Search

Background: Anorectal malformations (ARMs) are among the most common congenital defects seen in pediatric surgery, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 2000 to 1 in 5000 live births. Identification of malformation type and level is essential for the postnatal care of children with ARM. Objectives: To assess the role of MRI in preoperative and postoperative evaluation of anorectal malformation. Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in the diagnostic radiology department at Qena University Hospital. It was performed on 30 cases of anorectal malformation patients; and all of them were subjected to MRI for preoperative or postoperative evaluation. Results: A total of 30 anorectal malformation patients were included in this study, 19 patients presented by anterior ectopic anus(63.3%) and 11 patients presented by imperforated anus (36.7%). The study detected anatomical malformation pre-operative and detected degree of correction of this malformation and the postoperative complication. Conclusion: MRI provided elaborate anatomical details which were well correlated with the operative findings. MRI is the single imaging modality which can answer all these aspects of ARM accurately in a single sitting and without use of any ionizing radiation to child.

Background: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in neonates is one of the common causes of morbidity and mortality. The clinical presentation and imaging findings are the corner stone in the diagnosis and determination of the severity of NE. Objectives: Our study was planned to test the function of MRI and TCUS in the early recognition of neonatal HIE cerebral injuries. Patients and methods: Our study registered 50 newborns presented with HIE manifestations. Brain MRI and TCUS were performed for each case and the results were compared. Results: MRI findings were positive in 37 cases. The diagnostic accuracy of TCUS was 72 % while of MRI was 88%. The sensitivity of MRI was 78.9% and specificity was 81.8%. The sensitivity of TCUS was 70 % and the specificity was 60%. Conclusion: TCUS is an efficient screening method in early detection of the etiology of NE in suspected cases; in seriously ill neonates it is sometimes important; however, early MRI is obligatory as it can detect precisely the degree of brain injury compared with TCUS alone.

Background:Doppler ultrasound is a non-invasive, inexpensive tool that complements the role of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and catheter digital angiography in the diagnosis, and monitoring of vascular disease. Objectives:The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the lower limb arterial system in diabetic foot patients and to analyze the role of color Doppler in the diagnosis of diabetic arteriopathy. Patients and methods: This is a case-control study conducted at Qena University Hospital, South Valley University, Qena. Group I: 40 healthy people were included in the control group. Group II: 40 patients known to be diabetic in the duration between August 2019 to August 2020. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the flow lumen diameter of the right / left dorsalispedis artery and the right / left posterior tibialartery. There was a significant difference between the two groups regarding the vessel wall thickness of the right / left dorsalispedis artery and right / left posterior tibial artery. The majority of patients had biphasic flow patterns in both the dorsalispedis artery and posterior tibial artery, and blood flow parameters (PSV, PI, RI) for PDA and PTA were found to be significantly higher in the diabetic group and the EDV was found significantly lower in the diabetic group. Conclusion: Doppler ultrasound has a high diagnostic yield in depicting abnormalities in patients with clinical features of peripheral arterial disease.

Background:Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) include spectrum of anatomical abnormalities of the hip joint (dislocated, subluxed ,and dysplasia) arising from a deviation in normal hip development during embryonic, fetal and infantile growth periods.the use of ultrasonography is recommended as well as the clinical evaluation. It is the best to clarify the physical finding, detect a high-risk infant and monitoring DDH to be observed or treated Objectives:Ultrasound has provided increased accuracy in comparison to the clinical and radiographic examinations which has been the accepted techniques for evaluating the hip in the first year of life Patients and methods: The current study was aretrospective study conducted at qena university hospitalfrom 2019 to 2020.ultrasound machine used to obtain alpha angle , assessment of structural anatomy and hip joint stability. Results: right leg affection is represented in 25% for clinically suspected analyzed cases. Left leg represent 30% , both legs represent 40% . Conclusion: Ultrasonographic techniques include static assessment of morphologic features of the hip, as popularized in Europe by Graf and a dynamic evaluation, as developed by Harcke that assesses the hip for stability of the femoral head in the socket, as well as static anatomy. the use of ultrasonography is recommended as an adjunct to the clinical evaluation. It is the technique of choice for extract a physical finding,detect a high-risk infant and monitoring DDH to be observed or treated.

Background: Ovarian cancer stands as a greatly dangerous gynecological malignancy with elevated mortality rate. Imaging plays a pivotal role in identification and planning of treatment of accidentally detected ovarian lesions, as earlier diagnosis of ovarian malignancy has strong relation with good prognosis. Objectives: This study goal is assessment of the effectiveness of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to discriminate malignancy & benign ovarian neoplasms. Patients and method: Twenty cases with histopathologically determined complex and solid ovarian tumors (10 benign ,8 malignant and 2 borderline) had traditional MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The integrals of the peak of creatine, choline, lipid and (NAA) N-acetyl aspartate evaluated. The choline to creatine, lipid to creatine and NAA to Creatine ratios had been detected and then compared among the groups of malignant and benign neoplasms. Results: Our study showed mean of choline to creatine ratio was 4.29 ±1.7 in benign tumors in contrast to 8.06±1.4 in malignant ones, with significant differences in statics (PV of 0.000). There have been no significant statics differences of the malignancy or the benign neoplasms as regard NAA to creatine (PV of 0.12) and lipid to creatine ratio (PV of 0.19). An edge of 4.29 of choline to creatine for characterizing benign and malignant tumors had 91.7% sensitivity, 100% specificity and 95% accuracy. Conclusion: This experimental research reached that proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy is different in malignancy and in benign complex and solid ovarian neoplasms and that choline to creatine ratio will help to differ malignant and benign ovarian neoplasms.

Abstract Background The progressive improvement in the educational level of the Arab world has been accompanied by a surge of scientific productivity. Mental health research, especially in the last four decades, is one such endeavor. Mental health research output over almost a century, from 1920 to 2018, is reviewed. Method A literature review was conducted using PubMed, PsychInfo, Cochrane, and the IDRAAC search engine to identify mental health publications over the past 100 years. Trends of mental health research were explored over time with reference to country population and gross domestic product (GDP). Results A total of 3373 articles were retrieved. The three countries with the highest number of mental health publications in the past century are Egypt, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), and Lebanon, representing together 41.5% of the productivity of all 22 Arab countries. The top producers also had the highest collaboration rates with other Arab countries (20%) as well as non-Arab countries. The top three publishers per capita are Lebanon, Kuwait, and Bahrain. When GDP was factored in, the top three countries are Lebanon, Palestine, and Tunisia. Most publications over the last decade (80%) were in international non-local journals. The leading subjects of research were epidemiology, mood disorders, obsessive compulsive behavior, and mental health services. Conclusion Arab speaking countries have been increasing their mental health productivity over the past 100 years; however, only a handful of those countries were relatively active. Those leaders also had the highest level of Arab and international collaboration. Investing in regional and international collaborations is a solid recommendation of this review.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy, as compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel under the flexor retinaculum; it is more frequent in middle aged women and mostly occurs bilateral. Objectives: Prospective case control study of Evaluation of ultrasound and color Doppler accuracy in diagnosis of carpel tunnel syndrome. Patients and methods: Prospective –case control clinical study was conducted during the time period from august 2019 to June 2020. Thirty subjects were included in the study (60 wrists) 20 were females and 10 males. They were referred to the radiology department at south valley university hospital from orthopaedic and rheumatology departments of south valley university hospital for ultrasound examination of the carpal tunnel after taking oral consent. Results: Out of 30 wrists with CTS, 5 (16.7%) of them had detected intraneural abnormal hypervasculature in Color duplex and power duplex of median nerve. In case of control group, only one wrist had detected intraneural abnormal hypervasculature in color and power duplex of median nerve. The significant cut off value for CSA of the median nerve in ultrasound (p-value 9mm2 with a sensitivity of93%, specificity32%and at quadratus level is >8mm2 with sensitivity84.31%, specificity78.5%. Conclusion: From all above discussed results we will establish and recommend a scheme for diagnosis of CTS based on ultrasound. Lastly this study used US with Doppler study to diagnose CTS ,US is easy ,rapid ,less costly and more comfortable method to patients suspected CTS and so it can be preliminary in diagnosis of CTS and grading.

Background: Patients' chances of surviving breast cancer have increased thanks to multimodal therapy. After breast-conserving surgery, hypofractionated radiation (RT) is quickly becoming one of the alternatives for breast cancer patients (BCS). Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the thoracic radiotherapy's effects on patients with breast cancer's ability to breathe normally and engage in physical activity. Patients and methods: This was a prospective study which was carried out at Oncology Department & Chest Department of Qena University Hospitals. Spirometry was performed to all included patients to assess their lung function. Results: The mean and range of spirometer values 3 months after radiotherapy. The mean FEV1 was 65 % predicted, the mean FVC was 62.7 % predicted, the mean FEV1/FVC was 83.7% and the mean FEF25%-75% was 70.27 % predicted. Conclusion: In radiotherapy, the lung is a major organ at risk because of the risk of radiation-induced lung injury. Silent radiation pneumonitis is a common side effect of radiotherapy. FEV1 and FVC parameters are decreased after radiotherapy due to acute radiation-induced lung injury. Spirometry can be used in assessing lung functions after radiotherapy. N3 stage showed significant decrease in FEV1 and FVC compared to other lower N stages. Max. lung dose was found to be the best predictor of the occurrence of radiation pneumonitis.

Abstract Background At present, the prevalence of pregestational diabetes is 2.2% with an overall prevalence of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy of about 16.2%. Fetuses of diabetic mothers are at risk of functional cardiac abnormalities without structural cardiac anomalies especially in the third trimester. The main aim of this study was to assess the association of diabetes with different fetal echocardiographic parameters. Methods A case control study comprising a total of 120 pregnant women (60 cases and 60 controls). The cases group included fetuses of mothers known to have pre-gestational type 2 diabetes (DM group) while the control group included fetuses of euglycaemic healthy pregnant women. They were examined twice at 23–24 weeks' gestation (visit 1) and followed up at 27–28 weeks’ gestation (visit 2). The Modified Myocardial Performance Index (Mod MPI) was obtained in all fetuses. Also, M-mode echocardiography was used to measure the interventricular septum thickness at diastole in a transverse four chamber view. Results There was a significant increase in Iso-volumetric contraction time (ICT) (45.4 ms ± 8.9), Iso-volumetric relaxation time (IRT) (54.7 ms ± 11.22), Interventricular septal thickness (IVST) (4.08 mm ± 0.8), aortic acceleration time (AAT) (54.16 ms ± 12.77) and MPI (0.64 ± 0.09) in the diabetic group compared to the normal control group ICT (38.5 ms ± 9.59), IRT (46.13 ms ± 10.29), IVST (3.17 mm ± 0.6), AAT (49.73 ms ± 10.68) and MPI (0.5 ± 0.1) (all P values were

Background: A popular presenting symptom for a number of disorders is lymphadenopathy. Malignant and non-malignant lymphadenopathy differentiation has major clinical and therapeutic advantages. Objectives: Assess the efficacy of doppler ultrasound in differentiating malignant and non-malignant lymphadenopathy. Patients and methods: this study was done on 20 patients with clinically enlarged one or more axillary or cervical lymph nodes of both sexes and of different age groups.The lymph nodes were subjected to sonographic and Doppler studies, which were correlated with pathological diagnoses obtained by lymph node biopsy. Results: At cut off point of 1.36, pulsatile index had 75% sensitivity and 85% specificity with overall diagnostic accuracy was 80% in diagnosis of malignant lymphadenopathy. At cut off point of 0.65, resistive index had 86% sensitivity and 92.3% specificity with overall diagnostic accuracy was 89% in diagnosis of malignant lymphadenopathy. Conclusions: In differentiating benign from malignant lymph nodes, Color Doppler ultrasound plays an important complementary function to ultrasound. This adds to the diagnostic faith that can predict malignancy. If grey scale ultrasound results are equivocal, color doppler is also beneficial, and it increases diagnostic accuracy.

Background: Around the world, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the main cause of liver diseases. A substantial relationship between NAFLD and H.pylori infection has been discovered recently. Objectives: We aimed to explore the relationship between H.pylori infection and NAFLD in Egyptians. Patients and methods: A case-control study involved 200 patients who underwent Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy. We divided Participants into 2 groups: Group A: contained 100 patients with confirmed H Pylori infection, Group B: contained 100 patients without H.Pylori infection. We diagnosed Fatty liver by ultrasonography. Results: Our study results showed that prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was similar in patients with H.pylori infection in comparison to control group (16% Vs 12% in GroupA and B, respectively). We found that the prevalence of dyslipidemia was higher in patients with H.pylori infection in comparison to control group. Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between H.pylori infection and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Dyslipidemia was higher in patients with H.pylori infection than in healthy persons.

Background: Placenta accreta has now become an important etiology of maternal morbidity and mortality. Owing to the increasing rate of Cesarean delivery, there has been a 10-fold rise in the incidence of placenta accreta since the 1970s. Objectives: to emphasize the diagnostic value of different imaging modalities (Doppler US and MRI) as noninvasive methods in diagnosis of adhesive placental abnormalities. Patients and methods: A prospective study, conducted in Qena university hospital, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt. The study was conducted on 20 pregnant women has presented with adhesive placental disorders to diagnostic radiology department.All included pregnant female will be subjected to history taking and clinical provisional examination. They will undergo doppler ultrasonography and MRI. Results: Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of US was 72.7, 77.8, 75 respectively. But sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of MRI was 100,100,100 respectively. Conclusion: Magnetic resonance imaging is better than Doppler ultrasound study for the accurate diagnosis of placenta adherence/ invasion.

Abstract Background and aims Gestational diabetes mellitus is well-defined as glucose intolerance first documented during pregnancy. In this study, we examined the possible associations between I/D polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene, the M235T variant of angiotensinogen gene, and the rs7950226 polymorphism of the ARNT-like protein-1 (BMAL1) gene and the risk for diabetes in Egyptian pregnant women. Subjects and methods This study recruited 160 gestational diabetes cases and 165 controls. Genomic DNA was derived from peripheral blood leukocytes and ACE gene (I/D) genotyping was performed using the method of polymerase chain reaction and the polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism was used for identifying the M235T variant of AGT gene and the rs7950226 polymorphism of the BMAL1. Results The II, ID, and DD genotypes of the ACE gene have significant differences in cases compared to controls (P = 0.000 and X 2 = 81.77). The M235T polymorphism of the AGT gene was increased with gestational diabetes risk. Furthermore, the AA genotype of the BMAL1 rs7950226 gene was significantly related to the gestational diabetes risk (P = 0.000 and X 2 = 52.82). Furthermore, the allele frequencies of the three variants have significant variances between cases and control. Conclusion This study suggested significant associations between ACE (DD), AGT (TT), and BMAL1 rs7950226 (AA) gene polymorphisms with gestational diabetes susceptibility and there was a possibility to identify that II + MM + GG as protective haplotypes and DD + TT + AA as risk haplotypes for gestational diabetes.

Objective(s): Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is characterized by a rapid and reversible decline in renal function with a rapid decrease in Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), which is associated with high mortality. Rhabdomyolysis accounts for 10–40% of AKI, to which the therapeutic approach is limited. Klotho is a protein that modulates sodium-phosphate co-transporters, ion channels that have been reported to have a renal protective effect. Guanosine, a purine nucleoside, has already been reported to have a renal protective effect; however, the mechanism of such protection and its relation to Klotho modification has not been evaluated yet. This study aims to evaluate the mechanism of the protective effect of guanosine against rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI and its relation to the expression of the Klotho gene.Materials and Methods: In the current study, rats were divided into three groups: control, glycerol-induced AKI, and guanosine-treated. Serum urea and creatinine levels, renal tissue Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), and Klotho and Cystatin C genes expression were evaluated. Furthermore, caspase-3 immunostaining and histopathological evaluations were done. Results: Results showed that guanosine treatment resulted in a significant reduction in serum urea and creatinine, Cystatin C genes expression, and caspase-3 immunoexpression, and an increase in TAC and Klotho genes expression. Results also revealed an improvement of renal histopathology when compared with the glycerol-induced AKI group. Conclusion: Guanosine may be a promising agent in the treatment of rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI. The proposed mechanism for guanosine may be through its ability to enhance Klotho gene expression in renal tissue, with subsequent antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activity.

Background: Pancreatic tumor is a very lethal human tumors that needs earlier diagnosing. US, CT and MRI are various imaging methods employed to diagnose of pancreatic masses. Contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI) Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging [DW-MRI] are progressively utilized or detection and characterization of various pancreatic lesions. Objectives:The current study aimed to evaluate the utility of contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI) and [DW-MRI] in characterizations of pancreatic lesions. Patients and methods: This work was prospective study performed at The Department of Radiology, Qena University Hospitals, with cases with pancreatic lesions over an interval of 12 months who previously discovered by other imaging modalities that desire more characterizations via MRI. Results: The DWI imaging sensitivity was 100%, specificity was 100%, NPV was 100% and PPV was 100% with accuracy of 100% for detecting benign and malignant tumors.ADC value was significant at cutoff value . Conclusion: We concluded that CE-MRI and DW-MRI is a reliable screening and diagnosing method for characterization of pancreatic lesions.

Background: The use of diffusion-weighted (DW) sequences to distinguish recurrent cholesteatoma from chronic otitis media with granulations has shown to be quite effective. The differential in water molecule diffusion in various biological tissues is used in DW MRI. Objectives: The goal of this research was to evaluate the analytic exactness of DWI and the change in ADCs of the middle ear cleft cholesteatoma and non-cholesteatomatous tissue, particularly recurrent otitis media single-shot multi echo planar DW images. In the event of cholesteatoma , intraoperative findings and histological data would be used to validate the outcomes. In the event of otitis media, we will either follow up with the patients clinically to see whether their symptoms improve or if they need a CT scan. Patients and methods: At South Valley University Hospitals, this research was performed on patients with supposed cholesteatoma (supposed clinically or by CT scan) or branded those, as well as patients with suspected recurrence of otitis media who had previously had operation or were preparing for surgery. Results: Range of Mean ADC values of cases enrolled in this study which calculated by 3D synapse, even cholesteatoma or otitis media varies from 0.4 to 2.35 with mean average 1.028 Conclusion: DWI is a useful technique in the assessment of cholesteatoma because it distinguishes it from otitis media with high specificity, reducing needing next stare procedures in many instances.

Abstract Background:Abnormal uterine bleeding is a common presenting symptom in the family practice setting. The most common causes are uterine fibroids, dysfunctional uterine bleeding and adenomyosis. All conditions were accompanied by chronic blood loss disabling normal lifestyle with variable degrees of morbidity. Objectives: This study is aiming to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and complications of uterine artery embolization(UAE) in the management of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB)in different age groups. Patients and Methods: This a prospective randomized clinical trial prospective study included 20 patients referred for UAE. Twelve patients had uterine fibroids, 4 patients had adenomyosis and other 4 patients were diagnosed as dysfunctional uterine bleeding. The embolizing materials were used includingPolyvinyl alcohol, Tris- acryl gelatin microspheresand gelatin sponge. All patients had AUB. Results: Most patients showed good therapeutic responses through the follow up period (6-12 months). Complete control of bleeding was achieved in 90% of patients and recurrence occurred only in 10%. There was complete improvement of the pelvic pain and bulk related symptoms. Reduction of uterine and fibroid size occurred with average uterine and dominant fibroid volumes loss of 39%, and 57% respectively. However, the reduction in the Junctional zone thickness was 5.6 %. Conclusion: UAE is considered minimally invasive, safe, and effective method that plays an important role in treatment of variable types of AUB causes, aiming for uterine preservation and avoiding hysterectomy giving the chance for future fertility. It has high success rate with obvious low morbidity and mortality rates.

Background: Ankle pain is common in clinical practice. Various lesions including trauma, impingement syndromes, inflammatory arthritis, soft tissue, and bony lesions affect the ankle joint. Imaging is crucial in the determination of the pain cause and management. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the role of high-resolution musculoskeletal ultrasonography (MSK US) compared to the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in ankle pain. Patients and Methods: This studyconducted on 29 patients who presented with ankle pain during the period from September 2018 until September 2019 at Qena University Hospitals, South Valley University, Egypt and evaluated by plain radiographs, US and MRI. Comparative analysis was done between US and MRI. Results: The US was able to detect various lesions affecting the ankle ( tendinous and ligamentous injury, plantar fasciitis, joint effusion, bursitis, ganglion cysts, tarsal tunnel syndrome) with sensitivity and specificity of 100% regarding tendons pathology and sensitivity 80 %, specificity 100 % regarding ligamentous injuries with overall accuracy 95 % compared to MRI. US was negative in all MRI positive bony lesions. Conclusion: The US is a useful imaging modality in identifying a large spectrum of causes of ankle pain and should be considered a first step diagnostic tool when an osseous lesion is not suspected.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis disease is a chronic inflammatory disease, character­ized by development of synovitis, which damages cartilage, bone, ligaments and tendons. High resolution ultrasound has become an established imaging technique for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with rheumatoid arthritis Objective: The study was conducted on early symptomatic cases of Rheumatoid Arthritis that referred to Radiology out clinic in Qena General Hospital, to evaluate the role of gray scale ultrasound and power Doppler in the diagnosis. Patients and methods: The total numberwas30 patients, 25 females and 5 males suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Patients examined by GE LOGIQ P5 ultrasound machine using a near focused linear array transducer with color Doppler and by Plain X ray radiographs. Results: Results showed the following: Synovial thickening was detected in 22 patients (73%), active synovitis was detected by Doppler US in 13 patients (43%), Effusion was detected in 15 patients (50 %), and Bone erosions were detected in 5 patients (17%) and X-ray finding was detected in 4 patients (13 %). Conclusion: HRUS with PD is an efficient technique to assessment of (RA) patient and evaluation of vascularity, differentiate between inactive and active synovial hypertrophy and has the potential role in diagnosis, assessment and follow up of the patients with RA therapy.

Background: With outstanding soft tissue contrast, functional imaging capabilities, and multiplanar capacity, high-resolution phased-array magnetic resonance imaging MRI is considered as a basic imaging modality for preoperative local staging of rectal cancer. And so MRI fills a void in clinical practice by allowing for precise local staging of rectal cancer prior to treatment decisions. The diffusion-weighted image used as enhancing utility for MRI in patients with rectal cancer. Objectives: The aim of work was to assess the role of MRI imaging including the (diffusion weighted imaging DWI and Apparent diffusion coefficient ADC map) in preoperative rectal cancer staging, in comparison to post-operative histopathology. Patients and methods: A total of 50 patients were included in the study, presented to South Valley University hospital and underwent MRI examination in MRI unit at South Valley University hospital. Results: Regarding the circumferential resection margin (CRM) infiltration, MRI diagnosed CRM involvement in 15 cases while rest 35 cases showing free CRM. From these positive cases only 13 were truly positive with histopathology, other two cases proved to be positive with histopathology not diagnosed by MRI. MRI showed MRF infiltration in only 18 cases. Histopathological assessment showed that MRF infiltration in only 15 cases and the rest 35 cases showing free MRF (agreement 83.3%). Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that preoperative MRI has a great value in achieving the best treatment strategy through accurate staging of rectal cancer, prediction of negative CRMs and involvement of the perirectal and pelvic LNs.

Abstract Background Congenital lobar overinflation (CLOI) is one of the most important causes of infantile respiratory distress (RD). We aim to evaluate our experience in CLOI management emphasizing on clinical features, diagnostic modalities, surgery and outcomes. Methods This is a retrospective study for all CLOI cases undergoing surgical management at Qena University Hospital. Demographic data, clinical data, radiographic findings, surgery and postoperative follow-up were reviewed. Results A total of 37 neonates and infants with CLOI were presented to our center between January 2015 and January 2019; their mean age was 111.43 ± 65.19 days and 22 were males. All cases presented with RD; and cyanosis in 19 cases. 15 cases presented with recurrent pneumonia and fever. Diminished breath sounds on the affected side and wheezes were the main clinical findings in 30 and 22 cases respectively. On CXR, emphysema was detected in all cases. A confirmatory CT chest was done for all cases. Left upper lobe was affected in 23 cases, right middle lobe in 7 and right upper lobe in 7 cases. Lobectomy was done in thirty-one cases; their mean age at surgery was 147.58 ± 81.49 days and 19 were males. Postoperative complications were noted in 5 cases and postoperative ventilation was required for 2 of them. No morbidity or mortality was reported. The follow-up duration ranged from 3 months to 1 year and all patients were doing well except one case that lost follow up after 3 months. Conclusion CLOI is a rare bronchopulmonary malformation that requires a high index of clinical suspicion, especially in persistent and recurrent infantile RD. CT chest is the most useful diagnostic modality. Early management of CLOI improves outcome and avoid life-threatening complications. Surgical management is the treatment of choice in our center without recorded mortality.

Background: Glioma a common type of the brain tumor, which originates in the glial cells that surround and support neurons in the brain, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and ependymalcells. Objectives: This study is aiming to investigate the role of MRS in patients in diagnosis of brain glioma. Patients and methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional study recruit 30 patients, who were referred to the Radio-diagnosis Department of South Valley University Hospitals for suspected glioma from neurosurgery department during the period from February 2018 to Aug 2021 the study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee of South valley University hospitals (Ref No Code Ms-4–2018, Date of approval 10–02-2018). and it was approved by the local Research Ethics Committee of our hospital. Results: The study included 30 patients with age ranged from six to 72 years old. The lesions within the repetitive tumor group had essentially higher Cho/Cr ratios than those within the radiation damage group (p < 0.0001; SE, 0.18), and these, also, had vitally higher Cho/Cr proportions than the typical white matter of 6 patients (p = 0.0003; SE, 0.09). In differentiating tumor versus non-tumor lesions, the sensitivity and specificity of Cho/NAA ratio greater than 2.0 was 96% and 70%, respectively. For ratios higher than 2.5, the sensitivity and specificity to detect tumors was 97% and 86%, respectively. Conclusion: MRS examination was greatly beneficial in differentiating neoplastic from non-neoplastic lesions and decrease for stereotactic brain biopsy. However, further studies are required to confirm the current evidence.

Background and aim As the ideal test to predict pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia should be inexpensive, reproducible, easy to do early in pregnancy, and noninvasive and have high sensitivity, the aim of this study was to evaluate clinical parameters, laboratory tests, and uterine artery doppler indices in prediction of preeclampsia and pregnancy outcome. Patients and methods This study was carried out in the antenatal care clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Al Azhar University Hospital. The study included 177 pregnant women booked for antenatal care before 18 weeks of gestation, who were considered to be at increased risk of developing preeclampsia. Results Doppler flow velocimetry of the uterine artery at 18–20 and 22–24 weeks of gestation represents a useful predictive test in high-risk pregnancy and in predicting preeclampsia, when used as a single test. Microalbuminuria between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation, in the first morning urine specimen, is a good predictor for the subsequent development of preeclampsia. Conclusion When three tests were combined to test their ability to predict preeclampsia, the best triple tests were microalbuminuria, uterine artery doppler flow velocimetry study at 24–26 weeks of gestation, and mean platelet volume, which gave the highest value when κ test of agreement was used.

Abstract Objectives Pathophysiological similarity exists between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus with common genetic origin. Genetic liability for GDM in our population is still not researched. The goal was to reveal the genotypic and allele frequency differences of 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) namely, CDKAL1 (rs7754840) and CDKN2A/2B (rs10811661) between GDM pregnancies and normal pregnancies. We assessed them by real time polymerase chain reaction using Taqman® allelic discrimination assays. We included 47 GDM pregnant subjects and 51 normal glucose tolerance (NGT) pregnant women as controls. Results The genotype frequencies in the GDM group and the NGT group of rs7754840-GG/GC/CC were 6.4/15.7% (3/8), 55.3/45.1% (26/23) and 38.3/39.2% (18/20) respectively. Also, those of rs10811661-CC/CT/TT were 74.5/14.9/4.3% (38/7/2) and 80.9/19.6/5.9% (38/10/3) respectively. The allele frequencies in the GDM group and the NGT group of C/G and T/C were 66/34% (62/32), 61.8/38.2% (63/39) and 11.7/88.3% (11/83), 15.7/84.3% (16/86) respectively. There were no statistical differences between the two groups in allele frequencies and genotype frequencies (all P > 0.05). Non-significant association was seen in the two SNPs of CDKAL1 and CDKN2A/B genes with GDM. Further studies are essential to validate data.