96 results on '"Aguiar CA"'
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2. Antimicrobial activity of propolis from Beira Alta (Portugal) and analysis of the toxicity mechanism in fungi
- Author
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Marques, RA, primary, Baltazar, F, additional, Cunha, A, additional, Oliveira, R, additional, and Aguiar, CA, additional
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- 2014
- Full Text
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3. Characterization of antitumor and antiangiogenic properties of Pereiro propolis
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Carvalho, RS, primary, Miranda-Gonçalves, V, additional, Ferreira, AM, additional, Cardoso, SM, additional, Sobral, AJFN, additional, Aguiar, CA, additional, and Baltazar, F, additional
- Published
- 2014
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4. Portuguese propolis: Genotoxic, phytotoxic and protective effects against oxidative stress
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Pereira, H, primary, Ferreira, AM, additional, Aguiar, CA, additional, Oliveira, R, additional, and Cunha, A, additional
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- 2014
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5. Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of propolis ethanol extracts from Terceira Island (Azores, Portugal)
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Lourenço, T, primary, Oliveira, T, additional, Ferreira, AM, additional, Oliveira, R, additional, Bento, F, additional, Geraldo, D, additional, Aguiar, CA, additional, and Cunha, A, additional
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- 2014
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6. Arsenic content in Portland cement: A literature review
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Tenorio de Franca Talita, da Silva Raphaela, Sedycias de Queiroz Michellini, and Aguiar Carlos
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Arsenic ,dentistry ,Portland cement ,Dentistry ,RK1-715 - Abstract
Portland cement (PC) is a hydraulic binding material widely used in the building industry. The main interest in its use in dentistry is focused on a possible alternative to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) because PC is less expensive and is widely available. In dentistry, PC has been used in dental procedures such as pulpotomy, pulp capping, repair of root perforation and root-end filling. The purpose of this article is review the dental literature about the PC, its composition with special attention to arsenic content, properties, and application in dentistry. A bibliographic research was performed in Bireme, PubMed, LILACS and Scopus data bases looking for national and international studies about the PC composition, properties and clinical use. It was observed that PC has favorable biological properties very similar to those of MTA. The PC has shown good cell proliferation induction with formation of a monolayer cell, satisfactory inflammatory response, inhibitory effect of prostaglandin and antimicrobial effect. Studies have shown that PC is not cytotoxic, stimulates the apposition of reparative dentin and permits cellular attachment and growth. Regarding arsenic presence, its levels and release are low. PC has physical, chemical and biological properties similar to MTA. Arsenic levels and release are low, therefore, unable to cause toxic effects.
- Published
- 2010
7. Emigracion de recursos humanos calificados y el ajuste en el mercado de empleo del Uruguay
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Aguiar CA
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brain drain, labour market, Uruguay, emigration, trend, demographic aspect, educational level, occupation, employment status, emigrant, labour force participation, working conditions, construction industry, leather industry, printing industry, employment policy, bibliography, statistical table, exode des cerveaux, marché du travail, Uruguay, éxodo de talentos, mercado de trabajo, Uruguay, émigration, tendance, aspect démographique, niveau d'enseignement, profession, statut dans l'emploi, émigrant, taux d'activité, conditions de travail, bâtiment et travaux publics, industrie du cuir, imprimerie, politique de l'emploi, bibliographie, tableau statistique, emigración, tendencia, aspecto demográfico, nivel educativo, ocupación, situación ocupacional, emigrante, tasa de actividad de mano de obra, condiciones de trabajo, industria de la construcción, industria del cuero, industrias gráficas, política de empleo, bibliografía, cuadros estadísticos - Abstract
ILO pub. Working paper, case study of the impact of brain drain on the labour market in Uruguay - considers emigration trends, demographic aspects, educational level, occupation and employment status of emigrants; examines concurrent labour force participation and working conditions in Uruguay, partic. In the construction industry, leather industry and printing industry; discusses employment policy measures to reduce negative effects. Bibliography, statistical tables.
- Published
- 1984
8. Mitral annular disjunction in myxomatous mitral valve disease: a relevant abnormality recognizable by transthoracic echocardiography
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Gouveia Raquel, Rodrigues Rui, Aguiar Carlos, Andrade Maria J, Carmo Pedro, and Silva José A
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Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Abstract Background Mitral annular disjunction (MAD) consists of an altered spatial relation between the left atrial wall, the attachment of the mitral leaflets, and the top of the left ventricular (LV) free wall, manifested as a wide separation between the atrial wall-mitral valve junction and the top of the LV free wall. Originally described in association with myxomatous mitral valve disease, this abnormality was recently revisited by a surgical group that pointed its relevance for mitral valve reparability. The aims of this study were to investigate the echocardiographic prevalence of mitral annular disjunction in patients with myxomatous mitral valve disease, and to characterize the clinical profile and echocardiographic features of these patients. Methods We evaluated 38 patients with myxomatous mitral valve disease (mean age 57 ± 15 years; 18 females) and used standard transthoracic echocardiography for measuring the MAD. Mitral annular function, assessed by end-diastolic and end-systolic annular diameters, was compared between patients with and without MAD. We compared the incidence of arrhythmias in a subset of 21 patients studied with 24-hour Holter monitoring. Results MAD was present in 21 (55%) patients (mean length: 7.4 ± 8.7 mm), and was more common in women (61% vs 38% in men; p = 0.047). MAD patients more frequently presented chest pain (43% vs 12% in the absence of MAD; p = 0.07). Mitral annular function was significantly impaired in patients with MAD in whom the mitral annular diameter was paradoxically larger in systole than in diastole: the diastolic-to-systolic mitral annular diameter difference was -4,6 ± 4,7 mm in these patients vs 3,4 ± 1,1 mm in those without MAD (p < 0.001). The severity of MAD significantly correlated with the occurrence of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) on Holter monitoring: MAD›8.5 mm was a strong predictor for (NSVT), (area under ROC curve = 0.74 (95% CI, 0.5-0.9); sensitivity 67%, specificity 83%). There were no differences between groups regarding functional class, severity of mitral regurgitation, LV volumes, and LV systolic function. Conclusions MAD is a common finding in myxomatous mitral valve disease patients, easily recognizable by transthoracic echocardiography. It is more prevalent in women and often associated with chest pain. MAD significantly disturbs mitral annular function and when severe predicts the occurrence of NSVT.
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- 2010
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9. Evaluation of HIV protease and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors on proliferation, necrosis, apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells and electrolyte and water transport and epithelial barrier function in mice
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Braga Neto Manuel B, Aguiar Carolina V, Maciel Jamilly G, Oliveira Bruna MC, Sevilleja Jesus E, Oriá Reinaldo B, Brito Gerly AC, Warren Cirle A, Guerrant Richard L, and Lima Aldo AM
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Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Abstract Background Protease inhibitors (PI's) and reverse transcriptase drugs are important components of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for treating human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Long-term clinical therapeutic efficacy and treatment compliance of these agents have been limited by undesirable side-effects, such as diarrhea. This study aims to investigate the effects of selected antiretroviral agents on intestinal histopathology and function in vivo and on cell proliferation and death in vitro. Methods Selected antiretroviral drugs were given orally over 7 days, to Swiss mice, as follows: 100 mg/kg of nelfinavir (NFV), indinavir (IDV), didanosine (DDI) or 50 mg/kg of zidovudine (AZT). Intestinal permeability measured by lactulose and mannitol assays; net water and electrolyte transport, in perfused intestinal segments; and small intestinal morphology and cell apoptosis were assessed in treated and control mice. In vitro cell proliferation was evaluated using the WST-1 reagent and apoptosis and necrosis by flow cytometry analysis. Results NFV, IDV, AZT and DDI caused significant reductions in duodenal and in jejunal villus length (p < 0.05). IDV and AZT increased crypt depth in the duodenum and AZT increased crypt depth in the jejunum. NFV, AZT and DDI significantly decreased ileal crypt depth. All selected antiretroviral drugs significantly increased net water secretion and electrolyte secretion, except for DDI, which did not alter water or chloride secretion. Additionally, only NFV significantly increased mannitol and lactulose absorption. NFV and IDV caused a significant reduction in cell proliferation in vitro at both 24 h and 48 h. DDI and AZT did not alter cell proliferation. There was a significant increase in apoptosis rates in IEC-6 cells after 24 h with 70 ug/mL of NFV (control: 4.7% vs NFV: 22%) while IDV, AZT and DDI did not show any significant changes in apoptosis compared to the control group. In jejunal sections, IDV and NFV significantly increased the number of TUNEL positive cells. Conclusion The PI's, NFV and IDV, increased cell apoptosis in vivo, water and electrolyte secretion and intestinal permeability and decreased villus length and cell proliferation. NFV was the only drug tested that increased cell apoptosis in vitro. The nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, AZT and DDI, did not affect cell apoptosis or proliferation. These findings may partly explain the intestinal side-effects associated with PI's.
- Published
- 2010
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10. Subacute left ventricle free wall rupture after acute myocardial infarction: awareness of the clinical signs and early use of echocardiography may be life-saving
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Canada Manuel, Abecasis Miguel, Couto Rute, Aguiar Carlos, Ferreira Jorge, Andrade Maria, Raposo Luís, Jalles-Tavares Nuno, and da Silva José
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Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Abstract Left ventricular free wall rupture (LVFWR) is a fearful complication of acute myocardial infarction in which a swift diagnosis and emergency surgery can be crucial for successful treatment. Because a significant number of cases occur subacutely, clinicians should be aware of the risk factors, clinical features and diagnostic criteria of this complication. We report the case of a 69 year-old man in whom a subacute left ventricular free wall rupture (LVFWR) was diagnosed 7 days after an inferior myocardial infarction with late reperfusion therapy. An asymptomatic 3 to 5 mm saddle-shaped ST-segment elevation in anterior and lateral leads, detected on a routine ECG, led to an urgent bedside echocardiogram which showed basal inferior-wall akinesis, a small echodense pericardial effusion and a canalicular tract from endo to pericardium, along the interface between the necrotic and normal contracting myocardium, trough which power-Doppler examination suggested blood crossing the myocardial wall. A cardiac MRI further reinforced the possibility of contained LVFWR and a surgical procedure was undertaken, confirming the diagnosis and allowing the successful repair of the myocardial tear. This case illustrates that subacute LVFWR provides an opportunity for intervention. Recognition of the diversity of presentation and prompt use of echocardiography may be life-saving.
- Published
- 2006
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11. Feasibility of performing the 3-minute step test with remote supervision in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis: A comparative study.
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Vendrusculo FM, da Costa GA, Bagatini MA, Lemes BMHM, Faria CA, de Oliveira LC, Aquino EDS, and Donadio MVF
- Abstract
Importance: The 3-min step test is a simple option to monitor submaximal exercise capacity, although its use via remote video monitoring has not been investigated in children with cystic fibrosis (CF)., Objective: This study aimed to assess the feasibility and reproducibility of performing the 3-min step test with remote supervision., Methods: A cross-sectional study including CF patients (6-18 years) from two CF services were performed. Demographic, anthropometric, clinical, and lung function data were collected and two 3-min step tests were performed: (i) in-person supervision, and (ii) remotely supervised by video monitoring. Before and after the tests, heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SpO
2 ), and the Borg score for dyspnea and lower limb fatigue were monitored., Results: Twenty-three patients (10.7 ± 3.7 years) with a mean FEV1 of 89.5% ± 23.2% were included. There were no significant differences between tests, with mean differences (95% confidence intervals) in final HR of -3.3 (-8.9, 2.4), change in HR of -1.9 (-6.1, 2.1), final SpO2 of 0.3 (-0.4, 1.0), and final dyspnea of 0.1 (-0.8, 0.9). The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.852 (final HR), 0.762 (final SpO2 ), and 0.775 (final lower limb fatigue). Significant and moderate correlations were found between tests for final HR ( r = 0.75), change in HR ( r = 0.61), and final SpO2 ( r = 0.61). The Bland-Altman analysis showed a mean difference in final SpO2 between tests of 0.3% (limit of agreement -3.0%, 3.5%)., Interpretation: Physiological responses between tests were similar, indicating it was feasible to perform the 3-min step test with remote supervision in CF children., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (© 2024 Chinese Medical Association. Pediatric Investigation published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Futang Research Center of Pediatric Development.)- Published
- 2024
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12. An Unusual Cause of Dysphagia.
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Tomé S, Almeida J, Pereira VC, Pinto LV, Ramalho J, Engenheiro G, Carvalho J, and Branco CA
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- Humans, Deglutition Disorders etiology
- Published
- 2023
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13. New treatments for rare bone diseases: hypophosphatemic rickets/osteomalacia.
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Marques JVO, Moreira CA, and Borba VZC
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- Child, Adult, Humans, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Phosphorus metabolism, Phosphorus therapeutic use, Phosphates, Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets drug therapy, Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets metabolism, Osteomalacia drug therapy
- Abstract
Phosphorus is one of the most abundant minerals in the human body; it is required to maintain bone integrity and mineralization, in addition to other biological processes. Phosphorus is regulated by parathyroid hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D
3 [1,25(OH)2 D3 ], and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) in a complex set of processes that occur in the gut, skeleton, and kidneys. Different molecular mechanisms - overproduction of FGF-23 by tumors responsible for oncogenic osteomalacia, generation of an FGF-23 mutant that is resistant to cleavage by enzymes, and impaired FGF-23 degradation due to a reduction in or loss of the PHEX gene - can lead to FGF-23-stimulating activity and the consequent waste of urinary phosphate and low levels of 1,25(OH)2 D3 . Conventional treatment consists of multiple daily doses of oral phosphate salts and vitamin D analogs, which may improve radiographic rickets but do not normalize growth. Complications of the conventional long-term treatment consist of hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, impaired renal function, and potentially chronic kidney disease. Recently, burosumab, an antibody against FGF-23, was approved as a novel therapy for children and adults with X-linked hypophosphatemia and patients with tumor-induced osteomalacia. Burosumab showed good performance in different trials in children and adults. It increased and sustained the serum phosphorus levels, decreased the rickets severity and pain scores, and improved mineralization. It offers a new perspective on the treatment of chronic and disabling diseases.- Published
- 2022
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14. Stress fractures.
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da Rocha Lemos Costa TM, Borba VZC, Correa RGP, and Moreira CA
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- Humans, Female, Risk Factors, Bone and Bones, Calcium, Dietary, Magnetic Resonance Imaging adverse effects, Fractures, Stress diagnosis, Fractures, Stress etiology, Fractures, Stress therapy
- Abstract
Stress fractures (SF) represent 10%-20% of all injuries in sport medicine. An SF occurs when abnormal and repetitive loading is applied on normal bone: The body cannot adapt quickly enough, leading to microdamage and fracture. The etiology is multifactorial with numerous risk factors involved. Diagnosis of SF can be achieved by identifying intrinsic and extrinsic factors, obtaining a good history, performing a physical exam, and ordering laboratory and imaging studies (magnetic resonance imaging is the current gold standard). Relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) is a known risk factor. In addition, for women, it is very important know the menstrual status to identify long periods of amenorrhea in the past and the present. Early detection is important to improve the chance of symptom resolution with conservative treatment. Common presentation involves complaints of localized pain, with or without swelling, and tenderness on palpation of bony structures that begins earlier in training and progressively worsens with activity over a 2- to 3-week period. Appropriate classification of SF based on type, location, grading, and low or high risk is critical in guiding treatment strategies and influencing the time to return to sport. Stress injuries at low-risk sites are typically managed conservatively. Studies have suggested that calcium and vitamin D supplementation might be helpful. Moreover, other treatment regimens are not well established. Understanding better the pathophysiology of SFs and the potential utility of current and future bone-active therapeutics may well yield approaches that could treat SFs more effectively.
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- 2022
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15. Incidence of fractures and clinical profile of patients following up at a Fracture Liaison Service in the city of Curitiba.
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Inácio AM, Marques LLM, Borba VZC, and Moreira CA
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- Hospitalization, Humans, Incidence, Secondary Prevention methods, Bone Density Conservation Agents therapeutic use, Osteoporosis complications, Osteoporosis drug therapy, Osteoporosis epidemiology, Osteoporotic Fractures prevention & control
- Abstract
Background: Osteoporotic fractures are common, and their incidence are increasing worldwide. The first fracture doubles the risk of new fractures. Despite that, up to 80% of patients with a fragility fracture are evaluated or treated to reduce the risk of new fractures., Aims: To evaluate the results of the operation of the hospital Fracture Liaison Service (FLS) and to analyze the clinical characteristics of the patients attending the service in its first 2 years of operation and to estimate the fracture risk reduction ratio., Methods: The FLS managed patients older than 50 years who were admitted with a low-energy trauma fracture between January 2017 and April 2018. This management consists in a full medical evaluation, nutritional and physical activity guidance, and specific osteoporosis treatment, if needed., Results: We monitored and treated 135 patients. Forty percent of them had a previous fracture and only 20.3% of them received treatment to prevent new fractures. On Kaplan-Meier analysis, the estimated incidence of new fractures over 24 months was 12.1% (95% CI 7.2-20.8%), indicating that the percentage of patients without new fractures due to bone fragility during treatment was estimated at 87.9% (95% CI 79.2-92.8%)., Conclusions: The evaluation and treatment of patients who sustained a fragility fracture to prevent a secondary fracture is effective in reducing the risk of new fractures in high-risk patients., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)
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- 2022
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16. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation contributes to high-fat diet-induced vascular dysfunction.
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da Silva JF, Bolsoni JA, da Costa RM, Alves JV, Bressan AFM, Silva LEV, Costa TJ, Oliveira AER, Manzato CP, Aguiar CA, Fazan R Jr, Cunha FQ, Nakaya HI, Carneiro FS, and Tostes RC
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- Animals, Endothelial Cells metabolism, Endothelium, Vascular, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Obesity metabolism, Vasodilation physiology, Diet, High-Fat adverse effects, Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon genetics, Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon metabolism
- Abstract
Background and Purpose: Metabolic and vascular dysfunction are common features of obesity. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) regulates lipid metabolism and vascular homeostasis, but whether vascular AhR are activated in obesity or have a protective and/or harmful effects on vascular function in obesity are unknown. Our study addresses whether AhR activation contributes to obesity-associated vascular dysfunction and the mechanisms involved in these AhR effects., Experimental Approach: Male AhR KO (Ahr
-/- ) and WT mice were fed either control or a HF (high-fat) diet for 10 weeks. Metabolic and inflammatory parameters were measured in serum and adipose tissue. Vascular reactivity (isometric force) was evaluated using a myography. Endothelial NOS (eNOS) and AhR protein expression was determined by western blot, Cyp1A1 and Nos3 gene expression by RT-PCR and.NO production was quantified by DAF fluorescence., Key Results: HF diet increased total serum HDL and LDL, as well as vascular AhR protein expression and proinflammatory cytokines in the adipose tissue. HF diet decreased endothelium-dependent vasodilation. AhR deletion protected mice from HF diet-induced dyslipidaemia, weight gain and inflammatory processes. HF diet-induced endothelial dysfunction was attenuated in Ahr-/- mice. Vessels from Ahr-/- mice exhibited a greater NO reserve. In cultured endothelial cells, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) a major component of LDL and oxidized LDL [oxLDL]) reduced Nos3 gene expression and NO production. Antagonism of the AhR inhibited LPC effects on endothelial cells and induced decreased endothelium-dependent vasodilation., Conclusion and Implications: AhR deletion attenuates HF diet-induced dyslipidaemia and vascular dysfunction by improving eNOS/NO signalling. Targeting AhRs may prevent obesity-associated vascular dysfunction., (© 2022 The British Pharmacological Society.)- Published
- 2022
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17. Molecular genotyping reveals inter-regional relatedness among antimicrobial resistant Salmonella Minnesota strains isolated from poultry farm and humans, Brazil.
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Moreira JPFF, do Monte DFM, Lima CA, de Oliveira CJB, da Silva Martins NR, Berchieri Junior A, and de Freitas Neto OC
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- Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Brazil, Chickens, Drug Resistance, Bacterial genetics, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial genetics, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field methods, Farms, Genotype, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Salmonella genetics, Anti-Infective Agents pharmacology, Poultry
- Abstract
Genetic profiles of Salmonella Minnesota isolates were analyzed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). In total, 13 isolates obtained from the broiler industry collected in the states of Minas Gerais (11) and São Paulo (2), as well as five recovered from cases of foodborne infections in humans in the states of Minas Gerais (2), Santa Catarina (1), and Rio Grande do Sul (2), were submitted to PFGE. These 18 S. Minnesota isolates together with other 12 of poultry origin were also subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The PFGE analysis of 18 strains of S. Minnesota generated a dendrogram that grouped the isolates with 83-90% similarity into four main clusters. Among them, cluster "A" grouped the majority of isolates (13), including two of human origin that showed 90% similarity with a broiler isolate, both recovered in Minas Gerais. The S. Minnesota isolates showed resistance to tetracycline (80%), cefoxitin (80%), ceftazidime (46.7%), nalidixic acid (23.3%), ciprofloxacin (13.3%), and streptomycin (10%). No resistance to gentamicin, chloramphenicol, meropenem, nitrofurantoin, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim was found. Moreover, 23.3% of the evaluated isolates presented multi-resistance profile, all from Minas Gerais. The results highlight the importance of further studies involving S. Minnesota, which is prevalent in the Brazilian broiler flocks and could provoke foodborne infection in humans., (© 2022. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia.)
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- 2022
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18. Assessment of trabecular and cortical parameters using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography, histomorphometry and microCT of iliac crest bone core in hemodialysis patients.
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Pichone A, Gomes CP, Lima LFC, Moreira CA, Paranhos-Neto FP, Madeira M, Lopes RT, Farias MLF, and Leite M Jr
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Patients with end-stage renal disease develop changes in bone quality and quantity, which can be assessed using different methods. This study aimed to compare and to correlate bone parameters obtained in vivo using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) with those obtained by bone biopsy using histomorphometry and microcomputed tomography (microCT) analysis of the iliac crest core, and to evaluate if HR-pQCT is helpful in aiding with categorization of those with high turnover. Twenty hemodialysis patients, 13 females (7 postmenopausal), underwent bone biopsy from 2018 to 2020. The mean age was 48.5 ± 10.6 years, and the mean hemodialysis vintage was 15 years. Histomorphometry identified mineralization defects, low turnover, and high turnover in 65%, 45%, and 35% of the patients, respectively. The highest values of trabecular bone volume (BV/TV) were obtained by histomorphometry, while the highest values of cortical thickness (Ct.Th) were obtained by HR-pQCT at the distal tibia. Moderate correlations were found between BV/TV values obtained by microCT of the bone core and HR-pQCT at the distal radius ( r = 0.531, p = 0.016) and at the distal tibia ( r = 0.536, p = 0.015). BV/TV values obtained from the bone core by histomorphometry and microCT were also significantly correlated ( r = 0.475, p = 0.04). Regarding Ct.Th, there was a strong correlation between the radius and tibia HR-pQCT ( r = 0.800, p < 0.001), between bone core microCT and the distal radius HR-pQCT ( r = 0.610, p < 0.01), as between histomorphometry and microCT ( r = 0.899, p < 0.01). In groups classified by bone turnover, patients with high turnover presented lower BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb.Th, and Ct.Th than those with low turnover in peripheral sites using HR-pQCT. By this method, it was possible to identify low turnover from tibia BV/TV > 12,4% plus Tb.Sp ≤ 0.667 mm (AUC 0.810, 95% CI 0.575 to 0.948) and high turnover from total bone mineral density (BMD) ≤ 154.2 mg HA/cm
3 (AUC 0.860, 95% CI 0.633 to 0.982, p < 0.001) and cortical BMD ≤ 691.6 mg HA/cm3 (AUC 0.840, 95% CI 0.609 to 0.963, p < 0.001). In conclusion, HR-pQCT had significant correlation with iliac crest bone in BV/TV and Ct.Th, which are known to provide bone strength. This method is quick and non-invasive and may be helpful in categorizing those with high versus low turnover in hemodialysis patients., Competing Interests: All authors declare no competing interests. We don't have any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) the study entitled: “Assessment of trabecular and cortical parameters using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography, histomorphometry and microCT of iliac crest bone core in hemodialysis patients.”, (© 2022 The Authors.)- Published
- 2022
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19. Position Statement of the Latin American Federation of Endocrinology on Osteoporosis: Response to comments by López Gavilánez.
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Gómez O, Páez-Talero A, Zanchetta MB, Madeira M, Moreira CA, Campusano C, Medina-Orjuela A, Cerdas S, de la Peña-Rodríguez MP, Reza-Albarrán AA, Velazco C, Mendoza B, Uzcátegui-Osorio LR, and Rueda-Plata PN
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- Humans, Latin America epidemiology, Endocrinology, Osteoporosis
- Published
- 2021
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20. Association between fractures and traditional risk factors for osteoporosis and low bone mineral density in patients with obesity.
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Sampaio LG, Marques J, Petterle RR, Moreira CA, and Borba VZC
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- Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Obesity complications, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Bone Diseases, Metabolic epidemiology, Bone Diseases, Metabolic etiology, Osteoporosis epidemiology, Osteoporosis etiology
- Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the reasons for request of bone mineral density (BMD) evaluation and correlate the BMD results with previous fractures, risk factors for osteoporosis, and clinical characteristics in patients with obesity., Methods: Cross-sectional, retrospective, single-site study including adult patients with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m
2 and BMD evaluation between January 2015 and May 2016 selected from a BMD database. Data on demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, comorbidities, medications, risk factors, previous fractures, and indications for BMD evaluation were collected from the participants' medical records., Results: The study included 619 patients (89.9% women, mean BMI 34.79 ± 4.05 kg/m2 ). In all, 382 (61.7%), 166 (26.8%), and 71 (11.5%) patients had class 1, 2, and 3 obesity, respectively. The most frequent (29.9%) reason for BMD evaluation was for osteoporosis monitoring. In all, 69.4% of the patients had low BMD. Multivariate analysis showed that age, calcium supplementation, and previous osteoporosis or osteopenia were associated with low BMD, while age, vitamin D supplementation, use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), and low BMD were associated with previous fractures (p < 0.05 for all)., Conclusion: Among patients with obesity identified from a tertiary hospital database, those with low bone mass and risk factors traditionally associated with fractures had an increased history of fractures. Patients with greater BMI had better bone mass and fewer fractures. These findings indicate that the association between reduced weight, risk factors for osteoporosis, and fractures remained despite the presence of obesity in our population.- Published
- 2021
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21. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of X-linked hypophosphatemia in Paraná, southern Brazil.
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Moreira CA, Costa TMRL, Marques JVO, Sylvestre L, Almeida ACR, Maluf EMCP, and Borba VZC
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- Adolescent, Brazil epidemiology, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, PHEX Phosphate Regulating Neutral Endopeptidase, Prevalence, Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets epidemiology, Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets genetics, Genetic Diseases, X-Linked
- Abstract
Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the prevalence of XLH in Paraná, a state in southern Brazil, and report the clinical features and complications of the disease., Methods: We invited all endocrinologists (n = 205), nephrologists (n = 221), orthopedic surgeons (n = 1020), and pediatricians (n = 1000) in Paraná to fill out an electronic survey with information on patients with X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH), and searched the records of the state's health department for all calcitriol prescriptions in 2018., Results: In all, 244 (10%) specialists responded to the email, of whom 18 (7.4%) reported to be taking care of patients with XLH and answered the online survey. A total of 57 patients with XLH were identified (prevalence 5 per million inhabitants). The median age at diagnosis was 22 years, and 42.2% were children and adolescents. Fifteen patients had genetic testing showing a PHEX mutation. Overall, 91.2% had bone deformities, 30.8% had a history of fragility fractures, and 22.4% had renal complications., Conclusion: This study demonstrated a prevalence of XLH of 5 cases per million inhabitants in the state of Paraná, a rate lower than the one reported in other countries. Manifestations of renal calcification and bone fragility were frequent among the patients. This is the first epidemiological study evaluating the prevalence and clinical presentation of XLH in Latin America.
- Published
- 2021
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22. Effectiveness of Pilates and circuit-based exercise in reducing arthralgia in women during hormone therapy for breast cancer: a randomized, controlled trial.
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Barbosa KP, da Silva LGT, Garcia PA, Freitas CA, da Silva ECF, Pereira TV, Alves AT, and Matheus LBG
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- Arthralgia chemically induced, Arthralgia therapy, Exercise Therapy, Female, Hormones, Humans, Single-Blind Method, Breast Neoplasms drug therapy, Circuit-Based Exercise, Exercise Movement Techniques
- Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of Pilates compared with circuit-based exercise in reducing arthralgia in women during hormone therapy for breast cancer., Design: Single-blind randomized controlled trial, parallel., Setting: University hospital of Brasilia and Brazilian Association for Assistance to People with Cancer., Participants: Sixty women with arthralgia were recruited. Eligibility criteria included women complaining of arthralgia during hormone therapy for breast cancer. The exclusion criteria were women with active cancer, lymphedema, limitations to physical exercise, or limitation to answer some questionnaires., Main Outcome Measures: Primary: Pain. Secondary: Function, flexibility, and sleep quality. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and the end of the intervention (8 weeks) by the same blinded evaluator., Intervention: Sixty participants were randomly assigned 20 to each of the three groups: Pilates, circuit-based exercise, and control groups. Exercise was performed twice per week for 75 min, over a period of 8 weeks. Participants in the control group were instructed to continue their usual activities. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to verify the normality of the outcomes. Intergroup differences were calculated using Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc Mann Whitney U testing and the parametric data between the three groups with ANOVA of repeated measures with Bonferroni post hoc., Results: The Pilates group demonstrated a significant difference in pain reduction compared to the circuit group (mean difference: -1.95 points, p = 0.020)., Conclusion: Pilates was more effective than circuit-based exercise in reducing arthralgia in women during hormone therapy for breast cancer., Trial Registration: http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-3wsdhs/ Registered on Octob 16th 2017., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
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- 2021
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23. Role of thermography in the assessment of temporomandibular disorders and other musculoskeletal conditions: A systematic review.
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Moreira A, Batista R, Oliveira S, Branco CA, Mendes J, and Figueiral MH
- Subjects
- Humans, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders diagnosis, Thermography
- Abstract
The aim of this review was to evaluate whether thermal imaging may constitute a reliable assessment method of musculoskeletal and temporomandibular disorders (TMD/MSD). A systematic review was conducted in the Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane library, Web of Science, and Lilacs databases. The search terms were "musculoskeletal disorders,""temporomandibular disorders,""infrared thermography,""thermography," and "infrared imaging." The inclusion criteria were: studies published between January 1985 and January 2021, performed in humans, with sample size equal or greater than 20 patients, written in English, Portuguese, French and/or Spanish, and full text available. The exclusion criteria were: systematic reviews, case studies, and/or studies focused on pathologies beyond the review's domain. The risk of bias was evaluated using CASP 2018. A total of 2032 articles were retrieved. Of these, 25 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included to withdraw the following information: title, type of study, first author and year of publication, objective, number of participants, comparisons, and principal conclusions. No RCT were found. Despite some disparity, points of convergence among the majority of authors could be found. In general, healthy individuals show subtle thermal differences between contralateral homolog areas. Concerning orofacial structures, unilateral symptomatic individuals may show thermal differences equal or greater than 0.4°C. Infrared thermography accuracy in diagnosing TMD/MSD is still considered low to moderate. Despite some limitations, IRT might constitute a valuable supporting diagnostic tool in the medical field of TMD and MSD.
- Published
- 2021
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24. Bone density and quality in patients treated with direct-acting oral anticoagulants versus warfarin.
- Author
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Nalevaiko JZ, Marques JVO, Oliveira MF, Raetsch AWP, Marques GL, Petterle RR, Moreira CA, and Borba VZC
- Subjects
- Aged, Anticoagulants therapeutic use, Cancellous Bone, Cross-Sectional Studies, Factor Xa Inhibitors, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Bone Density, Warfarin adverse effects
- Abstract
Introduction: Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are therapeutic alternatives to warfarin that act independently of vitamin K, thus not affecting bone matrix formation. The aim of this study was to compare bone mineral density (BMD) and microarchitecture in patients treated with DOACs versus warfarin., Methods: Cross-sectional, observational study in patients using oral anticoagulants for >1 year and a paired control group (CG). Based on the type of anticoagulant used, the patients were grouped into a DOAC (DOACG) or warfarin (WG) group. All patients filled out a questionnaire and underwent BMD evaluation and trabecular bone score (TBS) measurement., Results: In all, 150 patients were included (50 patients in each group). The mean age was 60.49 ± 7.48 years, and most participants were men (64%). The most frequent comorbidities were hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia (comparison between groups p > 0.05). Low bone mass was diagnosed in 42%, 50%, and 66% of the patients in the CG, DOACG, and WG, respectively (p = 0.012). On logistic regression analysis, BMD was associated with body mass index (BMI; odds ratio [OR] 0.846, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.763-0.926, p = 0.001), creatinine level (OR 0.024, 95%CI 0.001-0.434, p = 0.017), and TBS value (OR 17.777, 95%CI 4.526-96.903, p = 0.000). The mean TBS decreased progressively from the CG to the DOACG and WG (1.328 ± 0.112, 1.264 ± 0.138, and 1.203 ± 0.112, respectively, p < 0.001). On multivariate linear regression, negative predictors of TBS included warfarin use (-0.06, 95%CI -0.11 to -0.02, p = 0.006), BMI (-0.01, 95%CI -0.01 to -0.00, p < 0.001), and hyperglycemia (-0.07, 95%CI -0.11 to -0.03, p = 0.003), while positive predictors were an active IPAQ classification (0.06, 95%CI 0.01-0.11, p = 0.029) and family history of hip fracture (0.07, 95%CI 0.01-0.14, p = 0.029)., Conclusion: Patients using anticoagulants have lower BMD and TBS values compared with controls. This negative effect on bone was more pronounced with warfarin, but was also seen with DOACs., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2021
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25. Bone Marrow Adiposity in Premenopausal Women With Type 2 Diabetes With Observations on Peri-Trabecular Adipocytes.
- Author
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Andrade VFC, Besen D, Chula DC, Borba VZC, Dempster D, and Moreira CA
- Subjects
- Absorptiometry, Photon, Adult, Bone Density drug effects, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 pathology, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin analysis, Glycemic Control, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents therapeutic use, Insulin therapeutic use, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I analysis, Metformin therapeutic use, Middle Aged, Adipocytes pathology, Adiposity, Bone Marrow metabolism, Bone Marrow pathology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 metabolism, Premenopause metabolism, Trabecular Meshwork metabolism, Trabecular Meshwork pathology
- Abstract
Context: No study has yet evaluated the relationships among bone marrow adiposity (BMA), bone histomorphometry (BH), and glycemic control in premenopausal women with type 2 diabetes (T2DM)., Objective: We aimed to assess the effect of glycemic control on BMA, correlate the parameters of BH with BMA, and correlate BMA with the use of hypoglycemic agents and with bone mineral density (BMD)., Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that evaluated 26 premenopausal women with T2DM who were divided into groups with HbA1c < 7% (good control [GC], n = 10) and HbA1c > 7% (poor control [PC], n = 16). BMA parameters (adipocyte number [Ad.N], total adipocyte perimeter [Ad.Pm], total adipocyte area [Ad.Ar], percentage adipocyte volume per marrow volume [Ad.V/Ma.V]) and peri-trabecular adipocyte number divided by bone surface (Ad.N/BS) were evaluated. BH static (bone volume fraction [BV/TV], osteoid thickness [O.Th], osteoid surface/bone surface [OS/BS]) and dynamic parameters and serum insulin-like growth factor-1 were measured. BMA data were compared between the GC and PC groups. Correlations were performed., Results: Ad.N, Ad.Pm, and Ad.Ar were higher in PC (all, P = 0.04). HbA1c correlated positively with Ad.N/BS (P < 0.01) and Ad.N/BS correlated negatively with O.Th (P < 0.01) and OS/BS (P = 0.02). Positive and negative correlations were observed between insulin and metformin use, respectively, with all adipocyte parameters except Ad.N/BS (P < 0.05). Structural parameters were negatively correlated with the BMA. BMD of the femoral neck (r = -549, P < 0.01) and total femur (r = -0.502, P < 0.01) were negatively correlated with Ad.V/Ma.V., Conclusion: Poor glycemic control is associated with hyperplasia and hypertrophy of BMAs and with lower BV/TV. Ad.N/BS, a new BMA parameter, is correlated with HbA1c and negatively with O.Th. The use of insulin seems to stimulate the expansion of BMA while that of metformin has the opposite effect. These findings suggest that the increase in BMA may play a role in the T2DM bone disease; on the other hand, good glycemic control might help prevent it., (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2021
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26. Prevention and treatment of oral adverse effects of antiresorptive medications for osteoporosis - A position paper of the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism (SBEM), Brazilian Society of Stomatology and Oral Pathology (Sobep), and Brazilian Association for Bone Evaluation and Osteometabolism (Abrasso).
- Author
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Madeira M, Rocha AC, Moreira CA, Aguiar ÁMM, Maeda SS, Cardoso AS, de Moura Castro CH, D'Alva CB, Silva BCC, Ferraz-de-Souza B, Lazaretti-Castro M, Bandeira F, and Torres SR
- Subjects
- Brazil, Diphosphonates, Humans, Pathology, Oral, Quality of Life, Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw etiology, Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw prevention & control, Bone Density Conservation Agents adverse effects, Oral Medicine, Osteoporosis chemically induced, Osteoporosis drug therapy, Osteoporosis prevention & control
- Abstract
Antiresorptive therapy is the main form of prevention of osteoporotic or fragility fractures. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a relatively rare but severe adverse reaction to antiresorptive and antiangiogenic drugs. Physicians and dentists caring for patients taking these drugs and requiring invasive procedures face a difficult decision because of the potential risk of MRONJ. The aim of this study was to discuss the risk factors for the development of MRONJ and prevention of this complication in patients with osteoporosis taking antiresorptive drugs and requiring invasive dental treatment. For this goal, a task force with representatives from three professional associations was appointed to review the pertinent literature and discuss systemic and local risk factors, prevention of MRONJ in patients with osteoporosis, and management of established MRONJ. Although scarce evidence links the use of antiresorptive agents in the context of osteoporosis to the development of MRONJ, these agents are considered a risk factor for this complication. Despite the rare reports of MRONJ in patients with osteoporosis, the severity of symptoms and impact of MRONJ in the patients' quality of life make it imperative for health care professionals to consider this complication when planning invasive dental procedures.
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- 2021
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27. Therapeutic respiratory and functional rehabilitation protocol for intensive care unit patients affected by COVID-19: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.
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Carvalho AC, Moreira J, Cubelo P, Cantista P, Branco CA, and Guimarães B
- Subjects
- Activities of Daily Living, Adult, Critical Care, Hand Strength, Humans, Physical Therapy Modalities, Portugal, Quality of Life, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Treatment Outcome, COVID-19 rehabilitation, Intensive Care Units, Respiratory Therapy methods
- Abstract
Objectives: The primary objective of the presented study is to analyze the respiratory and functional effects of a rehabilitation program in patients affected by hospitalization in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) due to COVID-19, in comparison with the group treated with standard of care, at discharge endpoint. The secondary objectives of the presented study are to evaluate different outcomes of the rehabilitation program in comparison to standard of care regarding: functional performance at 4-week and 12-week post- discharge mark; health-related quality of life, the impact on the health services (namely days of hospitalization), the cost-effectiveness of the intervention proposed., Trial Design: This is a randomized, controlled, double-blind, double-arm clinical trial of treatment, with an allocation ratio 1:1 and framework of superiority., Participants: The study will be conducted at Centro Hospitalar Entre Douro e Vouga, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal. Potential participants will be adult patients (≥18 years old) hospitalized in ICU with respiratory insufficiency due to COVID-19, who are referred to respiratory and functional rehabilitation. Only patients approved by physical rehabilitation doctors to perform respiratory and functional rehabilitation will be considered potential participants. To be eligible for inclusion participants must have been independent in their activities of daily living before the onset of critical illness (verbal statement by their proxy) and have to meet the safety criteria defined by the Portuguese Society of Physical Rehabilitation Medicine., Intervention and Comparator: Both groups will receive usual medical and nursing care in the ICU, which involves assessment and treatment of the respiratory system and may include positioning, hyperinflation techniques and suctioning. The physical function of the patient is assessed, and active bed exercises and mobility are encouraged as soon as possible and may include sitting out of bed. The intervention group will receive a functional and respiratory multidisciplinary rehabilitation protocol (that includes medical, nursing, physiotherapy and occupational therapy interventions) during their entire hospital stay. After reassurance that the patients fulfil the safety criteria, they will initiate the rehabilitation protocol, individualized to each patient based on the clinical status. The rehabilitation interventions and exercises implemented will be consistent with recommendations from the Portuguese Society of Physical Rehabilitation Medicine. The intervention will occur 6 days per week (Monday to Saturday), fifteen minutes, twice per day for each participant. Throughout all activities, progression will be increased successively, depending on the individual's tolerance and stability. After discharge, the intervention group will continue with rehabilitation exercises, prescribed by physical rehabilitation doctors. These exercises are designed for the patient to do at home, and then report their execution to rehabilitation nurses through teleconsultation, until 12 weeks after ICU discharge., Main Outcomes: Baseline descriptive data collection will include age, sex, comorbidities and date of admission to ICU. The need of mechanical ventilation and length of use, as well as the need for oxygen therapy, length of ICU stay (days/hours), incidence of ICU readmission, discharge destination and survival will also be recorded. Prior to intervention, every two days and at discharge, participants will be evaluated using the following scales: Glasgow Coma Scale, Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale, Chelsea Critical Care Physical Assessment, 5 standardized questions for cooperation, Medical Research Council Sum-Score, Handgrip strength test and Medical Research Council dyspnea scale. At discharge, Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion will be evaluated. The primary outcome measure will be functional capacity using the 6-Minute Walk Test, and it will be measured at discharge and at the 4-week and 12-week mark. Medical Research Council Sum-Score, Handgrip strength test, Medical Research Council dyspnea scale and Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion will also be re-evaluated at the 4-week and 12-week mark. The health related quality of life will also be used as an outcome measure, using the 12-Item Short Form Survey, at 12 weeks of follow-up., Randomisation: Participants will be divided into two groups, standard care and intervention, by means of balanced randomization at a 1:1 ratio using blocks of 10 participants. The randomization sequence is going to be created using a free software ( http://www.randomized.org/ ). In order to ensure the confidentiality of the randomisation sequence, this process will be conducted by an assessor external to the study., Blinding (masking): The evaluators in the study will be blinded during the entire process. The evaluators will be unaware of the study objectives and the randomized distribution of patients to study groups and will not have access to the randomization sequence. Although blinding for patients will not be possible to achieve completely, subjects will be unaware of other treatment modalities, and they will not know if they belong to the intervention or standard group. As for the treating physiotherapists and ICU staff, blinding will not be possible to achieve, but they will not be responsible for assessing outcomes., Numbers to Be Randomised (sample Size): We plan to randomise 40 participants to each group. 80 participants in total., Trial Status: This is the second and definitive protocol version, dated from 26th February 2021. Recruitment started on 8
th March 2021. Participants will be recruited between March 8, 2021, and June 8, 2021. Study completion is expected to be October 2021., Trial Registration: ReBEC RBR-7rvhpq9 . Registry name: The effect of rehabilitation in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Registered on 17 March 2021.Retrospectively registered. FULL PROTOCOL: "The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol".- Published
- 2021
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28. Prenatal hypoxia predisposes vascular functional and structural changes associated with oxidative stress damage and depressive behavior in adult offspring male rats.
- Author
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da Silva TFG, de Bem GF, da Costa CA, Santos IB, Soares RA, Ognibene DT, Rito-Costa F, Cavalheira MA, da Conceição SP, Ferraz MR, and Resende AC
- Subjects
- Animals, Antioxidants pharmacology, Female, Hypoxia complications, Male, Pregnancy, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Vasoconstrictor Agents pharmacology, Oxidative Stress, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
- Abstract
Intrauterine hypoxia-ischemia (HI) provides a strong stimulus for a developmental origin of both the central nervous system and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate vascular functional and structural changes, oxidative stress damage, and behavioral alterations in adult male offspring submitted to HI during pregnancy. The pregnant Wistar rats had a uterine artery clamped for 45 min on the 18th gestational day, submitting the offspring to hypoxic-ischemic conditions. The Sham group passed to the same surgical procedure as the HI rats, without occlusion of the maternal uterine artery, and the controls consisted of non-manipulated healthy animals. After weaning, the male pups were divided into three groups: control, sham, and HI, according to the maternal procedure. At postnatal day 90 (P90), the adult male offspring performed the open field and forced swim tests. In P119, the rats had their blood pressure checked and were euthanized. Prenatal HI induced a depressive behavior in adult male offspring associated with a reduced vasodilator response to acetylcholine in perfused mesenteric arterial bed, and reduced superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in the aorta compared to control and sham groups. Prenatal HI also increased the vasoconstrictor response to norepinephrine, the media thickness, collagen deposition, and the oxidative damage in the aorta from adult male offspring compared to control and sham groups. Our results suggest an association among prenatal HI and adult vascular structural and functional changes, oxidative stress damage, and depressive behavior., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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29. Rhamnolipid-Based Liposomes as Promising Nano-Carriers for Enhancing the Antibacterial Activity of Peptides Derived from Bacterial Toxin-Antitoxin Systems.
- Author
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Sanches BCP, Rocha CA, Martin Bedoya JG, da Silva VL, da Silva PB, Fusco-Almeida AM, Chorilli M, Contiero J, Crusca E, and Marchetto R
- Subjects
- Amino Acid Sequence, Cell Membrane Permeability drug effects, Cell Survival drug effects, Drug Liberation, Dynamic Light Scattering, Escherichia coli drug effects, Hemolysis drug effects, Hep G2 Cells, Humans, Hydrodynamics, Liposomes, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Peptides chemistry, Sonication, Staphylococcus aureus drug effects, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Drug Carriers chemistry, Glycolipids chemistry, Nanoparticles chemistry, Peptides pharmacology, Toxin-Antitoxin Systems
- Abstract
Background: Antimicrobial resistance poses substantial risks to human health. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel antimicrobial agents, including alternative compounds, such as peptides derived from bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems. ParELC3 is a synthetic peptide derived from the ParE toxin reported to be a good inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerases and is therefore a potential antibacterial agent. However, ParELC3 is inactive against bacteria due to its inability to cross the bacterial membranes. To circumvent this limitation we prepared and used rhamnolipid-based liposomes to carry and facilitate the passage of ParELC3 through the bacterial membrane to reach its intracellular target - the topoisomerases., Methods and Results: Small unilamellar liposome vesicles were prepared by sonication from three formulations that included 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and cholesterol. ParELC3 was loaded with high efficiency into the liposomes. Characterization by DLS and TEM revealed the appropriate size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, and morphology. In vitro microbiological experiments showed that ParELC3 loaded-liposomes are more efficient (29 to 11 µmol·L
-1 ) compared to the free peptide (>100 µmol·L-1 ) at inhibiting the growth of standard E. coli and S. aureus strains. RL liposomes showed high hemolytic activity but when prepared with POPC and Chol this activity had a significant reduction. Independently of the formulation, the vesicles had no detectable cytotoxicity to HepG2 cells, even at the highest concentrations tested (1.3 mmol·L-1 and 50 µmol·L-1 for rhamnolipid and ParELC3, respectively)., Conclusion: The present findings suggest the potential use of rhamnolipid-based liposomes as nanocarrier systems to enhance the bioactivity of peptides., Competing Interests: All authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest., (© 2021 Sanches et al.)- Published
- 2021
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30. Portuguese multidisciplinary recommendations for non-pharmacological and non-surgical interventions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
- Author
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Santos EJF, Duarte C, Ferreira RJO, Pinto AM, Moreira A, Vaz C, Branco CA, Mateus E, Canhão H, Campos I, Barbosa I, Fonseca JE, da Silva JC, Mourão MH, Costa R, and da Silva JAP
- Subjects
- Exercise, Humans, Portugal, Arthritis, Rheumatoid therapy
- Abstract
Background: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) report significant levels of disease impact, which are improved, but not fully abrogated by immunosuppressive therapy, even when remission is achieved. This imposes the need for adjuvant interventions targeting the uncontrolled domains of disease impact. Non-pharmacological interventions are widely used for this purpose, but they have not been the object of professional recommendations or guidelines., Objective: To propose multidisciplinary recommendations to inform clinical care providers regarding the employment of non-pharmacological and non-surgical interventions in the management of patients with RA., Methods: The EULAR standardized operating procedures for the development of recommendations were followed. First, a systematic literature review was performed. Then, a multidisciplinary Technical Expert Panel (TEP) met to develop and discuss the recommendations and research agenda. For each developed recommendation i) the level of evidence and grade of recommendation were determined, and ii) the level of agreement among TEP members was set. A recommendation was adopted if approved by ≥75% of the TEP members, and the level of agreement was considered high when ≥8. All relevant national societies were included in this construction process to attain their endorsement., Results: Based on evidence and expert opinion, the TEP developed and agreed on five overarching principles and 12 recommendations for non-pharmacological and non-surgical interventions in patients with RA. The mean level of agreement between the TEP members ranged between 8.5 and 9.9. The recommendations include a broad spectrum of intervention areas, such as exercise, hydrokinesiotherapy, psychological interventions, orthoses, education, general management of comorbidities, among others; and they set the requirements for their application., Conclusions: These recommendations are based on the consensus judgment of clinical experts from a wide range of disciplines and patients' representatives from Portugal. Given the evidence for effectiveness, feasibility and safety, non-pharmacological and non-surgical interventions should be an integral part of standard care for people with RA. It is hoped that these recommendations should be widely implemented in clinical practice. The target audience for these recommendations includes all health professionals involved in the care of patients with RA. The target patient population includes adult Portuguese people with RA.
- Published
- 2021
31. Therapeutic effects of açaí seed extract on hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-induced obesity in male mice: a comparative effect with rosuvastatin.
- Author
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Tavares TB, Santos IB, de Bem GF, Ognibene DT, da Rocha APM, de Moura RS, Resende AC, Daleprane JB, and da Costa CA
- Subjects
- Animals, Diet, High-Fat, Disease Models, Animal, Dyslipidemias metabolism, Dyslipidemias prevention & control, Hyperglycemia metabolism, Hyperglycemia prevention & control, Hypolipidemic Agents isolation & purification, Lipid Metabolism drug effects, Liver metabolism, Liver pathology, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease etiology, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease metabolism, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease pathology, Obesity etiology, Obesity metabolism, Obesity pathology, Oxidative Stress drug effects, Plant Extracts isolation & purification, Seeds, Euterpe chemistry, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors pharmacology, Hypolipidemic Agents pharmacology, Liver drug effects, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease prevention & control, Obesity drug therapy, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Rosuvastatin Calcium pharmacology
- Abstract
Objectives: Obesity is considered a risk factor for the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The hydroalcoholic extract obtained from the açai seed (ASE), rich in proanthocyanidins, has been shown a potential body weight regulator with antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of ASE in obesity-associated NAFLD and compare it with Rosuvastatin., Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice received a high-fat diet or standard diet for 12 weeks. The treatments with ASE (300 mg/kg per day) or rosuvastatin (20 mg/kg per day) began in the eighth week until the 12th week., Key Findings: Our data show that the treatments with ASE and rosuvastatin reduced body weight and hyperglycaemia, improved lipid profile and attenuated hepatic steatosis in HFD mice. ASE and Rosuvastatin reduced HMGCoA-Reductase and SREBP-1C and increased ABGC8 and pAMPK expressions in the liver. Additionally, ASE, but not Rosuvastatin, reduced NPC1L1 and increased ABCG5 and PPAR-α expressions. ASE and rosuvastatin increased SIRT-1 expression and antioxidant defence, although only ASE was able to decrease the oxidative damage in hepatic tissue., Conclusions: The therapeutic effect of ASE was similar to that of rosuvastatin in reducing dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis but was better in reducing oxidative damage and hyperglycaemia., (© 2020 Royal Pharmaceutical Society.)
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- 2020
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32. Body composition in nonobese individuals according to vitamin D level.
- Author
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Jonasson TH, Costa TMDRL, Petterle RR, Moreira CA, and Borba VZC
- Subjects
- Adipose Tissue metabolism, Adult, Aged, Body Composition, Body Mass Index, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Healthy Volunteers, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Vitamin D blood, Absorptiometry, Photon methods, Fasting blood, Vitamin D analogs & derivatives, Vitamin D Deficiency diagnosis
- Abstract
Obesity is associated with lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels, but the association between 25OHD deficiency and specific body composition (BC) patterns remains unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between 25OHD levels and BC in a population of healthy, nonobese individuals. Cross-sectional, observational study including a convenience sample of community-dwelling healthy individuals aged ≥18 years who responded to a study advertisement and were randomly selected. The participants filled out a questionnaire and had fasting blood drawn and anthropometric indices taken. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was performed for BC analysis (fat and lean body mass). The subjects were divided according to 25OHD levels into three groups: I (≤20 ng/mL, vitamin D deficient), II (>20 and <30 ng/mL, vitamin D insufficient), and III (≥30 ng/mL, vitamin D sufficient). Of 299 individuals selected, 51 were excluded, yielding a final sample of 248 (128 women) who had serum 25OHD levels measured. Women presented higher 25OHD levels than men (27.8±12.0 ng/mL and 24.8±11.3 ng/mL, respectively; p = 0.03). Including both sexes, Group I had greater body mass index (BMI; 26.6±2.5 kg/m2) and waist circumference (WC; 91.8.8±9.1 cm) compared with the other groups. Group I also had 75.7% and 65.3% of abnormal BMI and WC values, respectively, (p<0.05 for both) and a higher percentage of trunk and android fat confirmed by multivariate analysis. No differences in BC were observed in individuals with insufficient versus sufficient 25OHD levels. Individuals with lower 25OHD levels had increased fat in the android region and trunk. This study confirms the association of lower 25OHD levels with greater BMI and WC and increased deposition of fat in body compartments, which, even in nonobese individuals, are commonly associated with increased metabolic risk., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2020
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33. Anxiolytic and antioxidant effects of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) seed extract in adult rat offspring submitted to periodic maternal separation.
- Author
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de Bem GF, Okinga A, Ognibene DT, da Costa CA, Santos IB, Soares RA, Silva DLB, da Rocha APM, Isnardo Fernandes J, Fraga MC, Filgueiras CC, Manhães AC, Soares de Moura R, and Resende AC
- Subjects
- Animals, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Euterpe chemistry, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Male, Nitric Oxide, Oxidative Stress, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Receptor, trkB, Seeds chemistry, Stress, Psychological, Anti-Anxiety Agents pharmacology, Antioxidants pharmacology, Maternal Deprivation, Plant Extracts pharmacology
- Abstract
Many studies suggest a protective role of phenolic compounds in mood disorders. We aimed to assess the effect of Euterpe oleracea (açaí) seed extract (ASE) on anxiety induced by periodic maternal separation (PMS) in adult male rats. Animals were divided into 6 groups: control, ASE, fluoxetine (FLU), PMS, PMS+ASE, and PMS+FLU. For PMS, pups were separated daily from the dam for 3 h between postnatal day (PN) 2 and PN21. ASE (200 mg·kg
-1 ·day-1 ) and FLU (10 mg·kg-1 ·day-1 ) were administered by gavage for 34 days after stress induction, starting at PN76. At PN106 and PN108, the rats were submitted to open field (OF) and forced swim tests, respectively. At PN110, the rats were sacrificed by decapitation. ASE increased time spent in the center area in the OF test, glucocorticoid receptors in the hypothalamus, tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TRKB) levels in the hippocampus, and nitrite levels and antioxidant activity in the brain stem (PMS+ASE group compared with PMS group). ASE also reduced plasma corticotropin-releasing hormone levels, adrenal norepinephrine levels, and oxidative damage in the brain stem in adult male offspring submitted to PMS. In conclusion, ASE treatment has an anti-anxiety effect in rats submitted to PMS by reducing hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity and increasing the nitric oxide (NO)-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-TRKB pathway and antioxidant defense in the central nervous system. Novelty ASE has anti-anxiety and antioxidant effects in early-life stress. ASE reduces hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity. The anxiolytic effect of ASE may involve activation of the NO-BDNF-TRKB pathway in the central nervous system.- Published
- 2020
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34. Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) seed extract improves aerobic exercise performance in rats.
- Author
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de Andrade Soares R, de Oliveira BC, de Bem GF, de Menezes MP, Romão MH, Santos IB, da Costa CA, de Carvalho LCDRM, Nascimento ALR, de Carvalho JJ, Ognibene DT, de Moura RS, and Resende AC
- Subjects
- Animals, Antioxidants, Male, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Seeds, Euterpe
- Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine whether the supplementation with an açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) seed extract (ASE) would affect the aerobic exercise performance in rats and correlate with the vascular function, muscle oxidative stress and mitochondrial biogenesis. Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: Sedentary, Sedentary with chronic supplementation of ASE, Training, Training with chronic (200 mg/Kg/day intragastric gavage for 5 weeks) or acute (30 min before the maximal treadmill stress test (MST) supplementation with ASE. The exercise training was performed on a treadmill (30 min/day; 5 days/week) for 4 weeks. The chronic supplementation with ASE increased the exercise time (58%) and the running distance (129%) in relation to the MST, while the Training group increased 40% and 78% and the Training with acute ASE group increased 30% and 63%, respectively. The training-induced increase of ACh vasodilation was not changed by ASE, but the norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction was reduced by chronic and acute supplementation with ASE. The increased levels of malondialdehyde in soleus muscle homogenates from the Training group was reduced only by chronic supplementation with ASE. The muscle antioxidant defense, NO
2 levels, and expression of the mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins (PGC1α, SIRT-1, p-AMPK/AMPK, Nrf-2) were not different between Training and Sedentary groups, but all these parameters were increased in the Training with Chronic ASE compared with the Sedentary groups. In conclusion, chronic supplementation with ASE improves aerobic physical performance by increasing the vascular function, reducing the oxidative stress, and up-regulating the mitochondrial biogenesis key proteins., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest Roberto Soares de Moura is the inventor of a patent (PCT/BR0200038) that supported the development of a new patent application (PCT/BR2007/000178). The other authors state no declaration of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2020
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35. Reference values of 25-hydroxyvitamin D revisited: a position statement from the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism (SBEM) and the Brazilian Society of Clinical Pathology/Laboratory Medicine (SBPC).
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Moreira CA, Ferreira CEDS, Madeira M, Silva BCC, Maeda SS, Batista MC, Bandeira F, Borba VZC, and Lazaretti-Castro M
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- Aged, Brazil, Humans, Reference Values, Vitamin D analogs & derivatives, Vitamin D Deficiency, Pathology, Clinical
- Abstract
Hypovitaminosis D is a common condition with a negative impact on health. This statement, prepared by experts from the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism and the Brazilian Society of Clinical Pathology/Laboratory Medicine, includes methodological aspects and limitations of the measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] for identification of vitamin D status, and identifies individuals at increased risk for deficiency of this vitamin in whom 25(OH)D measurement is recommended. For the general population, 25(OH)D levels between 20 and 60 ng/mL are considered normal, while individuals with levels below 20 ng/mL are considered to be vitamin D deficient. This statement identifies potential benefits of maintaining 25(OH)D levels > 30 ng/mL in specific conditions, including patients aged > 65 years or pregnant, those with recurrent falls, fragility fractures, osteoporosis, secondary hyperparathyroidism, chronic kidney disease, or cancer, and individuals using drugs with the potential to affect the vitamin D metabolism. This statement also calls attention to the risk of vitamin D intoxication, a life-threatening condition that occurs at 25(OH)D levels above 100 ng/mL.
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- 2020
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36. Infrared thermography of the crânio-cervico-mandibular complex in wind and string instrumentalists.
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Clemente MP, Mendes J, Vardasca R, Moreira A, Branco CA, Ferreira AP, and Amarante JM
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- Adult, Female, Head diagnostic imaging, Humans, Male, Neck diagnostic imaging, Occupational Diseases diagnostic imaging, Thermography methods, Muscular Diseases diagnostic imaging, Music
- Abstract
Purpose: Musculoskeletal disorders can be common in wind and string instrumentalists. The musical gesture technique associated to musical performance can promote an asymmetrical isometric contraction with the hyperactivity of specific muscular groups and the overload of articular surfaces which can cause discomfort or pain. The aim of this investigation was to assess specific anatomical regions of interest within the cranio-cervico-mandibular complex in order to determine and evaluate the presence of muscular hyperactivity associated to musical performance., Methods: An infrared imaging camera, FLIR®, was used to record the regions of interest in wind (n = 48) and string instrumentalists (n = 29). Bilateral temperature differences were considered as thermal asymmetries with a conventional threshold of 0.3 ºC to distinguish pathological from healthy states. The regions of interest (ROI) were the anterior triangle of the neck, the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles regarding the postural and stabilizing muscles of the head and neck. On the orofacial region, the anatomical sites were the anterior temporal muscle, the masseter muscle and the temporomandibular joint. A Pearson chi-square test was performed to compare the assessed areas., Results: Between 30-37% of all participants showed ROI in an asymmetric pattern. The most affected sites were the temporal muscle and the TMJ for both groups. The anterior triangle of the neck showed statistical differences (p = 0.044) between string and wind instrumentalists, while the temporal (p = 0.034) and trapezius muscle (p = 0.028) when comparing large and small mouthpieces of brass instruments. Although female participants showed a higher prevalence of asymmetrical patterns regarding the ROI, no statistical differences were found between genders., Conclusions: Infrared thermography exhibited significant differences between wind and string instruments within the CCMC. Regarding the issue of occupational health in performing arts, it is an advantage being able to quantify asymmetrical patterns sites of the CCMC to understand the underlying physiological responses to repetitive movements, overloading and muscular hyperactivity that occur during musical performance.
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- 2020
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37. Açaí seed extract prevents the renin-angiotensin system activation, oxidative stress and inflammation in white adipose tissue of high-fat diet-fed mice.
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Santos IB, de Bem GF, da Costa CA, de Carvalho LCRM, de Medeiros AF, Silva DLB, Romão MH, de Andrade Soares R, Ognibene DT, de Moura RS, and Resende AC
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- Adipocytes drug effects, Adipose Tissue drug effects, Adipose Tissue metabolism, Adipose Tissue, White drug effects, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors pharmacology, Animals, Blood Glucose analysis, Blood Pressure drug effects, Body Weight drug effects, Eating drug effects, Enalapril pharmacology, Energy Intake drug effects, Inflammation, Insulin blood, Lipids blood, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Renin-Angiotensin System drug effects, Seeds, Adipose Tissue, White metabolism, Diet, High-Fat, Euterpe, Oxidative Stress drug effects, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Renin-Angiotensin System physiology
- Abstract
The role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), oxidative stress, and inflammation on the development of obesity and its comorbidities has been extensively addressed. Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) seed extract (ASE), with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and capable to modulate plasma renin levels, has been evidenced as a potential regulator of body mass. We hypothesized that the supplementation with ASE might exert beneficial effects on obesity-related white adipose tissue changes and metabolic disorders by interfering with the local adipose tissue overexpression of RAS, inflammation, and oxidative stress in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet. The animals were fed a standard diet (10% fat, control), 60% fat (HF), HF + ASE (300 mg/kg per day) and HF + ENA (enalapril, 30 mg/kg per day) for 12 weeks. ASE and ENA prevented weight gain and adiposity, adipocyte hypertrophy, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. In adipose tissue, ASE increased the insulin receptor expression and reduced renin and AT1 receptor expression, which was associated with decreased plasma levels of renin and angiotensin II. Differently, ENA increased the expression of angiotensin-conversing enzyme 2, AT2, B2, and Mas receptors in adipose tissue. Also, ASE but not ENA decreased malondialdehyde and 8-isoprostane levels in adipose tissue. Finally, ASE and ENA reduced the adipose tissue inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6. These results demonstrate that ASE prevented the adipocyte hypertrophy, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance in HF diet-fed mice. The downregulation of RAS in adipose tissue, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, may contribute to the prevention of obesity-related disorders., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2020
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38. Protective effect of Chresta martii extract on the zymosan-induced temporomandibular joint arthritis in rats.
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Rocha do Val D, Bezerra MM, Fernandes Gomes FI, Nobre CA, Teixeira SC, Lemos JC, Alves Pereira KM, de Paulo Teixeira Pinto V, Rodrigues E Silva AA, de Sousa Franco E, Bernadete de Sousa Maia M, and Chaves HV
- Abstract
Objective: Chresta martii is broadly used by folk medicine due to its anti-inflammatory effects, but there is a lack of preclinical data on its pharmacological mechanisms. This study investigated the efficacy of Chresta martii ethanolic extract (CEE) in the zymosan-induced temporomandibular joint arthritis (TMJ) and evaluated the possible role of TNF-α, nitric oxide (NO), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)., Methods: Male Wistar rats (160-220 g) were pre-treated with CEE (100, 200 or 400 mg/kg; v.o) 1 h before zymosan injection (2 mg; i.art). Mechanical hypernociception (g) was assessed 4 h later. The trigeminal ganglion was collected for TNF-α quantification (ELISA), total cell count and myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) were assayed in the synovial lavage 6 h after arthritis induction. Additionally, animals were pre-treated with L-NAME (30 mg/kg; i.p.) or ZnPP-IX (3 mg/kg, s.c.) to assess the involvement of NO and HO-1, respectively., Results: CEE 400 mg/kg (v.o) increased (p < 0.05) hypernociception threshold, reduced the cell counts and MPO activity in the synovial lavage, as well as decreased TNF-α levels in the trigeminal ganglion. ZnPP-IX abolished the analgesic effect of CEE, but not L-NAME., Conclusion: The anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of CEE depended on the HO-1 pathway integrity and TNF-α suppression., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article., (© 2020 Craniofacial Research Foundation. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2020
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39. Vitis vinifera L. Grape Skin Extract Prevents Development of Hypertension and Altered Lipid Profile in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats: Role of Oxidative Stress.
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da Costa GF, Ognibene DT, da Costa CA, Teixeira MT, Cordeiro VDSC, de Bem GF, Moura AS, Resende AC, and de Moura RS
- Abstract
This study investigated the protective effect of a Vitis vinifera L. grape skin extract (ACH09) on blood pressure, lipid profile, and oxidative status in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), total cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose levels, as well as oxidative damage and antioxidant activity in the plasma and kidney, were evaluated in four experimental groups: control Wistar rats (W-C) and SHR-C that received water, and Wistar rats and SHR treated with ACH09 (200 mg/kg/d) in drinking water for 12 weeks (W-ACH09 and SHR-ACH09, respectively). SBP increased in the SHR group compared with the W groups and the treatment with ACH09 prevented the development of hypertension. Plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol levels increased in SHR compared with W-C rats; these changes prevented by treatment with ACH09. Glucose levels did not differ between the groups. The SHR group had increased oxidative damage in plasma, as expressed by 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels, and this prevented by ACH09. Levels of TBARS in the kidneys were lower in the SHR-ACH09 group than in the SHR-C group. Further, ACH09 increased the superoxide dismutase activity in both the plasma and kidneys of both SHR and Wistar rats. These results suggest that ACH09 is protective against disruption of blood pressures, oxidant status, and lipid profile in SHR, and provide important evidence on the benefits of ACH09 on hypertension and associated cardiovascular complications., Competing Interests: AUTHOR DISCLOSURE STATEMENT Roberto Soares de Moura is the inventor of a patent (PCT/BR02/00038) that supported the development of a new patent application (PI0605693 A2-8). The other authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2020 by The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition. All rights Reserved.)
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- 2020
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40. Resistant starch from green banana (Musa sp.) attenuates non-alcoholic fat liver accumulation and increases short-chain fatty acids production in high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice.
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Rosado CP, Rosa VHC, Martins BC, Soares AC, Santos IB, Monteiro EB, Moura-Nunes N, da Costa CA, Mulder ADRP, and Daleprane JB
- Subjects
- Animals, Dietary Supplements, Disease Models, Animal, Eating, Fasting, Glucose metabolism, Glucose Tolerance Test, Lipid Metabolism drug effects, Liver drug effects, Liver metabolism, Liver pathology, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Obesity metabolism, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Triglycerides metabolism, Diet, High-Fat adverse effects, Dietary Carbohydrates therapeutic use, Fatty Acids, Volatile metabolism, Musa chemistry, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease metabolism, Starch administration & dosage
- Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of resistant starch from green banana (GB) on steatosis and short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) production in high fat diet-induced obesity in mice. High-fat green banana group (HFB) exhibited lower gains in BM (body mass; -6%; P < 0.01) compared with High-fat diet group (HF). Additionally, HFB mice showed reduction in liver steatosis (-28%, P < 0.01) with reduction of 93% in hepatic triacylglycerol (P < 0.01) compared to HF-diet-fed mice. In addition, the protein abundance of AMPKp/AMPK, HMGCoA-r and FAS were downregulated in livers of HFB mice (P < 0.01), relatively to the HF-diet-fed mice. ABCG8 and ABCG5 were up-regulated in HFB group compared to HF group (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the HFB fed-mice produced the highest amount of SCFAs (p < 0.05) compared to its counterpart HFD. In conclusion, we demonstrated that resistant starch from GB improved metabolic parameters by modulating the expression of key proteins involved in liver lipid metabolism., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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41. Bone Histomorphometry in Young Patients With Type 2 Diabetes is Affected by Disease Control and Chronic Complications.
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Andrade VFC, Chula DC, Sabbag FP, Cavalheiro DDDS, Bavia L, Ambrósio AR, da Costa CRV, Dos Reis LM, Borba VZC, and Moreira CA
- Subjects
- Adult, Arginine analogs & derivatives, Arginine blood, Blood Glucose analysis, Cancellous Bone physiopathology, Chronic Disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 blood, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 complications, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin analysis, Humans, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I analysis, Lysine analogs & derivatives, Lysine blood, Male, Bone Development, Bone Diseases etiology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 physiopathology
- Abstract
Context: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with an increased risk of fractures. No study has evaluated the correlation of bone histomorphometry (BH) parameters with glycemic control and presence of chronic complications (CCs) in premenopausal women with T2DM., Objectives: To evaluate BH and correlate them with the degree of glycemic control and presence of CCs., Design, Settings, and Patients: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary medical center. Twenty-six premenopausal women with T2DM were divided into groups with glycated hemoglobin HbA1c < 7% (good control, GC; n = 10) and HbA1c > 7% (poor control, PC; n = 16), and further subdivided into groups with (n = 9) and without (n = 17) CCs. BH parameters (bone volume [bone volume per total volume, BV/TV], trabecular thickness [Tb.Th], trabecular number [Tb.N], trabecular separation [Tb.Sp], osteoid thickness [O.Th], osteoid surface [osteoid surface per bone surface, OS/BS]), mineralizing surface [MS/BS], bone formation rate [BFR]), mineral apposition rate [MAR]) as well as serum pentosidine (PEN) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 were measured. The BH data were compared among the groups and with a BH control group (control group, CG, n = 15) matched by age, sex, and race., Results: BV/TV was increased in GC (P < .001) and PC (P = .05) groups and O.th (P = .03) was smaller in the PC group than in the CG. A comparison of the groups with and without CCs with the CG showed in the group with CCs, O.Th was smaller(P = .01) and BV/TV similar to the CG (P = .11). HbA1c correlated negatively with O.Th (P = .02) and OS/BS (P = .01). There was no correlation of BH to PEN and IGF-1., Conclusion: BH in premenopausal patients with T2DM is affected by disease control and chronic complications., (© Endocrine Society 2019. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2020
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42. MECHANISMS OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Sarcopenia in endocrine and non-endocrine disorders.
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Borba VZC, Costa TL, Moreira CA, and Boguszewski CL
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- Endocrine System Diseases physiopathology, Humans, Prevalence, Sarcopenia epidemiology, Sarcopenia physiopathology, Endocrine System Diseases complications, Sarcopenia complications
- Abstract
Objective This paper reviews the main mechanisms, diagnostic criteria, treatment options and available data on sarcopenia in endocrine and non-endocrine disorders. The literature notes the presence of sarcopenia as a comorbid condition or a complication of another clinical situation and not a disease that only affects elderly patients. Method We performed a literature review, focusing on the following: mechanisms related to sarcopenia in elderly patients, and sarcopenia as it presents in the context of chronic and endocrine diseases; diagnostic tools and methods; aspects of sarcopenia and treatment options specific to chronic diseases and endocrine disorders respectively. Results Sarcopenia in chronic and endocrine disorders shares many mechanisms with sarcopenia affecting elderly patients, but certain diseases can have a predominant aspect that leads to sarcopenia. The prevalence of sarcopenia varies, depending on different diagnostic criteria, from around 12 to 60% in chronic illnesses and 15 to 90% in endocrine disorders. The interplay between sarcopenia, chronic diseases and elderly patients requires further study, to clarify the impact of each, in terms of prognosis and mortality. Conclusion Awareness of the presentation of sarcopenia in the context of other diseases and ages (and not just the elderly) is fundamental to ensure that preventive measures can be deployed.
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- 2019
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43. Body composition and nutritional and metabolic parameters in postmenopausal women sufficient, insufficient and deficient in vitamin D.
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Simas LAW, Zanatta LCB, Moreira CA, Borba VZC, and Boguszewski CL
- Subjects
- Adult, Blood Glucose analysis, Body Composition, Body Mass Index, Bone Density, Brazil epidemiology, Cholesterol, LDL blood, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Nutritional Status, Prevalence, Triglycerides blood, Vitamin D Deficiency epidemiology, Postmenopause blood, Vitamin D blood, Vitamin D Deficiency blood
- Abstract
Objective: We investigated changes in body composition and nutritional and metabolic parameters in a group of postmenopausal women who were classified as sufficient, insufficient and deficient in vitamin D., Subjects and Methods: A total of 106 postmenopausal women were included in this cross-sectional study and classified according to their serum levels of 25-OH-vitamin D as sufficient (≥ 30 ng/mL; group S), insufficient (20.1 and 29.9 ng/mL; group I) or deficient (≤ 20 ng/mL; group D) in vitamin D. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA); dietary recall questionnaires were completed; and blood samples were analysed to compare the metabolic and nutritional status of the study groups., Results: Eleven (10.4%) of the women were classified in group S, 50 (47.2%) in group I and 45 (42.4%) in group D, with a mean serum level for 25-OH-D of 21.1 ± 7.0 ng/mL in all participants. Body composition did not differ among the groups. Serum levels of 25-OH-D were negatively correlated with serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol., Conclusions: Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency were highly prevalent in our group of postmenopausal women, showing an association with an unfavourable lipid profile.
- Published
- 2019
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44. When do you not listen to your doctor.
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Cabral CA and Novais AG
- Published
- 2019
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45. ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest.
- Author
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Ramos FN, Mortara SR, Monalisa-Francisco N, Elias JPC, Neto LM, Freitas L, Kersten R, Amorim AM, Matos FB, Nunes-Freitas AF, Alcantara S, Alexandre MHN, de Almeida-Scabbia RJ, de Almeida OJG, Alves FE, de Oliveira Alves RM, Alvim FS, de Andrade ACS, de Andrade S, Aona LYS, Araujo AC, de Araújo KCT, Ariati V, Assis JC, de Azevedo CO, Barbosa BF, Barbosa DEF, Barbosa FDR, de Barros F, Basilio GA, Bataghin FA, Bered F, Bianchi JS, Blum CT, Boelter CR, Bonnet A, Brancalion PHS, Breier TB, Brion CT, Buzatto CR, Cabral A, Cadorin TJ, Caglioni E, Canêz L, Cardoso PH, de Carvalho FS, Carvalho RG, Catharino ELM, Ceballos SJ, Cerezini MT, César RG, Cestari C, Chaves CJN, Citadini-Zanette V, Coelho LFM, Coffani-Nunes JV, Colares R, Colletta GD, Corrêa NM, da Costa AF, da Costa GM, Costa LMS, Costa NGS, Couto DR, Cristofolini C, da Cruz ACR, Del Neri LA, di Pasquo M, Dos Santos Dias A, Dias LDCD, Dislich R, Duarte MC, Fabricante JR, Farache FHA, de Faria APG, Faxina C, Ferreira MTM, Fischer E, Fonseca CR, Fontoura T, Francisco TM, Furtado SG, Galetti M, Garbin ML, de Gasper AL, Goetze M, Gomes-da-Silva J, Gonçalves MFA, Gonzaga DR, Silva ACGE, Guaraldo AC, Guarino ESG, Guislon AV, Hudson LB, Jardim JG, Jungbluth P, Kaeser SDS, Kessous IM, Koch NM, Kuniyoshi YS, Labiak PH, Lapate ME, Santos ACL, Leal RLB, Leite FS, Leitman P, Liboni AP, Liebsch D, Lingner DV, Lombardi JA, Lucas E, Luzzi JDR, Mai P, Mania LF, Mantovani W, Maragni AG, Marques MCM, Marquez G, Martins C, Martins LDN, Martins PLSS, Mazziero FFF, Melo CA, de Melo MMF, Mendes AF, Mesacasa L, Morellato LPC, Moreno VS, Muller A, Murakami MMDS, Cecconello E, Nardy C, Nervo MH, Neves B, Nogueira MGC, Nonato FR, de Oliveira-Filho AT, de Oliveira CPL, Overbeck GE, Marcusso GM, Paciencia MLB, Padilha P, Padilha PT, Pereira ACA, Pereira LC, Pereira RAS, Pincheira-Ulbrich J, Pires JSR, Pizo MA, Pôrto KC, Rattis L, Reis JRM, Reis SGD, da Rocha-Pessôa TC, Rocha CFD, Rocha FS, Rodrigues ARP, Rodrigues RR, Rogalski JM, Rosanelli RL, Rossado A, Rossatto DR, Rother DC, Ruiz-Miranda CR, Saiter FZ, Sampaio MB, Santana LD, Santos JSD, Sartorello R, Sazima M, Schmitt JL, Schneider G, Schroeder BG, Sevegnani L, Júnior VOS, da Silva FR, da Silva MJ, Silva MPP, Silva RG, Silva SM, Singer RB, Siqueira G, Soares LE, de Sousa HC, Spielmann A, Tonetti VR, Toniato MTZ, Ulguim PSB, van den Berg C, van den Berg E, Varassin IG, da Silva IBV, Vibrans AC, Waechter JL, Weissenberg EW, Windisch PG, Wolowski M, Yañez A, Yoshikawa VN, Zandoná LR, Zanella CM, Zanin EM, Zappi DC, Zipparro VB, Zorzanelli JPF, and Ribeiro MC
- Abstract
Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events., (© 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of America.)
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- 2019
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46. The approach of physiatrists to low back pain across Europe.
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Dincer F, Kesikburun S, Ozdemir O, Yaşar E, Munoz S, Valero R, Juocevidius A, Quittan M, Lukmann A, Winkelman A, Vetra A, Gerdle B, Kiekens C, Branco CA, Smith E, Delargy M, Ilieva E, Boyer FC, Grubisic F, Damjan H, Krüger L, Kankaanpää M, Dimitrova EN, Delic M, Lazovic M, Tomic N, Roussos N, Michail X, Boldrini P, Negrini S, Takac P, Tederko P, and Angerova Y
- Subjects
- Adult, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal therapeutic use, Cross-Sectional Studies, Europe, Female, Humans, Male, Medical History Taking, Middle Aged, Physical Examination, Physical Therapy Modalities statistics & numerical data, Referral and Consultation statistics & numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Low Back Pain therapy, Physiatrists, Practice Patterns, Physicians' statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: Low back pain (LBP) is the most common type of musculoskeletal pain, thus it is one of the most commonly encountered conditions in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. The physicians who are primarily responsible for the nonsurgical management of LBP are physiatrists., Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the approaches of physiatrists to low back pain across Europe. Preferences, tendencies, and priorities in the diagnosis, management, and treatment of LBP, as well as the epidemiological data pertaining to LBP in PRM practice were evaluated in this Europe-wide study., Methods: The study was conducted under the control of the European Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (ESPRM) Musculoskeletal Disorders Research Committee. A total of 576 physiatrists from most European countries participated in the survey., Results: The results show that physiatrists frequently deal with patients with LBP in their daily practice. Most patients are not referred to other departments and are treated with various conservative methods. Less than one-fifth of patients are primarily referred for surgery. The physiatrists believe that a clear diagnosis to account for cases of low back pain is rarely established. The most common diagnosis is discopathy. History and physical examination remain the most valuable clinical evaluation tools for low back pain according to physiatrists. Less than half the patients require a magnetic resonance imaging. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the most commonly prescribed drugs for low back pain. Exercise, back care information, and physical therapy are the preferred conservative treatments. More than half of the physiatrists offer interventional treatments to patients with low back pain., Conclusion: The present study is a preliminary report that presents the attitudes of European physiatrists in the management of low back pain. Further researches are warranted to standardize the conservative management of LBP.
- Published
- 2019
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47. Antiangiogenic evaluation of ZnWO 4 nanoparticles synthesised through microwave-assisted hydrothermal method.
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Santos CJ, Ferreira Soares DC, Ferreira CA, de Barros ALB, Silva Cunha Junior AD, and Filho FM
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- HEK293 Cells, Humans, Oxides chemistry, Tungsten chemistry, Angiogenesis Inhibitors pharmacology, Metal Nanoparticles chemistry, Microwaves, Oxides pharmacology, Tungsten pharmacology, Zinc chemistry
- Abstract
Angiogenesis, the complex process of formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing blood vessels, which involves the participation of several pro- and anti-angiogenic factors, is implicated in many physiological and pathological conditions. Nanoparticle-based anti-angiogenic activity at the tumour tissue, harnessed by the Enhanced Permeability and Retention Effect (EPR effect), could potentially become a breakthrough therapy to halt tumour progression. Herein, we evaluate the anti-angiogenic effect of ZnWO
4 nanoparticles (NPs). The nanoparticles were obtained by microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis (MAHS) at 120 °C for 60 min and were structurally characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and micro-Raman (MR) spectroscopy. The mean size and polydispersity index were estimated by Zeta potential analysis. The XRD analysis revealed structural organisation at a long-range order, with an average crystallite size of around 3.67 nm, while MR revealed short-range order for ZnWO4 . The anti-angiogenic potential of zinc tungstate nanoparticles was investigated through the chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM) using fertilised chicken eggs. We demonstrate, in an unprecedented way, that nanocrystalline ZnWO4 NPs obtained by MAHS, at low reaction temperatures, showed excellent anti-angiogenic properties even at low concentrations. The ZnWO4 NPs were further evaluated for its cytotoxicity in vitro.- Published
- 2018
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48. Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) seed flour prevents obesity-induced hepatic steatosis regulating lipid metabolism by increasing cholesterol excretion in high-fat diet-fed mice.
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da Silva RC, Batista A, Costa DCFD, Moura-Nunes N, Koury JC, da Costa CA, Resende ÂC, and Daleprane JB
- Subjects
- Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Fatty Liver etiology, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Obesity complications, Seeds metabolism, Cholesterol metabolism, Diet, High-Fat, Euterpe metabolism, Fatty Liver prevention & control, Flour, Lipid Metabolism drug effects
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Vincristine-loaded hydroxyapatite nanoparticles as a potential delivery system for bone cancer therapy.
- Author
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Maia ALC, Ferreira CA, Barros ALB, E Silva ATM, Ramaldes GA, Silva Cunha Júnior AD, Oliveira DCP, Fernandes C, and Ferreira Soares DC
- Subjects
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic pharmacokinetics, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic therapeutic use, Bone Neoplasms pathology, Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, Tissue Distribution, Vincristine pharmacokinetics, Vincristine therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic administration & dosage, Bone Neoplasms drug therapy, Drug Delivery Systems, Durapatite chemistry, Nanoparticles chemistry, Vincristine administration & dosage
- Abstract
Despite advances in the development of new therapeutic agents and diagnostic imaging techniques, the 5-year survival of osteosarcoma, the most common type of bone cancer, remains practically unaltered for the last three decades at around 60%. Nanoparticle-based carriers have emerged as new class of drug delivery systems that could potentially overcome conventional chemotherapy limitations, by promoting a better drug biodistribution profile by allowing a preferential accumulation of the drug in the desired tissue, while minimising non-targeted tissue toxicity, thus resulting in an improved overall therapeutic effectiveness. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANP) are known to be biocompatible and non-immunogenic and have shown to be preferentially accumulated in bone tissues being considered a promising carrier to bone tissues. Herein, we successfully synthesised mesoporous hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with mean size of 285.32 ± 10.29 nm and superficial area of 103.5 m
2 /g, containing significant quantities of chemotherapeutic drug vincristine. A spectrophotometric method was developed and validated aiming to quantify the vincristine (VCR)-loaded in nanoparticles. Chorioallantoic membrane assay revealed relevant anti-angiogenic activity of system, leading to accentuated reduction in the number of blood vessels in fertilised eggs. Findings presented in this paper suggested that VCR-loaded HANP has a promising future as a nanocarrier for bone cancer treatment.- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Antidiabetic effect of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) extract and exercise training on high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: A positive interaction.
- Author
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de Bem GF, Costa CA, Santos IB, Cristino Cordeiro VDS, de Carvalho LCRM, de Souza MAV, Soares RA, Sousa PJDC, Ognibene DT, Resende AC, and de Moura RS
- Subjects
- Adipose Tissue drug effects, Adipose Tissue metabolism, Animals, Blood Glucose analysis, Combined Modality Therapy, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental blood, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental therapy, Diet, High-Fat, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 blood, Glycated Hemoglobin analysis, Hypoglycemic Agents isolation & purification, Hypoglycemic Agents pharmacology, Insulin blood, Insulin Resistance, Interleukin-6 blood, Leptin blood, Lipids blood, Male, Muscle, Skeletal drug effects, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Random Allocation, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Seeds chemistry, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental drug therapy, Euterpe, Hypoglycemic Agents therapeutic use, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Phytotherapy, Plant Extracts therapeutic use
- Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests a protective role of polyphenols and exercise training on the disorders of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to assess the effect of the açaí seed extract (ASE) associated with exercise training on diabetic complications induced by high-fat (HF) diet plus streptozotocin (STZ) in rats. Type 2 diabetes was induced by feeding rats with HF diet (55% fat) for 5 weeks and a single dose of STZ (35 mg/kg i.p.). Control (C) and Diabetic (D) animals were subdivided into four groups each: Sedentary, Training, ASE Sedentary, and ASE Training. ASE (200 mg/kg/day) was administered by gavage and the exercise training was performed on a treadmill (30min/day; 5 days/week) for 4 weeks after the diabetes induction. In type 2 diabetic rats, the treatment with ASE reduced blood glucose, insulin resistance, leptin and IL-6 levels, lipid profile, and vascular dysfunction. ASE increased the expression of insulin signaling proteins in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue and plasma GLP-1 levels. ASE associated with exercise training potentiated the reduction of glycemia by decreasing TNF-α levels, increasing pAKT and adiponectin expressions in adipose tissue, and IR and pAMPK expressions in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic rats. In conclusion, ASE treatment has an antidiabetic effect in type 2 diabetic rats by activating the insulin-signaling pathway in muscle and adipose tissue, increasing GLP-1 levels, and an anti-inflammatory action. Exercise training potentiates the glucose-lowering effect of ASE by activating adiponectin-AMPK pathway and increasing IR expression., Competing Interests: We have read the journal's policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: Roberto Soares de Moura is the inventor of the following patent application: Process to obtain decoctions of skins and stone of the fruit of Euterpe oleracea (Açai); process to obtain a hydro-alcoholic extract from the decoctions; process to obtain a lyophilized and/or spray dried from the hydro-alcoholic extracts; process to obtain pharmaceutical preparations containing the lyophilized and/or spay dried, and therapeutic indications of the preparations as vasodilators and on the prevention and treatment of vasospastic ischemical syndromes and arterial hypertension (PI/0604281-3). The other authors have declared that no competing interests exist. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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