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• Micronutrients crucially affect the growth, quality, and market value of horticultural crops. • Balanced micronutrient supply enhances fruit size, color, flavor, and overall yield. • Micronutrients enrich crop nutritional profiles and address global malnutrition concerns. • Effective micronutrient management can mitigate the global health and environmental challenges. Horticultural crop quality is an important aspect of agricultural production because it directly influences customer preference, market value, and overall sustainability. Micronutrients are important for plant nutrition because they affect the growth, development, and quality of horticultural crops. This review provides an in-depth understanding of the role of micronutrients in horticultural crop quality and productivity. This study investigated the characteristics of micronutrients, their functions in plant growth and development, and the most prevalent micronutrient deficits in horticultural crops. This study discusses the obstacles and issues associated with each micronutrient treatment technique, including soil, foliar, and fertigation application. It also emphasizes the effects of micronutrients on horticultural crop quality, such as increased plant growth and yield, improvements in fruit quality attributes (size, color, and flavor), increased nutritional value and bioactive compounds, reduced postharvest losses, and extended shelf life. Micronutrient functions in plants have been studied, including absorption, transport, and accumulation, as well as interactions with other nutrients and signaling pathways. Recent research breakthroughs, such as studies on specific micronutrients, micronutrient interactions and synergies, innovative methods for micronutrient application and formulation, and developing technologies for micronutrient assessment, are also covered in this review. The practical consequences and recommendations for micronutrient management systems were investigated, as were concerns regarding sustainable and efficient micronutrient utilization and future research goals. Overall, this study underlines the importance of micronutrients in increasing crop quality and productivity, and the potential influence of future research on this subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the age related radiological finding in pulmonary tuberculosis. Study design: A cross sectional study. Place and duration of study: From January 2009 to December 2009 pulmonary department of Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawal Pur. Patients and method: The cases diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis of either gender above age of 12 years were included in the study. Patients suffering from extra pulmonary tuberculosis, treatment failure, relapse, drug resistant tuberculosis and HIV sero-positive patients were excluded from the study. Patients were divided into groups according to the age. Group 1 consist of patients having age ⩾ 50years while group 2 consist of patients having <50 years. Data was recorded on the Proforma and was analyzed statistically on SPSS 11. Results: this study consists of 106 patients and divided into two groups. It has been found that apical zone of lung involvement was more common in patients younger than 50 years while involvement of lower zone was more common in patients with age ⩾50years. No significant difference was found regarding the involvement of middle zone, multiple zones and the type of lesions as the p-value was >0.05. Conclusions: the elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis have predominant involvement of lower zones. So, lower zone involvement of radiological lesions should be evaluated for pulmonary tuberculosis to start the treatment earlier and to minimize the risk of missing the diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fusarium wilt is a principle disease of chilli crop in Kashmir and has assumed a serious proportion. The varieties identified as resistant to a particular pathogen may not have desirable traits, however, can be used as donors. Two resistant and 6 susceptible chilli (Capsicum annum L.) genotypes and their twelve F1 hybrids showing variable degree of resistance to Fusarium wilt were analyzed for phenols and phenolic enzymes, under both uninoculated and inoculated conditions at different growth stages. Generally total phenols ortho-dihydroxy phenols and the enzyme activity were invariably high in resistant parents and hybrids irrespective of growth stages, while, in case of susceptible parents the phenols content and enzyme activities were comparatively less. There existed a positive correlation between the host resistance and the amount of phenols and increased enzyme activities while it was almost the opposite in susceptible lines. The positive association of higher phenols and enzymes with resistance could be of immense value for early and quick identification of resistant genotypes during screening of large populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses the connection between anti-Semitism and Islamophobia. Explanation that anti-semitism is directed against both Muslims and Jews because they are both Semitic peoples; Reference to the book "The Jews of Islam," by Bernard Lewis; View of the author that Muslim minorities in Europe suffer the same discrimination faced by Jewish immigrants; Influence of Islamic and Jewish extremists on the presence of anti-Semitism and Islamophobia.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a fundamental crop essential for both human and animal consumption. Addressing the challenge of enhancing wheat yield involves sophisticated applications of molecular genetics and genomic techniques. This review synthesizes current research identifying and characterizing pivotal genes that impact traits such as grain size, number, and weight, critical factors influencing overall yield. Key genes including TaSPL17, ABP7, TaGNI, TaCKX6, TaGS5, TaDA1, WAPO1, TaRht1, TaTGW-7A, TaGW2, TaGS5-3A, TaSus2-2A, TaSus2-2B, TaSus1-7A, and TaSus1-7B are examined for their roles in these traits. The review also explores genes responsive to environmental changes, which are increasingly significant under current climate variability. Multi-trait regulatory genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that contribute to these traits are discussed, highlighting their dual influences on grain size and yield. Furthermore, the paper underscores the utility of emerging technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9, Case13, and multi-omics approaches. These innovations are instrumental for future discoveries and are poised to revolutionize wheat breeding by enabling precise genetic enhancements. Facing unprecedented challenges from climate change, the identification and utilization of these candidates is crucial. This review aims to be a comprehensive resource for researchers, providing an integrative understanding of complex traits in wheat and proposing new avenues for research and crop improvement strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Horticultural crops are essential for human nutrition, providing vital nutrients and contributing to aesthetic beauty. • Abiotic stresses pose a significant challenge to global crop production and food security. • Although, the application of melatonin in plants is still an emerging field,notably in boosting tolerance against abiotic stresses. • This review provides an overview of the potential benefits of melatonin in enhancing the abiotic stress tolerance of horticultural plants. Horticultural plants face significant challenges in maintaining productivity and quality owing to environmental stresses, including salinity, drought, heavy metal toxicity, and extreme temperatures. As a consequence, effective strategies are needed to enhance plant resilience to mitigate the effects of these stresses. Melatonin, a naturally occurring molecule, has emerged as a promising tool to improve abiotic stress tolerance in horticultural plants. Melatonin exhibits multiple protective mechanisms, including scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), enhancing antioxidant defense systems, regulating stomatal closure, modulating gene expression, and promoting osmotic adjustment. This review highlights the potential application of melatonin as a novel approach to enhance abiotic stress tolerance and boost plant growth and physiological functions in horticultural plants, necessitating further research and practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stigmasterol has been studied for its numerous biological effects on various metabolic diseases, but its potential role as a ubiquitous biomolecule in the plant kingdom is still in its infancy. Efficient utilization of stigmasterol's properties, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and self-assembly, is necessary for the food industry to effectively prevent microbial growth in food., in addition, to delaying rancidity by slowing down lipid oxidation. The need for safer alternatives in postharvest disease mitigation is driving scientists to consider stigmasterol as a potential solution to tackle a wide array of food-related dilemmas. This comprehensive review paper examines the roles of stigmasterol in the context of the food industry. Moreover, it encompasses its identification, content levels, and production pathways, and suggests future research directions for natural alternatives in food preservation. In addition, exogenous stigmasterol treatment not only delayed quality deterioration, ripening, and senescence but also enhanced cold stress tolerance and defense mechanisms against diseases relevant to food items. The multiple biological functions of stigmasterol in food have been attributed to its induction and interaction with reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide, which improved antioxidant and defense systems, decreased oxidative and microbial damage, and stigmasterol also possesses a safety profile. However, in-depth research is needed to uncover stigmasterol's full potential in food science and technology, particularly for ensuring food safety and regulatory compliance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The core objective of current research work is to observe the effects of different edible coatings on eggs for enhancing shelf life. For the purpose, brown and white eggs were procured from different local farms. After application of edible coatings i.e. shellac and chitosan, the quality characteristics i.e. haugh unit, yolk index, yolk color, albumin pH and shell color were observed. The maximum yolk index occur in noncoated eggs that is 0.42 for desi and 0.43 for farmi to 0.26 for desi and 0.23 for farmi whereas among shellac treatments minimum yolk index observed in T2. Edible coatings effectively extended the shelf life of eggs when stored at room temperature by preserving its quality characteristics. Chitosan and shellac coatings minimized the weight loss than those observed for noncoated eggs. Conclusively, the coating materials have potential use in delaying charges in the interior quality of eggs and maintaining their shelf life. Practical Applications The current manuscript has innovative data for enhancing the shelflife of eggs regarding summer season. Edible coatings increased the shelflife of eggs that is beneficial for industrial point of view [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: Woven fabric; denting; reed; appearance; performance properties; ANOVA; ; ; ; ; ; EN Woven fabric denting reed appearance performance properties ANOVA ZH 8923 8936 14 11/21/22 20221220 NES 221220 Introduction Woven fabric is produced by three successive fundamental operations where beat up is the final operation among them. Tensile strength results of warp and weft direction of all samples Maximum tensile strength at both warp and weft direction was found to be 388.81 N and 343.67 N respectively for sample 1. For samples 2, 3 and 4, values of tensile strength were 359.55 N, 317.60 N, and 288.50 N respectively at warp direction; and correspondence tensile strength for the samples at weft direction were 322.73 N, 312.12 N, and 275.34 N. There was vivid discrepancy for elongation (%) at maximum force between warp and weft direction. [Extracted from the article]

Herein, we present the synthesis and experimental characterization of the electronic and structural properties of Y 3 Rh 4 Ge 13 crystallizing in the chiral cubic space group I 2 1 3(#199) as confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. Resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and specific-heat measurements confirm bulk superconductivity with a transition temperature T C = 1.45 K. Analyses using the α- model and McMillan's formula suggest that Y 3 Rh 4 Ge 13 is a weak-coupling superconductor. Low-energy Einstein phonon modes observed in the specific heat are attributable to the characteristic cage structures in the crystal. Y 3 Rh 4 Ge 13 possessing the chiral cubic structure provides a promising new platform for exploring the magnetoelectric (or Edelstein) effect in superconductivity. • Superconductivity realized in Y 3 Rh 4 Ge 13 possessing a chiral cubic crystal structure. • A promising new platform for exploring the magnetoelectric (or Edelstein) effect. • Low-energy Einstein phonon modes attributable to the characteristic cage structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes Mellitus is a very common metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and altered metabolism of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates due to absolute or relative insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. There is a close association between complications of Diabetes and Diabetic Dyslipidemias. The lowering of LDL levels with statins varies from 20 to 60% and greatest effects are seen with the most potent statins such as Atorvastatin, and Rosuvastatin in higher doses. Objectives: The objective of the study was; to compare Rosuvastatin with Atorvastatin in terms of mean change in LDL-C in patients of Diabetes Mellitus. Study Design: Randomized Control Trail. Setting: Department of Medicine DHQ Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: Six months from 01/10/2018 to 31/03/2019. Material & Methods: Results: A total of 160 cases (80 in each group) fulfilling the inclusive/exclusive criteria were enrolled to compare Rosuvastatin with Atorvastatin in terms of mean change in LDL-C in patients of Diabetes Mellitus. Mean LDL-C levels at baseline was recorded as 159.61+1.22 in Group-A and 159.51+1.21 in Group-B, p value was calculated as 0.603 showing insignificant difference. Mean LDL-C after 6 weeks of treatment was recorded as 129.11p+1.50 in Group-A and 129.89+2.23 in Group-B, p value was calculated as 0.01 showing significant difference. Mean change in LDL-C level after 6 weeks of treatment was recorded as 30.5+1.88 in Group-A and 29.63+2.57 in Group-B, p value was calculated as 0.01 showing a significant difference. The data was stratified for Age, Gender, Duration of Diabetes Mellitus and control of Diabetes Mellitus. Conclusion: This study proves superiority of Rosuvastain over Atorvastatin in reducing LDL-C level in type 2 DM Patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

3-D Bioprinting is employed as a novel approach in biofabrication to promote skin regeneration following chronic-wounds and injury. A novel bioink composed of carbohydrazide crosslinked {polyethylene oxide- co - Chitosan-co- poly(methylmethacrylic-acid)} (PEO-CS-PMMA) laden with Nicotinamide and human dermal fibroblast was successfully synthesized via Free radical-copolymerization at 73 °C. The developed bioink was characterized in term of swelling, structural-confirmation by solid state 13C-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), morphology, thermal, 3-D Bioprinting via extrusion, rheological and interaction with DNA respectively. The predominant rate of gelation was attributed to the electrostatic interactions between cationic CS and anionic PMMA pendant groups. The morphology of developed bioink presented a porous architecture satisfying the cell and growth-factor viability across the barrier. The thermal analysis revealed two-step degradation with 85 % weight loss in term of decomposition and molecular changes in the bioink moieties By applying low pressure in the range of 25–50 kPa, the optimum reproducibility and printability were determined at 37 °C in the viscosity range of 500–550 Pa. s. A higher survival rate of 92 % was observed for (PEO-CS-PMMA) in comparison to 67 % for pure chitosan built bioink. A binding constant of K ≈ 1.8 × 106 M−1 recognized a thermodynamically stable interaction of (PEO-CS-PMMA) with the Salmon-DNA. Further, the addition of PEO (5.0 %) was addressed with better self-healing and printability to produce skin-tissue constructs to replace the infected skin in human. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genetic analysis of an inbred Pakistani family PKDF280, segregating prelingual severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss, provided evidence for a DFNB locus on human chromosome 9q34.3. Co-segregation of the deafness trait with marker D9SH159 was determined by a two-point linkage analysis (LOD score 9.43 at θ=0). Two additional large families, PKDF517 and PKDF741, co-segregate recessive deafness with markers linked to the same interval. Haplotype analyses of these three families refined the interval to 3.84 Mb defined by D9S1818 (centromeric) and D9SH6 (telomeric). This interval overlaps with the previously reported DFNB33 locus whose chromosomal map position has been recently revised and assigned to a new position on chromosome 10p11.23–q21.1. The nonsyndromic deafness locus on chromosome 9q segregating in family PKDF280 was designated DFNB79. We are currently screening the 113 candidate DFNB79 genes for mutations and have excluded CACNA1B, EDF1, PTGDS, EHMT1, QSOX2, NOTCH1, MIR126 and MIR602. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Aim of the study: This study was conducted to document the ethnoveterinary practices (EVPs) used for the treatment and/or management of reproductive disorders of cattle and buffaloes. Materials and methods: The information was collected using rapid and participatory rural appraisal techniques through interviews and focused group discussions with 217 traditional veterinary healers (TVHs) over a period of 16 months. Results: The use of 66 plant species was documented for the treatment of reproductive disorders in the two dairy species. Most frequently reported (≥20 times) plants represented Apiaceae, Poaceae, Pedaliaceae, Linaceae, Arecaceae, Brassicaceae, Malvaceae, Zingiberaceae, Rosaceae, Cannabaceae, Fabaceae, Moraceae, Rubiaceae and Mimosaceae families. All the documented plant species were indigenous to the study area. Genital prolapse, retention of fetal membranes, silent estrous/delayed puberty, anestrous, dystokia associated with incomplete cervical dilatation and retention of lochial discharge were the frequently reported reproductive disorders. Some of the plants were reported to be used in more than one condition. Materials other than plants used for the treatment of these disorders included camel milk, butter and butter fat, minerals, eggs, organic matters, chemical substances and meat preparations. These materials were used either alone or as adjunctive therapy. Conclusion: Richness of EVPs in the study area and extensive variation in the doses, methods of preparation, indications, and claims regarding efficacy of plants for various disorders merit controlled studies for their validation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Highlights from the article: It was noted that parasitoid diet based on holly hock, It was noted that parasitoid diet based on holly hock, When holly hock, marigold and sunflower based diet Parasitoid diet based on flowers and honey solution Holly hock, marigold and sunflower based diet was.