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Afghanistan as a country surrounded by land and involved in successive wars, has turned into a purely consumer country, and at the same time, it has rich mines and many potential economic facilities, it is in dire need of international economic partners to be able to meet the challenges May the economy succeed in its own way. After 11 years of negotiations, the World Trade Organization accepted Afghanistan's accession at the ministerial conference in December 2015 in Nairobi, Kenya, and on July 29, 2016, the Afghan government officially became a member of the World Trade Organization. This research is a descriptive research that collects data and information in the form of a booklet with a detailed review of information and a summary of the material obtained from many reliable sources, international trade and Afghanistan laws and procedures. Consequently, Afghanistan joining the World Trade Organization is like entering the usual field of killing in Afghanistan. Whoever has more bargaining power and the possibility of more production and free industrial competition will be the winner. Since Afghanistan is currently known as a country in declining value, some members of the World Trade Organization tried to expand the market for their export items by facilitating the country's accession to this organization and, on the other hand, to raw materials available in Afghanistan and is easily and cheaply available. The membership of this large and important business organization for Afghanistan will bring advantages and disadvantages, which are mostly related to the economic and financial policies of the government and the performance of the managers of this important field, and its consequences and practical results, will determine the future.

The burgeoning interrelations among nations have formed the cornerstone in facilitating cross-border communication and establishing connections among individuals from diverse nationalities, prompted by reasons such as marriage, collaborative endeavors, educational pursuits, tourism, among others, leading them to sojourn in foreign lands governed by legal frameworks distinct from their own. Consequently, these individuals often grapple with a plethora of challenges and legal issues during their residency. Over the years, a considerable number of foreign nationals, hailing from jurisdictions characterized by varying legal paradigms, have taken up residence and employment in Afghanistan. This study aims to elucidate the legal standing of foreign nationals as delineated within the domestic legislation of Afghanistan, a nation governed by Islamic Sharia law. The outcomes of this research are poised to equip legal practitioners with insights into their forthcoming obligations while furnishing readers with valuable legal knowledge. The data underpinning this investigation, sourced through library and documentary inquiries, underwent scrutiny via a descriptive-analytical methodology, supplemented primarily by a content analysis framework. The analysis underscores that, while the legal system in Afghanistan generally upholds the rights and civil liberties of individuals from diverse nationalities, the burgeoning complexity of contemporary cross-border relations necessitates continued diligence and concerted efforts to address emerging challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pakistan, with agriculture contributing 18.9% to its economy, is significantly impacted by climate change. According to German Watch, Pakistan is the 7th most vulnerable country to climate change. This study examines how media shapes the discourse on environmental issues and the extent of coverage provided to these topics. A qualitative content analysis of three leading English newspapers was conducted, focusing on op-ed pages over a four-year period from 2021 to 2024. Despite media's role as a societal mirror, the content on these platforms is often dominated by media elites and powerful establishments. The findings reveal that while there is substantial coverage of climate change and related issues, different newspapers employ various frames such as global warming, pollution, melting glaciers, and rising sea levels. However, the overall low coverage of environmental issues results in a public that is less sensitive to these critical topics. This insufficient coverage has significant implications for both individuals and society at large. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]