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985 results on '"Ahuja V"'

3. Fields on fire: Alternatives to crop residue burning in India

Author

Shyamsundar, P, Springer, NP, Tallis, H, Polasky, S, Jat, ML, Sidhu, HS, Krishnapriya, PP, Skiba, N, Ginn, W, Ahuja, V, Cummins, J, Datta, I, Dholakia, HH, Dixon, J, Gerard, B, Gupta, R, Hellmann, J, Jadhav, A, Jat, HS, Keil, A, Ladha, JK, Lopez-Ridaura, S, Nandrajog, SP, Paul, S, Ritter, A, Sharma, PC, Singh, R, Singh, D, and Somanathan, R

Subjects
Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Crop and Pasture Production, Environmental Sciences, Climate-Related Exposures and Conditions, Prevention, Climate Action, Air Pollution, Crops, Agricultural, Fires, India, Oryza, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Farmer profit can be increased and air quality improved

Published
2019

4. Lifestyle, behaviour, and environmental modification for the management of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: an International Organization for Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases consensus

Author

Abreu, M, Ahuja, V, Allez, M, Ananthakrishnan, A, Bemelman, W, Bernstein, C, Braun, J, Chowers, Y, Colombel, J-F, Danese, S, D'Haens, G, D'Hoore, A, Dignass, A, Dotan, I, Dubinsky, M, Ekbom, A, Fleshner, P, Gasche, C, Gassull, MA, Gearry, R, Ghosh, S, Gibson, P, Griffiths, A, Halfvarson, J, Hanauer, S, Harpaz, N, Hart, A, Hibi, T, Kamm, M, Kaplan, G, Kaser, A, Korelitz, B, Kotze, P, Koutroubakis, I, Kruis, W, Lakatos, P, Lewis, J, Lindsay, J, Loftus, E, Louis, E, Lukas, M, Magro, F, Mahadevan, U, Mantzaris, G, Mary, J-Y, McGovern, D, Moum, B, Munkholm, P, Neurath, M, Ng, S, O'Morain, C, Oresland, T, Panaccione, R, Panes, J, Panis, Y, Pemberton, J, Peyrin-Biroulet, L, Prantera, C, Rachmilewitz, D, Ran, Z, Reinisch, W, Remzi, F, Rhodes, J, Riddell, R, Rogler, G, Rubin, D, Sachar, D, Sandborn, W, Sands, B, Sartor, B, Schoelmerich, J, Schreiber, S, Siegel, C, Siegmund, B, Silverberg, M, Söderholm, J, Sood, A, Spinelli, A, Stange, E, Steinwurz, F, Targan, S, Travis, S, Turner, D, Tysk, C, Vatn, M, Vermeire, S, Watanabe, M, Yamamoto, T, Yamamoto-Furusho, J, Ananthakrishnan, Ashwin N, Kaplan, Gilaad G, Bernstein, Charles N, Burke, Kristin E, Lochhead, Paul J, Sasson, Alexa N, Agrawal, Manasi, Tiong, Jimmy Ho Tuan, Steinberg, Joshua, Kruis, Wolfgang, Steinwurz, Flavio, Ahuja, Vineet, Ng, Siew C, Rubin, David T, Colombel, Jean-Frederic, and Gearry, Richard

Published
2022
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6. P635 Intravenous albumin infusion does not augment the response rate to a combination of exclusive enteral nutrition and intravenous steroids in Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis: a randomized controlled trial

Author

Mundhra, S, primary, Madan, D, additional, Golla, R, additional, Sahu, P, additional, K Vuyyuru, S, additional, Kante, B, additional, Kumar, P, additional, Matthew, D, additional, Prasad, S, additional, Vaishnav, M, additional, Verma, M, additional, Virmani, S, additional, Bajaj, A, additional, Markandey, M, additional, Kumar Ranjan, M, additional, Arora, U, additional, Kumar Singh, M, additional, K Makharia, G, additional, Kedia, S, additional, and Ahuja, V, additional

Published
2024
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7. P628 Vedolizumab in Indian patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Interim results from a prospective, multicentre, open-label, phase 4 study

Author

Kabrawala, M, primary, Banerjee, R, additional, Ahuja, V, additional, Anumula, K, additional, Bharadwaj, V, additional, Dalal, A, additional, Ramesh Kumar, B, additional, Mukewar, S, additional, Sood, A, additional, Prasad, V M, additional, Arora, S, additional, Kirde, S, additional, and Sharma, N, additional

Published
2024
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8. P882 A Phase I/II clinical trial of ex-vivo expanded human bone marrow derived allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells in adult patients with perianal fistulizing Crohn’s Disease

Author

Swaroop, S, primary, Vuyyuru, S, additional, Kante, B, additional, Kumar, P, additional, Mundhra, S, additional, Arora, U, additional, Goyal, A, additional, Kandasamy, D, additional, Sharma, R, additional, Kabilan, K, additional, Kedia, S, additional, Dash, N, additional, and Ahuja, V, additional

Published
2024
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9. P1041 Coconut water modulates dietary potassium and gut microbiome to induce remission in ulcerative colitis: randomized controlled trial

Author

Kedia, S, primary, Virmani, S, additional, Bajaj, A, additional, Markandey, M, additional, Singh, N, additional, Madan, D, additional, Kaushal, K, additional, Sahu, P, additional, Vuyyuru, S, additional, Kante, B, additional, Kumar, P, additional, Thomas, D, additional, Mundhra, S, additional, Singh, M, additional, Verma, M, additional, Sharma, R, additional, Das, P, additional, Dash, N, additional, Monga, N, additional, Awasthi, A, additional, Makharia, G, additional, and Ahuja, V, additional

Published
2024
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10. A Phase I/II clinical trial of ex-vivo expanded human bone marrow derived allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells in adult patients with perianal fistulizing Crohn’s Disease

Author

Swaroop, Shekhar, primary, Vuyyuru, Sudheer Kumar, additional, Kante, Bhaskar, additional, Kumar, Peeyush, additional, Mundhra, Sandeep Kumar, additional, Arora, Umang, additional, Goyal, Ankur, additional, Kandasamy, Devasenathipathy, additional, Sharma, Raju, additional, Kabilan, Kavirajan, additional, Kedia, Saurabh, additional, Dash, Nihar Ranjan, additional, and Ahuja, V, additional

Published
2023
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16. Loci for insulin processing and secretion provide insight into type 2 diabetes risk

Author

Broadaway, K. A. (K. Alaine), Yin, X. (Xianyong), Williamson, A. (Alice), Parsons, V. A. (Victoria A.), Wilson, E. P. (Emma P.), Moxley, A. H. (Anne H.), Vadlamudi, S. (Swarooparani), Varshney, A. (Arushi), Jackson, A. U. (Anne U.), Ahuja, V. (Vasudha), Bornstein, S. R. (Stefan R.), Corbin, L. J. (Laura J.), Delgado, G. E. (Graciela E.), Dwivedi, O. P. (Om P.), Silva, L. F. (Lilian Fernandes), Frayling, T. M. (Timothy M.), Grallert, H. (Harald), Gustafsson, S. (Stefan), Hakaste, L. (Liisa), Hammar, U. (Ulf), Herder, C. (Christian), Herrmann, S. (Sandra), Hojlund, K. (Kurt), Hughes, D. A. (David A.), Kleber, M. E. (Marcus E.), Lindgren, C. M. (Cecilia M.), Liu, C.-T. (Ching-Ti), Luan, J. (Jian'an), Malmberg, A. (Anni), Moissl, A. P. (Angela P.), Morris, A. P. (Andrew P.), Perakakis, N. (Nikolaos), Peters, A. (Annette), Petrie, J. R. (John R.), Roden, M. (Michael), Schwarz, P. E. (Peter E. H.), Sharma, S. (Sapna), Silveira, A. (Angela), Strawbridge, R. J. (Rona J.), Tuomi, T. (Tiinamaija), Wood, A. R. (Andrew R.), Wu, P. (Peitao), Zethelius, B. (Bjorn), Baldassarre, D. (Damiano), Eriksson, J. G. (Johan G.), Fall, T. (Tove), Florez, J. C. (Jose C.), Fritsche, A. (Andreas), Gigante, B. (Bruna), Hamsten, A. (Anders), Kajantie, E. (Eero), Laakso, M. (Markku), Lahti, J. (Jari), Lawlor, D. A. (Deborah A.), Lind, L. (Lars), Maerz, W. (Winfried), Meigs, J. B. (James B.), Sundstrom, J. (Johan), Timpson, N. J. (Nicholas J.), Wagner, R. (Robert), Walker, M. (Mark), Wareham, N. J. (Nicholas J.), Watkins, H. (Hugh), Barroso, I. (Ines), O'Rahilly, S. (Stephen), Grarup, N. (Niels), Parker, S. C. (Stephen CJ.), Boehnke, M. (Michael), Langenberg, C. (Claudia), Wheeler, E. (Eleanor), Mohlke, K. L. (Karen L.), Broadaway, K. A. (K. Alaine), Yin, X. (Xianyong), Williamson, A. (Alice), Parsons, V. A. (Victoria A.), Wilson, E. P. (Emma P.), Moxley, A. H. (Anne H.), Vadlamudi, S. (Swarooparani), Varshney, A. (Arushi), Jackson, A. U. (Anne U.), Ahuja, V. (Vasudha), Bornstein, S. R. (Stefan R.), Corbin, L. J. (Laura J.), Delgado, G. E. (Graciela E.), Dwivedi, O. P. (Om P.), Silva, L. F. (Lilian Fernandes), Frayling, T. M. (Timothy M.), Grallert, H. (Harald), Gustafsson, S. (Stefan), Hakaste, L. (Liisa), Hammar, U. (Ulf), Herder, C. (Christian), Herrmann, S. (Sandra), Hojlund, K. (Kurt), Hughes, D. A. (David A.), Kleber, M. E. (Marcus E.), Lindgren, C. M. (Cecilia M.), Liu, C.-T. (Ching-Ti), Luan, J. (Jian'an), Malmberg, A. (Anni), Moissl, A. P. (Angela P.), Morris, A. P. (Andrew P.), Perakakis, N. (Nikolaos), Peters, A. (Annette), Petrie, J. R. (John R.), Roden, M. (Michael), Schwarz, P. E. (Peter E. H.), Sharma, S. (Sapna), Silveira, A. (Angela), Strawbridge, R. J. (Rona J.), Tuomi, T. (Tiinamaija), Wood, A. R. (Andrew R.), Wu, P. (Peitao), Zethelius, B. (Bjorn), Baldassarre, D. (Damiano), Eriksson, J. G. (Johan G.), Fall, T. (Tove), Florez, J. C. (Jose C.), Fritsche, A. (Andreas), Gigante, B. (Bruna), Hamsten, A. (Anders), Kajantie, E. (Eero), Laakso, M. (Markku), Lahti, J. (Jari), Lawlor, D. A. (Deborah A.), Lind, L. (Lars), Maerz, W. (Winfried), Meigs, J. B. (James B.), Sundstrom, J. (Johan), Timpson, N. J. (Nicholas J.), Wagner, R. (Robert), Walker, M. (Mark), Wareham, N. J. (Nicholas J.), Watkins, H. (Hugh), Barroso, I. (Ines), O'Rahilly, S. (Stephen), Grarup, N. (Niels), Parker, S. C. (Stephen CJ.), Boehnke, M. (Michael), Langenberg, C. (Claudia), Wheeler, E. (Eleanor), and Mohlke, K. L. (Karen L.)

Abstract

Insulin secretion is critical for glucose homeostasis, and increased levels of the precursor proinsulin relative to insulin indicate pancreatic islet beta-cell stress and insufficient insulin secretory capacity in the setting of insulin resistance. We conducted meta-analyses of genome-wide association results for fasting proinsulin from 16 European-ancestry studies in 45,861 individuals. We found 36 independent signals at 30 loci (p value <5×10⁻⁸), which validated 12 previously reported loci for proinsulin and ten additional loci previously identified for another glycemic trait. Half of the alleles associated with higher proinsulin showed higher rather than lower effects on glucose levels, corresponding to different mechanisms. Proinsulin loci included genes that affect prohormone convertases, beta-cell dysfunction, vesicle trafficking, beta-cell transcriptional regulation, and lysosomes/autophagy processes. We colocalized 11 proinsulin signals with islet expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) data, suggesting candidate genes, including ARSG, WIPI1, SLC7A14, and SIX3. The NKX6‐3/ANK1 proinsulin signal colocalized with a T2D signal and an adipose ANK1 eQTL signal but not the islet NKX6‐3 eQTL. Signals were enriched for islet enhancers, and we showed a plausible islet regulatory mechanism for the lead signal in the MADD locus. These results show how detailed genetic studies of an intermediate phenotype can elucidate mechanisms that may predispose one to disease.

Published
2023

17. P664 Analysis of Clinical Trial Screen Failures in IBD: Real World Results from the IOIBD

Author

Vieujean, S, primary, Lindsay, J O, additional, Rubin, D, additional, D’Amico, F, additional, Ahuja, V, additional, Silverberg, M S, additional, Sood, A, additional, Yamamoto-Furusho, J K, additional, Nagahori, M, additional, Watanabe, M, additional, Koutroubakis, I E, additional, Foteinogiannopoulou, K, additional, Walsh, A, additional, Outtier, A, additional, Abreu, M T, additional, Dubinsky, M, additional, Siegel, C, additional, Louis, E, additional, Dotan, I, additional, Reinisch, W, additional, Danese, S, additional, and Peyrin-Biroulet, L, additional

Published
2023
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25. Lifestyle, behaviour, and environmental modification for the management of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: an International Organization for Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases consensus

Author

Ananthakrishnan, Ashwin N, primary, Kaplan, Gilaad G, additional, Bernstein, Charles N, additional, Burke, Kristin E, additional, Lochhead, Paul J, additional, Sasson, Alexa N, additional, Agrawal, Manasi, additional, Tiong, Jimmy Ho Tuan, additional, Steinberg, Joshua, additional, Kruis, Wolfgang, additional, Steinwurz, Flavio, additional, Ahuja, Vineet, additional, Ng, Siew C, additional, Rubin, David T, additional, Colombel, Jean-Frederic, additional, Gearry, Richard, additional, Abreu, M, additional, Ahuja, V, additional, Allez, M, additional, Ananthakrishnan, A, additional, Bemelman, W, additional, Bernstein, C, additional, Braun, J, additional, Chowers, Y, additional, Colombel, J-F, additional, Danese, S, additional, D'Haens, G, additional, D'Hoore, A, additional, Dignass, A, additional, Dotan, I, additional, Dubinsky, M, additional, Ekbom, A, additional, Fleshner, P, additional, Gasche, C, additional, Gassull, MA, additional, Gearry, R, additional, Ghosh, S, additional, Gibson, P, additional, Griffiths, A, additional, Halfvarson, J, additional, Hanauer, S, additional, Harpaz, N, additional, Hart, A, additional, Hibi, T, additional, Kamm, M, additional, Kaplan, G, additional, Kaser, A, additional, Korelitz, B, additional, Kotze, P, additional, Koutroubakis, I, additional, Kruis, W, additional, Lakatos, P, additional, Lewis, J, additional, Lindsay, J, additional, Loftus, E, additional, Louis, E, additional, Lukas, M, additional, Magro, F, additional, Mahadevan, U, additional, Mantzaris, G, additional, Mary, J-Y, additional, McGovern, D, additional, Moum, B, additional, Munkholm, P, additional, Neurath, M, additional, Ng, S, additional, O'Morain, C, additional, Oresland, T, additional, Panaccione, R, additional, Panes, J, additional, Panis, Y, additional, Pemberton, J, additional, Peyrin-Biroulet, L, additional, Prantera, C, additional, Rachmilewitz, D, additional, Ran, Z, additional, Reinisch, W, additional, Remzi, F, additional, Rhodes, J, additional, Riddell, R, additional, Rogler, G, additional, Rubin, D, additional, Sachar, D, additional, Sandborn, W, additional, Sands, B, additional, Sartor, B, additional, Schoelmerich, J, additional, Schreiber, S, additional, Siegel, C, additional, Siegmund, B, additional, Silverberg, M, additional, Söderholm, J, additional, Sood, A, additional, Spinelli, A, additional, Stange, E, additional, Steinwurz, F, additional, Targan, S, additional, Travis, S, additional, Turner, D, additional, Tysk, C, additional, Vatn, M, additional, Vermeire, S, additional, Watanabe, M, additional, Yamamoto, T, additional, and Yamamoto-Furusho, J, additional

Published
2022
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26. Trans-continental analysis of over, 2000 Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients implicates geography, disease type, and exposure to immunosuppression as drivers of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence : data from the ICARUS-IBD Consortium

Author

Wong, S. Y., Helmus, D., Marlow, L., Pazos, V. Martinez, Brann, S., Wellens, J., Kedia, S., Mak, J. W. Y., Bergemalm, Daniel, Argollo, M., Zaltman, C., Steinwurz, F., Rubin, D., Allez, M., Halfvarson, J., Abreu, M. T., Lindsay, J., Dutta, U., Silverberg, M. S., Ng, S. C., Ahuja, V., Watanabe, K., Vermeire, S., Colombel, J. F., Satsangi, J., Wong, S. Y., Helmus, D., Marlow, L., Pazos, V. Martinez, Brann, S., Wellens, J., Kedia, S., Mak, J. W. Y., Bergemalm, Daniel, Argollo, M., Zaltman, C., Steinwurz, F., Rubin, D., Allez, M., Halfvarson, J., Abreu, M. T., Lindsay, J., Dutta, U., Silverberg, M. S., Ng, S. C., Ahuja, V., Watanabe, K., Vermeire, S., Colombel, J. F., and Satsangi, J.

Published
2022
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27. Lifestyle, behaviour, and environmental modification for the management of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases:an International Organization for Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases consensus

Author

Ananthakrishnan, A., Kaplan, G., Bernstein, C., Burke, Kristin E., Lochhead, Paul J., Sasson, Alexa N., Agrawal, Manasi, Tiong, Jimmy Ho Tuan, Steinberg, Joshua, Kruis, W., Steinwurz, Flavio, Ahuja, V., Ng, Siew C., Rubin, David T., Colombel, Jean Frederic, Gearry, Richard, Abreu, M., Allez, M., Bemelman, W., Braun, J., Chowers, Y., Colombel, J. F., Danese, S., D'Haens, G., D'Hoore, A., Dignass, A., Dotan, I., Dubinsky, M., Ekbom, A., Fleshner, P., Gasche, C., Gassull, M. A., Ghosh, S., Gibson, P., Griffiths, A., Halfvarson, J., Hanauer, S., Harpaz, N., Hart, A., Hibi, T., Kamm, M., Kaser, A., Korelitz, B., Kotze, P., Koutroubakis, I., Munkholm, P., Ananthakrishnan, A., Kaplan, G., Bernstein, C., Burke, Kristin E., Lochhead, Paul J., Sasson, Alexa N., Agrawal, Manasi, Tiong, Jimmy Ho Tuan, Steinberg, Joshua, Kruis, W., Steinwurz, Flavio, Ahuja, V., Ng, Siew C., Rubin, David T., Colombel, Jean Frederic, Gearry, Richard, Abreu, M., Allez, M., Bemelman, W., Braun, J., Chowers, Y., Colombel, J. F., Danese, S., D'Haens, G., D'Hoore, A., Dignass, A., Dotan, I., Dubinsky, M., Ekbom, A., Fleshner, P., Gasche, C., Gassull, M. A., Ghosh, S., Gibson, P., Griffiths, A., Halfvarson, J., Hanauer, S., Harpaz, N., Hart, A., Hibi, T., Kamm, M., Kaser, A., Korelitz, B., Kotze, P., Koutroubakis, I., and Munkholm, P.

Abstract

Environmental and lifestyle factors play an important role in the natural history of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. A group of international experts from the International Organization for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases voted on a series of consensus statements to inform the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The recommendations include avoiding traditional cigarette smoking in patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, screening for symptoms of depression, anxiety, and psychosocial stressors at diagnosis and during flares (with referral to mental health professionals when appropriate), and encouraging regular physical activity as tolerated. Patients using dietary approaches for treatment of their IBD should be encouraged to adopt diets that are best supported by evidence and involve monitoring for the objective resolution of inflammation. We recommend formal assessment for obesity and nutritional deficiencies, and patients should be encouraged to maintain a normal body-mass index. A shared decision-making approach to contraception should include the consideration of IBD-related factors, and risk factors for venous thromboembolism. Long-term or frequent use of high-dose non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be avoided. For primary prevention of disease in the offspring of patients with IBD, we recommend avoiding passive exposure to tobacco, using antibiotics judiciously, and considering breastfeeding when able.

Published
2022

35. P418 Development and validation of a digital health platform (IBD NutriCare) for telenutrition in patients with Inflammatory bowel disease

Author

Gupta, A, primary, Singh, N, additional, Madan, D, additional, Farooqui, M, additional, Singh, M, additional, Virmani, S, additional, Verma, M, additional, Bajaj, A, additional, Markandey, M, additional, Kante, B, additional, Vuyyuru, S K, additional, Kumar, P, additional, Sahu, P, additional, Makharia, G, additional, Kedia, S, additional, and Ahuja, V, additional

Published
2022
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36. P423 Azathioprine still remains the first step-up therapy in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in low-middle income countries

Author

Ranjan, M K, primary, Kumar, P, additional, Vuyyuru, S K, additional, Kante, B, additional, Sahu, P, additional, Mundhra, S, additional, Golla, R, additional, Singh, M, additional, Virmani, S, additional, Sharma, R, additional, Panwar, R, additional, Das, P, additional, Makharia, G, additional, Kedia, S, additional, and Ahuja, V, additional

Published
2022
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37. P702 Faecal Microbiota Transplantation Sculpts the faecal and mucosal microbial and metabolomic profiles in patients with Ulcerative Colitis

Author

Bajaj, A, primary, Markandey, M, additional, Singh, M, additional, Virmani, S, additional, Vuyyuru, S K, additional, Kante, B, additional, Thirunavukkarasu, R, additional, Verma, M, additional, Kumar, P, additional, Kshetrapal, P, additional, Makharia, G, additional, Gupta, D, additional, Kedia, S, additional, and Ahuja, V, additional

Published
2022
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38. P531 Stringent screening strategy significantly reduces reactivation rate of Tuberculosis in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease on anti-TNF therapy in a TB endemic region

Author

Kumar, P, primary, Vuyyuru, S K, additional, Kante, B, additional, Sahu, P, additional, Goyal, S, additional, Madhu, D, additional, Jain, S, additional, Ranjan, M K, additional, Mundhra, S, additional, Golla, R, additional, Singh, M, additional, Virmani, S, additional, Gupta, A, additional, Yadav, N, additional, Kalaivani, M, additional, Sharma, R, additional, Das, P, additional, Makharia, G, additional, Kedia, S, additional, and Ahuja, V, additional

Published
2022
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39. P342 Trans-continental analysis of over, 2000 Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients implicates geography, disease type, and exposure to immunosuppression as drivers of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence: data from the ICARUS-IBD Consortium

Author

Wong, S Y, primary, Helmus, D, additional, Marlow, L, additional, Martinez Pazos, V, additional, Brann, S, additional, Wellens, J, additional, Kedia, S, additional, Mak, J W Y, additional, Bergemalm, D, additional, Argollo, M, additional, Zaltman, C, additional, Steinwurz, F, additional, Rubin, D, additional, Allez, M, additional, Halfvarson, J, additional, Abreu, M T, additional, Lindsay, J, additional, Dutta, U, additional, Silverberg, M S, additional, Ng, S C, additional, Ahuja, V, additional, Watanabe, K, additional, Vermeire, S, additional, Colombel, J F, additional, and Satsangi, J, additional

Published
2022
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43. Hydrodynamically Coupled Brownian Dynamics: A coarse-grain particle-based Brownian dynamics technique with hydrodynamic interactions for modeling self-developing flow of polymer solutions.

Author

Ahuja, V. R., van der Gucht, J., and Briels, W. J.

Subjects
*HYDRODYNAMICS, *POLYMER solutions, *PHENOMENOLOGICAL theory (Physics), *FLUCTUATIONS (Physics), *SOLVENTS, *FRICTION
Abstract

We present a novel coarse-grain particle-based simulation technique for modeling self-developing flow of dilute and semi-dilute polymer solutions. The central idea in this paper is the two-way coupling between a mesoscopic polymer model and a phenomenological fluid model. As our polymer model, we choose Responsive Particle Dynamics (RaPiD), a Brownian dynamics method, which formulates the so-called "conservative" and "transient" pair-potentials through which the polymers interact besides experiencing random forces in accordance with the fluctuation dissipation theorem. In addition to these interactions, our polymer blobs are also influenced by the background solvent velocity field, which we calculate by solving the Navier-Stokes equation discretized on a moving grid of fluid blobs using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) technique. While the polymers experience this frictional force opposing their motion relative to the background flow field, our fluid blobs also in turn are influenced by the motion of the polymers through an interaction term. This makes our technique a two-way coupling algorithm. We have constructed this interaction term in such a way that momentum is conserved locally, thereby preserving long range hydrodynamics. Furthermore, we have derived pairwise fluctuation terms for the velocities of the fluid blobs using the Fokker-Planck equation, which have been alternatively derived using the General Equation for the Non-Equilibrium Reversible-Irreversible Coupling (GENERIC) approach in Smoothed Dissipative Particle Dynamics (SDPD) literature. These velocity fluctuations for the fluid may be incorporated into the velocity updates for our fluid blobs to obtain a thermodynamically consistent distribution of velocities. In cases where these fluctuations are insignificant, however, these additional terms may well be dropped out as they are in a standard SPH simulation. We have applied our technique to study the rheology of two different concentrations of our model linear polymer solutions. The results show that the polymers and the fluid are coupled very well with each other, showing no lag between their velocities. Furthermore, our results show non-Newtonian shear thinning and the characteristic flattening of the Poiseuille flow profile typically observed for polymer solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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44. Accuracy of 1-hour plasma glucose during the oral glucose tolerance test in diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in adults:a meta-analysis

Author

Ahuja, V. (Vasudha), Aronen, P. (Pasi), Pramodkumar, T. A. (T. A.), Looker, H. (Helen), Chetrit, A. (Angela), Bloigu, A. H. (Aini H.), Juutilainen, A. (Auni), Bianchi, C. (Cristina), La Sala, L. (Lucia), Anjana, R. M. (Ranjit Mohan), Pradeepa, R. (Rajendra), Venkatesan, U. (Ulagamadesan), Jebarani, S. (Sarvanan), Baskar, V. (Viswanathan), Fiorentino, T. V. (Teresa Vanessa), Timpel, P. (Patrick), DeFronzo, R. A. (Ralph A.), Ceriello, A. (Antonio), Del Prato, S. (Stefano), Abdul-Ghani, M. (Muhammad), Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S. (Sirkka), Dankner, R. (Rachel), Bennett, P. H. (Peter H.), Knowler, W. C. (William C.), Schwarz, P. (Peter), Sesti, G. (Giorgio), Oka, R. (Rie), Mohan, V. (Viswanathan), Groop, L. (Leif), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Ripatti, S. (Samuli), Bergman, M. (Michael), Tuomi, T. (Tiinamaija), Ahuja, V. (Vasudha), Aronen, P. (Pasi), Pramodkumar, T. A. (T. A.), Looker, H. (Helen), Chetrit, A. (Angela), Bloigu, A. H. (Aini H.), Juutilainen, A. (Auni), Bianchi, C. (Cristina), La Sala, L. (Lucia), Anjana, R. M. (Ranjit Mohan), Pradeepa, R. (Rajendra), Venkatesan, U. (Ulagamadesan), Jebarani, S. (Sarvanan), Baskar, V. (Viswanathan), Fiorentino, T. V. (Teresa Vanessa), Timpel, P. (Patrick), DeFronzo, R. A. (Ralph A.), Ceriello, A. (Antonio), Del Prato, S. (Stefano), Abdul-Ghani, M. (Muhammad), Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S. (Sirkka), Dankner, R. (Rachel), Bennett, P. H. (Peter H.), Knowler, W. C. (William C.), Schwarz, P. (Peter), Sesti, G. (Giorgio), Oka, R. (Rie), Mohan, V. (Viswanathan), Groop, L. (Leif), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Ripatti, S. (Samuli), Bergman, M. (Michael), and Tuomi, T. (Tiinamaija)

Abstract

Objective: One-hour plasma glucose (1-h PG) during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is an accurate predictor of type 2 diabetes. We performed a meta-analysis to determine the optimum cutoff of 1-h PG for detection of type 2 diabetes using 2-h PG as the gold standard. Research design and methods: We included 15 studies with 35,551 participants from multiple ethnic groups (53.8% Caucasian) and 2,705 newly detected cases of diabetes based on 2-h PG during OGTT. We excluded cases identified only by elevated fasting plasma glucose and/or HbA1c. We determined the optimal 1-h PG threshold and its accuracy at this cutoff for detection of diabetes (2-h PG ≥11.1 mmol/L) using a mixed linear effects regression model with different weights to sensitivity/specificity (2/3, 1/2, and 1/3). Results: Three cutoffs of 1-h PG, at 10.6 mmol/L, 11.6 mmol/L, and 12.5 mmol/L, had sensitivities of 0.95, 0.92, and 0.87 and specificities of 0.86, 0.91, and 0.94 at weights 2/3, 1/2, and 1/3, respectively. The cutoff of 11.6 mmol/L (95% CI 10.6, 12.6) had a sensitivity of 0.92 (0.87, 0.95), specificity of 0.91 (0.88, 0.93), area under the curve 0.939 (95% confidence region for sensitivity at a given specificity: 0.904, 0.946), and a positive predictive value of 45%. Conclusions: The 1-h PG of ≥11.6 mmol/L during OGTT has a good sensitivity and specificity for detecting type 2 diabetes. Prescreening with a diabetes-specific risk calculator to identify high-risk individuals is suggested to decrease the proportion of false-positive cases. Studies including other ethnic groups and assessing complication risk are warranted.

Published
2021

50. Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) in gynecologic oncology: An international survey of peri-operative practice

Author

Bhandoria, G.P., Bhandarkar, P., Ahuja, V., Maheshwari, A., Sekhon, R.K., Gultekin, M., and Nelson, G.

Subjects
ovarian cancer, postoperative complications, surgical procedures, operative, gynecologic surgical procedures, postoperative care
Abstract

Introduction Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs have been shown to improve clinical outcomes in gynecologic oncology, with the majority of published reports originating from a small number of specialized centers. It is unclear to what degree ERAS is implemented in hospitals globally. This international survey investigated the status of ERAS protocol implementation in open gynecologic oncology surgery to provide a worldwide perspective on peri-operative practice patterns. Methods Requests to participate in an online survey of ERAS practices were distributed via social media (WhatsApp, Twitter, and Social Link). The survey was active between January 15 and March 15, 2020. Additionally, four national gynecologic oncology societies agreed to distribute the study among their members. Respondents were requested to answer a 17-item questionnaire about their ERAS practice preferences in the pre-, intra-, and post-operative periods. Results Data from 454 respondents representing 62 countries were analyzed. Overall, 37% reported that ERAS was implemented at their institution. The regional distribution was: Europe 38%, Americas 33%, Asia 19%, and Africa 10%. ERAS gynecologic oncology guidelines were well adhered to (>80%) in the domains of deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis, early removal of urinary catheter after surgery, and early introduction of ambulation. Areas with poor adherence to the guidelines included the use of bowel preparation, adoption of modern fasting guidelines, carbohydrate loading, use of nasogastric tubes and peritoneal drains, intra-operative temperature monitoring, and early feeding. Conclusion This international survey of ERAS in open gynecologic oncology surgery shows that, while some practices are consistent with guideline recommendations, many practices contradict the established evidence. Efforts are required to decrease the variation in peri-operative care that exists in order to improve clinical outcomes for patients with gynecologic cancer globally. © 2020 BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.

Published
2020

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