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Despite the numerous exemplary efforts taking place to develop sustainable systems of power generation globally, coal will remain an essential and significant part of Bangladeshʼs energy generation. The Government of Bangladesh needs to provide a more reliable and transparent power market for citizens to meet Bangladeshʼs rising energy demand. Consequently, various coal‐based mega projects were undertaken by the Bangladesh government to ensure an affordable and reliable power supply. Half of the targeted electricity was designated to be produced from imported coal. Hence, the development strategy or the reformation of policy in the energy sector may contribute to the current shortcomings in policy approach including inadequate energy infrastructure, regulation and co‐ordination issues. This review focuses on the increasing demand for coal, supply issues, socio‐environmental requirements and significant coal import to encourage realistic advancement of the energy sector in Bangladesh. Moreover, forecasting the requirement of coal for mega power projects from 2021 to 2041 was highlighted. The water resource supply for coal‐based power plants and approaches for reducing CO2 and other emissions were also addressed. Finally, initiatives for fulfilling Sustainable Development Goals in the Bangladesh energy sector were also discussed in this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bangladesh is a small country with its large population struggled with several challenges over the last few decades, including overpopulation, power grid disruptions, floods, and global warming. Sufficient rate of energy production is must for a developing country, but quickly expanding population and overall economic growth interrupt the energy sector. Renewable energy plays a vital role to contribute in this sector. For becoming an agricultural country biomass is an important sustainable energy source for this country. Organic crop residues, animal waste, and municipal solid waste are the most accessible biomass energy sources in this country. On the other hand, by using the membrane gas separation technology the quality biogas can be improved and it helps the environment from the toxic CO 2 which is a major element of biogas. This study represents the extension, potential and innovations identified with the utilization of biomass assets. Besides the improvement of biogas also discussed in this paper. This paper also represents the various initiatives conducted by the government that are all relevant to biomass energy. This work further can be studies to innovate different biomass technology and to improve the quality of biogas. [Display omitted] • Biomass is an alternative and sustainable renewable energy source in Bangladesh. • Thermal and bio-chemical methods are widely used for changing over biomass to energy. • Government plan is to produce electricity by utilizing natural gas, liquid fuel, and peat. • Membrane gas separation technology is used to increase the quality of gas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contamination of groundwater by arsenic (As) in Bangladesh is the biggest impairing of a population, with a large number of peoples affected. Specifically, groundwater of Gangetic Delta is alarmingly contaminated with arsenic. Similar, perilous circumstances exist in many other countries and consequently, there is a dire need to develop cost-effective decentralized filtration unit utilizing low-cost adsorbents for eliminating arsenic from water. Morphological synthesis of carbon with unique spherical, nanorod, and massive nanostructures were achieved by solvothermal method. Owing to their intrinsic adsorption properties and different nanostructures, these nanostructures were employed as adsorption of arsenic in aqueous solution, with the purpose to better understanding the morphological effect in adsorption. It clearly demonstrated that carbon with nanorods morphology exhibited an excellent adsorption activity of arsenite (about 82%) at pH 3, remarkably superior to the two with solid sphere and massive microstructures, because of its larger specific surface area, enhanced acid strength and improved adsorption capacity. Furthermore, we discovered that iron hydroxide radicals and energy-induced contact point formation in nanorods are the responsible for the high adsorption of As in aqueous solution. Thus, our work provides insides into the microstructure-dependent capability of different carbon for As adsorption applications. [Display omitted] • Novel micro-structured carbon-based adsorbents were used to removal arsenic (As). • The adsorbents were able to remove As more effectively than spherical and massive structured carbon. • Surface radicals and energy-induced contact point were enhanced the electrostatic interaction with As. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Organic acid assisted environmentally friendly efficient recovery process was reported. • The low activation energy with diffusion-controlled reaction was evident from this study. • The impact leaching chemicals on the environmental footprint was highlighted. Rapid growth in the market for batteries is imperative to meet global demand. The lack of economically feasible and environmentally benign recycling process for waste batteries may cause environmental crisis. Taking effective measures could reduce the waste-management challenge and maximize the economic benefits. In this work, environmentally benign citric acid with the presence of reluctant was used to recover cobalt, manganese, nickel and lithium from waste Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt oxide (NCM) batteries. Recovery of Co, Mn, Ni, and Li was optimized by varying the citric acid and H 2 O 2 concentrations, the reaction temperature and duration. The recovery of Co, Mn, Ni, and Li were 87%, 90.5%, 93.5% and 96% respectively under the optimum leaching condition of 1.2 mol/L citric acid, 10 vol% H 2 O 2 at 95° for 120 min. Interfacial reaction controlled leaching reaction at low temperature was evident from the results of leaching kinetics with apparent activation energy of 3.75, 10.405.34 and 8.72 kJ mol−1 for Co, Mn, Ni and Li, respectively. Importantly, the diffusion controlled leaching reaction was evident from the kinetic and activation energy measurement of leaching. The impact of different chemicals on the environment measured from the Biwer and Heinzle Method (BHM) revealed that the citric acid-assisted leaching process to recover valuable metals from NCM batteries was appeared lower environment impact compare to the other process reported in the literature. The high leaching efficiency and lower impact to the environment provides a novel approach for metal recovery of waste NCM batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]