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Purpose: Airport management is influenced by several related critical decisions on financial and technical operations. Optimum utilization of resources, including assets and personnel, is critical to achieve better service quality for the passengers and an efficient airport. Due to its importance, this paper aims to assess the performance of airports based on security, safety, and possible work-related health problems by considering the uncertain and unclear number of passengers and their baggage. Design/methodology/approach: The efficiency of 30 airports in Turkey is evaluated with a basic Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model with two inputs and five outputs. Then, the model is redefined with an undesired output. High, medium, and low seasons are defined in the second DEA model to estimate the number of passenger baggage. The third model utilizes the principles of Fuzzy DEA (F-DEA) that aims to handle the uncertainty for the undesired output data.Findings: The results of three models confirm that the number and weight of baggage and consequently health and safety issues in airports should not be overlooked when optimizing airport efficiency. Utilizing the fuzzy theory has the potential to help managers to improve the operational efficiency of airports when dealing with an uncertain number of passengers and estimating the workload of baggage handlers.Research limitations/implications: No permission was given to make interviews with the ground handling personnel and gather real-life data to analyze task durations and workers’ body movements.Practical implications: Inputs, outputs, and undesired output defined in this study can be used to assess the airports in any other country.Social implications: The importance of health and safety issues for passengers, airport personnel, baggage handlers, and the residents who live close to the airports is considered.Originality/value: This study contributes to the airport performance assessment literature by considering the uncertain and dynamic data related to health and safety issues. This pioneering study, up-to-best knowledge, is the first to assess the airports in Turkey by DEA with the defined undesired output (baggage handler workload) and also utilizing the fuzzy model for the uncertain data.

Purpose: The article aims to show the viability of installing a precision-based approach system in Viseu airfield, in Portugal. This work looks to evidence to what extent the implementation of ILS (Instrument Landing System) or GBAS (Ground Based Augmentation System) in the airfield is viable, and which of the two would be the better option for this case, from a technical and economic view and as a way to increase safety levels.Design/methodology/approach: The article analyses the airfield’s evolution over time and forecasts its movements for the future, over a 10-year period, by utilising two different models: multiple linear regression and IATA traffic forecasts. The different types of airfield taxes were also reviewed and their values were estimated for the following years. The equipment’s technical aspects and individual prices were analysed to accurately determine the time needed for the airfield to recover the investment done, allied with an 80% funding European project.Findings: Approach systems are being modernized, and throughout the years more airports and airfields are starting to replace old approach systems for satellite-based new ones. When compared to ILS, GBAS offers more advantages at a technical and economic level, and even for smaller airfields with a low traffic volume, sometimes it can be technically and economically possible to have such systems implemented.Originality/value: Studies about the implementation of new radio aids are usually prepared for big airports by airport operators or ANSPs before major investment projects. However, for most small regional airports in the country, where traffic is not near as big, such studies don’t exist, and for that reason, investigating the possibility of installing such kind of equipment is very important, especially taking into consideration the safety they provide and other benefits that naturally come up with it.

Purpose: This research studies the UAV incidents in the vicinity of worldwide airports in order to deliver a quantitative and qualitative analysis of this phaenomenon, to analyse the risks associated to this threat and propose mitigation measures that brings this risk to an ‘acceptable’ level.Methodology: A population of 139 ‘serious UAV incidents in the vicinity of worldwide airports’ has been constituted on the basis of the FAA and NASA databases and articles published on the Web by online media. This phaenomenon has then been analysed quantitatively using descriptive statistics techniques and qualitatively by analysing in-depth some representative incidents. A risk analysis has then been performed based on the FAA Safety Risk Management 5-steps process to identify the hazards i.e. the root causes of those UAV incidents, determine their outcome i.e. negative consequences that jeopardize airports objectives and assign them a severity level and likelihood i.e. frequency level. Analysed risks have then been assessed based on FAA ARP Risk Matrix. Mitigation measures (prevention, deterrence, denial, detection, neutralisation) have been identified following a ‘Defence-in-Depth’ approach.Findings: The findings of the study are that those UAV incidents are more numerous than anticipated and happen higher and further from the airports than expected: they happen not only in CTRs but also in TMAs. This has an impact on the mitigation measures that shall not only be deployed at airports side but also be on-boarded in manned aircrafts.Originality: To our knowledge, no study has combined different sources to constitute such a population focused on ‘serious’ UAVs incidents around airports worldwide, has applied the official FAA Safety Risk Management process to assess this risk and followed a structured ‘Defence-in-Depth’ approach typically used in Cybersecurity to mitigate this risk.Keywords: Airport security and safety, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) threat, Risk analysis and mitigation, Counter-UAVs technologies.

The study aims to analyze the importance of safety in the effect of the physical surroundings on the operation of an airport. It focuses on various obstacle free surfaces defined in the design of an airport: obstacle limitation surfaces and procedure obstacle free areas. The study includes the enhancement of an automatic tool for the representation of these surfaces and their corresponding obstacle analysis. The tool will be tested in the safety analysis of a new real Greenfield airport development projects. The summary of the tasks to be performed during the project are: Identification and description of the concept of safety according to the effect of the physical environment of an airport on its operations. Analysis of the currently developed automatic tool and identification of the further improvements to be implemented. Further development of the automatic tool according to the improvements previously identifiedValidation of the enhanced tool and analysis of its advancements. Calibration and testing of the tool using the case study of a real airport developments

Περίληψη: φ. 1: Εισαγωγή -- Κεφ. 2: Βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση -- Κεφ. 3: Ανασκόπηση νομοθεσίας για την πρόληψη των κινδύνων από βιομηχανικά ατυχήματα -- Κεφ. 4: Συστήματα διαχείρισης ασφάλειας -- Κεφ. 5: Ανασκόπηση νομοθετικών απαιτήσεων για την εναέρια μεταφορά επικίνδυνων υλικών -- Κεφ. 6: Περιγραφή παραδείγματος εφαρμογής (case study): Διαχείριση επικινδυνότητας και ασφάλειας επικίνδυνων ουσιών στο Διεθνή Αερολιμένα Αθηνών -- Κεφ. 7: Ανάπτυξη του προτύπου συστήματος διαχείρισης ασφάλειας σε αεροδρόμια -- Κεφ. 8: Ανάλυση της λειτουργίας του προτύπου συστήματος διαχείρισης ασφάλειας: Βρόχοι ροής ενεργειών -- Κεφ. 9: Ποσοτική αξιολόγηση της λειτουργίας και απόδοσης του προτύπου συστήματος διαχείρισης ασφάλειας

In this paper it has been tried to give an answer to the problem of assessing the risk of bird strikes with airplanes at airports; at present what we are using to do it is the Index 10,000, which present some shortcomings when diving results that are able to make comparisons between airports. Safety and a Safety Management System (SMS) are described, focusing on the key aspects and locating where the risk indices are found in a system like this: in the assurance part. Also, a characterization of bird strikes and how they can affect the aircraft performance and systems has been done, emphasizing on: strikes on the wings and how they can modify the aeronautical characteristics of the airfoil, engine ingestions and its consequences and strikes on the rest of the body and systems. Moreover, the risks associated to the presence of wildlife in the context of a risk management of an SMS have been identified. Different alternative indices have been presented (five of them) along with the Index 10,000 and the same set of historical monthly and annually data from a real airport has been applied to them. This way they can be compared directly. Finally, it has been concluded that, certainly, the Index 10,000 is not the best, but the winning index is the average biomass per impact, even though the idea of using a combination of different indices is more effective is raised also. Keywords: risk, wildlife, index 10,000, airport, SMS, risk management, bird strikes En este trabajo se ha intentado dar respuesta al problema que se plantea a la hora de evaluar el riesgo de choques de aves con aviones en los aeropuertos; actualmente se utiliza el Índice 10.000, el cual presenta deficiencias a la hora de arrojar resultados que permitan comparar aeropuertos.Se describe qué es la Seguridad Operacional y un Sistema de Gestión de la Seguridad Operacional, haciendo hincapié en los apartados clave y localizando dónde se encuentran los índices de riesgo dentro del mismo: en el del aseguramiento.Se ha realizado una caracterización de los impactos de ave y de cómo pueden afectar a las aeronaves, centrándose en: golpes en las alas y cómo estos pueden afectar a sus características aerodinámicas, absorciones de motor y consecuencias y golpes en el resto del fuselaje y sistemas. Además, se han identificado los riesgos asociados a la presencia de fauna en el marco de la gestión de riesgos de un SGSO.Se han planteado distintos índices alternativos (en concreto, cinco) junto con el Índice 10.000y se han calculado sobre el mismo conjunto de datos históricos mensuales y anuales de un aeropuerto real. De esta forma, se pueden comparar directamente.Finalmente se concluye que, efectivamente, el Índice 10.000no es el mejor, sino que la fórmula ganadora resulta de la media de biomasa por impacto, aunque también se plantea que utilizar una combinación de dos índices es más efectivo.