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Background: Many people in the world suffer from gastroduodenal ulcers, therefore, studying the therapeutic strategies of these ulcers are considered as the research priorities in any country. The aim of this study was to survey the preventive property of zinc nanoparticles of Matricaria chamomilla on ethanolinduced gastroduodenal ulcers in rats. Methods: In this study, 30 adult females rats were divided into 5 groups, randomly: negative healthy control receiving distilled water, untreated negative control receiving distilled water, positive control receiving omeprazole 60 mg/kg, one group receiving the aqueous extract of M. chamomilla at 200 mg/kg concentrations, and another group receiving the zinc nanoparticles of aqueous extract M. chamomilla at 0.5mg/kg concentrations. After 14 days, gastroduodenal ulcers were caused by ethanol. Four hours after oral administration of ethanol, the stomach, and duodenum samples of the rats were dissected. Malondialdehyde, Superoxide dismutase activity, and prevention index were measured and histopathological studies were performed. Results: The zinc nanoparticles of aqueous extract M. chamomilla could significantly decrease the raised levels of MDA and INU and enhance SOD and IU as compared to other groups. Also, the zinc nanoparticles of aqueous extract prevented significantly small, medium, and large gastroduodenal ulcers as compared to other groups. Conclusion: It seems that the zinc nanoparticles of aqueous extract M. chamomilla can prevent gastroduodenal ulcers in rats without any side effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease of beta cells in the islets of Langerhans, which are responsible for making insulin. Even with insulin therapy, inflammatory complications will develop in the long term. The present study examines changes in serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, interferon (IFN)-?, C-peptide, Insulin as well as fasting blood sugar (FBS) in control, diabetic and diabetic treated with curcumin groups. Thirty inbred C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups of 10 mice: group A consisted of healthy mice receiving citrate buffer, group B included a group of diabetic mice, and group C was a group of diabetic mice treated with curcumin. The cytokine levels were measured in the supernatant of stimulated splenocytes using enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Radioimmunoassay was used to measure insulin and c-peptide levels. The FBS was measured by an automatic glucometer device. The levels of IL-6, IL-17, and IFN-?, as well as FBS, was significantly decreased in the treated group with curcumin compared to the diabetic group mice (p<0.05). TNF-a levels were also low, but the difference was not significant. IL-10, plasma C-peptide, and insulin significantly increased in the supernatant of stimulated splenocytes of treated diabetic group than in the diabetic group (p<0/05). According to the results, this study supports the anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin; however, more studies are needed to investigate theeffects of curcumin and the dose-response relationship in this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]