse, endoreduplication, leaf production, 03 medical and health sciences, tomate, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 2. Zero hunger, Biomass (ecology), Leaf expansion, Vegetal Biology, Ecology, fungi, Botany, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, croissance cellulaire, endoréduplication, Cell expansion, Horticulture, 030104 developmental biology, Cell division, Drought, Endoreduplication, Leaf growth, Leaf production, Plasticity, Tomato, plasticity, QK1-989, leaf growth, stress hydrique, Biologie végétale, cell expansion, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: It is clearly established that there is not a unique response to soil water deficit but that there are as many responses as soil water deficit characteristics: Drought intensity, drought duration, and drought position during plant cycle. For a same soil water deficit, responses can also differ on plant genotype within a same species. In spite of this variability, at least for leaf production and expansion processes, robust tendencies can be extracted from the literature when similar watering regimes are compared. Here, we present response curves and multi-scale dynamics analyses established on tomato plants exposed to different soil water deficit treatments. Results reinforce the trends already observed for other species: Reduction in plant leaf biomass under water stress was due to reduction in individual leaf biomass and areas whereas leaf production and specific leaf area were not affected. The dynamics of leaf expansion was modified both at the leaf and cell scales. Cell division and expansion were reduced by drought treatments as well as the endoreduplication process. Combining response curves analyses together with dynamic analyses of tomato compound leaf growth at different scales not only corroborate results on simple leaf responses to drought but also increases our knowledge on the cellular mechanisms behind leaf growth plasticity.
Published: 2019
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31. Correction to: Bottom‑up effects of irrigation, fertilization and plant resistance on Tuta absoluta: implications for Integrated Pest Management

Author: Peng Han, Nicolas Desneux, Christine Becker, Romain Larbat, Jacques Le Bot, Stéphane Adamowicz, Jiang Zhang, Anne-Violette Lavoir, CAS Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Crop Protection, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University-Hubei University, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Wuhan University [China]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, 010602 entomology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Agronomy and Crop Science, 6. Clean water, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019
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32. The outbreaks of nontarget mirid bugs promote arthropod pest suppression in Bt cotton agroecosystems

Author: Wenjing Li, Coline C. Jaworski, Nicolas Desneux, Yanhui Lu, Yuying Jiang, Kongming Wu, Fan Yang, Bing Liu, Lili Wang, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fudan University [Shanghai], Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Key Project for Breeding Genetically Modified Organisms [2016ZX08012-004], National Natural Science Funds of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [31621064, 31222046], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Lu, Yanhui
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, Agroecosystem, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Bt crop, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bacillus thuringiensis, Plant Science, Biology, Brief Communication, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Bacterial Proteins, Animals, ecological effect, Pest Control, Biological, Arthropods, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Gossypium, Aphid, nontarget pest, pest status evolution, pest management, mirid bug, aphid, Outbreak, Plants, Genetically Modified, biology.organism_classification, 010602 entomology, Bt cotton, Agronomy, Arthropod, PEST analysis, Brief Communications, Agronomy and Crop Science, Biotechnology, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019
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33. Guidance of zoospores by potassium gradient sensing mediates aggregation

Author: Xavier Noblin, Catherine Etienne, Eric Galiana, Céline Cohen, Philippe Thomen, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, INPHYNI, Nice, France, UMR 1355 ISA Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis (UNSA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), French government, through the UCAJEDI Investments in the Future project managed by the National Research Agency (ANR) under reference number ANR-15-IDEX-01, through the 'Credits Scientifiques Incitatifs' of the University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis and the 'Action Recherche' of the INRA Plant Health and Environment Division., Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut de Physique de Nice (INPHYNI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), ANR-15-IDEX-0001,UCA JEDI,Idex UCA JEDI(2015), and Galiana, Eric
Subjects: Phytophthora, Zoospore, Potassium, Population, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, chemistry.chemical_element, Bioengineering, Biochemistry, Suspension (chemistry), Biomaterials, 03 medical and health sciences, zoospore, Live cell imaging, aggregation, bioconvection, negative chemotaxis, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], education, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Plant roots, Negative chemotaxis, biology, 030306 microbiology, Chemistry, Chemotaxis, Life Sciences–Physics interface, Spores, Fungal, biology.organism_classification, Plume, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft], Biotechnology
Abstract: Biflagellate zoospores of some phytopathogenic Phytophthora species spontaneously aggregate within few minutes in suspension. Depending on species auto-aggregate formation results from bioconvection or from a sequence bioconvection-positive chemotaxis. In this study, we show that P. parasitica zoospores may form aggregates upon application of a K+ gradient in particular geometric arrangements. Based on the use of macro- and microfluidic devices, in addition to time-lapse live imaging both in the vertical and horizontal planes, we defined (i) the spatiotemporal and concentration scale evolution within the gradient in correlation with (ii) cell distribution and (iii) metrics of zoospore motion (velocity, trajectory). The results indicated that K+-induced aggregates result from a single bi-phasic temporal sequence involving negative chemotaxis and then bioconvection in a K+ gradient concentration scale [0-17 mM]. Each K+-sensing cell undergoes a forward-to-backward movement within a threshold range of 1-4mM, thereby forming progressively a swarm. Once a critical population density is achieved zoospores form a plume which undergoes a downward migration leading to aggregate formation on the support surface. We discuss putative sources for K+ gradient generation in natural environment (zoospore population, microbiota, plant roots, soil particles), and implication for events preceding inoculum formation on host plant.
Published: 2019
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34. Medicago truncatula possesses a single Shaker outward K+ channel: functional characterization and roles in planta

Author: Hervé Sentenac, Nicolas Pauly, Manuel Nieves-Cordones, Anne-Aliénor Véry, Isabelle Gaillard, Limin Wang, Julien Thouin, Martin Boeglin, Alice Drain, Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], guard cells, Root hair, outward Shaker channels, 01 natural sciences, transpiration control, root hairs, Nod factor, 03 medical and health sciences, Guard cell, canal à potassium, Medicago truncatula, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Shaker, signal intracellulaire, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, poil radiculaire, Chemistry, K+ transport to shoots, fungi, Xylem, food and beverages, Depolarization, biology.organism_classification, Cell biology, Membrane repolarization, transpiration des feuilles, Nod factor induced electrical signal, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: SUMMARYThe model legume Medicago truncatula possesses a single outward Shaker K+ channel, while Arabidopsis thaliana possesses two channels of this type, named SKOR and GORK, the former having been shown to play a major role in K+ secretion into the xylem sap in the root vasculature and the latter to mediate the efflux of K+ across the guard cell membrane upon stomatal closure. Here we show that the expression pattern of the single M. truncatula outward Shaker channel, which has been named MtGORK, includes the root vasculature, guard cells and root hairs. As shown by patch-clamp experiments on root hair protoplasts, besides the Shaker-type slowly-activating outwardly-rectifying K+ conductance encoded by MtGORK, a second K+-permeable conductance, displaying fast activation and weak rectification, can be expressed by M. truncatula. A KO mutation resulting in absence of MtGORK activity is shown to weakly reduce K+ translocation to shoots, and only in plants engaged in rhizobial symbiosis, but to strongly affect the control of stomatal aperture and transpitational water loss. In legumes, the early electrical signaling pathway triggered by Nod Factor perception is known to comprise a short transient depolarization of the root hair plasma membrane. In absence of MtGORK functional expression, while the rate of the membrane repolarization is shown to be decreased by about 3 times, this defect is without any consequence on infection thread development and nodule production, indicating that the plant capacity to engage rhizobial symbiosis does not require integrity of the early electrical signaling events.
Published: 2019
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35. Next generation biological control – an introduction

Author: Leo W. Beukeboom, Erica Ras, Sophie Le Hesran, Eric Wajnberg, Koppert Biological Systems, Laboratory of Entomology [Wageningen], Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Chercheur indépendant, HExapode, PHysiologie, AssISTance et Objets de Service (HEPHAISTOS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences [Groningen] (GELIFES), University of Groningen [Groningen], European Project: 641456,H2020,H2020-MSCA-ITN-2014,BINGO(2015), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Beukeboom lab, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, predators, Molecular tools, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], efficacy, Biological pest control, natural enemies, 01 natural sciences, Predation, Natural enemies, Laboratory of Entomology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Experimental evolution, induced plant resistance, Parasitoids, efficacy improvement, Ecology, Artificial selection, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Pathogens, artificial selection, Biology, molecular tools, 010603 evolutionary biology, Efficacy improvement, Induced plant defence, Genetic variation, Antagonistic microorganisms, biocontrol, experimental evolution, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, SEX DETERMINATION, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Biocontrol, pathogens, Laboratorium voor Entomologie, parasitoids, antagonistic micro-organisms, GENETIC-IMPROVEMENT, Predators, 010602 entomology, Insect Science, genetic variation, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, RESISTANCE, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019
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36. The Long Noncoding RNA DNM3OS Is a Reservoir of FibromiRs with Major Functions in Lung Fibroblast Response to TGF-β and Pulmonary Fibrosis

Author: Nihal Martis, Virginie Magnone, Franck Broly, Bruno Crestani, Pascal Barbry, Nicolas Nottet, Elisabeth Courcot, Nicolas Pottier, Imène-Sarah Henaoui, Grégoire Savary, Nicolas Pons, Roger Rezzonico, Benoit Wallaert, Bernard Mari, Kevin Lebrigand, Agnès Paquet, Matthieu Buscot, Véronique Hofman, Michael Perrais, François Glowacki, Julien Fassy, Cynthia Van der Hauwaert, Paul Hofman, Charles-Hugo Marquette, Sylvie Leroy, Edmone Dewaeles, Georges Vassaux, Christian L. Lino Cardenas, Andreas Günther, Christelle Cauffiez, Saverio Bellusci, Serena Diazzi, Julie Lemaire, Thierry Brousseau, Laurent Plantier, Impact de l'environnement chimique sur la santé humaine - ULR 4483 (IMPECS), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), FHU OncoAge - Pathologies liées à l’âge [CHU Nice] (OncoAge), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire [UNIV Côte d'Azur] (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Faculté de Médecine H. Warembourg, EA 2679, Institut de pharmacologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IPMC), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis - Faculté de Médecine (UNS UFR Médecine), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), MetaGenoPolis, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Infection bactérienne, inflammation, et carcinogenèse digestive, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-IFR50-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Service de Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Targeted Therapy Laboratory, Section of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Immunité muqueuse et vaccination, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Konrad-Zuse-Zentrum für Informationstechnik Berlin (ZIB), Zuse Institute Berlin (ZIB), AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Biologie et physiopathologie cutanées : expression génique, signalisation et thérapie, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-IFR50-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biochimie Automatisée [Lille] (UF Analyses automatisée de Biochimie), Department of Internal Medicine II [Giessen, Germany] (Cardio-Pulmonary Institute), University of Giessen Lung Center [Giessen, Germany], Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire [UNIV Côte d'Azur] (UPMC)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Faculté de Médecine Henri Warembourg - Université de Lille, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Impact de l'environnement chimique sur la santé humaine (IMPECS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire [UNIV Côte d'Azur] (UPMC), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-IFR50-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS)
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Caveolin 1, Smad Proteins, SMAD, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Transcriptome, 03 medical and health sciences, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Transforming Growth Factor beta, microRNA, Pulmonary fibrosis, medicine, Animals, Myofibroblasts, Wnt Signaling Pathway, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Editorials, Fibroblasts, medicine.disease, Long non-coding RNA, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, 3. Good health, MicroRNAs, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer research, RNA, Long Noncoding, business, Myofibroblast, Transforming growth factor, Signal Transduction
Abstract: Rationale: Given the paucity of effective treatments for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), new insights into the deleterious mechanisms controlling lung fibroblast activation, the key cell type driving the fibrogenic process, are essential to develop new therapeutic strategies. TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β) is the main profibrotic factor, but its inhibition is associated with severe side effects because of its pleiotropic role. Objectives: To determine if downstream noncoding effectors of TGF-β in fibroblasts may represent new effective therapeutic targets whose modulation may be well tolerated. Methods: We investigated the whole noncoding fraction of TGF-β-stimulated lung fibroblast transcriptome to identify new genomic determinants of lung fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts. Differential expression of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) DNM3OS (dynamin 3 opposite strand) and its associated microRNAs (miRNAs) was validated in a murine model of pulmonary fibrosis and in IPF tissue samples. Distinct and complementary antisense oligonucleotide-based strategies aiming at interfering with DNM3OS were used to elucidate the role of DNM3OS and its associated miRNAs in IPF pathogenesis. Measurements and Main Results: We identified DNM3OS as a fibroblast-specific critical downstream effector of TGF-β-induced lung myofibroblast activation. Mechanistically, DNM3OS regulates this process in trans by giving rise to three distinct profibrotic mature miRNAs (i.e., miR-199a-5p/3p and miR-214-3p), which influence SMAD and non-SMAD components of TGF-β signaling in a multifaceted way. In vivo, we showed that interfering with DNM3OS function not only prevents lung fibrosis but also improves established pulmonary fibrosis. Conclusions: Pharmacological approaches aiming at interfering with the lncRNA DNM3OS may represent new effective therapeutic strategies in IPF.
Published: 2019
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37. A critical role for miR-142 in alveolar epithelial lineage formation in mouse lung development

Author: Ana Ivonne Vazquez-Armendariz, Bernard Mari, Indrabahadur Singh, Nicolas Nottet, Rory E. Morty, Amit Shrestha, Cho-Ming Chao, Jochen Wilhelm, Jin San Zhang, Guillermo Barreto, Elie El Agha, Saverio Bellusci, Susanne Herold, Gianni Carraro, Chengshui Chen, Julio Cordero, Wenzhou Medical University [Wenzhou, China] (WMU), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Institut de pharmacologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research (MPI-HLR), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Kazan Federal University (KFU), Department of Internal Medicine II [Giessen, Germany] (Cardio-Pulmonary Institute), University of Giessen Lung Center [Giessen, Germany], Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine [Wenzhou, China], The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University [Wenzhou, China], Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: MAPK/ERK pathway, Organogenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cell Maturation, MESH: Mice, Knockout, Mice, MESH: Respiratory Mucosa, MESH: Animals, Lung, Cells, Cultured, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mice, Knockout, EP300, 0303 health sciences, microRNA-142, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, respiratory system, Cell biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, cardiovascular system, Molecular Medicine, Stem cell, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, circulatory and respiratory physiology, MESH: Cells, Cultured, Beta-catenin, Alveolar Epithelium, Respiratory Mucosa, Biology, MESH: Alveolar Epithelial Cells, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, medicine, Animals, Cell Lineage, MESH: Lung, Progenitor cell, Molecular Biology, MESH: Mice, 030304 developmental biology, Pharmacology, Cell Biology, MESH: Cell Lineage, MicroRNAs, MESH: Organogenesis, Alveolar epithelium, Alveolar Epithelial Cells, biology.protein, Respiratory epithelium, MESH: MicroRNAs
Abstract: International audience; The respiratory epithelium arises from alveolar epithelial progenitors which differentiate into alveolar epithelial type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) cells. AT2 cells are stem cells in the lung critical for the repair process after injury. Mechanisms regulating AT1 and AT2 cell maturation are poorly defined. We report that the activation of the glucocorticoid pathway in an in vitro alveolar epithelial lineage differentiation assay led to increased AT2 marker Sftpc and decreased miR-142 expression. Using miR-142 KO mice, we demonstrate an increase in the AT2/AT1 cell number ratio. Overexpression of miR-142 in alveolar progenitor cells in vivo led to the opposite effect. Examination of the KO lungs at E18.5 revealed enhanced expression of miR-142 targets Apc, Ep300 and Kras associated with increased β-catenin and p-Erk signaling. Silencing of miR-142 expression in lung explants grown in vitro triggers enhanced Sftpc expression as well as increased AT2/AT1 cell number ratio. Pharmacological inhibition of Ep300-β-catenin but not Erk in vitro prevented the increase in Sftpc expression triggered by loss of miR-142. These results suggest that the glucocorticoid-miR-142-Ep300-β-catenin signaling axis controls pneumocyte maturation.
Published: 2019
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38. PGC1α Inhibits Polyamine Synthesis to Suppress Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness

Author: Emilie Jaune, Stephan Clavel, Jean-François Tanti, Frédéric Bost, Nicolas Nottet, Kathiane Laurent, Matthieu Durand, Maeva Dufies, Maeva Gesson, Stéphane Rocchi, Lisa Kaminski, J. F. Michiels, Damien Ambrosetti, Issam Ben-Sahra, Romain Haider, Stéphanie Torrino, Nathalie M. Mazure, Francois Rene Roustan, Zied Djabari, Inserm U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Centre méditerranéen de médecine moléculaire (C3M), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Musee oceanographique de Monaco, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis - Faculté de Médecine (UNS UFR Médecine), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Pasteur [Nice] (CHU), U1065 Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de signalisation, biologie du développement et cancer (ISBDC), Laboratoire des Bio-Indicateurs Actuels et Fossiles (BIAF), Université d'Angers (UA), Northwestern University Chicago, Signalisation moléculaire et obésité, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-IFR50-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Bio-Indicateurs Actuels et Fossiles (BIAF), Northwestern University [Chicago, Ill. USA], and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-IFR50-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Apoptosis, [SDV.BC.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], medicine.disease_cause, Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins, Metastasis, Ornithine decarboxylase, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Prostate cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, Polyamines, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Neoplasm Metastasis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, 80 and over, Dicarboxylic Acid Transporters, Middle Aged, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Prognosis, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha, Mitochondria, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Survival Rate, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Signal Transduction, Mice, Nude, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Biology, Article, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc, 03 medical and health sciences, Downregulation and upregulation, Coactivator, Biomarkers, Tumor, medicine, Animals, Humans, Aged, Cell Proliferation, Prostatic Neoplasms, medicine.disease, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Cancer cell, Cancer research, Polyamine, Carcinogenesis, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Although tumorigenesis is dependent on the reprogramming of cellular metabolism, the metabolic pathways engaged in the formation of metastases remain largely unknown. The transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) plays a pleiotropic role in the control of cancer cell metabolism and has been associated with a good prognosis in prostate cancer. Here, we show that PGC1α represses the metastatic properties of prostate cancer cells via modulation of the polyamine biosynthesis pathway. Mechanistically, PGC1α inhibits the expression of c-MYC and ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1), the rate-limiting enzyme for polyamine synthesis. Analysis of in vivo metastases and clinical data from patients with prostate cancer support the proposition that the PGC1α/c-MYC/ODC1 axis regulates polyamine biosynthesis and prostate cancer aggressiveness. In conclusion, downregulation of PGC1α renders prostate cancer cells dependent on polyamine to promote metastasis. Significance: These findings show that a major regulator of mitochondrial metabolism controls polyamine synthesis and prostate cancer aggressiveness, with potential applications in therapy and identification of new biomarkers.
Published: 2019
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39. Virus epidemics, plant-controlled population bottlenecks and the durability of plant resistance

Author: Frédéric Fabre, Frédéric Grognard, Elsa Rousseau, Benoît Moury, Mélanie Bonneault, Ludovic Mailleret, Station de Pathologie Végétale (AVI-PATHO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Santé et agroécologie du vignoble (SAVE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), ANR-13-BSV7-0011,FunFit,Une approche basée sur les traits d'histoire de vie des champignons phytopathogènes pour faire le lien entre fitness individuelle et stratégies écologiques.(2013), Unité de Pathologie Végétale (PV), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Santé et agroécologie du vignoble (UMR SAVE), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) under grant ANR-13-BSV7-0011 (project FunFit), SMaCH (Sustainable Management of Crop Health) metaprogramme of INRA., Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, quantitative resistance, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], Biology, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Virus, Bottleneck, 03 medical and health sciences, [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, Cultivar, Plant traits, population bottleneck, Epidemics, yield increase, Disease Resistance, Plant Diseases, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Models, Statistical, business.industry, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], fungi, Outbreak, food and beverages, Articles, Plants, 15. Life on land, stochastic epidemic model, qualitative resistance, Biotechnology, Plant Breeding, Population bottleneck, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Viruses, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Epidemic model, business, resistance durability, Virus Physiological Phenomena, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Plant qualitative resistances to viruses are natural exhaustible resources that can be impaired by the emergence of resistance-breaking (RB) virus variants. Mathematical modelling can help determine optimal strategies for resistance durability by a rational deployment of resistance in agroecosystems. Here, we propose an innovative approach, built up from our previous empirical studies, based on plant cultivars combining qualitative resistance with quantitative resistance narrowing population bottlenecks exerted on viruses during host-to-host transmission and/or within-host infection. Narrow bottlenecks are expected to slow down virus adaptation to plant qualitative resistance. To study the effect of bottleneck size on yield, we developed a stochastic epidemic model with mixtures of susceptible and resistant plants, relying on continuous-time Markov chain processes. Overall, narrow bottlenecks are beneficial when the fitness cost of RB virus variants in susceptible plants is intermediate. In such cases, they could provide up to 95 additional percentage points of yield compared with deploying a qualitative resistance alone. As we have shown in previous works that virus population bottlenecks are at least partly heritable plant traits, our results suggest that breeding and deploying plant varieties exposing virus populations to narrowed bottlenecks will increase yield and delay the emergence of RB variants. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Modelling infectious disease outbreaks in humans, animals and plants: approaches and important themes’. This issue is linked with the subsequent theme issue ‘Modelling infectious disease outbreaks in humans, animals and plants: epidemic forecasting and control’.
Published: 2019
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40. Optimal control on a simple model of coffee berry borer infestation

Author: Yves Fotso Fotso, Frédéric Grognard, Suzanne Touzeau, Berge Tsanou, Samuel Bowong, Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire International de Recherche en Informatique et Mathématiques Appliquées (LIRIMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST)-Université Gaston Bergé Sénégal-Université d'Antananarivo-Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo [Ouagadougou] (UJZK)-Université Badji Mokhtar - Annaba [Annaba] (UBMA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Yaoundé I, Faculté des Sciences - Université de Dschang [Cameroun], Université de Dschang, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Dpt of Mathematics and Computer Science [Douala], Université de Douala, EPITAG, Université de Yaoundé I [Yaoundé]-Université Badji Mokhtar - Annaba [Annaba] (UBMA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Ouagadougou-Université d'Antananarivo-Université Gaston Bergé Sénégal-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Yaoundé I-Université Badji Mokhtar Annaba (UBMA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo [Ouagadougou] (UJZK)-Université d'Antananarivo-Université Gaston Bergé Sénégal-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering
Abstract: International audience; Coffee is an important cash crop for many developing countries. Coffee production is affected by many pests. We are particularly interested in the coffee berry borer(CBB) Hypothenemus Hampei, which is considered as the most important pesteconomically. The CBB is a small insect that feeds and reproduces inside the coffee berries, causing considerable damages resulting in a deterioration of the berry quality and reduced yields. Mature females are responsible for the dispersal of the population: they emerge from the berries to colonise and lay their eggs in new berries, while males and juvenile stages remain inside the berries. The main control methods to decrease CBB infestation are pesticides, but also cultural practices, biological control and trapping. Our global aim is to design and assess the efficiency of control strategies, with a focus on alternatives to pesticides.To tackle this issue, we formulated a control problem, based on a dynamicalmodel that describes the CBB infestation of coffee berries and the berry availability during a cropping season. We aim at maximising the yield at the end of the cropping season, while minimising the control costs as well as the CBB population at the end of the season. The first two terms aim at maximising the grower’s profit. The last term is introduced to reduce the CBB infestation for the next season. We give necessary optimality conditions and numerical simulations are provided to illustrate our results.
Published: 2019

41. Modelling and controlling fungus Hemileia vastatrix, a coffee pest

Author: Clotilde Djuikem, Frédéric Grognard, Suzanne Touzeau, Samuel Bowong, Dpt of Mathematics and Computer Science [Douala], Université de Douala, Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire International de Recherche en Informatique et Mathématiques Appliquées (LIRIMA), Université de Yaoundé I [Yaoundé]-Université Badji Mokhtar - Annaba [Annaba] (UBMA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Ouagadougou-Université d'Antananarivo-Université Gaston Bergé Sénégal-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EPITAG, Université de Yaoundé I-Université Badji Mokhtar Annaba (UBMA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo [Ouagadougou] (UJZK)-Université d'Antananarivo-Université Gaston Bergé Sénégal-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST)-Université Gaston Bergé Sénégal-Université d'Antananarivo-Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo [Ouagadougou] (UJZK)-Université Badji Mokhtar - Annaba [Annaba] (UBMA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Yaoundé I, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Gouzé, Jean-Luc
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, [INFO.INFO-AU] Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering
Abstract: International audience; Coffee is the second most important commodity behind oil in the international trade. However its production is affected by several diseases. The coffee leaf rust, a cryptogamic disease caused by the fungus Hemileia vastatrix, is the most serious leaf disease known to date. It causes damages that induce severe yield losses (up to 50%). Its control mainly relies on cultural practices and fungicides, which have limited efficiency and harmful ecological impact.Our goal is to estimate the damages caused by H. vastatrix and to control the disease. We formulate and study a spatio-temporal model for the propagation of H. vastatrix on a coffee tree. The model takes into account the logistic growth of young branches, the seasonal production of flowers or berries and the diffusion of urediniospores. We then introduce an integrate chemical and physical controls. Numerical simulations are performed using non-standard methods for partial differential equations to illustrate and validate theoretical results.
Published: 2019

42. Peer Community In: A free process for the recommendation of unpublished scientific papers based on peer review

Author: Guillemaud, Thomas, Facon, Benoit, Bourguet, Denis, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical (UMR PVBMT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Réunion (UR), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Open science, business.industry, Process (engineering), [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Internet privacy, Information access, preprint, review, Transparency (behavior), Publishing, Political science, Conventional PCI, open science, public recommendation, The Internet, Economic model, business, Peer
Abstract: International audience; The current system of scientific publication is faced with several serious problems: its cost and lack of transparency and the long time from the obtainment of scientific results to their publication. We also believe that the economic model on which the current publishing system is based perverts the system. We have created Peer Community In (PCI)—https://peercommunityin.org/ ; https://youtu.be/4PZhpnc8wwo—to tackle all these problems. This project is based on the publication of critical evaluations and recommendations of articles that have not yet been published, but are freely available in electronic form from open archives on the Internet, in which they have been deposited. These evaluations and recommendations are performed by researchers acting on a voluntary basis with no links to private publishers. Publication costs disappear: PCI validates, distributes and allows consultation of the articles submitted free of charge. The time lag to information access is eliminated: the scientific articles evaluated are deposited in open archives as soon as they are written. The system becomes transparent: reviews, editorial decisions, authors’ responses and recommendations are published on the website of the scientific community concerned (e.g. PCI Evolutionary Biology, PCI Ecology, PCI Paleontology…)
Published: 2019
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43. Influence of the components of propagule pressure, Allee effects, and stochasticity on the time to establish introduced populations

Author: Nicolas Bajeux, Ludovic Mailleret, Frédéric Grognard, Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Manitoba [Winnipeg], Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), rench Agence Nationale de la Recherche 664 (ANR) ANR-13-BSV7-0011, SPE department of INRA (project ABCD), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Statistics and Probability, Colonization, Population Dynamics, Population, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], Biology, Models, Biological, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, 0302 clinical medicine, Propagule, [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, Statistics, Animals, 14. Life underwater, education, Ecosystem, Allee effect, Population Density, Stochastic Processes, education.field_of_study, General Immunology and Microbiology, Impulsive differential equations, Applied Mathematics, Propagule pressure, General Medicine, 030104 developmental biology, Mean first passage time, Modeling and Simulation, symbols, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], First-hitting-time model, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Biological invasion, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Forecasting whether individuals of an introduced population will succeed to establish is a challenge in invasion and conservation biology. The present work aims to decouple the impact of the components of propagule pressure on the time for population establishment in the presence of Allee effects and stochasticity in propagule sizes. The mean first passage time (MFPT) for a population to reach a viable size is used as a measure of the establishment success for the introduction processes involving periodic introductions. By fixing the introduction rate (mean number of introduced individuals per unit time) and varying the period of introduction from small ranges (small and frequent introductions) to large ones (infrequent and large releases), we study the influence of introduction distribution over time. These patterns of introduction are compared in a semi-stochastic model by observing which factors minimize the MFPT from an initially absent population, and hence, ensure the fastest population establishment. We investigate the influence on these minima of the introduction rate, variability in the introduction sizes, and occurrence of catastrophes that temporarily wipe out the population. Whereas most investigated cases show that infrequent and large introductions favor population establishment as expected, small and frequent introductions are preferred when the introduction rate is large and/or the variability in the introduction size is strong. Moreover, we observed counterintuitively that catastrophes strongly increase MFPT at small periods of introduction. In addition, we showed that stochasticity in introduction tends to increase the MFPT except when the introduction rate is small and introductions are evenly spread out in time.
Published: 2019
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44. Physiological and genetic changes during natural senescence of Medicago truncatula root nodules

Author: Annie Lambert, Samira Smiti-Aschi, Sarra El Msehli, Julie Hopkins, Didier Hérouart, Eric Boncompagni, Pierre Frendo, Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis (FST), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Microscopy and Analytical Biochemistry Platforms - Sophia Agrobiotech Institute - INRA 1355-UNS-CNRS 7254-INRA PACA., IMAGEEN program from the European Communities, and Tunisian government (bourse d'alternance)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Senescence, 0303 health sciences, Root nodule, biology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Soil Science, Plant Science, nodule gene expression, biological nitrogen fixation, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Medicago truncatula, natural nodule senescence, leghemoglobin, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, Nitrogen fixation, Leghemoglobin, 030304 developmental biology, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Under nitrogen-limiting conditions, legumes are able to form a symbiotic interaction with bacteria of the Rhizobiaceae family to produce root nodules. These new root organs satisfy plant nitrogen needs by reducing atmospheric nitrogen to ammonium. However, the senescence of these organs disturbs the assimilation of nitrogen. In this study, we present different histological, biochemical, and genetic markers of the natural nodule senescence in Medicago truncatula over a 10-week period following bacterial inoculation. During aging the length and the weight of nodules increased, whereas the nitrogen-fixing capacity of the nodules decreased. The development of the nodule senescence zone correlated with a reduction in leghemoglobin levels without significant reduction in the total protein concentration of the nodule. In contrast, no difference in glutathione and homoglutathione concentration was detected at the onset of senescence at 6 and 8 weeks after bacterial infection. Furthermore, we observed a significant decrease in the relative transcription levels of Nodule Cysteine Rich 001, MtLb1, sucrose synthase 1, thioredoxin S1 and thioredoxin S2 genes, which are involved in nodule development and functioning, thus demonstrating that natural senescence impacts the transcription of genes involved in the expansion and the metabolism of the nitrogen-fixing zone. Finally, the induction of amine oxidase and cysteine protease CP6 transcription was unstable, suggesting that these two genes are related to senescence but are not robust gene markers of the natural senescence process. Considered together, our results define novel biochemical and genetic markers for natural nodule senescence and show that leghemoglobin gene transcription and protein concentration are robust markers that closely correlate with nitrogen fixation efficiency.
Published: 2019
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45. Varying the spatial arrangement of synthetic herbivore-induced plant volatiles and companion plants to improve conservation biological control

Author: Qingxuan Xu, Da Xiao, Ricardo Ramirez-Romero, Su Wang, Xiaojun Guo, Nicolas Desneux, Coline C. Jaworski, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Universidad de Guadalajara, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Management on Fruit Disease and Pests in North China BZ0432, International Joint Research Program of BAAFS GJHZ2016, Youth Scientific Research Funds of Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences QNJJ201725, National Key Research and Development Program of China 2017YFD0201000, Beijing Science and Technology Program D171100001617003, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Integrated pest management, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biological pest control, Biology, natural enemies, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, attract-and-reward, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Natural enemies, foraging behaviour, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Herbivore, Ecology, integrated pest management, semiochemicals, synomone, 15. Life on land, methyl salicylate, 010602 entomology, herbivore-induced plant volatile, chemistry, Methyl salicylate, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: International audience; 1. Conservation biological control aims to control pests by promoting wild populations of natural enemies. One challenge is to attract and retain efficient natural enemies in crop fields, which often are a suboptimal environment. Towards this goal, the attract-and-reward strategy relies on combining attractive synthetically produced herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) with companion plants (non-crop plants which provide alternative resources to the targeted natural enemies). Although severely overlooked, the spatial arrangement of HIPV dispensers and rewards inside crop fields may strongly influence the foraging behaviour and persistence of natural enemies and thus the success of this pest management strategy.2. We tested the impact of two contrasting spatial arrangements of HIPV dispensers and rewards, alternatively inside and around a block of target apple trees, on the efficacy of the biological control of Aphis citricola populations by the common predatory ladybird Propylea japonica in apple orchards in northern China. We used synthetic methyl salicylate (MeSA) as an attractant and the companion plant Calendula officinalis as a reward. To better understand how the spatial arrangement of MeSA dispensers and companion plants affected the attraction and foraging behaviour of adult ladybirds, we conducted indoor experiments in a flight mill, an olfactometer and a wind-tunnel.3. Blocks of target trees treated with MeSA dispensers inside and companion plants around provided the most efficient pest control in orchards, compared with the opposite spatial arrangement.4. The synthetic MeSA dispenser and the companion plant synergistically attracted ladybirds in the olfactometer and enhanced their flight activity in the flight mill. In the wind-tunnel, MeSA served as a spatial cue for ladybirds to find nearby prey, while companion plants were sought in the absence of prey.5. Synthesis and applications. The present study will help further improvements of aphid control in apple orchards through a careful spatial arrangement of herbivore-induced plant volatiles dispensers (HIPVs) and rewards (companion plants) in optimized attract-and-reward strategies. Without such assessment, these strategies may be hazardous even with well-identified targeted natural enemies. Associated lab experiments highlight that HIPVs and companion plants interactively influence ladybird foraging pattern, and that their spatial arrangement can modulate the ability of such key predators to find their prey. KEYWORDS attract-and-reward, foraging behaviour, integrated pest management, methyl salicylate, natural enemies, semiochemicals,synomone How to cite this article: Jaworski CC, Xiao D, Xu Q, et al. Varying the spatial arrangement of synthetic herbivore-induced plant volatiles and companion plants to improve conservation biological control. J Appl Ecol. 2019;00:1-13.
Published: 2019
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46. Modelling, control, and optimization for tropical agriculture

Author: Frédéric Grognard, Israël Tankam Chedjou, Yves Fotso Fotso, Suzanne Touzeau, Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire International de Recherche en Informatique et Mathématiques Appliquées (LIRIMA), Université de Yaoundé I [Yaoundé]-Université Badji Mokhtar - Annaba [Annaba] (UBMA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Ouagadougou-Université d'Antananarivo-Université Gaston Bergé Sénégal-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), Université de Yaoundé I [Yaoundé], Unité de modélisation mathématique et informatique des systèmes complexes [Bondy] (UMMISCO), Institut de la francophonie pour l'informatique-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Université Gaston Bergé (Saint-Louis, Sénégal)-Universtié Yaoundé 1 [Cameroun]-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Université de Dschang, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EPITAG, Gouzé, Jean-Luc, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST)-Université Gaston Bergé Sénégal-Université d'Antananarivo-Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo [Ouagadougou] (UJZK)-Université Badji Mokhtar - Annaba [Annaba] (UBMA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Yaoundé I, Université de Yaoundé I, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord])-Institut de la francophonie pour l'informatique-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Université Gaston Bergé (Saint-Louis, Sénégal)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université de Yaoundé I-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Yaoundé I-Université Badji Mokhtar Annaba (UBMA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo [Ouagadougou] (UJZK)-Université d'Antananarivo-Université Gaston Bergé Sénégal-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), Université de Yaoundé I-Institut de la francophonie pour l'informatique-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Université Gaston Bergé (Saint-Louis, Sénégal)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Faculté des Sciences - Université de Dschang [Cameroun], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, [MATH.MATH-DS] Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], [MATH.MATH-OC] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], [INFO.INFO-AU] Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering
Abstract: International audience; Agriculture plays a major role in the economy of many developing countries, providing export revenues, food and employment. As pests are responsible for severe crop losses every year, their control is a major issue. It often relies on chemical pesticides, which are often costly and detrimental to the environment, so alternative solutions are sought. In this talk, we tackle this issue by designing ecologically friendly controls for two pathosystems: the phytophagous plantain nematode, which attacks plant roots, and the coffee berry borer, which feeds and reproduce in the berries. In both cases, the yield is maximized in order to be economically viable. An efficient method to reduce the nematode population in the soil consists in having fallow periods between cropping seasons. We developed an ODE/hybrid seasonal model for the nematode--root dynamics [1] and we exploit it in the present work to globally optimize the duration of the fallow periods, which potentially vary from one year to the other. For the coffee berry borer, we study how the persistent effect of entomopathogenic fungi can impact the optimal yield, compared to non-persistent controls obtained on a single season ODE model of the berry--borer dynamics [2]. Moreover, we extend our results to a seasonal framework, as for the plantain--nematode pathosystem.[1] I. Tankam Chedjou, S. Touzeau, F. Grognard, L. Mailleret, J.-J. Tewa. An agricultural control of Radopholus similis in banana plantations, 11th ECMTB, Lisbon, Portugal, 2018.[2] Y. Fotso Fotso, S. Touzeau, S. Bowong, F. Grognard, L. Mailleret, B. Tsanou. Modelling and control of coffee berry borer infestation, 11th ECMTB, Lisbon, Portugal, 2018.
Published: 2019

47. Modélisation et contrôle en épidémiologie de cultures tropicales : application aux nématodes phytoparasites du bananier plantain et aux scolytes du caféier

Author: Suzanne Touzeau, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire International de Recherche en Informatique et Mathématiques Appliquées (LIRIMA), Université de Yaoundé I-Université Badji Mokhtar Annaba (UBMA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo [Ouagadougou] (UJZK)-Université d'Antananarivo-Université Gaston Bergé Sénégal-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), EPITAG, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Yaoundé I [Yaoundé]-Université Badji Mokhtar - Annaba [Annaba] (UBMA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Ouagadougou-Université d'Antananarivo-Université Gaston Bergé Sénégal-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST)-Université Gaston Bergé Sénégal-Université d'Antananarivo-Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo [Ouagadougou] (UJZK)-Université Badji Mokhtar - Annaba [Annaba] (UBMA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Yaoundé I
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

48. Adverse effects of Bacillus thuringiensis bioinsecticide on non-target Drosophila species 1

Author: Babin, Aurélie, Nawrot-Esposito, Marie-Paule, Gatti $, Jean-Luc, Poirie, Marylène, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: longevity, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], fungi, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Bacillus thuringiensis, toxicity, Drosophila, offspring number, non-intentional effects, development, biopesticide, ecotoxicology, fitness
Abstract: Biopesticides based on Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Btk) and israelensis (Bti) spores and toxins are widely used to control insect pests, increasing environmental risks to non-target biodiversity. Here, we tested for potential effects of larval ingestion of Bt commercial formulations on Drosophila species. Doses equivalent to those recommended for field application (⩽10^6 CFU/g of fly medium) had no effect whereas Btk doses 10 to 100-fold higher (10^7-10^8 CFU/g) altered the development (decreased emergence due to larval mortality and increased development time), and moderately influenced adult fitness-related traits. At the highest Btk and Bti dose (10^9 CFU/g), all larvae died before pupation. The impact of Btk formulations resulted from the spores/cleaved toxins synergy, but also additives. While recommended doses had no effect on non-target Drosophila species, the accumulation of Bt bioinsecticides in the environment could have adverse side-effects on the populations of these species and therefore their associated communities.
Published: 2019
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49. Transcriptomic analysis of Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells resistant to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ca toxin reveals that extracellular Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and production of cAMP are involved in toxicity

Author: David Pauron, Claude Castella, Van Tran Trang, Nathalie Zucchini-Pascal, Armel Gallet, Frédérique Hilliou, Pierre Barbero, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Barbero, Pierre, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: QH301-705.5, Science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Sf9, Biology, Spodoptera, medicine.disease_cause, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, resistance, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Extracellular, Biology (General), Mode of action, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Pore-forming toxin, sf9 cells, Toxin, fungi, toxins, bacillus thuringiensis, cry1ca, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Transcriptomic, Cell culture, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Intracellular, Research Article
Abstract: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) produces pore forming toxins that have been used for pest control in agriculture for many years. However, their molecular and cellular mode of action is still unclear. While a first model – referred to as the pore forming model – is the most widely accepted scenario, a second model proposed that toxins could trigger an Mg2+-dependent intracellular signalling pathway leading to cell death. Although Cry1Ca has been shown to form ionic pores in the plasma membrane leading to cell swelling and death, we investigated the existence of other cellular or molecular events involved in Cry1Ca toxicity. The Sf9 insect cell line, derived from Spodoptera frugiperda, is highly and specifically sensitive to Cry1Ca. Through a selection program we developed various levels of laboratory-evolved Cry1Ca-resistant Sf9 cell lines. Using a specific S. frugiperda microarray we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis between sensitive and resistant cells and revealed genes differentially expressed in resistant cells and related to cation-dependent signalling pathways. Ion chelators protected sensitive cells from Cry1Ca toxicity suggesting the necessity of both Ca2+ and/or Mg2+ for toxin action. Selected cells were highly resistant to Cry1Ca while toxin binding onto their plasma membrane was not affected. This suggested a resistance mechanism different from the classical ‘loss of toxin binding’. We observed a correlation between Cry1Ca cytotoxicity and the increase of intracellular cAMP levels. Indeed, Sf9 sensitive cells produced high levels of cAMP upon toxin stimulation, while Sf9 resistant cells were unable to increase their intracellular cAMP. Together, these results provide new information about the mechanism of Cry1Ca toxicity and clues to potential resistance factors yet to discover., Summary: Insect cell lines sensitive and resistant to entomopathogenic toxins were developed. Comparative transcriptomic analysis performed on these cell lines provides new information about mechanisms of toxins toxicity.
Published: 2019
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50. Impact of host endosymbionts on parasitoid host range — from mechanisms to communities

Author: Enric Frago, Yannick Outreman, Nicolas Desneux, Lucie S. Monticelli, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical (UMR PVBMT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Réunion (UR), European Commission, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, 611810, Marie-Curie F7-IRSES Action, Regional Council of Reunion, the Departmental Council of the Region Reunion, European Project: 611810,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IRSES,APHIWEB(2014), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Insecta, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biological pest control, 01 natural sciences, Parasitoid, specialization, Natural enemies, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, symbionts, media_common, Larva, Appetitive Behavior, Ecology, ervi, Parasitoïde, protection, L20 - Écologie animale, L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux, Ecology (disciplines), media_common.quotation_subject, Biology, Bacterial Physiological Phenomena, 010603 evolutionary biology, Competition (biology), diversity, host range [EN], resistance, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.SA.STA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Sciences and technics of agriculture, evolution, Animals, Symbiosis, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Bacteria, Host (biology), facultative endosymbionts, fungi, pea aphid, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, infection, 030104 developmental biology, Insect Science, Evolutionary ecology, Écologie animale, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: International audience; In insects, bacterial endosymbionts are known to influence the ecology of their hosts by modifying interactions with natural enemies such as parasitoids. Symbionts can modulate both parasitoid behavioral and/or physiological traits as well as host behaviors and life-history traits. Together these suggest that endosymbionts may impact the host range of parasitoids. For example, endosymbionts may narrow parasitoid host range through first, reducing parasitoid ability to locate hosts and/or larval survival, second, affecting fitness traits of the emerging adult parasitoid and/or third, modulating the outcome of interference and exploitative competition between parasitoid species. From both a fundamental and applied point of view, these symbiotic effects would influence the ecology and evolution of parasitoids and associated population-level processes and ecosystem services (e.g. biocontrol).
Published: 2019
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