Author: "Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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215 results on '"Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)"'

1. T1-Based Synthetic Magnetic Resonance Contrasts Improve Multiple Sclerosis and Focal Epilepsy Imaging at 7 T

Author: Jean-Philippe Ranjeva, Thomas Troalen, Tobias Kober, Axel Bartoli, Aurélien Massire, Virginie Callot, Charlotte Seiler, Gilles Brun, Olivier M. Girard, Pierre Lehmann, Maxime Guye, Fabrice Bartolomei, Jean Pelletier, Bertrand Audoin, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, genetic structures, Lesion Identification, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Image quality, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 7 t, ultra-high field mri, multiple sclerosis, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Lesion, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, neuroradiology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Retrospective Studies, medicine.diagnostic_test, synthetic mri, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, Brain, Magnetic resonance imaging, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 3. Good health, Multiple comparisons problem, epilepsy, Epilepsies, Partial, Radiology, medicine.symptom, business, mp2rage, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Objectives, Ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (>= 7 T) is a unique opportunity to improve the clinical diagnosis of brain pathologies, such as multiple sclerosis or focal epilepsy. However, several shortcomings of 7 T MRI, such as radiofrequency field inhomogeneities, could degrade image quality and hinder radiological interpretation. To address these challenges, an original synthetic MRI method based on T-1 mapping achieved with the magnetization-prepared 2 rapid acquisition gradient echo (MP2RAGE) sequence was developed. The radiological quality of on-demand T-1-based contrasts generated by this technique was evaluated in multiple sclerosis and focal epilepsy imaging at 7 T. Materials and Methods, This retrospective study was carried out from October 2017 to September 2019 and included 21 patients with different phenotypes of multiple sclerosis and 35 patients with focal epilepsy who underwent MRI brain examinations using a whole-body investigative 7 T magnetic resonance system. The quality of 2 proposed synthetic contrast images were assessed and compared with conventional images acquired at 7 T using the MP2RAGE sequence by 4 radiologists, evaluating 3 qualitative criteria: signal homogeneity, contrast intensity, and lesion visualization. Statistical analyses were performed on reported quality scores using Wilcoxon rank tests and further multiple comparisons tests. Intraobserver and interobserver reliabilities were calculated as well. Results, Radiological quality scores were reported higher for synthetic images when compared with original images, regardless of contrast, pathologies, or raters considered, with significant differences found for all 3 criteria (P < 0.0001, Wilcoxon rank test). None of the 4 radiologists ever rated a synthetic image "markedly worse" than an original image. Synthetic images were rated slightly less satisfying for only 3 epileptic patients, without precluding lesion identification. Conclusion, T-1-based synthetic MRI with the MP2RAGE sequence provided on-demand contrasts and high-quality images to the radiologist, facilitating lesion visualization in multiple sclerosis and focal epilepsy, while reducing the magnetic resonance examination total duration by removing an additional sequence.
Published: 2020

2. Multiple sclerosis lesions in motor tracts from brain to cervical cord: spatial distribution and correlation with disability

Author: Bertrand Audoin, Tobias Granberg, Yasuhiko Tachibana, Massimo Filippi, Charley Gros, Xavier Ayrignac, Masaaki Hori, Francesca Galassi, Gilles Edan, Julien Cohen-Adad, Govind Nair, Nicolas Collongues, Lydia Chougar, Anne Kerbrat, Jennifer Lefeuvre, Leszek Stawiarz, Renxin Chu, Daniel S. Reich, Rohit Bakshi, Russell Ouellette, Adil Maarouf, Clarisse Carra-Dalliere, Jean Pelletier, Jan Hillert, Jérôme De Seze, Benoît Combès, Atef Badji, Pierre Labauge, Elise Bannier, Paola Valsasina, Maria A. Rocca, Jason F. Talbott, Kouhei Kamiya, Josefina Maranzano, Raphaël Chouteau, Virginie Callot, École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle [Montréal] (UNF-CRIUGM), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Empenn, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Département de Radiologie [CHU de Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Service de Neurologie [CHU Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Département de neurologie [Montpellier], Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [Montpellier]-Université de Montpellier (UM), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Department of Clinical Neuroscience [Sotckholm], Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging [San Francisco], University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California-University of California, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), Toho University Omori Medical Center [Tokyo], Service de Neuroradiologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Universita Vita Salute San Raffaele = Vita-Salute San Raffaele University [Milan, Italie] (UniSR), Centro San Giovanni di Dio, Fatebenefratelli, Brescia (IRCCS), Università degli Studi di Brescia [Brescia], Brigham & Women’s Hospital [Boston] (BWH), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques (BMNST), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), CIC Strasbourg (Centre d’Investigation Clinique Plurithématique (CIC - P) ), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Nouvel Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Fondation pour l'Aide à la Recherche sur la Sclérose en Plaques, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Vetenskapsrådet, Hjärnfonden, Doctoral TransMedTech, French Hospital Program of Clinical Research, PHRC, Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg]-Nouvel Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [Montpellier]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Neuroimagerie: méthodes et applications (Empenn), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Université de Rennes (UR), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Università degli Studi di Brescia = University of Brescia (UniBs), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Jonchère, Laurent, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Kerbrat, A., Gros, C., Badji, A., Bannier, E., Galassi, F., Combes, B., Chouteau, R., Labauge, P., Ayrignac, X., Carra-Dalliere, C., Maranzano, J., Granberg, T., Ouellette, R., Stawiarz, L., Hillert, J., Talbott, J., Tachibana, Y., Hori, M., Kamiya, K., Chougar, L., Lefeuvre, J., Reich, D. S., Nair, G., Valsasina, P., Rocca, M. A., Filippi, M., Chu, R., Bakshi, R., Callot, V., Pelletier, J., Audoin, B., Maarouf, A., Collongues, N., De Seze, J., Edan, G., and Cohen-Adad, J.
Subjects: Adult, Male, corticospinal tract, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Cord, Pyramidal Tracts, multiple sclerosis, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Lesion, Disability Evaluation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], 10. No inequality, Retrospective Studies, [SDV.IB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Clinically isolated syndrome, Expanded Disability Status Scale, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, Brain, Cervical Cord, Original Articles, Middle Aged, Spinal cord, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, medicine.anatomical_structure, disability, Corticospinal tract, Disease Progression, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Neurology (clinical), Brainstem, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, MRI
Abstract: Despite important efforts to solve the clinico-radiological paradox, correlation between lesion load and physical disability in patients with multiple sclerosis remains modest. One hypothesis could be that lesion location in corticospinal tracts plays a key role in explaining motor impairment. In this study, we describe the distribution of lesions along the corticospinal tracts from the cortex to the cervical spinal cord in patients with various disease phenotypes and disability status. We also assess the link between lesion load and location within corticospinal tracts, and disability at baseline and 2-year follow-up. We retrospectively included 290 patients (22 clinically isolated syndrome, 198 relapsing remitting, 39 secondary progressive, 31 primary progressive multiple sclerosis) from eight sites. Lesions were segmented on both brain (T2-FLAIR or T2-weighted) and cervical (axial T2- or T2*-weighted) MRI scans. Data were processed using an automated and publicly available pipeline. Brain, brainstem and spinal cord portions of the corticospinal tracts were identified using probabilistic atlases to measure the lesion volume fraction. Lesion frequency maps were produced for each phenotype and disability scores assessed with Expanded Disability Status Scale score and pyramidal functional system score. Results show that lesions were not homogeneously distributed along the corticospinal tracts, with the highest lesion frequency in the corona radiata and between C2 and C4 vertebral levels. The lesion volume fraction in the corticospinal tracts was higher in secondary and primary progressive patients (mean = 3.6 ± 2.7% and 2.9 ± 2.4%), compared to relapsing-remitting patients (1.6 ± 2.1%, both P
Published: 2020

3. An optimized MP2RAGE sequence for studying both brain and cervical spinal cord in a single acquisition at 3T

Author: Virginie Callot, Henitsoa Rasoanandrianina, Arash Forodighasemabadi, Maxime Guye, Mohamed Mounir El Mendili, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), European Project: 713750,H2020,H2020-MSCA-COFUND-2015,DOC2AMU(2016), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Central Nervous System, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Central nervous system, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Sensory system, Magnetization, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Cervical Spinal Cord, White matter, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, High spatial resolution, Humans, Computer Simulation, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Reproducibility, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, Cervical Cord, Reproducibility of Results, Brain, T1 mapping, Spinal cord, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Prepared 2 Rapid Acquisition Gradient Echo, medicine.anatomical_structure, Spinal Cord, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: International audience; Magnetization Prepared 2 Rapid Acquisition Gradient Echo (MP2RAGE) is a T1 mapping technique that has been used broadly on brain and recently on cervical spinal cord (cSC).The growing interest for combined investigation of brain and SC in numerous pathologies of the central nervous system such as multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and traumatic injuries, now brings about the need for optimization with regards to this specific investigation. This implies large spatial coverage with high spatial resolution and short acquisition time, high CNR and low B1+ sensitivity, as well as high reproducibility and robust post-processing tools for T1 quantification in different regions of brain and SC.In this work, a dedicated protocol (referred to as Pr-BSC) has been optimized for simultaneous brain and cSC T1 MP2RAGE acquisition at 3T. After computer simulation optimization, the protocol was applied for in vivo validation experiments and compared to previously published state of the art protocols focusing on either the brain (Pr-B) or the cSC (Pr-SC). Reproducibility and in-ROI standard deviations were assessed on healthy volunteers in the perspective of future clinical use.The mean T1 values, obtained by the Pr-BSC, in brain white, gray and deep gray matters were: (mean ± in-ROI SD) 792 ± 27 ms, 1339 ± 139 ms and 1136 ± 88 ms, respectively. In cSC, T1 values for white matter corticospinal, posterior sensory, lateral sensory and rubro/reticulospinal tracts were 902 ± 41 ms, 920 ± 35 ms, 903 ± 46 ms, 891 ± 41 ms, respectively, and 954 ± 32 ms for anterior and intermediate gray matter. The Pr-BSC protocol showed excellent agreement with previously proposed Pr-B on brain and Pr-SC on cSC, with very high inter-scan reproducibility (coefficients of variation of 0.52 ± 0.36% and 1.12 ± 0.62% on brain and cSC, respectively).This optimized protocol covering both brain and cSC with a sub-millimetric isotropic spatial resolution in one acquisition of less than 8 min, opens up great perspectives for clinical applications focusing on degenerative tissue such as encountered in MS and ALS.
Published: 2021

4. 2D Multi-Class Model for Gray and White Matter Segmentation of the Cervical Spinal Cord at 7T

Author: Laines Medina, Nilser, Gros, Charley, Cohen-Adad, Julien, Callot, Virginie, Le Troter, Arnaud, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Mila - Quebec AI Institute, Marseille Imaging Institute / Institut d'Imagerie de Marseille, NeuroMarseille Institute / Institut NeuroMarseille, ARSEP (Fondation pour l’Aide à la Recherche sur la Sclérose En Plaques), Fondation Thierry Latran, MarMaRa Institute / Institut Marseille Maladies rares, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI), Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV), Image and Video Processing (eess.IV), FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract: The spinal cord (SC), which conveys information between the brain and the peripheral nervous system, plays a key role in various neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), in which both gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) may be impaired. While automated methods for WM/GM segmentation are now largely available, these techniques, developed for conventional systems (3T or lower) do not necessarily perform well on 7T MRI data, which feature finer details, contrasts, but also different artifacts or signal dropout. The primary goal of this study is thus to propose a new deep learning model that allows robust SC/GM multi-class segmentation based on ultra-high resolution 7T T2*-w MR images. The second objective is to highlight the relevance of implementing a specific data augmentation (DA) strategy, in particular to generate a generic model that could be used for multi-center studies at 7T., 8 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2021

5. Increased Sodium Concentration in Substantia Nigra in Early Parkinson's Disease: A Preliminary Study With Ultra-High Field (7T) MRI

Author: Stephan Grimaldi, Mohamed Mounir El Mendili, Wafaa Zaaraoui, Jean-Philippe Ranjeva, Jean-Philippe Azulay, Alexandre Eusebio, Maxime Guye, Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), ANR-15-CE19-0019,NEUROintraSOD-7T,Nouvelles stratégies pour quantifier in vivo les concentrations cérébrales intracellulaires de sodium par IRM 7T chez l'homme. Application à l'évaluation de la neurodégénérescence corticale et sous-corticale dans la sclérose en plaques(2015), ANR-11-INBS-0006,FLI,France Life Imaging(2011), ANR-11-EQPX-0001,7T AMI,Projet d'Aix-Marseille Université pour l'IRM 7T chez l'homme(2011), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Parkinson's disease, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Sodium, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Caudate nucleus, chemistry.chemical_element, Substantia nigra, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Atrophy, Internal medicine, medicine, RC346-429, 10. No inequality, sodium, Original Research, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Putamen, Neurodegeneration, neurodegeneration, medicine.disease, Pathophysiology, 3. Good health, Endocrinology, Neurology, chemistry, ultra high field magnetic resonance imaging, biomarker, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Pathophysiology of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD) is complex and still misunderstood. At a time when treatments with disease-modifying potential are being developed, identification of early markers of neurodegeneration is essential. Intracerebral sodium accumulation could be one of them. Indeed, it may be in relation to the mitochondrial dysfunction that early exists in iPD. For the first time, we used brain sodium (23Na) MRI to explore sodium concentration changes that have already been reported to be related to neurodegeneration in other diseases. We prospectively included 10 iPD patients (mean age 52.2 ± 5.9 years-old) with motor symptoms that started 1H) and 23Na MRI at 7T. We then extracted quantitative Total Sodium Concentration (TSC) from five regions of interest known to be early impaired in iPD [substantia nigra (SN), putamen, caudate nucleus, pallidum, thalamus] and in one region supposed to be relatively spared in the first stages of the disease [cortical gray matter (neocortex)]. Potential atrophy in these structures was also investigated with 1H MRI. Relative to healthy subjects, iPD patients showed higher TSC in the SN (43.73 ± 4.64 vs. 37.72 ± 5.62, p = 0.006 after Bonferroni correction). A trend of increase in sodium concentrations was found within the pallidum (45.80 ± 4.19 vs. 41.07 ± 4.94, p = 0.017), putamen (48.65 ± 4.58 vs. 43.66 ± 5.04, p = 0.041) and the cortical gray matter (56.34 ± 3.92 vs. 50.81 ± 5.50, p = 0.021). No significant brain atrophy was found in patients compared to controls. Thus, alteration of sodium homeostasis in the SN in the absence of atrophy could be considered as a potential early marker of cellular dysfunction in iPD.
Published: 2021

6. Open-access quantitative MRI data of the spinal cord and reproducibility across participants, sites and manufacturers

Author: Alexandra Tinnermann, Dimitri Van De Ville, Cornelia Laule, Sean Mackey, Robert L. Barry, Benjamin De Leener, Anna Pichiecchio, Eva Alonso-Ortiz, Giancarlo Germani, Ali Khatibi, Nico Papinutto, Marc J. Ruitenberg, René Labounek, Nawal Kinany, Francesco Grussu, Michela Fratini, Petr Kudlička, Christophe Lenglet, Kouhei Kamiya, Pierre-Gilles Henry, Julien Cohen-Adad, Richard G. Wise, Deborah Pareto, Tomáš Horák, Jürgen Finsterbusch, Alex Rovira, Todd B. Parrish, Y. Suzuki, George Tackley, Junqian Xu, Falk Eippert, Virginie Callot, Daniel Papp, Laura Barlow, Karla R. Epperson, Charley Gros, Nicole Atcheson, Akifumi Hagiwara, Jan Valošek, Yaou Liu, Patrick Freund, Maria Marcella Laganà, James M. Joers, Marco Battiston, Markus Barth, Adam V. Dvorak, Masaaki Hori, Joo Won Kim, Miloš Keřkovský, Paulo Loureiro de Sousa, Sara Llufriu, Mihael Abramovic, Igor Nestrasil, Kenneth A. Weber, Christine S. Law, Paul Kuntke, Elisabeth Solana, Kristin P. O’Grady, Alexandru Foias, Slawomir Kusmia, Claudia A. M. Wheeler-Kingshott, Hagen H. Kitzler, Alex K. Smith, Nyoman D. Kurniawan, Shannon H. Kolind, Marios C. Yiannakas, Seth A. Smith, Zachary A. Smith, Federico Giove, Tobias Leutritz, Matthew D. Budde, Rebecca S. Samson, Christian Büchel, Kevin S. Epperson, Marek Dostál, Giovanni Savini, Issei Fukunaga, Haleh Karbasforoushan, Loan Mattera, Nikolaus Weiskopf, Guillaume Gilbert, Yazhuo Kong, Ferran Prados, Maryam Seif, Anna J.E. Combes, Julien Doyon, P Wyss, Alan C. Seifert, Carina Arneitz, Eloy Martinez-Heras, Maxime Descoteaux, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICube), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya. eHealth Center, Institut Català de la Salut, [Cohen-Adad J] NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada. Functional Neuroimaging Unit, CRIUGM, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. Mila - Quebec AI Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada. [Alonso-Ortiz E] NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada. [Abramovic M, Arneitz C] Department of Radiology, Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Nottwil, Switzerland. [Atcheson N] Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. [Barlow L] Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Grussu F] NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK. Radiomics Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain. Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. [Pareto D, Rovira À] Secció de Neuroradiologia, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitri, Barcelona, Spain, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Statistics and Probability, Data Descriptor, medicine.medical_specialty, Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Neurosciences [q-bio.NC], Investigació - Avaluació, Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Spinal Cord [ANATOMY], databases, Computer science, Science, of-the-art, Spinal cord diseases, Spinal Cord Diseases, Imaging techniques, Library and Information Sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Education, Databases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Diagnostic Imaging::Tomography::Magnetic Resonance Imaging [ANALYTICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES, AND EQUIPMENT], Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Research Design::Reproducibility of Results [ANALYTICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES, AND EQUIPMENT], medicine, Medical physics, diagnóstico::técnicas y procedimientos diagnósticos::diagnóstico por imagen::tomografía::imagen por resonancia magnética [TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS, DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS], Other subheadings::Other subheadings::/diagnostic imaging [Other subheadings], Protocol (science), Reproducibility, Extramural, Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::/diagnóstico por imagen [Otros calificadores], técnicas de investigación::métodos epidemiológicos::diseño de la investigación epidemiológica::reproducibilidad de los resultados [TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS, DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS], white, Spinal cord, spinal cord diseases, Toolbox, imaging techniques, matter, Computer Science Applications, magnetization-transfer, medicine.anatomical_structure, Imatgeria per ressonància magnètica, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], sistema nervioso::sistema nervioso central::médula espinal [ANATOMÍA], Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Medul·la espinal - Malalties - Imatgeria, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Information Systems
Abstract: In a companion paper by Cohen-Adad et al. we introduce the spine generic quantitative MRI protocol that provides valuable metrics for assessing spinal cord macrostructural and microstructural integrity. This protocol was used to acquire a single subject dataset across 19 centers and a multi-subject dataset across 42 centers (for a total of 260 participants), spanning the three main MRI manufacturers: GE, Philips and Siemens. Both datasets are publicly available via git-annex. Data were analysed using the Spinal Cord Toolbox to produce normative values as well as inter/intra-site and inter/intra-manufacturer statistics. Reproducibility for the spine generic protocol was high across sites and manufacturers, with an average inter-site coefficient of variation of less than 5% for all the metrics. Full documentation and results can be found at https://spine-generic.rtfd.io/. The datasets and analysis pipeline will help pave the way towards accessible and reproducible quantitative MRI in the spinal cord., Measurement(s)spinal cordTechnology Type(s)magnetic resonance imagingFactor Type(s)manufacturer • siteSample Characteristic - OrganismHomo sapiensSample Characteristic - LocationCanada • Switzerland • Australia • United States of America • United Kingdom • Germany • French Republic • Czech Republic • Italy • Japan • Kingdom of Spain • China Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14052269
Published: 2021

7. T1 Mapping for Microstructural Assessment of the Cervical Spinal Cord in the Evaluation of Patients with Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy

Author: Virginie Callot, Pierre-Hugues Roche, Henitsoa Rasoanandrianina, Simon Lévy, Guillaume Baucher, Lauriane Pini, L. Troude, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Nord [CHU - APHM], Institut Carnot STAR, ANR-11-INBS-0006,FLI,France Life Imaging(2011), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Medullary cavity, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Context (language use), Spinal canal stenosis, Spinal Cord Diseases, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Degenerative disc disease, 03 medical and health sciences, Myelopathy, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Grading (tumors), business.industry, Cervical Cord, medicine.disease, Spinal cord, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Spine, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Spinal Cord, Cervical Vertebrae, Biomarker (medicine), Neurology (clinical), Radiology, Spondylosis, business, Spinal Cord Compression, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although current radiologic evaluation of degenerative cervical myelopathy by conventional MR imaging accurately demonstrates spondylosis or degenerative disc disease causing spinal cord dysfunction, conventional MR imaging still fails to provide satisfactory anatomic and clinical correlations. In this context, we assessed the potential value of quantitative cervical spinal cord T1 mapping regarding the evaluation of patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients diagnosed with mild and moderate-to-severe degenerative cervical myelopathy and 10 healthy subjects were enrolled in a multiparametric MR imaging protocol. Cervical spinal cord T1 mapping was performed with the MP2RAGE sequence procedure. Retrieved data were processed and analyzed regarding the global spinal cord and white and anterior gray matter on the basis of the clinical severity and the spinal canal stenosis grading.RESULTS: Noncompressed levels in healthy controls demonstrated significantly lower T1 values than noncompressed, mild, moderate, and severe stenotic levels in patients. Concerning the entire spinal cord T1 mapping, patients with moderate-to-severe degenerative cervical myelopathy had higher T1 values compared with healthy controls. Regarding the specific levels, patients with moderate-to-severe degenerative cervical myelopathy demonstrated a T1 value increase at C1, C7, and the level of maximal compression compared with healthy controls. Patients with mild degenerative cervical myelopathy had lower T1 values than those with moderate-to-severe degenerative cervical myelopathy at the level of maximal compression. Analyses of white and anterior gray matter confirmed similar results. Strong negative correlations between individual modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores and T1 values were also observed.CONCLUSIONS: In this preliminary study, 3D-MP2RAGE T1 mapping demonstrated increased T1 values in the pathology tissue samples, with diffuse medullary alterations in all patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy, especially relevant at C1 (nonstenotic level) and at the maximal compression level. Encouraging correlations observed with the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association score make this novel approach a potential quantitative biomarker related to clinical severity in degenerative cervical myelopathy. Nevertheless, patients with mild degenerative cervical myelopathy demonstrated nonsignificant results compared with healthy controls and should now be studied in multicenter studies with larger patient populations.
Published: 2021

8. Visualization of Gray Matter Atrophy and Anterior Corticospinal Tract Signal Hyperintensity in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Using 7T MRI

Author: Virginie Callot, Annie Verschueren, Shahram Attarian, Aurélien Massire, Maxime Guye, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Fondation Thierry Latran, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, Pyramidal Tracts, White matter, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Atrophy, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Gray Matter, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, medicine.diagnostic_test, Anterior corticospinal tract, business.industry, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Magnetic resonance imaging, Anatomy, medicine.disease, Amyotrophy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hyperintensity, medicine.anatomical_structure, Spastic tetraparesis, Female, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Two patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) presenting with different phenotypic descriptions underwent 7T MRI examination: a man with left upper limb amyotrophy due to lower motor neuron–predominant ALS (ALS Functional Rating Scale [ALSFRS] 33/48, left upper limb Medical Research Council [ULMRC] scale 15/25, right ULMRC scale 25/25, upper motor neurons [UMNs] score 17/55), in whom anterior gray matter hemiatrophy could be seen (figure, A); and a woman with spastic tetraparesis due to UMN-predominant ALS (ALSFRS 34/48, left and right ULMRC 21/25, UMNs 55/55) exhibiting lateral corticospinal but also anterior tracts hyperintensities (figure, B), while posterior and lateral sensory tracts were preserved. Consistent with respective clinical features, and in line with recent reports,1,2 these imaging findings open perspectives for white matter/gray matter impairment description in ALS at 7T.
Published: 2021

9. Clinical Integration of Automated Processing for Brain Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping: Multi‐Site Reproducibility and Single‐Site Robustness

Author: Patrice Péran, Patricia Desmond, Yi Wang, Brian H. Kopell, Ilhami Kovanlikaya, Mathieu Santin, Zhe Liu, Vijay K. Venkatraman, Pascal Spincemaille, Stéphane Lehéricy, Richard Watts, Matteo Ippoliti, Marcus R. Makowski, Ludovic de Rochefort, Shun Zhang, Cornell University [New York], Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg [Luxembourg], State Key Lab CAD&CG [HangZhou], Zhejiang University, CRM internatinoal, CRM international, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), University of Melbourne, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Paramétrique (LIP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IFR58-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Neurosurgery, Clement J. Zablocki VA Medical Center-Medical College of Wisconsin, Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille - FRE 3723 (LML), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centrale Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille
Subjects: Male, Scanner, Image quality, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Image processing, Article, Standard deviation, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Data acquisition, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Medical imaging, Humans, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Computer vision, Gray Matter, Clinic, Retrospective Studies, Brain Mapping, Reproducibility, business.industry, Brain, Reproducibility of Results, Quantitative susceptibility mapping, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, White Matter, Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping, Neurology (clinical), Artificial intelligence, business, Software, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background and purpose Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) of the brain has become highly reproducible and has applications in an expanding array of diseases. To translate QSM from bench to bedside, it is important to automate its reconstruction immediately after data acquisition. In this work, a server system that automatically reconstructs QSM and exchange images with the scanner using the DICOM standard is demonstrated using a multi-site, multi-vendor reproducibility study and a large, single-site, multi-scanner image quality review study in a clinical environment. Methods A single healthy subject was scanned with a 3D multi-echo gradient echo sequence at nine sites around the world using scanners from three manufacturers. A high-resolution (HiRes, .5 × .5 × 1 mm3 reconstructed) and standard-resolution (StdRes, .5 × .5 × 3 mm3 ) protocol was performed. ROI analysis of various white matter and gray matter regions was performed to investigate reproducibility across sites. At one institution, a retrospective multi-scanner image quality review was carried out of all clinical QSM images acquired consecutively in 1 month. Results Reconstruction times using a GPU were 29 ± 22 seconds (StdRes) and 55 ± 39 seconds (HiRes). ROI standard deviation across sites was below 24 ppb (StdRes) and 17 ppb (HiRes). Correlations between ROI averages across sites were on average .92 (StdRes) and .96 (HiRes). Image quality review of 873 consecutive patients revealed diagnostic or excellent image quality in 96% of patients. Conclusion Online QSM reconstruction for a variety of sites and scanner platforms with low cross-site ROI standard deviation is demonstrated. Image quality review revealed diagnostic or excellent image quality in 96% of 873 patients.
Published: 2019

10. Feasibility of human spinal cord perfusion mapping using dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging at 7T: Preliminary results and identified guidelines

Author: Maxime Guye, Simon Lévy, Pierre-Hugues Roche, Virginie Callot, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Laboratoire de Biomécanique Appliquée (LBA UMR T24), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Hôpital Nord [CHU - APHM], ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), ANR-11-EQPX-0001,7T AMI,Projet d'Aix-Marseille Université pour l'IRM 7T chez l'homme(2011), European Project: 713750,H2020,H2020-MSCA-COFUND-2015,DOC2AMU(2016), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Cord, 7T, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Contrast Media, Signal, perfusion, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Contrast (vision), Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, ultra-high field, media_common, business.industry, Echo-Planar Imaging, Reproducibility of Results, Blood flow, Spinal cord, medicine.anatomical_structure, Spinal Cord, Feasibility Studies, Bolus (digestion), business, Nuclear medicine, Perfusion, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Dynamic susceptibility, MRI
Abstract: International audience; PurposeTo explore the feasibility of dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI at 7 Tesla for human spinal cord perfusion mapping and fill the gap between brain and spinal cord perfusion mapping techniques.MethodsAcquisition protocols for high‐resolution single shot EPI in the spinal cord were optimized for both spin‐echo and gradient‐echo preparations, including cardiac gating, acquisition times and breathing cycle recording. Breathing‐induced MRI signal fluctuations were investigated in healthy volunteers. A specific image‐ and signal‐processing pipeline was implemented to address them. Dynamic susceptibility contrast was then evaluated in 3 healthy volunteers and 5 patients. Bolus depiction on slice‐wise signal within cord was investigated, and maps of relative perfusion indices were computed.ResultsSignal fluctuations were increased by 1.9 and 2.3 in free‐breathing compared to apnea with spin‐echo and gradient‐echo, respectively. The ratio between signal fluctuations and bolus peak in healthy volunteers was 5.0% for spin‐echo and 3.8% for gradient‐echo, allowing clear depiction of the bolus on every slice and yielding relative blood flow and volume maps exhibiting the expected higher perfusion of gray matter. However, signal fluctuations in patients were increased by 4 in average (using spin‐echo), compromising the depiction of the bolus in slice‐wise signal. Moreover, 3 of 18 slices had to be discarded because of fat‐aliasing artifacts.ConclusionDynamic susceptibility contrast MRI at 7 Tesla showed great potential for spinal cord perfusion mapping with a reliability never achieved thus far for single subject and single slice measurements. Signal stability needs to be improved in acquisition conditions associated with patients; guidelines to achieve that have been identified and shared.
Published: 2020

11. Biomechanical comparison of spinal cord compression types occurring in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy

Author: Pierre-Hugues Roche, Virginie Callot, Morgane Evin, Guillaume Baucher, Pierre-Jean Arnoux, Simon Lévy, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), iLab-Spine - Laboratoire international en imagerie et biomécanique du Rachis, Hôpital Nord [CHU - APHM], International Laboratory on Spine Imaging and Biomechanics (iLab-Spine), Laboratoire de Biomécanique Appliquée (LBA UMR T24), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université Gustave Eiffel, ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), ANR-11-INBS-0006,FLI,France Life Imaging(2011), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)
Subjects: Male, Cord, Herniated disk, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biophysics, Spinal cord compression, Spinal Cord Diseases, White matter, 03 medical and health sciences, Myelopathy, Ligamentum flavum hypertrophy, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Spinal canal, Finite element modeling, Degenerative cervical myelopathy, Mechanical Phenomena, Spinal cord, business.industry, 030229 sport sciences, Anatomy, medicine.disease, Compression (physics), Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Biomechanical Phenomena, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cervical Vertebrae, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; BackgroundDegenerative Cervical Myelopathy results from spine degenerations narrowing the spinal canal and inducing cord compressions. Prognosis is challenging. This study aimed at simulating typical spinal cord compressions observed in patients with a realistic model to better understand pathogenesis for later prediction of patients' evolution.MethodsA 30% reduction in cord cross-sectional area at C5-C6 was defined as myelopathy threshold based on Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy features from literature and MRI measurements in 20 patients. Four main compression types were extracted from MRIs and simulated with a comprehensive three-dimensional finite element spine model. Median diffuse, median focal and lateral types were modelled as disk herniation while circumferential type additionally involved ligamentum flavum hypertrophy. All stresses were quantified along inferior-superior axis, compression development and across atlas-defined spinal cord regions.FindingsAnterior gray and white matter globally received the highest stress while lateral pathways were the least affected. Median diffuse compression induced the highest stresses. Circumferential type focused stresses in posterior gray matter. Along inferior-superior axis, those two types showed a peak of constraints at compression site while median focal and lateral types showed lower values but extending further.InterpretationMedian diffuse type would be the most detrimental based on stress amplitude. Anterior regions would be the most at risk, except for circumferential type where posterior regions would be equally affected. In addition to applying constraints, ischemia could be a significant component explaining the early demyelination reported in lateral pathways. Moving towards patient-specific simulations, biomechanical models could become strong predictors for degenerative changes.
Published: 2020

12. Improved Cervical Cord Lesion Detection with 3D-MP2RAGE Sequence in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Author: Bertrand Audoin, Virginie Callot, Jean Pelletier, S. Demortière, Pierre Lehmann, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APHM, Service de Neurologie, APHM, Service de Neuroradiologie, ANR-11-INBS-0006,FLI,France Life Imaging(2011), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Multiple Sclerosis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Neuroimaging, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Text mining, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, education, Sequence (medicine), Retrospective Studies, education.field_of_study, medicine.diagnostic_test, Lesion detection, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, Cervical Cord, Magnetic resonance imaging, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Spinal cord, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Spine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Female, Neurology (clinical), Radiology, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Spinal cord lesions have a real diagnostic and prognostic role in multiple sclerosis. Thus, optimizing their detection on MR imaging has become a central issue with direct therapeutic impact. In this study, we compared the 3D-MP2RAGE sequence with the conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis (MAGNIMS) set for cervical cord lesion detection in 28 patients with multiple sclerosis. 3D-MP2RAGE allowed better detection of cervical lesions (+62%) in this population, with better confidence, due to optimized contrast and high spatial resolution
Published: 2020

13. Position conjointe du groupe de rythmologie et de stimulation cardiaque de la Société Française de Cardiologie et de la Société Française d’Imagerie Cardiaque et Vasculaire Diagnostique et Interventionnelle sur la pratique des examens par résonnance magnétique chez les patients porteurs de dispositifs cardiaques électroniques implantables

Author: Laurent Fauchier, Alexis Jacquier, Jacques Mansourati, Didier Klug, François Pontana, Frédéric Anselme, Pascal Defaye, Frederic Sacher, Daniel Gras, Louis Boyer, Jean-Nicolas Dacher, Estelle Gandjbakhch, Serge Boveda, Eloi Marijon, Olivier Piot, Lucie Cassagnes, Jérôme Taieb, Michel Chauvin, Hubert Cochet, Nicolas Sadoul, Gabriel Laurent, Axel Bartoli, Benjamin Dubourg, Jean-Claude Deharo, Philippe Maury, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Centre Hospitalier d'Aix en Provence [Aix-en-Provence] (CHIAP ), CHU Strasbourg, Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque [CHU Bordeaux], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], IHU-LIRYC, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], CHU Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Nouvelles Cliniques Nantaises - NCN [Nantes], CHU Lille, CHU Dijon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Franco-czech Laboratory for clinical research on obesity, Charles University [Prague] (CU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre cardiologique du Nord (CCN), Institut Coeur Poumon [CHU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Récepteurs Nucléaires, Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires - U1011 (RNMCD), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Clinique Pasteur, Clinique Pasteur [Toulouse], Institut de cardiologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de Radiologie [CHU Rouen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Service de cardiologie [CHU Rouen], Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Marseille] (CEMEREM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département de Cardiologie [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Service de Cardiologie [CHU de Dijon], Hôpital de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Récepteurs nucléaires, maladies cardiovasculaires et diabète - U 1011 (RNMCD), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Cardiologie [CHRU Nancy], Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), and Clinical sciences
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Pacemaker, Artificial, Heart Diseases, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Electric Countershock, French Society of Cardiology, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Prosthesis Design, 03 medical and health sciences, Defibrillator, 0302 clinical medicine, Magnetic resonance imaging, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Imagerie par résonance magnétique, Medicine, Humans, Cardiac Pacing, Artificial/adverse effects, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, Contraindication, Vascular imaging, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Cardiac Pacing, Artificial, General Medicine, Dispositif électronique cardiaque implantable, Defibrillators, Implantable, Prosthesis Failure, Pacemaker, Cardiac electronic implantable device, Stimulateur cardiaque, Cardiology, Position paper, Défibrillateur Société Française de Cardiologie, Electric Countershock/adverse effects, Imaging technique, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/adverse effects, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Heart Diseases/physiopathology
Abstract: International audience; Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become the reference imaging technique for the management of a large number of diseases. The number of MRI examinations increases every year, simultaneously with the number of patients receiving a cardiac electronic implantable device (CEID). The presence of a CEID was considered an absolute contraindication for MRI for many years. The progressive replacement of conventional pacemakers and defibrillators by "magnetic resonance (MR)-conditional" CEIDs and recent data on the safety of MRI in patients with "MR-non-conditional" CEIDs have gradually increased the demand for MRI in patients with a CEID. However, some risks are associated with MRI in CEID carriers, even with MR-conditional devices, because these devices are not "MR safe". Specific programming of the device in "MR mode" and monitoring patients during MRI remain mandatory for all patients with a CEID. A standardized patient workflow based on an institutional protocol should be established in each institution performing such examinations. This joint position paper of the Working Group of Pacing and Electrophysiology of the French Society of Cardiology and the French Society of Diagnostic and Interventional Cardiac and Vascular Imaging describes the effect of and risks associated with MRI in CEID carriers. We propose recommendations for patient workflow and monitoring and CEID programming in MR-conditional, "MR-conditional non-guaranteed" and MR-non-conditional devices.; L’imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM) est devenue l’imagerie de référence pour le diagnostic d’un grand nombre de pathologies. Le nombre d’examens IRM est en augmentation constante, parallèlement au nombre de patients implantés avec un dispositif électronique cardiaque implantable (DECI). L’IRM était considérée comme une contre-indication absolue à l’IRM jusqu’à il y a quelques années. Le remplacement progressif des stimulateurs et des défibrillateurs conventionnels par des dispositifs « IRM compatibles sous conditions » ainsi que les données récentes sur la sécurité des examens IRM chez les patients porteurs de dispositifs « non-IRM compatible » ont considérablement accru la demande d’examens IRM chez les patients porteurs de DECI. Cependant, les IRM peuvent être associés à certains risques chez les porteurs de DECI, y compris ceux « IRM compatibles sous conditions ». La programmation spécifique de l’appareil en mode « IRM » et la surveillance des patients pendant l’examen restent obligatoires pour tous les patients porteurs de DECI. Une prise en charge standardisée s’appuyant sur un protocole institutionnel est recommandée dans chaque établissement effectuant de tels examens. Ce document conjoint du Groupe Rythmologie et Stimulation Cardiaque de la Société Française de Cardiologie et de la Société Française d’Imagerie Cardiaque et Vasculaire Diagnostique et Interventionnelle décrit les effets et les risques associés à l’IRM chez des porteurs de DECI. Nous proposons des recommandations pour la prise en charge de ces patients, leur surveillance, ainsi que la programmation des dispositifs qu’ils soient « IRM compatibles sous conditions », « IRM compatibles sous conditions hors garantie constructeur » ou « non-IRM compatibles ».
Published: 2020

14. Simultaneous multi-slice T1 mapping using MOLLI with blipped CAIPIRINHA bSSFP

Author: Frank Kober, Thomas Troalen, Lauriane Pini, Zakarya Bentatou, Monique Bernard, Axel Bartoli, Alexis Jacquier, Maxime Guye, Stanislas Rapacchi, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Siemens Healthcare [France], Siemens AG [Munich], Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Département de Radiologie [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Amplitude-only modulation, Blood pool, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Imaging phantom, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Flip angle, Healthy volunteers, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, CAIPIRINHA, Wong modulation, Phantoms, Imaging, Blipped-CAIPIRINHA bSSFP, Significant difference, Reproducibility of Results, Multi slice, Single breath, T1 mapping, Simultaneous multi-slice, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MOLLI, Artifacts, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: Background This study evaluates the possibility for replacing conventional 3 slices, 3 breath-holds MOLLI cardiac T1 mapping with single breath-hold 3 simultaneous multi-slice (SMS3) T1 mapping using blipped-CAIPIRINHA SMS-bSSFP MOLLI sequence. As a major drawback, SMS-bSSFP presents unique artefacts arising from side-lobe slice excitations that are explained by imperfect RF modulation rendering and bSSFP low flip angle enhancement. Amplitude-only RF modulation (AM) is proposed to reduce these artefacts in SMS-MOLLI compared to conventional Wong multi-band RF modulation (WM). Materials and methods Phantoms and ten healthy volunteers were imaged at 1.5 T using a modified blipped-CAIPIRINHA SMS-bSSFP MOLLI sequence with 3 simultaneous slices. WM-SMS3 and AM-SMS3 were compared to conventional single-slice (SMS1) MOLLI. First, SNR degradation and T1 accuracy were measured in phantoms. Second, artefacts from side-lobe excitations were evaluated in a phantom designed to reproduce fat presence near the heart. Third, the occurrence of these artefacts was observed in volunteers, and their impact on T1 quantification was compared between WM-SMS3 and AM-SMS3 with conventional MOLLI as a reference. Results In the phantom, larger slice gaps and slice thicknesses yielded higher SNR. There was no significant difference of T1 values between conventional MOLLI and SMS3-MOLLI (both WM and AM). Positive banding artefacts were identified from fat neighbouring the targeted FOV due to side-lobe excitations from WM and the unique bSSFP signal profile. AM RF pulses reduced these artefacts by 38%. In healthy volunteers, AM-SMS3-MOLLI showed similar artefact reduction compared to WM-SMS3-MOLLI (3 ± 2 vs 5 ± 3 corrupted LV segments out of 16). In-vivo native T1 values obtained from conventional MOLLI and AM-SMS3-MOLLI were equivalent in LV myocardium (SMS1-T1 = 935.5 ± 36.1 ms; AM-SMS3-T1 = 933.8 ± 50.2 ms; P = 0.436) and LV blood pool (SMS1-T1 = 1475.4 ± 35.9 ms; AM-SMS3-T1 = 1452.5 ± 70.3 ms; P = 0.515). Identically, no differences were found between SMS1 and SMS3 postcontrast T1 values in the myocardium (SMS1-T1 = 556.0 ± 19.7 ms; SMS3-T1 = 521.3 ± 28.1 ms; P = 0.626) and the blood (SMS1-T1 = 478 ± 65.1 ms; AM-SMS3-T1 = 447.8 ± 81.5; P = 0.085). Conclusions Compared to WM RF modulation, AM SMS-bSSFP MOLLI was able to reduce side-lobe artefacts considerably, providing promising results to image the three levels of the heart in a single breath hold. However, few artefacts remained even using AM-SMS-bSSFP due to residual RF imperfections. The proposed blipped-CAIPIRINHA MOLLI T1 mapping sequence provides accurate in vivo T1 quantification in line with those obtained with a single slice acquisition.
Published: 2020

15. An Alzheimer Disease Challenge Model: 24-Hour Sleep Deprivation in Healthy Volunteers, Impact on Working Memory, and Reversal Effect of Pharmacological Intervention

Author: Chan Kwong, Anna, Cassé-Perrot, Catherine, Costes-Salon, Marie-Claude, Jouve, Elisabeth, Lanteaume, Laura, Audebert, Christine, Rouby, Franck, Lefebvre, Marie-Noëlle, Ranjeva, Jean-Philippe, Beck, Arnaud, Deplanque, Dominique, Ponchel, Amélie, Vervueren, Céline, Truillet, Romain, Babilon, Claudio, Auffret, Alexandra, Richardson, Jill, Payoux, Pierre, Bartrés-Faz, David, Blin, Olivier, Bordet, Régis, Micallef, Joëlle, Centre investigation clinique - Unité de pharmacologie clinique et d'évaluations thérapeutiques (CIC-UPCET), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Médecine et de Physiologie Spatiales (MEDES), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université de Tours-Université de Clermont-Ferrand-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog (ex-JPARC)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), INSERM U825. Hôpital Purpan, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), IFR de neurosciences de Strasbourg (INS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Sapienza University of Rome, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GlaxoSmithKline [Stevenage, UK] (GSK), GlaxoSmithKline [Headquarters, London, UK] (GSK), Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Dept. of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institut Clinic of Neurosciences IDIBAPS (Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer), Hospital Clínic Universitari of Barcelona, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université de Tours (UT)-Université de Clermont-Ferrand-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques (ICHN), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université de Tours (UT)-Université de Clermont-Ferrand-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)
Subjects: [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

16. Anterior fissure, central canal, posterior septum and more: New insights into the cervical spinal cord gray and white matter regional organization using T1 mapping at 7T

Author: Henitsoa Rasoanandrianina, Aurélien Massire, Maxime Guye, Virginie Callot, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-11-EQPX-0001,7T AMI,Projet d'Aix-Marseille Université pour l'IRM 7T chez l'homme(2011), ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), ANR-11-INBS-0006,FLI,France Life Imaging(2011), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Dorsum, Parcellation, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Cognitive Neuroscience, Ultra-high field, 050105 experimental psychology, lcsh:RC321-571, White matter, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, High spatial resolution, medicine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Spinal cord, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Healthy subjects, Anatomy, Motor neuron, T1 mapping, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Pathology diagnosis, WM/GM substructures, Neuropathic pain, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; T1 mapping lacks specificity toward a single particular biological feature, however it has the potential to discriminate spinal cord regional tissue organization and characterize tissue microstructural impairments occurring in neurodegenerative pathologies. In this exploratory work, T1 mapping of the cervical spinal cord with a 300-μm in-plane resolution was performed on fourteen healthy subjects at 7T, using the MP2RAGE sequence. Individual images from C1 to C7 vertebral levels provided a clear delineation of spinal cord anatomical details and substructures including motor columns within gray matter (GM) horns, anterior median fissure, central canal, ventral, lateral and dorsal white matter (WM) fasciculi, and posterior median septum. Group studies highlighted regional T1 differences between regions of interest so far hardly visible at lower spatial resolution. Two-dimensional averaged T1 maps and manual parcellation of GM and WM substructures were built based on these data. Benefiting from the very high spatial resolution achievable at ultra-high field for T1 mapping, this work contributes to improve the in vivo characterization of the cervical spinal cord. By allowing investigation within a wider range of functional regions, it also opens new perspectives for pathology diagnosis such as motor neuron disease, neuropathic pain or refined investigation of neurodegeneration.
Published: 2020

17. Quantification of right ventricular extracellular volume in pulmonary hypertension using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

Author: Thibaut Capron, Monique Bernard, Alexis Jacquier, S. Renard, Paul Habert, Axel Bartoli, Gilbert Habib, S. Hubert, Zakarya Bentatou, Maxime Guye, Farouk Tradi, Stanislas Rapacchi, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Image Science for Interventional Techniques (ISIT), Clermont Université-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), STMicroelectronics [Crolles] (ST-CROLLES), Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections (MEPHI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)
Subjects: Male, Cardiac output, Hematocrit, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Extracellular fluid, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Ejection fraction, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, medicine.diagnostic_test, General Medicine, Pulmonary, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Hypertension, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Cardiology, Female, Extracellular volume, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Heart Ventricles, Hypertension, Pulmonary, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Aged, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, Stroke Volume, T1 mapping, medicine.disease, Pulmonary hypertension, Fibrosis, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Annular velocity, business
Abstract: International audience; PurposeThe purpose of this prospective study was to assess the value of biventricular extracellular volume (ECV) in pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) obtained using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and to correlate ECV with markers of prognosis such as strain echocardiography and blood biomarkers of fibrosis.Materials and methodsTwelve patients with PH (6 men, 6 women; mean age = 50 ± 16 [SD] years; age range: 22–73 years) underwent the same day: (i), transthoracic echocardiography including measurement of right ventricular (RV) fractional shortening (RVfs), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), maximal tricuspid annular velocity, RV global and segmental deformation; (ii), right heart catheterization measuring pulmonary arterial pressures (in mmHg) and cardiac output (in L/min); (iii), CMR at 1.5-T measuring RV volumes and ejection fraction; (iv), native and 15 min post-contrast T1 mapping using modified look-locker inversion-recovery sequence; and (v), serum quantification of two biomarkers of collagen turnover and hematocrit. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney tests were used to search for differences between categorical variables. Spearman correlation test was used for search for correlation between quantitative values.ResultsGlobal RV ECV was 34% ± 4.2 (SD) for our entire population. A significant correlation was found between RV ECV and RVfs (r = 0.6; P = 0.026), S wave velocity (r = 0.7; P = 0.009), TAPSE (r = 0.6; P = 0.040) and RV systolic ejection fraction on CMR (r = 0.6; P = 0.04). There were no correlations between the ECV values in the lateral wall of the RV and in the septum (r = 0.4; P = 0.206). A significant correlation was found between septal ECV and 2D septal strain (r = 0.7; P = 0.013).ConclusionECV in PH as obtained using CMR appears to correlate with known echocardiographic prognostic markers and more specifically with the markers, which assess RV systolic function.
Published: 2020

18. Imaging Biomarkers of Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s Disease: Distinct Contributions of Cortical MRI Atrophy and FDG-PET Hypometabolism

Author: Benvenutto, Agnès, Giusiano, Bernard, Koric, Lejla, Gueriot, Claude, Didic, Mira, Felician, Olivier, Guye, Maxime, Guedj, Eric, Ceccaldi, Mathieu, Nobili, Flavio, Aix-Marseille Université - Faculté de médecine (AMU MED), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de neurologie et de neuropsychologie, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie et Neuropsychologie, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service Central de Biophysique et de Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Clinical Neurophysiology Service, Dept of Endocrinological and Metabolic Sciences, University of Ge, Neurobiologie intégrative et adaptative (NIA), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Marseille] (CEMEREM), Imagerie MOléculaire pour applications THéranostiques personnalisées (IMOTHEP), Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche, CHU Marseille, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, tau Proteins, Context (language use), 03 medical and health sciences, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, 0302 clinical medicine, Atrophy, Alzheimer Disease, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Dementia, 10. No inequality, Pathological, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, Cognitive reserve, Cerebral Cortex, Amyloid beta-Peptides, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, General Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Magnetic resonance imaging, Cognition, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Peptide Fragments, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, 030104 developmental biology, Positron-Emission Tomography, Nerve Degeneration, Female, Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, Biomarkers, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background Neurodegeneration biomarkers are routinely used in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Objective To evaluate the respective contributions of two neuroimaging biomarkers, structural MRI and 18FDG-PET, in the assessment of neurodegeneration in AD dementia. Methods Patients with mild AD dementia diagnosed based on clinical and cerebrospinal fluid criteria and cognitively healthy subjects, from the Marseille cohort ADAge with cognitive, structural MRI and 18FDG-PET assessments, were included. Extent of atrophy on MRI and of hypometabolism on 18FDG-PET were individually evaluated in each patient using a voxel-based analysis on whole-brain approach and compared to healthy subjects. Patients were divided in distinct groups according to their atrophy extent on the one hand and to their hypometabolism extent on the other, then, to their imaging profile combining the extent of the two biomarkers. Results Fifty-two patients were included. The MMSE score was significantly lower in the "Extensive hypometabolism" group than in the "Limited hypometabolism" group (respectively 19.5/30 versus 23/30). A lower Innotest Amyloid Tau Index was associated with an extensive hypometabolism (p = 0.04). There were more patients with low educational level in the "Extensive atrophy" group, while a higher educational level was more found in the "Limited atrophy" group (p = 0.005). Conclusion 18FDG-PET hypometabolism extent is associated with the pathological processes and clinical severity of AD, while MRI atrophy seems to be influenced by the cognitive reserve. In the context of mild AD dementia, these two biomarkers of neurodegeneration are thus not interchangeable and require to be considered in combination rather than in isolation.
Published: 2018

19. High levels of serum soluble TWEAK are associated with neuroinflammation during multiple sclerosis

Author: Michel Khrestchatisky, Adil Maarouf, Sophie Desplat-Jégo, Jean Pelletier, Delphine Stephan, Bertrand Audoin, Marie-Pierre Ranjeva, Jean-Philippe Ranjeva, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut de neurophysiopathologie (INP), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, medicine.medical_treatment, lcsh:Medicine, Gadolinium, Inflammation, Nervous System, Gastroenterology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lesion, Multiple sclerosis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neuroinflammation, Recurrence, Internal medicine, TWEAK, Humans, Medicine, Cytokine, business.industry, Research, lcsh:R, Cytokine TWEAK, General Medicine, Biomarker, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 030104 developmental biology, Solubility, Blood biomarkers, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Biomarker (medicine), Female, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: International audience; Background: Inflammation and demyelination are the main processes in multiple sclerosis. Nevertheless, to date, blood biomarkers of inflammation are lacking. TWEAK, a transmembrane protein that belongs to the TNF ligand family , has been previously identified as a potential candidate. Methods: Twenty-eight patients (9 males, 19 females) were prospectively included after a first clinical episode suggestive of multiple sclerosis and clinically followed during 3 years. Fifty-seven healthy controls were also included. TWEAK serum levels and MRI exams including magnetization transfer imaging were performed at baseline, 6-and 12-month follow-up. Results: TWEAK serum levels were significantly increased in the patient group (mean baseline = 1086 ± 493 pg/ mL, mean M6 = 624 ± 302 pg/mL and mean M12 = 578 ± 245 pg/mL) compared to healthy controls (mean = 467 ± 177 pg/mL; respectively p < 0.0001, 0.01 and 0.06). Serum levels of soluble TWEAK were significantly increased during relapses, compared to time periods without any relapse (respectively 935 ± 489 pg/mL and 611 ± 292 pg/mL, p = 0.0005). Moreover, patients presenting at least one gadolinium-enhanced CNS lesion at base-line (n = 7) displayed significantly increased serum TWEAK levels in comparison with patients without any gadolin-ium-enhanced lesion at baseline (n = 21) (respectively 1421 ± 657 pg/mL vs 975 ± 382 pg/mL; p = 0.02). Finally, no correlation was evidenced between TWEAK serum levels and the extent of brain tissue damage assessed by magneti-zation transfer ratio. Conclusions: The present study showed that TWEAK serum levels are increased in MS patients, in relation to the disease activity. This simple and reproducible serum test could be used as a marker of ongoing inflammation, contributing in the follow-up and the care of MS patients. Thus, TWEAK is a promising serum marker of the best window to perform brain MRI, optimizing the disease control in patients.
Published: 2019

20. Use of magnetic resonance image registration to estimate displacement in the human earcanal due to the insertion of in-ear devices

Author: Éric Wagnac, Virginie Callot, Olivier Doutres, Arnaud Le Troter, Franck Sgard, Simon Benacchio, Arthur Varoquaux, Ecole de Technologie Supérieure [Montréal] (ETS), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Adult, Male, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Computer science, Acoustics, Physical Comfort, Equipment Design, 01 natural sciences, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Displacement (vector), [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), 0103 physical sciences, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Ear Protective Devices, 010301 acoustics, Ear Canal
Abstract: International audience; In-ear devices are used in a wide range of applications for which the device's usability and/or efficiency is strongly related to comfort aspects that are influenced by the mechanical interaction between the device and the walls of the earcanal. Although the displacement of the earcanal walls due to the insertion of the device is an important characteristic of this interaction, existing studies on this subject are very limited. This paper proposes a method to estimate this displacement in vivo using a registration technique on magnetic resonance images. The amplitude, the location and the direction of the earcanal wall displacement are computed for four types of earplugs used by one participant. These displacements give indications on how each earplug deforms the earcanal for one specific earcanal geometry and one specific earplug insertion. Although the displacement due to a specific earplug family cannot be generalized using the results of this paper, the latter help to understand where, how much, and how each studied earplug deforms the earcanal of the participant. This method is revealed as a promising tool to investigate further acoustical and physical comfort aspects of in-ear devices.
Published: 2019

21. Structural Connectivity Alterations in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Graph Theory Based Imaging Study

Author: Fortanier, Etienne, Grapperon, Aude-Marie, Le Troter, Arnaud, Verschueren, Annie, Ridley, Ben, Guye, Maxime, Attarian, Shahram, Ranjeva, Jean-Philippe, Zaaraoui, W, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neuro-Oncologie [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Department of Neurology, Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires et de la SLA, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), APHM - AORC Junior 2014 program, ANR-15-CE19-0019,NEUROintraSOD-7T,Nouvelles stratégies pour quantifier in vivo les concentrations cérébrales intracellulaires de sodium par IRM 7T chez l'homme. Application à l'évaluation de la neurodégénérescence corticale et sous-corticale dans la sclérose en plaques(2015), ANR-11-INBS-0006,FLI,France Life Imaging(2011), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: DTI, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, connectivity, graph theory, hub, ALS, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, MRI
Abstract: International audience; Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a relentlessly progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Diffusion magnetic resonance imagining (MRI) studies have consistently showed widespread alterations in both motor and non-motor brain regions. However, connectomics and graph theory based approaches have shown inconsistent results. Hub-centered lesion patterns and their impact on local and large-scale brain networks remain to be established. The objective of this work is to characterize topological properties of structural brain connectivity in ALS using an array of local, global and hub-based network metrics.Materials and methods: Magnetic resonance imagining data were acquired from 25 patients with ALS and 26 age-matched healthy controls. Structural network graphs were constructed from diffusion tensor MRI. Network-based statistics (NBS) and graph theory metrics were used to compare structural networks without a priori regions of interest.Results: Patients with ALS exhibited global network alterations with decreased global efficiency (Eglob) (p = 0.03) and a trend of reduced whole brain mean degree (p = 0.05) compared to controls. Six nodes showed significantly decreased mean degree in ALS: left postcentral gyrus, left interparietal and transverse parietal sulcus, left calcarine sulcus, left occipital temporal medial and lingual sulcus, right precentral gyrus and right frontal inferior sulcus (p < 0.01). Hub distribution was comparable between the two groups. There was no selective hub vulnerability or topological reorganization centered on these regions as the hub disruption index (κ) was not significant for the relevant metrics (degree, local efficiency and betweenness centrality). Using NBS, we identified an impaired motor subnetwork of 11 nodes and 10 edges centered on the precentral and the paracentral nodes (p < 0.01). Significant clinical correlations were identified between degree in the frontal area and the disease progression rate of ALS patients (p < 0.01).Conclusion: Our study provides evidence that alterations of structural connectivity in ALS are primarily driven by node degree and white matter tract degeneration within an extended network around the precentral and the paracentral areas without hub-centered reorganization.
Published: 2019

22. Regional T 1 mapping of the whole cervical spinal cord using an optimized MP2RAGE sequence

Author: Jean-Philippe Ranjeva, Virginie Callot, Maxime Guye, Tobias Kober, Henitsoa Rasoanandrianina, Aurélien Massire, Manuel Taso, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Siemens AG Healthcare Sector, Erlangen, ANR-11-INBS-0006,FLI,France Life Imaging(2011), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Reproducibility, Relaxometry, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, relaxometry, spinal cord, gray matter, T1 mapping, Biology, Spinal cord, spinal cord template, MP2RAGE, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, White matter, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine, Molecular Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, white matter, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Spectroscopy, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: International audience; While T1 measurements present multiple challenges (robustness, acquisition time), the recently proposed MP2RAGE sequence (magnetization‐prepared two rapid acquisition gradient echoes) has opened new perspectives to characterize tissue microstructure changes occurring in a pathological or developmental context. Extensively used for brain studies, it was herein adapted to investigate the cervical spinal cord (SC) at 3 T.By integrating Bloch equations, the MP2RAGE sequence parameters were chosen to optimize SC gray matter/white matter (GM/WM) T1 contrast with sub‐millimetric resolution, a scan time less than 10 min and a reliable T1 determination with minimal B1+ variation effect, within a range of values compatible with different pathologies and surrounding structures. The residual B1+ effect on T1 values was corrected using a look‐up‐table approach and B1+ mapping. The accuracy of B1+‐corrected T1 measurements was assessed on a phantom with respect to conventional inversion recovery. In vivo MP2RAGE acquisitions were performed on five young (28.8 ± 4.3 years old) and five elderly (60.2 ± 2.9 years old) volunteers and analyzed using a template‐based approach.Phantom experiments led to high agreements between inversion‐recovery spin‐echo and MP2RAGE‐based T1 values (R2 = 0.997). In vivo T1 values for cervical WM, anterior GM (aGM), posterior sensory tracts (PSTs) and lateral motor tracts (LMTs) were 917 ± 29 s, 934 ± 33 ms, 920 ± 37 ms and 877 ± 35 ms, respectively, with all subjects and cervical levels considered. Significant differences were observed between aGM and LMTs, and between LMTs and PSTs, in agreement with the literature. Repeated T1 measurements demonstrated high reproducibility of the MP2RAGE in the SC (variation coefficient < 5% in all regions of interest). Finally, preliminary assessment of age‐related SC tissue microstructure variation additionally showed evidence of SC atrophy and slight trends of T1 decrease with age in all regions.Overall, this study shows that fast, robust and accurate sub‐millimetric resolution T1 mapping in the cervical SC using the MP2RAGE sequence is possible, paving the way for future multi‐centric and longitudinal clinical studies investigating the pathological cord.
Published: 2019

23. Measurement of magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) from cervical spinal cord: Multicenter reproducibility and variability

Author: Benoît Combès, Jean-Christophe Ferré, Laureline Monteau, Christian Barillot, Adil Maarouf, Elise Bannier, Virginie Callot, Jean Pelletier, Gilles Edan, Nicolas Collongues, Xavier Ayrignac, Anne Kerbrat, Pierre Labauge, Jérôme De Seze, Clarisse Carra Dallière, Vision, Action et Gestion d'informations en Santé (VisAGeS), SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de Radiologie [CHU de Rennes], Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Maison Blanche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Laboratoire de Neuroimagerie in Vivo (LNV), CHU Strasbourg-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Hospital Program of Clinical Research (PHRC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Université de Rennes (UR), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Edan, Gilles, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), AP-HM, Pôle d'imagerie médicale, Hôpital de la Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France, CHU Montpellier, Département de Neurologie, AP-HM, CHU Timone, Pole de Neurosciences Cliniques, Department of Neurology, Marseille, France., Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Strasbourg University Hospital, France, CIC Strasbourg INSERM 1434, Strasbourg, France, Département de Neurologie [CHU Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], and Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Cord, Coefficient of variation, Population, MTR, multicenter, quantitative MRI, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, 0302 clinical medicine, Reference Values, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Longitudinal Studies, Prospective Studies, Magnetization transfer, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Gray Matter, education, reproducibility, Reproducibility, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, spinal cord, Spinal cord, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, White Matter, Healthy Volunteers, Confidence interval, 3. Good health, Pooled variance, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cervical Vertebrae, Female, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], business, Nuclear medicine, Algorithms
Abstract: International audience; Background - Assessing the multicenter variability of magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) measurements in the spinal cord of healthy controls is the first step toward investigating its clinical use as a biomarker. Purpose - To analyze the between-session, between-participant, and between-scanner variability of MTR measurements in automatically extracted regions of interest in the cervical cord of healthy controls. Study type - Control study. Population - Forty-four participants, distributed across five MRI scanners (all from the same manufacturer). Ten participants were scanned twice in the same scanner, and 10 others were scanned twice in two different scanners. Field strength/sequence - 3D-gradient echo images, centered on C5, without and with magnetization transfer prepulse at 3T. Assessment - We calculated the mean MTR for different vertebral levels in the whole cord (WC), as well as in the white matter and gray matter, and determined the between-session, between-participant, and between-scanner variabilities. Statistical tests - Coefficients of variation and intraclass correlations (ICCs) for the different variabilities and their associated confidence intervals. Results - The MTR measurements for Levels C4-C6 (near the slab center) exhibited a mean value in WC of 34.6 pu and a pooled standard deviation of 0.9 pu. The between-session coefficient of variation was estimated as 2.3% (ICC = 0.63), the between-participant coefficient as 1.6% (ICC = 0.32), and the between-scanner coefficient as 0.7% (ICC = 0.05). The resulting aggregate coefficient of variation was 2.9%, which was sufficiently low to detect an MTR reduction of 1 pu between groups of about 45 participants (Type-I error rate: 0.05; Type-II error rate: 0.10). Data conclusion - The good between-scanner reproducibility and low overall variability in cervical spinal cord MTR measurements in a control population might pave the way for multicenter analyses in various neurological diseases with moderate cohort sizes. Level of evidence - 2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:1777-1785.
Published: 2019

24. Immunization and multiple sclerosis: Recommendations from the French Multiple Sclerosis Society

Author: C. Lebrun, S. Vukusic, V. Abadie, C. Achour, F. Ader, H. Alchaar, A. Alkhedr, F. Andreux, G. Androdias, R. Arjmand, B. Audoin, D. Audry, D. Aufauvre, C. Autreaux, X. Ayrignac, M. Bailbe, M. Benazet, C. Bensa, D. Bensmail, E. Berger, P. Bernady, Y. Bertagna, D. Biotti, A. Blanchard-Dauphin, J. Bonenfant, M. Bonnan, B. Bonnemain, F. Borgel, E. Botelho-Nevers, S. Boucly, B. Bourre, C. Boutière, P. Branger, D. Brassat, S. Bresch, V. Breuil, B. Brochet, H. Brugeilles, P. Bugnon, P. Cabre, J.-P. Camdessanché, C. Carra-Dalière, O. Casez, J.-M. Chamouard, B. Chassande, P. Chataignier, M. Chbicheb, A. Chenet, J. Ciron, P. Clavelou, M. Cohen, R. Colamarino, N. Collongues, I. Coman, P.-R. Corail, S. Courtois, M. Coustans, A. Creange, E. Creisson, N. Daluzeau, C. Davenas, J. De Seze, M. Debouverie, R. Depaz, N. Derache, L. Divio, X. Douay, C. Dulau, F. Durand-Dubief, G. Edan, Z. Elias, O. Fagniez, M. Faucher, J.-M. Faucheux, M. Fournier, A. Gagneux-Brunon, P. Gaida, P. Galli, P. Gallien, J. Gaudelus, D. Gault, A. Gayou, M. Genevray, A. Gentil, J. Gere, L. Gignoux, M. Giroux, P. Givron, O. Gout, J. Grimaud, A.-M. Guennoc, N. Hadhoum, P. Hautecoeur, O. Heinzlef, M. Jaeger, S. Jeannin, L. Kremer, A. Kwiatkowski, P. Labauge, C. Labeyrie, S. Lachaud, I. Laffont, C. Lanctin-Garcia, J. Lannoy, L. Lanotte, D. Laplaud, D. Latombe, M. Lauxerois, E. Le Page, C. Lebrun-Frenay, P. Lejeune, P. Lejoyeux, B. Lemonnier, E. Leray, C.-M. Loche, C. Louapre, C. Lubetzki, A. Maarouf, B. Mada, L. Magy, E. Maillart, E. Manchon, R. Marignier, P. Marque, G. Mathey, A. Maurousset, C. Mekies, M. Merienne, L. Michel, A.-M. Milor, X. Moisset, A. Montcuquet, T. Moreau, N. Morel, M. Moussa, J.-P. Naudillon, M. Normand, P. Olive, J.-C. Ouallet, O. Outteryck, C. Pacault, C. Papeix, I. Patry, D. Peaureaux, J. Pelletier, B. Pichon, S. Pittion, E. Planque, M.-C. Pouget, V. Pourcher, C. Radot, I. Robert, F. Rocher, A. Ruet, C. Saint-Val, J.-Y. Salle, A. Salmon, E. Sartori, S. Schaeffer, B. Stankhof, F. Taithe, E. Thouvenot, C. Tizon, A. Tourbah, P. Tourniaire, M. Vaillant, P. Vermersch, S. Vidil, A. Wahab, M.-H. Warter, S. Wiertlewski, B. Wiplosz, B. Wittwer, C. Zaenker, H. Zephir, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hosp Civils Lyon, Serv Malad Infect, Lyon, France, Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], CHU Saint-Etienne, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Comité de Développement Horticole du Centre Val de Loire (CDHRC), Génétique, physiopathologie et ingénierie du tissu osseux (GéPITOS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Service d'Etudes du Comportement des Matériaux de Conditionnement (SECM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Neurologie [Rennes] = Neurology [Rennes], Excitabilité nerveuse et thérapeutique (ENT), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-EA 4391, Service de Physiologie Explorations Fonctionnelles-Hôpital Henri Mondor, Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation (APEMAC), Université de Lorraine (UL), RMN et optique : De la mesure au biomarqueur, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories - Corporation, Service de Pédiatrie [Jean Verdier], Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Jean Verdier [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Kuriwa Observatory, Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild [Paris], Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Euromov (EuroMov), Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (U1064 Inserm - CRTI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis - Faculté de Médecine (UNS UFR Médecine), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Recherche en Pharmaco-épidémiologie et Recours aux Soins (REPERES), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Département Méthodes quantitatives en santé publique (METIS), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie des Interactions Neurones / Glie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de Neurologie [CHU Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Laboratoire d'automatique et de génie des procédés (LAGEP), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Haras National Suisse, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Center for health studies, Service de neurologie [Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Hôpital Guillaume-et-René-Laennec [Saint-Herblain], Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Hôpital Henri Mondor-EA 4391, Service de Physiologie Explorations Fonctionnelles-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon (CPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Comité de développement horticole de la région Centre-Val-de-Loire (CDHR CENTRE-VAL-DE-LOIRE), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Hôpital Jean Verdier [AP-HP], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Service de Neurologie [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN) - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Ecole Centrale de Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA), Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Département de Neurologie [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université, Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Neurologie, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon), Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Vaccination schedule, MEDLINE, Scientific literature, Multiple sclerosis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Recurrence, Risk Factors, Health care, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Immunization Schedule, Societies, Medical, Vaccines, business.industry, Risk of infection, Prevention, Vaccination, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Neurology, Immunization, Family medicine, Evidence-Based Practice, Practice Guidelines as Topic, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Neurology (clinical), France, business, Infection, Vaccine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Objectives To establish recommendations on immunization for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Background Vaccines have been suspected in the past to trigger MS and relapses. With the extension of the immunoactive treatment arsenal, other concerns have been raised more recently about an increased risk of infection or a decreased effectiveness of immunization in immunosuppressed patients. Methods The French Group for Recommendations into Multiple Sclerosis (France4MS) performed a systematic search of papers in Medline and other university databases (January 1975–June 2018). The RAND/UCLA appropriateness method was chosen to review the scientific literature and to formalize the degree of agreement among experts on 5 clinical questions related to immunization and MS. Readers from the steering committee conducted a systematic analysis, wrote a critical synthesis and prepared a list of proposals that were evaluated by a rating group of 28 MS experts. The final version of the recommendations was finally reviewed by a reading group of 110 health care professionals and classified as appropriate, inappropriate or uncertain. Results Neurologists should verify the vaccination status as soon as MS is diagnosed and before disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) are introduced. The French vaccination schedule applies to MS patients and seasonal influenza vaccination is recommended. In the case of treatment-induced immunosuppression, MS patients should be informed about the risk of infection and the vaccination standards of the French High Council of Health should be applied. Live attenuated vaccines are contra-indicated in patients recently treated with immunosuppressive drugs, including corticosteroids; other vaccines can be proposed whatever the treatment, but their effectiveness may be partly reduced with some drugs. Conclusion Physicians and patients should be aware of the updated recommendations for immunizations of patients with MS.
Published: 2019

25. Malformations of cortical development: The role of 7-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis

Author: Jean-Philippe Ranjeva, Fabrice Bartolomei, Maxime Guye, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de neurophysiologie clinique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and CCSD, Accord Elsevier
Subjects: Computer science, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, High resolution, White matter, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, medicine, Humans, 7 tesla mri, 030212 general & internal medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, medicine.diagnostic_test, Functional Neuroimaging, Brain, Magnetic resonance imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Computational anatomy, 3. Good health, Malformations of Cortical Development, Clinical Practice, [SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Rapid acquisition, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Neurology (clinical), Lower field, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Comparison studies between 7T and 1.5 or 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have demonstrated the added value of ultra-high field (UHF) MRI to better identify, delineate and characterize malformations of cortical development (MCD), and to disambiguate doubtful findings observed at lower field strengths. High resolution structural sequences such as magnetization prepared two rapid acquisition gradient echoes (MP2RAGE), fluid and white matter suppression MP2RAGE (FLAWS), and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) appear to be key to the improvement of MCD diagnosis in clinical practice. 7T MRI offers not only images of high resolution and contrast but also provides many quantitative approaches capable of acting as more efficient probes of microstructure and ameliorating the categorization of MCDs. Post-processing of multiparametric ultra-high resolution and quantitative data may also be used to improve automated detection of MCD via machine learning. Therefore, 7T MRI can be considered as a useful tool in the presurgical evaluation of drug-resistant partial epilepsies, particularly, but not exclusively, in cases of normal appearing conventional MRI. It also opens many perspectives in the fields of in vivo histology and computational anatomy.
Published: 2019

26. Spinal cord involvement in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

Author: Eoin P. Flanagan, Benjamin Greenberg, Olga Ciccarelli, Olaf Stüve, Jean-Philippe Ranjeva, Maria Pia Sormani, Regina Schlaerger, Myla D. Goldman, Jeffrey A. Cohen, Emmanuelle Waubant, Franz Fazekas, Ellen M. Mowry, Daniel S. Reich, Frederik Barkhof, Hans Lassmann, Anthony Traboulsee, Sandra Vukusic, Mar Tintoré, Bernard M. J. Uitdehaag, Anke Henning, Daniel Pelletier, Alan J. Thompson, Junqian Xu, Jorge Correale, Burkhard Becher, Stephen Reingold, Nicola De Stefano, Bruce F. Bebo, Izlem Izbudak, Claudia Chien, Stephen C. Reingold, Steven Galetta, Claudia Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott, Sebastien Ourselin, Alex Rovira, Mark S. Freedman, Brenda Banwell, Aaron E. Miller, Xavier Montalban, Cornelia Laule, Claudia F. Lucchinetti, Giancarlo Comi, Peter A. Calabresi, Hans-Peter Hartung, Maria Trojano, Ludwig Kappos, Bernhard Hemmer, Bruce D. Trapp, Brian G. Weinshenker, Kazuo Fujihara, Tanuja Chitnis, Jérôme De Seze, Francois Bethoux, Per Soelberg Sørensen, Fred D. Lublin, Alexander U. Brandt, Carsten Lukas, Wallace J Brownlee, Maria Pia Amato, Jeremy Chatway, David Miller, Friedemann Paul, Maria A. Rocca, Ruth Ann Marrie, Michael J. Levy, University of Pennsylvania, VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], University College of London [London] (UCL), Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Departamento de Neurologia, Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas 'Dr. Raul Carrea', Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas 'Dr. Raul Carrea', Service de Neurologie [Strasbourg], CHU Strasbourg-Hopital Civil, Dept. of Neurological and Behavioural Sciences, Siena, Department of Neurology [Austria], Medical University Graz, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute [Ottawa] (OHRI), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNery), Clinical Neuroimmunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Translational imaging group [London] (TIG), Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), University College of London [London] (UCL)-University College of London [London] (UCL)-Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering (UCL), Max Delbrueck Centre for Molecular Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology [Yale], Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona], Dept. of Neurology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (CemCat), Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC), Service de Neurologie [Lyon], CHU Lyon, Department of Neurology, University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), NMR Research Unit [London], Institute of Neurology [London], University College of London [London] (UCL)-University College of London [London] (UCL), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC (UMR_7057)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Yale University School of Medicine, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), and University of California-University of California
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Multiple Sclerosis, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Spinal cord involvement, 03 medical and health sciences, Myelopathy, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Pathological, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, Neuromyelitis Optica, Clinical course, medicine.disease, Spinal cord, 3. Good health, Clinical trial, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Spinal Cord, Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Spinal cord involvement is an important cause of disability in patients with multiple sclerosis or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs). Multiple sclerosis and NMOSDs can be distinguished from other disorders that cause myelopathy by results from laboratory and radiological investigations. However, limitations in the sensitivity and specificity of spinal cord imaging and poor correlation with disability megasures have impeded the understanding of the relationship between spinal cord involvement and clinical manifestations. Nevertheless, studies of the pathological features of multiple sclerosis and NMOSDs have shown that quantitatively different mechanisms lead to differences in clinical course and pattern of accrual of permanent disability in the two disorders. Better understanding of these mechanisms is necessary to develop more informative clinical measures, electrophysiological methods, fluid biomarkers, and imaging techniques to detect and monitor spinal cord involvement in the diagnosis and management of patients with multiple sclerosis or NMOSDs, and as outcome measures in clinical trials.
Published: 2019

27. Clinical Integration of Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping Magnetic Resonance Imaging into Neurosurgical Practice

Author: Weiwei Chen, Yi Wang, Ajay Gupta, Alexey Dimov, Pascal Spincemaille, Brian H. Kopell, S. Kathleen Bandt, Ludovic de Rochefort, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cornell University [New York], Department of Neurosurgery, Clement J. Zablocki VA Medical Center-Medical College of Wisconsin, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Context (language use), Neurosurgical Procedures, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Deep brain stimulation electrode, medicine, Humans, Medical physics, Child, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Neuroradiology, Aged, Artifact (error), Brain Diseases, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Brain, Magnetic resonance imaging, Quantitative susceptibility mapping, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Surgery, Computer-Assisted, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Susceptibility weighted imaging, Surgery, Acquisition time, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Objective To introduce quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), a novel magnetic resonance imaging sequence, to the field of neurosurgery. Methods QSM is introduced both in its historical context and by providing a brief overview of the physics behind the technique tailored to a neurosurgical audience. Its application to clinical neurosurgery is then highlighted using case examples. Results QSM offers a quantitative assessment of susceptibility (previously considered as an artifact) via a single, straightforward gradient echo acquisition. QSM differs from standard susceptibility weighted imaging in its ability to both quantify and precisely localize susceptibility effects. Clinical applications of QSM are wide reaching and include precise localization of the deep nuclei for deep brain stimulation electrode placement, differentiation between blood products and calcification within brain lesions, and enhanced sensitivity of cerebral micrometastasis identification. Conclusions We present this diverse range of QSM’s clinical applications to neurosurgical care via case examples. QSM can be obtained in all patients able to undergo magnetic resonance imaging and is easily integratable into busy neuroradiology programs because of its short acquisition time and straightforward, automated offline postprocessing workflow. Clinical integration of QSM may help clinicians better identify and characterize neurosurgical lesions, thereby improving patient care.
Published: 2019

28. Automatic segmentation of the spinal cord and intramedullary multiple sclerosis lesions with convolutional neural networks

Author: Vincent Auclair, Ferran Prados, Jean-Christophe Brisset, Josefina Maranzano, Sridar Narayanan, Kouhei Kamiya, Constantina A. Treaba, Atef Badji, Hugh Kearney, Jean Pelletier, Pierre Labauge, Elise Bannier, Paola Valsasina, Erik Charlson, Daniel S. Reich, Olga Ciccarelli, Dominique Eden, Ren Zhuoquiong, Henitsoa Rasoanandrianina, Virginie Callot, Gilles Edan, Seth A. Smith, Marios C. Yiannakas, Jennifer Lefeuvre, Govind Nair, Allan R. Martin, Julien Cohen-Adad, Timothy M. Shepherd, Jason F. Talbott, Donald G. McLaren, Charley Gros, Masaaki Hori, Shahabeddin Vahdat, Julien Doyon, Yasuhiko Tachibana, Leszek Stawiarz, Shahamat Tauhid, Jan Hillert, Massimo Filippi, Lydia Chougar, Anne Kerbrat, Russell Ouellette, Caterina Mainero, Sara M. Dupont, Tobias Granberg, Bertrand Audoin, Ali Khatibi, Rohit Bakshi, Maria A. Rocca, Michael G. Fehlings, Benjamin De Leener, Yaou Liu, École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging [San Francisco], University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Xuanwu Hospital of Capital, Deutsche Telekom Group, Department of Computer Science [Liverpool], University of Liverpool, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), Juntendo University Hospital [Tokyo], Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Vision, Action et Gestion d'informations en Santé (VisAGeS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de neurologie [Montpellier], Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [CHU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Français de la Sclérose En Plaques [Lyon] (OFSEP), Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Brigham and Women's Hospital [Boston], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), NMR Research Unit [London], Institute of Neurology [London], University College of London [London] (UCL)-University College of London [London] (UCL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Vanderbilt University [Nashville], Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Biospective [Montréal], University of Toronto, Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle [Montréal] (UNF-CRIUGM), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Stanford University, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], New York University Langone Medical Center (NYU Langone Medical Center), NYU System (NYU), CIHR FDN-143263, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, International Society of Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, Svenska Sällskapet för Medicinsk Forskning, IVADO, EDMUS Foundation, TransMedTech, R01 EY023240 (SAS), NIH/NEI, RG-1501-02840 (SAS), National Multiple Sclerosis Society, Intramural Research Program, Hospital Programme of Clinical Research (PHRC), NCT02117375, EMISEP project, Fondation A*midex-Investissements d'Avenir, 435897-2013, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en plaques (OFSEP), 13034, MOP, Canada Research Chairs, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), 2015-PR-182754, Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Nature et Technologies, W81XWH-13-0073 (SAS), U.S. Department of Defense, ANR-10-COHO-002, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, R21 NS087465-01 (SAS), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Fondation Aix-Marseille Universite, SensoriMotor Rehabilitation Research Team (SMRRT), Wings for Life, 20150166, Stockholms Läns Landsting, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 28826, Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé, 32454, Canada Foundation for Innovation, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California-University of California, SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [Montpellier]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston]-Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Gros, Charley, De Leener, Benjamin, Badji, Atef, Maranzano, Josefina, Eden, Dominique, Dupont, Sara M., Talbott, Jason, Zhuoquiong, Ren, Liu, Yaou, Granberg, Tobia, Ouellette, Russell, Tachibana, Yasuhiko, Hori, Masaaki, Kamiya, Kouhei, Chougar, Lydia, Stawiarz, Leszek, Hillert, Jan, Bannier, Elise, Kerbrat, Anne, Edan, Gille, Labauge, Pierre, Callot, Virginie, Pelletier, Jean, Audoin, Bertrand, Rasoanandrianina, Henitsoa, Brisset, Jean-Christophe, Valsasina, Paola, Rocca, Maria A., Filippi, Massimo, Bakshi, Rohit, Tauhid, Shahamat, Prados, Ferran, Yiannakas, Mario, Kearney, Hugh, Ciccarelli, Olga, Smith, Seth, Treaba, Constantina Andrada, Mainero, Caterina, Lefeuvre, Jennifer, Reich, Daniel S., Nair, Govind, Auclair, Vincent, Mclaren, Donald G., Martin, Allan R., Fehlings, Michael G., Vahdat, Shahabeddin, Khatibi, Ali, Doyon, Julien, Shepherd, Timothy, Charlson, Erik, Narayanan, Sridar, and Cohen-Adad, Julien
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Image Processing, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV), Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Neurodegenerative, computer.software_genre, Convolutional neural network, Medical and Health Sciences, Pattern Recognition, Automated, 0302 clinical medicine, Computer-Assisted, Segmentation, Voxel, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Medicine, Spinal Cord Injury, Observer Variation, Spinal cord, medicine.diagnostic_test, 05 social sciences, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Neurological, Biomedical Imaging, Convolutional neural networks, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Radiology, medicine.symptom, MRI, Automated, medicine.medical_specialty, Cord, Multiple Sclerosis, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Neural Networks, Cognitive Neuroscience, Bioengineering, Pattern Recognition, Sensitivity and Specificity, Autoimmune Disease, 050105 experimental psychology, Article, Lesion, Multiple sclerosis, 03 medical and health sciences, Computer, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Multiple sclerosi, Traumatic Head and Spine Injury, Neurology & Neurosurgery, business.industry, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Neurosciences, Reproducibility of Results, Magnetic resonance imaging, medicine.disease, Brain Disorders, Neural Networks, Computer, business, computer, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: The spinal cord is frequently affected by atrophy and/or lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Segmentation of the spinal cord and lesions from MRI data provides measures of damage, which are key criteria for the diagnosis, prognosis, and longitudinal monitoring in MS. Automating this operation eliminates inter-rater variability and increases the efficiency of large-throughput analysis pipelines. Robust and reliable segmentation across multi-site spinal cord data is challenging because of the large variability related to acquisition parameters and image artifacts. The goal of this study was to develop a fully-automatic framework, robust to variability in both image parameters and clinical condition, for segmentation of the spinal cord and intramedullary MS lesions from conventional MRI data. Scans of 1,042 subjects (459 healthy controls, 471 MS patients, and 112 with other spinal pathologies) were included in this multi-site study (n=30). Data spanned three contrasts (T1-, T2-, and T2*-weighted) for a total of 1,943 volumes. The proposed cord and lesion automatic segmentation approach is based on a sequence of two Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). To deal with the very small proportion of spinal cord and/or lesion voxels compared to the rest of the volume, a first CNN with 2D dilated convolutions detects the spinal cord centerline, followed by a second CNN with 3D convolutions that segments the spinal cord and/or lesions. When compared against manual segmentation, our CNN-based approach showed a median Dice of 95% vs. 88% for PropSeg, a state-of-the-art spinal cord segmentation method. Regarding lesion segmentation on MS data, our framework provided a Dice of 60%, a relative volume difference of -15%, and a lesion-wise detection sensitivity and precision of 83% and 77%, respectively. The proposed framework is open-source and readily available in the Spinal Cord Toolbox., Comment: 38 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Published: 2019

29. Simultaneous multi‐slice cardiac cine with Fourier‐encoded self‐calibration at 7 Tesla

Author: Maxime Guye, Alexis Jacquier, Frank Kober, Thomas Troalen, Stanislas Rapacchi, Monique Bernard, Morgane Quemeneur, Zakarya Bentatou, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Siemens Healthcare [France], Siemens AG [Munich], Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Radiologie [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale : DBS20140930772, ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), ANR-14-CE17-0016,COFLORES,Imagerie de la Réserve Coronaire sans Traceurs(2014), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Time Factors, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Fourier encoding, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine, Iterative reconstruction, Signal-To-Noise Ratio, Simultaneous Multi-Slice (SMS), 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Motion, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, 0302 clinical medicine, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Contrast-to-noise ratio, Flip angle, Cardiac function MRI (cine), Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Calibration, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Physics, Fourier Analysis, Echo-Planar Imaging, Respiration, Specific absorption rate, Heart, Multi slice, ultra-high field MRI, Image Enhancement, Healthy Volunteers, Fourier transform, 7 Tesla cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), symbols, cardiovascular system, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], Female, Artifacts, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cardiac phase
Abstract: International audience; PurposeTo accelerate cardiac cine at 7 tesla using simultaneous multi‐slice (SMS) acquisition with self‐calibration to resolve misalignment between calibration and imaging data due to breathing motion.MethodsA spoiled‐gradient echo cine sequence was modified with radiofrequency phase‐cycled SMS excitations. A Fourier encoding strategy was applied along the cardiac phase dimension to allow for slice untangling and split‐slice GRAPPA calibration. Split‐slice GRAPPA was coupled with regular GRAPPA (SMS‐GRAPPA) and L1‐SPIRiT (SMS‐L1SPIRiT) for image reconstruction. 3‐slice SMS cine MRI was evaluated in ten subjects against single‐slice cine MRI in terms of SNR and contrast‐to‐noise ratio and slice leakage.ResultsSNR decreased significantly from 10.1 ± 7.1 for single‐slice cine to 7.4 ± 2.8 for SMS‐GRAPPA (P = 0.02) and was recovered to 9.0 ± 4.5 with SMS‐L1SPIRiT (P = 0.02). Contrast to noise ratio decreased significantly from 14.5 ± 8.1 for single‐slice cine to 5.6 ± 3.6 for SMS‐GRAPPA (P < 0.0001) and increased slightly but significantly back to 6.7 ± 4.4 for SMS‐L1SPIRiT (P = 0.03). Specific absorption rate restrictions imposed a reduced nominal flip angle (−37 ± 7%, P = 0.02) for 3‐slice SMS excitations compared to single‐slice acquisitions. SMS slice leakage increased significantly from apex (8.6 ± 6.5 %) to base (13.1 ± 4.1 %, P = 0.03) in the left ventricle.ConclusionThree‐fold acceleration of cine at 7T was achieved using the proposed SMS technique. Fourier encoding self‐calibration and regularized image reconstruction enabled simultaneous acquisition of three slices without significant SNR decrease but significant CNR decrease linked to the reduced nominal excitation flip angle.
Published: 2018

30. Low duty-cycle pulsed irradiation reduces magnetization transfer and increases the inhomogeneous magnetization transfer effect

Author: Samira Mchinda, Guillaume Duhamel, Valentin H. Prevost, Gopal Varma, Aaron K. Grant, Olivier M. Girard, David C. Alsop, Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ARSEP 2017 and IRME 2016A⁄MIDEX ANR (ANR11-IDEX-0001-02), ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Materials science, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, RF power amplifier, Biophysics, Condensed Matter Physics, Biochemistry, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, Magnetization, Dipole, 0302 clinical medicine, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Duty cycle, Dielectric heating, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Irradiation, Magnetization transfer, Saturation (magnetic), 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Intense off-resonant RF irradiation can lead to saturation of the macromolecular pool magnetization and enhance bound pool dipolar order responsible for the inhomogeneous magnetization transfer (ihMT) effect, but the intensity of RF power in human imaging studies is limited by safety constraints on RF heat- ing. High RF intensities can still be achieved if applied in short pulses with low duty-cycle. Here we inves- tigate the benefits of low duty-cycle irradiation for MT and ihMT studies with both theoretical and experimental methods.Solutions for pulsed irradiation of a two-pool model including dipolar order effects were implemented. Experiments were conducted at 3 T in the brain and through the calf of healthy human subjects. 2D echo planar images were acquired following a preparation of RF irradiation with a 2 s train of 5 ms pulses repeated from between 10 to 100 ms for duty-cycles (DCs) of 50% to 5%, and at varying offset frequencies, and time averaged RF powers. MT and ihMT data were measured in regions of interest within gray mat- ter, white matter and muscle, and fit to the model.RF irradiation effects on signal intensity were reduced at 5% relative to 50% DCs. This reduced RF effect was much larger for single than dual frequency irradiation. 5% DC irradiation reduced single and dual fre- quency MT ratios but increased ihMT ratios up to 3 fold in brain tissues. Muscle ihMT increased by an even larger factor, depending on the frequency and applied power. The model predicted these changes with duty-cycle. The model fit the data well and constrained model parameters.Low duty-cycle pulsed irradiation reduces MT effects and markedly increases dipolar order effects. This approach is an attractive method to enhance ihMT signal-to-noise ratio and demonstrates a measurable ihMT effect in muscle tissue at 3 T under acceptable specific absorption rates. The effects of duty-cycle changes demonstrated in a separate MT/ihMT preparation provide a route for new applications in magnetization-prepared MRI sequences.
Published: 2018

31. Intramuscular variability and sex difference in diffusion properties and 3D architecture of human lower leg muscles assessed with ultra-high-field diffusion tensor imaging and tractography

Author: Fouré, Alexandre, Ogier, Augustin C., Le Troter, Arnaud, Vilmen, Christophe, Feiweier, Thorsten, Guye, Maxime, Gondin, Julien, Besson, Pierre, Bendahan, David, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Siemens AG Healthcare Sector, Erlangen, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Ogier, Augustin C.
Subjects: [SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

32. How much progress has there been in the second-line treatment of multiple sclerosis: A 2017 update

Author: Adil Maarouf, Jean Pelletier, Bertrand Audoin, Audrey Rico, Clemence Boutiere, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Multiple Sclerosis, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, media_common.quotation_subject, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Drug Administration Schedule, Food and drug administration, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Active disease, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Intensive care medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Accreditation, Second-line therapy, Second line treatment, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, Effective management, medicine.disease, United States, 3. Good health, Treatment Outcome, Neurology, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Immunosuppressive Agents
Abstract: In 1993, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first drug specifically for treating multiple sclerosis (MS). More than two decades later, a dozen such treatments are now available. Of these, four are considered second-line treatments for use in escalation strategies and two new drugs are currently undergoing accreditation procedures. Soon, they will provide clinicians with a range of six effective disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) to thwart the inflammatory processes in MS patients with active disease. However, while such a large number of DMTs for MS can help to control early inflammation, any decisions to be made by clinicians have also been made substantially more complex. This complexity is increased by the lack of head-to-head studies comparing these second-line therapies and the benefit-risk profiles for each of these drugs, which are likely to vary among patients. Ultimately, good awareness of the benefits and, more important, the risks of each MS DMT is crucial for the effective management of inflammation in MS.
Published: 2018

33. Automatic spinal cord localization, robust to MRI contrasts using global curve optimization

Author: Sara M. Dupont, Michaël Sdika, Vincent Auclair, Virginie Callot, Benjamin De Leener, Charley Gros, Subhash Tummala, Julien Cohen-Adad, Allan R. Martin, Rohit Bakshi, Michael G. Fehlings, Donald G. McLaren, École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Brigham and Women's Hospital [Boston], Biospective [Montréal], Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston]-Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Service Informatique et développements, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Images et Modèles, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mean squared error, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Computer science, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Health Informatics, Image processing, Sensitivity and Specificity, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Hough transform, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Segmentation, law, Machine learning, medicine, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Balance (ability), Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, Pattern recognition, Spinal cord, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Detection, medicine.anatomical_structure, Spinal Cord, Feature (computer vision), Global optimization, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Artificial intelligence, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Algorithms, MRI
Abstract: International audience; During the last two decades, MRI has been increasingly used for providing valuable quantitative information about spinal cord morphometry, such as quantification of the spinal cord atrophy in various diseases. However, despite the significant improvement of MR sequences adapted to the spinal cord, automatic image processing tools for spinal cord MRI data are not yet as developed as for the brain. There is nonetheless great interest in fully automatic and fast processing methods to be able to propose quantitative analysis pipelines on large datasets without user bias. The first step of most of these analysis pipelines is to detect the spinal cord, which is challenging to achieve automatically across the broad range of MRI contrasts, field of view, resolutions and pathologies. In this paper, a fully automated, robust and fast method for detecting the spinal cord centerline on MRI volumes is introduced.The algorithm uses a global optimization scheme that attempts to strike a balance between a probabilistic localization map of the spinal cord center point and the overall spatial consistency of the spinal cord centerline (i.e. the rostro-caudal continuity of the spinal cord). Additionally, a new post-processing feature, which aims to automatically split brain and spine regions is introduced, to be able to detect a consistent spinal cord centerline, independently from the field of view. We present data on the validation of the proposed algorithm, known as “OptiC”, from a large dataset involving 20 centers, 4 contrasts (T2-weighted n = 287, T1-weighted n = 120, T2∗-weighted n = 307, diffusion-weighted n = 90), 501 subjects including 173 patients with a variety of neurologic diseases. Validation involved the gold-standard centerline coverage, the mean square error between the true and predicted centerlines and the ability to accurately separate brain and spine regions.Overall, OptiC was able to cover 98.77% of the gold-standard centerline, with a mean square error of 1.02 mm. OptiC achieved superior results compared to a state-of-the-art spinal cord localization technique based on the Hough transform, especially on pathological cases with an averaged mean square error of 1.08 mm vs. 13.16 mm (Wilcoxon signed-rank test p-value
Published: 2018

34. Diffusion Properties and 3D Architecture of Human Lower Leg Muscles Assessed with Ultra-High-Field-Strength Diffusion-Tensor MR Imaging and Tractography: Reproducibility and Sensitivity to Sex Difference and Intramuscular Variability

Author: Christophe Vilmen, Maxime Guye, Arnaud Le Troter, Julien Gondin, Pierre Besson, Thorsten Feiweier, David Bendahan, Augustin C. Ogier, Alexandre Fouré, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Siemens AG Healthcare Sector, Erlangen, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)
Subjects: Male, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Quantitative Biology::Tissues and Organs, Sensitivity and Specificity, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Leg muscle, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Predictive Value of Tests, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Sensitivity (control systems), Diffusion (business), Muscle, Skeletal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Reproducibility, Sex Characteristics, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, Magnetic resonance imaging, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Mr imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Healthy Volunteers, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Lower Extremity, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biomedical engineering, Diffusion MRI, Tractography
Abstract: Purpose To demonstrate the reproducibility of the diffusion properties and three-dimensional structural organization measurements of the lower leg muscles by using diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) assessed with ultra-high-field-strength (7.0-T) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and tractography of skeletal muscle fibers. On the basis of robust statistical mapping analyses, this study also aimed at determining the sensitivity of the measurements to sex difference and intramuscular variability. Materials and Methods All examinations were performed with ethical review board approval; written informed consent was obtained from all volunteers. Reproducibility of diffusion tensor indexes assessment including eigenvalues, mean diffusivity, and fractional anisotropy (FA) as well as muscle volume and architecture (ie, fiber length and pennation angle) were characterized in lower leg muscles (n = 8). Intramuscular variability and sex differences were characterized in young healthy men and women (n = 10 in each group). Student t test, statistical parametric mapping, correlation coefficients (Spearman rho and Pearson product-moment) and coefficient of variation (CV) were used for statistical data analysis. Results High reproducibility of measurements (mean CV ± standard deviation, 4.6% ± 3.8) was determined in diffusion properties and architectural parameters. Significant sex differences were detected in FA (4.2% in women for the entire lower leg; P = .001) and muscle volume (21.7% in men for the entire lower leg; P = .008), whereas architecture parameters were almost identical across sex. Additional differences were found independently of sex in diffusion properties and architecture along several muscles of the lower leg. Conclusion The high-spatial-resolution DTI assessed with 7.0-T MR imaging allows a reproducible assessment of structural organization of superficial and deep muscles, giving indirect information on muscle function.
Published: 2018

35. High-speed video analysis improves the accuracy of spinal cord compression measurement in a mouse contusion model

Author: Éric Wagnac, Virginie Callot, Marion Fournely, Yvan Petit, Jérôme Laurin, Pierre-Jean Arnoux, Laboratoire de Biomécanique Appliquée (LBA UMR T24), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Hopital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Ecole de Technologie Supérieure [Montréal] (ETS), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Cord, Time Factors, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Video Recording, Spinal cord injury, Mouse model, 03 medical and health sciences, High-speed video analysis, 0302 clinical medicine, Spinal cord compression, crmbm, medicine, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Animals, Contusion device, snc, Axis, Cervical Vertebra, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Cervical Cord, Reproducibility of Results, [SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Spinal cord, medicine.disease, Compression (physics), Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, High speed video, medicine.anatomical_structure, Spinal Cord, Anesthesia, Compression ratio, Infinite horizon, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], business, Spinal Cord Compression, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: Background Animal models of spinal cord injuries aim to utilize controlled and reproducible conditions. However, a literature review reveals that mouse contusion studies using equivalent protocols may show large disparities in the observed impact force vs. cord compression relationship. The overall purpose of this study was to investigate possible sources of bias in these measurements. The specific objective was to improve spinal cord compression measurements using a video-based setup to detect the impactor-spinal cord time-to-contact. New method A force-controlled 30 kDyn unilateral contusion at C4 vertebral level was performed in six mice with the Infinite Horizon impactor (IH). High-speed video was used to determine the time-to-contact between the impactor tip and the spinal cord and to compute the related displacement of the tip into the tissue: the spinal cord compression and the compression ratio. Results & comparison with existing method(s) Delayed time-to-contact detection with the IH device led to an underestimation of the cord compression. Compression values indicated by the IH were 64% lower than those based on video analysis (0.33 mm vs. 0.88 mm). Consequently, the mean compression ratio derived from the device was underestimated when compared to the value derived from video analysis (22% vs. 61%). Conclusions Default time-to-contact detection from the IH led to significant errors in spinal cord compression assessment. Accordingly, this may explain some of the reported data discrepancies in the literature. The proposed setup could be implemented by users of contusion devices to improve the quantative description of the primary injury inflicted to the spinal cord.
Published: 2018

36. An MRI evaluation of grey matter damage in African Americans with MS

Author: Roxana Vancea, Jean-Philippe Ranjeva, Monika M. Heinig, Lazar Fleysher, Jonathan Howard, Niels Oesingmann, Wafaa Zaaraoui, Sirio Cocozza, Maria Petracca, Matilde Inglese, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Image Processing, Gastroenterology, African Americans, Grey matter, Multiple Sclerosis, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Disability Evaluation, Female, Gray Matter, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Oxygen, Statistics, Nonparametric, White Matter, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Computer-Assisted, Brain mri, 10. No inequality, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, grey matter, multiple sclerosis, Statistics, General Medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Cerebellar atrophy, Volume loss, medicine.medical_specialty, Article, Disease course, 03 medical and health sciences, Disease severity, Internal medicine, medicine, Nonparametric, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, medicine.disease, Black or African American, Motor task, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is less prevalent in African Americans (AAs) than Caucasians (CAs) but in the former the disease course tends to be more severe. In order to clarify the MRI correlates of disease severity in AAs, we performed a multimodal brain MRI study to comprehensively assess the extent of grey matter (GM) damage and the degree of functional adaptation to structural damage in AAs with MS. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we characterized GM damage in terms of focal lesions and volume loss and functional adaptation during the execution of a simple motor task on a sample of 20 AAs and 20 CAs with MS and 20 healthy controls (CTRLs). RESULTS: In AAs, we observed a wider range of EDSS scores than CAs, with multisystem involvement being more likely in AAs (p
Published: 2018

37. Sources of systematic error in proton density fat fraction (PDFF) quantification in the liver evaluated from magnitude images with different numbers of echoes

Author: Jeffrey B. Schwimmer, Elhamy Heba, Mark Bydder, Ludovic de Rochefort, Rohit Loomba, Ajinkya Desai, Claude B. Sirlin, Nikolaus M. Szeverenyi, Gavin Hamilton, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Radiology [San Diego], University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, Department of Medicine [San Diego], University of California, Department of Pediatrics [san Diego], UC San Diego School of Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Radiology [Univ California San Diego] (UC San Diego), School of Medicine [Univ California San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Department of Medicine [Univ California San Diego] (MED - UC San Diego), University of California (UC), and Department of Pediatrics [Univ California San Diego] (UC San Diego)
Subjects: Systematic error, Adult, Male, bias, Adolescent, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Gaussian, Clinical Sciences, Biomedical Engineering, Magnitude (mathematics), PDFF, liver, Noise (electronics), Article, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Young Adult, Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry, 0302 clinical medicine, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Quality (physics), Clinical Research, NAFLD, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Spectroscopy, Child, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, Adiposity, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Signal variation, Chemistry, Proton density fat fraction, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging, Liver, symbols, Molecular Medicine, Regression Analysis, Female, Protons, fat quantification, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: The purpose of this work was to investigate sources of bias in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) liver fat quantification that lead to a dependence of the proton density fat fraction (PDFF) on the number of echoes. This was a retrospective analysis of liver MRI data from 463 subjects. The magnitude signal variation with TE from spoiled gradient echo images was curve fitted to estimate the PDFF using a model that included monoexponential R2 * decay and a multi-peak fat spectrum. Additional corrections for non-exponential decay (Gaussian), bi-exponential decay, degree of fat saturation, water frequency shift and noise bias were introduced. The fitting error was minimized with respect to 463 × 3 = 1389 subject-specific parameters and seven additional parameters associated with these corrections. The effect on PDFF was analyzed, notably the dependence on the number of echoes. The effects on R2 * were also analyzed. The results showed that the inclusion of bias corrections resulted in an increase in the quality of fit (r2 ) in 427 of 463 subjects (i.e. 92.2%) and a reduction in the total fitting error (residual norm) of 43.6%. This was largely a result of the Gaussian decay (57.8% of the reduction), fat spectrum (31.0%) and biexponential decay (8.8%) terms. The inclusion of corrections was also accompanied by a decrease in the dependence of PDFF on the number of echoes. Similar analysis of R2 * showed a decrease in the dependence on the number of echoes. Comparison of PDFF with spectroscopy indicated excellent agreement before and after correction, but the latter exhibited lower bias on a Bland-Altman plot (1.35% versus 0.41%). In conclusion, correction for known and expected biases in PDFF quantification in liver reduces the fitting error, decreases the dependence on the number of echoes and increases the accuracy.
Published: 2018

38. Quantitative Gd-DOTA-based aerosol deposition mapping in the lungs of asthmatic rats using 3D UTE-MRI

Author: Rose-Marie Dubuisson, Georges Willoquet, Marilyne Le Mée, Anne Maurin, Ludovic de Rochefort, Geneviève Guillot, Stéphanie Rétif, Xavier Maître, Khaoula Bouazizi, Luc Darrasse, Felicia Julea, Hongchen Wang, Sébastien Judé, Catherine Sebrié, Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique Médicale et Multi-Modalités (IR4M), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Bicêtre-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherches Biologiques, CERB, Chemin de Montifault, 18800 Baugy, France., Centre d'Imagerie du Petit Animal (CIPA), Université d'Orléans (UO), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Time Factors, Gadolinium, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], chemistry.chemical_element, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0302 clinical medicine, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Heterocyclic Compounds, Organometallic Compounds, Medicine, Animals, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Rats, Wistar, Saline, Lung, Spectroscopy, Aerosolization, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Asthma, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Aerosols, Inhalation, biology, business.industry, Respiration, Respiratory disease, respiratory system, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 3. Good health, Ovalbumin, 030228 respiratory system, chemistry, biology.protein, Breathing, Molecular Medicine, Female, business, Nuclear medicine
Abstract: Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease, commonly treated with inhaled therapy. Better understanding of the mechanisms of aerosol deposition is required to improve inhaled drug delivery. Three-dimensional ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI acquisitions at 1.5 T were combined with spontaneous nose-only inhalation of aerosolized gadolinium (Gd) to map the aerosol deposition and to characterize signal enhancement in asthmatic rat lungs. The rats were sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) to develop asthmatic models and challenged before imaging by nebulization of OVA to trigger asthmatic symptoms. The negative controls were not sensitized or challenged by nebulization of saline. The animal lungs were imaged before and after administration of Gd-based aerosol in freely breathing rats, by using a T1 -weighted 3D UTE sequence. A contrast-enhanced quantitative analysis was performed to assess regional concentration. OVA-sensitized rats had lower signal enhancement and lower deposited aerosol concentration. Their enhancement dynamics showed large inter-subject variability. The signal intensity was homogeneously enhanced for controls while OVA-sensitized rats showed heterogeneous enhancement. Contrast-enhanced 3D UTE was applied with aerosolized Gd to efficiently measure spatially resolved deposition in asthmatic lungs. The small administered dose (around 1 μmol/kg body weight) and the use of standard clinical MRI suggest a potential application for the exploration of asthma.
Published: 2017

39. 3D architecture of human lower leg muscles assessed with ultra-high-field diffusion tensor imaging and tractography: sensitivity to sex difference and intramuscular variability

Author: Fouré, Alexandre, Ogier, Augustin C., Le Troter, Arnaud, Feiweier, Thorsten, Vilmen, Christophe, Guye, Maxime, Gondin, Julien, Besson, Pierre, Bendahan, David, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Siemens AG Healthcare Sector, Erlangen, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Ogier, Augustin C.
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

40. Evaluation of the Sensitivity of Inhomogeneous Magnetization Transfer (ihMT) MRI for Multiple Sclerosis

Author: E. Van Obberghen, Jean-Philippe Ranjeva, Gopal Varma, Patrick Viout, Olivier M. Girard, A. Le Troter, Samira Mchinda, Jean Pelletier, David C. Alsop, Maxime Guye, Guillaume Duhamel, Valentin H. Prevost, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center [Boston] (BIDMC), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), A*MIDEX ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche, n° ANR11-IDEX-0001-02)- Association pour la recherche sur la sclérose en plaques (ARSEP) 2015 - Institut pour la recherche sur la moelle épinière et l’encéphale (IRME) 2016, ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Adult, Male, inhomogeneous Magnetization Transfer, Multiple Sclerosis, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Neuroimaging, ihMT, Sensitivity and Specificity, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Magnetization transfer imaging, Sensitivity (control systems), Magnetization transfer, Prospective Studies, 10. No inequality, education, education.field_of_study, Expanded Disability Status Scale, business.industry, Multiple sclerosis, Adult Brain, Brain, MS, Middle Aged, Control subjects, medicine.disease, equipment and supplies, Mr imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Myelin imaging, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Inhomogeneous magnetization transfer is a new endogenous MR imaging contrast mechanism that has demonstrated high specificity for myelin. Here, we tested the hypothesis that inhomogeneous magnetization transfer is sensitive to pathology in a population of patients with relapsing-remitting MS in a way that both differs from and complements conventional magnetization transfer.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 20 healthy volunteers were enrolled in a prospective MR imaging research study, whose protocol included anatomic imaging, standard magnetization transfer, and inhomogeneous magneti- zation transfer imaging. Magnetization transfer and inhomogeneous magnetization transfer ratios measured in normal-appearing brain tissue and in MS lesions of patients were compared with values measured in control subjects. The potential association of inhomogeneous magnetization transfer ratio variations with the clinical scores (Expanded Disability Status Scale) of patients was further evaluated.RESULTS: The magnetization transfer ratio and inhomogeneous magnetization transfer ratio measured in the thalami and frontal, occipital, and temporal WM of patients with MS were lower compared with those of controls (P < .05). The mean inhomogeneous magnetization transfer ratio measured in lesions was lower than that in normal-appearing WM (P< .05). Significant (P< .05) negative correlations were found between the clinical scores and inhomogeneous magnetization transfer ratio measured in normal-appearing WM structures. Weaker nonsignificant correlation trends were found for the magnetization transfer ratio.CONCLUSIONS: The sensitivity of the inhomogeneous magnetization transfer technique for MS was highlighted by the reduction in the inhomogeneous magnetization transfer ratio in MS lesions and in normal-appearing WM of patients compared with controls. Stronger correlations with the Expanded Disability Status Scale score were obtained with the inhomogeneous magnetization transfer ratio com- pared with the standard magnetization transfer ratio, which may be explained by the higher specificity of inhomogeneous magnetization transfer for myelin.
Published: 2017

41. Anatomic consistencies across epilepsies: a stereotactic-EEG informed high-resolution structural connectivity study

Author: Jean-Philippe Ranjeva, Fabrice Bartolomei, Timothcrée Proix, Stanislas Lagarde, S. Kathleen Bandt, Viktor K. Jirsa, Maxime Guye, Pierre Besson, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, SEEG, High resolution, Biology, Electroencephalography, Stereoelectroencephalography, Functional networks, Stereotaxic Techniques, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Salience (neuroscience), crmbm, medicine, diffusion weighted imaging, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Humans, structural connectivity, snc, Default mode network, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Brain Mapping, medicine.diagnostic_test, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, brain networks, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, epilepsy, Female, Neurology (clinical), Nerve Net, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Diffusion MRI
Abstract: See Bernasconi (doi:10.1093/brain/awx229) for a scientific commentary on this article. Drug-resistant localization-related epilepsies are now recognized as network diseases. However, the exact relationship between the organization of the epileptogenic network and brain anatomy overall remains incompletely understood. To better understand this relationship, we studied structural connectivity obtained from diffusion weighted imaging in patients with epilepsy using both stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG)-determined epileptic brain regions and whole-brain analysis. High resolution structural connectivity analysis was applied in 15 patients with drug-resistant localization-related epilepsies and 36 healthy control subjects to study structural connectivity changes in epilepsy. Two different methods of structural connectivity analysis were carried out using diffusion weighted imaging, one focusing on the relationship between epileptic regions determined by SEEG investigations and one blinded to epileptic regions looking at whole-brain connectivity. First, we performed zone-based analysis comparing structural connectivity findings in patients and controls within and between SEEG-defined zones of interest. Next, we performed whole-brain structural connectivity analysis in all subjects and compared findings to the same SEEG-defined zones of interest. Finally, structural connectivity findings were correlated against clinical features. Zone-based analysis revealed no significant decreased structural connectivity within nodes of the epilepsy network at the group level, but did demonstrate significant structural connectivity differences between nodes of the epileptogenic network (regions involved in seizures generation and propagation) and the remaining of the brain in patients compared to controls. Whole-brain analyses showed a total of 133 clusters of significantly decreased structural connectivity across all patients. One cluster of significantly increased structural connectivity was identified in a single patient. Clusters of decreased structural connectivity showed topographical preference for both the salience and default mode networks despite clinical heterogeneity within our patient sample. Correlation analysis did not reveal any significant findings regarding either the effect of age at disease onset, disease duration or post-surgical outcome on structural connectivity. Taken together, this work demonstrates that structural connectivity disintegration targets distributed functional networks while sparing the epilepsy network.
Published: 2017

42. Ultra-small Super Paramagnetic Iron Oxide predicts higher disease activity in clinically isolated syndrome

Author: Maarouf, Adil, Ferré, Jean, Zaaraoui, W, Le Troter, Arnaud, Bannier, Elise, Berry, Isabelle, Guye, Maxime, Pierot, Laurent, Barillot, Christian, Pelletier, Jean, Tourbah, Ayman, Edan, Gilles, Audoin, Bertrand, Ranjeva, Jean-Philippe, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Maison Blanche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Service de radiologie et imagerie médicale [Rennes] = Radiology [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Vision, Action et Gestion d'informations en Santé (VisAGeS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Service de Médecine Nucléaire - Pierre-Paul Riquet [CHU Toulouse], Pôle imagerie médicale [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Service de Neurologie [Rennes] = Neurology [Rennes], Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Service de Médecine Nucléaire [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Barillot, Christian
Subjects: Multiple sclerosis, clinically isolated syndrome, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], macrophage, USPIO, MRI
Abstract: Background: Macrophages are important components of inflammatory processes inmultiple sclerosis, closely linked to axonal loss, and can now be observed in-vivo usingUltra-Small super-Paramagnetic Iron Oxide (USPIO). We aimed to determine theprevalence of macrophage infiltration and to assess the predictive value on diseaseactivity and tissue injury after one year in clinical isolated syndrome patients.Methods: Thirty-five patients were imaged using conventional-MRI, magnetizationtransfer ratio (MTR) to assess tissue destructuration, gadolinium (Gd) to probe bloodbrain barrier integrity, and USPIO to study macrophage infiltration.Results: At baseline, patients showed 17 USPIO-positive lesions reflecting infiltrationof macrophages present from the onset. This infiltration was associated with higherlocal tissue destructuration as emphasized by lower MTR values of USPIO-positive/Gdpositivelesions compared to USPIO-negative/Gd-positive and to non-enhanced lesions,at baseline and Month-12, and no difference between USPIO-negative/Gd-positive andnon-enhanced lesions. While at baseline T2-lesion load of patients with USPIOenhancementcompared to patients with Gd-enhancement was not different, it washigher at Month-12. T1-lesion load was also higher at Month-12 in patients withUSPIO-enhancement.Conclusion: Infiltration of activated macrophages evidenced by USPIO enhancement,is present at the onset of MS and is associated with higher local and global progressionof tissue destructuration.
Published: 2017

43. Defining epileptogenic networks: Contribution of SEEG and signal analysis

Author: Bartolomei, Fabrice, Lagarde, S., Wendling, F., Mcgonigal, A., Jirsa, V., Guye, M., Bénar, C., Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)
Subjects: Cerebral Cortex, Signal processing, Brain Mapping, Epilepsy, Brain networks, Brain, Electroencephalography, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Models, Theoretical, Electrodes, Implanted, Focal epilepsies, Malformations of Cortical Development, Stereoelectroencephalography, Functional connectivity, Humans, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Electrocorticography, Epilepsies, Partial, Nerve Net, Evoked Potentials, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Algorithms
Abstract: International audience; Epileptogenic networks are defined by the brain regions involved in the production and propagation of epileptic activities. In this review we describe the historical, methodologic, and conceptual bases of this model in the analysis of electrophysiologic intracerebral recordings. In the context of epilepsy surgery, the determination of cerebral regions producing seizures (i.e., the “epileptogenic zone”) is a crucial objective. In contrast with a traditional focal vision of focal drug-resistant epilepsies, the concept of epileptogenic networks has been progressively introduced as a model better able to describe the complexity of seizure dynamics and realistically describe the distribution of epileptogenic anomalies in the brain. The concept of epileptogenic networks is historically linked to the development of the stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) method and subsequent introduction of means of quantifying the recorded signals. Seizures, and preictal and interictal discharges produce clear patterns on SEEG. These patterns can be analyzed utilizing signal analysis methods that quantify high-frequency oscillations or changes in functional connectivity. Dramatic changes in SEEG brain connectivity can be described during seizure genesis and propagation within cortical and subcortical regions, associated with the production of different patterns of seizure semiology. The interictal state is characterized by networks generating abnormal activities (interictal spikes) and also by modified functional properties. The introduction of novel approaches to large-scale modeling of these networks offers new methods in the goal of better predicting the effects of epilepsy surgery. The epileptogenic network concept is a key factor in identifying the anatomic distribution of the epileptogenic process, which is particularly important in the context of epilepsy surgery. © 2017 The Authors. Epilepsia published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International League Against Epilepsy.
Published: 2017

44. Complementary contributions of concurrent EEG and fMRI connectivity for predicting structural connectivity

Author: Viktor K. Jirsa, Jean-Philippe Ranjeva, Maxime Guye, Pierre Besson, Christian Bénar, Jonathan Wirsich, Ben Ridley, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)
Subjects: Adult, Male, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Cognitive Neuroscience, Data transformation (statistics), Context (language use), Network theory, Electroencephalography, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, crmbm, medicine, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Connectome, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Brain connectivity, snc, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Brain, Graph theory, Pattern recognition, Models, Theoretical, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Euclidean distance, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neurology, Multimodal, Female, Artificial intelligence, Nerve Net, Psychology, business, computer, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Diffusion MRI
Abstract: International audience; While averaged dynamics of brain function are known to estimate the underlying structure, the exact relationship between large-scale function and structure remains an unsolved issue in network neuroscience. These complex functional dynamics, measured by EEG and fMRI, are thought to arise from a shared underlying structural architecture, which can be measured by diffusion MRI (dMRI). While simulation and data transformation (e.g. graph theory measures) have been proposed to refine the understanding of the underlying function-structure relationship, the potential complementary and/or independent contribution of EEG and fMRI to this relationship is still poorly understood. As such, we explored this relationship by analyzing the function-structure correlation in fourteen healthy subjects with simultaneous resting-state EEG-fMRI and dMRI acquisitions. We show that the combination of EEG and fMRI connectivity better explains dMRI connectivity and that this represents a genuine model improvement over fMRI-only models for both group-averaged connectivity matrices and at the individual level. Furthermore, this model improves the prediction within each resting-state network. The best model fit to underlying structure is mediated by fMRI and EEG-δ connectivity in combination with Euclidean distance and interhemispheric connectivity with more local contributions of EEG-γ at the scale of resting state networks. This highlights that the factors mediating the relationship between functional and structural metrics of connectivity are context and scale dependent, influenced by topological, geometric and architectural features. It also suggests that fMRI studies employing simultaneous EEG measures may characterize additional and essential parts of the underlying neuronal activity of the resting-state, which might be of special interest for both clinical studies and the investigation of resting-state dynamics.
Published: 2017

45. Whole-brain high-resolution structural connectome: inter-subject validation and application to the anatomical segmentation of the striatum

Author: Marc Tommasi, Renaud Lopes, Xavier Leclerc, S. Kathleen Bandt, Pierre Besson, Louise Tyvaert, Philippe Derambure, Nicolas Carrière, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Troubles cognitifs dégénératifs et vasculaires - U 1171 - EA 1046 (TCDV), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Machine Learning in Information Networks (MAGNET), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille, Services de neuroradiologie [Lille], Hôpital Roger Salengro [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de neurophysiologie clinique (CHRU Lille), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Troubles cognitifs dégénératifs et vasculaires - U 1171 (TCDV), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), and Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Adult, Male, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, High resolution, Striatum, 050105 experimental psychology, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Connectome, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Surface-based connectivity, snc, Cluster analysis, Human Connectome Project, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, 05 social sciences, Anatomical segmentation, Brain, Reproducibility of Results, Structural connectome, Corpus Striatum, Healthy Volunteers, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neurology, Female, Neurology (clinical), Anatomy, High-resolution, Psychology, Neuroscience, Striatum clustering, Algorithms, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Diffusion MRI
Abstract: International audience; The present study describes extraction of high-resolution structural connectome (HRSC) in 99 healthy subjects, acquired and made available by the Human Connectome Project. Single subject connectomes were then registered to the common surface space to allow assessment of inter-individual reproducibility of this novel technique using a leave-one-out approach. The anatomic relevance of the surface-based connectome was examined via a clustering algorithm, which identified anatomic subdivisions within the striatum. The connectivity of these striatal subdivisions were then mapped on the cortical and other subcortical surfaces. Findings demonstrate that HRSC analysis is robust across individuals and accurately models the actual underlying brain networks related to the striatum. This suggests that this method has the potential to model and characterize the healthy whole-brain structural network at high anatomic resolution.
Published: 2017

46. OptiC: Robust and Automatic Spinal Cord Localization on a Large Variety of MRI Data Using a Distance Transform Based Global Optimization

Author: Michael G. Fehlings, Charley Gros, Subhash Tummala, Virginie Callot, Vincent Auclair, Benjamin De Leener, Donald G. McLaren, Allan R. Martin, Julien Cohen-Adad, Rohit Bakshi, Sara M. Dupont, Michaël Sdika, École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Brigham and Women's Hospital [Boston], Biospective [Montréal], Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Images et Modèles, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service Informatique et développements, Functional Neuroimaging Unit, CRIUGM, Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montreal (CRIUGM), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université de Montréal (UdeM), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Population, computer.software_genre, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Hough transform, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Segmentation, 0302 clinical medicine, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Voxel, law, Histogram, Machine learning, medicine, Computer vision, education, Mathematics, Spinal cord, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Support vector machine, Detection, medicine.anatomical_structure, Localization, Global optimization, Artificial intelligence, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, computer, Distance transform, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, MRI
Abstract: International audience; Localizing the center of the spinal cord on MR images is a critical step toward fully automated and robust quantitative analysis, which is essential to achieve clinical utilization. While automatic localization of the spinal cord might appear as a simple task, that has already been addressed extensively, it is much more challenging to achieve this across the large variation in MRI contrasts, field of view, resolutions and pathologies. In this study, we introduce a novel method, called “OptiC”, to automatically and robustly localize the spinal cord on a large variety of MRI data. Starting from a localization map computed by a linear Support Vector Machine trained with Histogram of Oriented Gradient features, the center of the spinal cord is localized by solving an optimization problem, that introduces a trade-off between the localization map and the cord continuity along the superior-inferior axis. The OptiC algorithm features an efficient search (with a linear complexity in the number of voxels) and ensures the global minimum is reached. OptiC was compared to a recently-published method based on the Hough transform using a broad range of MRI data, involving 13 different centers, 3 contrasts (T2-weighted n=278, T1-weighted n=112 and T∗2-weighted n=263), with a total of 441 subjects, including 133 patients with traumatic and neurodegenerative diseases. Overall, OptiC was able to find 98.5% of the gold-standard centerline coverage, with a mean square error of 1.21 mm, suggesting that OptiC could reliably be used for subsequent analyses tasks, such as cord segmentation, opening the door to more robust analysis in patient population.
Published: 2017

47. Specific brain activation patterns associated with two neuromuscular electrical stimulation protocols

Author: Jennifer, Wegrzyk, Jean-Philippe, Ranjeva, Alexandre, Fouré, Anne, Kavounoudias, Christophe, Vilmen, Jean-Pierre, Mattei, Maxime, Guye, Nicola A, Maffiuletti, Nicolas, Place, David, Bendahan, Julien, Gondin, GONDIN, JULIEN, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et adaptatives (LNIA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut du Mouvement et de l’appareil Locomoteur [Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite - APHM] (IML), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud )-Rhumatologie [Sainte- Marguerite - APHM] ( Hôpitaux Sud), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neuromuscular Research Laboratory [Schulthess Clinic], Schulthess Clinic, Department of Physiology [Lausanne, Switzerland], Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL)-Institute of Sport Sciences [Lausanne, Switzerland], This work was supported by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, UMR 7339), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) and Aix-Marseille University (AMU)., Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Université de Lausanne (UNIL)-Institute of Sport Sciences [Lausanne, Switzerland], Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), and Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM)
Subjects: Adult, Male, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Article, Thalamus, Cerebellum, Isometric Contraction, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Muscle, Skeletal, Brain Mapping, Caudate Nucleus/diagnostic imaging, Caudate Nucleus/physiology, Cerebellum/diagnostic imaging, Cerebellum/physiology, Electric Stimulation, Female, Isometric Contraction/physiology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods, Muscle Contraction/physiology, Muscle Fatigue/physiology, Muscle, Skeletal/innervation, Muscle, Skeletal/physiology, Sensorimotor Cortex/diagnostic imaging, Sensorimotor Cortex/physiology, Thalamus/diagnostic imaging, Thalamus/physiology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Muscle Fatigue, Medicine, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Sensorimotor Cortex, Caudate Nucleus, Muscle Contraction
Abstract: International audience; The influence of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) parameters on brain activation has been scarcely investigated. We aimed at comparing two frequently used NMES protocols-designed to vary in the extent of sensory input. Whole-brain functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed in sixteen healthy subjects during wide-pulse high-frequency (WPHF, 100 Hz–1 ms) and conventional (CONV, 25 Hz–0.05 ms) NMES applied over the triceps surae. Each protocol included 20 isometric contractions performed at 10% of maximal force. Voluntary plantar flexions (VOL) were performed as control trial. Mean force was not different among the three protocols, however, total current charge was higher for WPHF than for CONV. All protocols elicited significant activations of the sensorimotor network, cerebellum and thalamus. WPHF resulted in lower deactivation in the secondary somatosensory cortex and precuneus. Bilateral thalami and caudate nuclei were hyperactivated for CONV. The modulation of the NMES parameters resulted in differently activated/deactivated regions related to total current charge of the stimulation but not to mean force. By targeting different cerebral brain regions, the two NMES protocols might allow for individually-designed rehabilitation training in patients who can no longer execute voluntary movements. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) consists of a series of intermittent electrical stimuli applied over the muscle or the nerve trunk in order to elicit isometric muscle contractions. NMES has emerged as an efficient tool to induce activity-dependent plasticity in neural circuits in both healthy subjects 1, 2 and hypoactive patients with stroke 3–5. For instance, changes in corticospinal excitability resulting from a single session of NMES have been reported for a variety of upper 6, 7 and lower 8 limb muscles. Accordingly, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) investigations revealed a widespread brain activation pattern in response to NMES of different muscle groups, including the contralateral primary motor (M1) and sensory (S1) cortices, secondary somatosen-sory area (S2), supplementary motor area (SMA) and prefrontal cortex 9–13. Despite the promise of NMES as a tool for driving neuroplasticity and improving motor function 3–5 , the influence of stimulation parameters on the magnitude of sensory inputs to the brain has been scarcely investigated. A few studies have only reported a dose-response relationship between either stimulation intensity 10, 14 or pulse frequency 15 and brain activation patterns. From a neuromuscular point of view, NMES-induced isometric contractions may arise from the direct activation of motor axons (i.e., efferent pathway) and/or from the recruitment of motoneurons in the spinal cord through the depolarization of sensory axons (i.e., afferent pathway). It has been reported that NMES parameters, such as stimulation intensity, pulse frequency and pulse duration, affect the relative contribution of efferent and afferent pathways to force production 16. Conventional (defined hereafter as CONV) NMES protocols typically consist of short pulses (
Published: 2017

48. Association between brain and upper cervical spinal cord atrophy assessed by MRI and disease aggressiveness in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Author: El Mendili, Mohamed Mounir, Verschueren, Annie, Ranjeva, Jean-Philippe, Guye, Maxime, Attarian, Shahram, Zaaraoui, Wafaa, Grapperon, Aude-Marie, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APHM, CHU Timone, Centre de référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires et de la SLA, ERN-NMD, Marseille, France., and APHM AORC, ARSLA, FRC
Subjects: [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging
Abstract: PurposeTo study the relative contributions of brain and upper cervical spinal cord compartmental atrophy to disease aggressiveness in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).MethodsTwenty-nine ALS patients and 24 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited. Disease duration and the Revised-ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R) at baseline, 3- and 6-months follow-up were assessed. Patients were clinically differentiated into fast (n=13) and slow (n=16) progressors according to their ALSFRS-R progression rate. Brain grey (GM) and white matter, brainstem sub-structures volumes and spinal cord cross-sectional area (SC-CSA) at C1-C2 vertebral levels were measured from a 3D-T1-weighted MRI.ResultsFast progressors showed significant GM, medulla oblongata and SC atrophy compared to HC (p
Published: 2023

49. Cognition in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: a prospective multicentre study of 217 patients (CogniNMO-Study)

Author: Martin W Hümmert, Carlotta Stern, Friedemann Paul, Ankelien Duchow, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Ilya Ayzenberg, Carolin Schwake, Ingo Kleiter, Kerstin Hellwig, Sven Jarius, Brigitte Wildemann, Makbule Senel, Achim Berthele, Katrin Giglhuber, Felix Luessi, Matthias Grothe, Luisa Klotz, Rasmus Schülke, Stefan Gingele, Jürgen H Faiss, Annette Walter, Clemens Warnke, Florian Then Bergh, Orhan Aktas, Marius Ringelstein, Jan-Patrick Stellmann, Vivien Häußler, Joachim Havla, Hannah Pellkofer, Tania Kümpfel, Bruno Kopp, Corinna Trebst, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: cognition, Neurology, cognitive neuropsychology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, Neurology (clinical), neuroimmunology, Function and Dysfunction of the Nervous System
Abstract: Background: There is limited and inconsistent information on the prevalence of cognitive impairment in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Objective: To assess cognitive performance and changes over time in NMOSD. Methods: This study included data from 217 aquaporin-4-IgG-seropositive (80%) and double-seronegative NMOSD patients. Cognitive functions measured by Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Paced Auditory Serial-Addition Task (PASAT), and/or Multiple Sclerosis Inventory Cognition (MuSIC) were standardized against normative data ( N = 157). Intraindividual cognitive performance at 1- and 2-year follow-up was analyzed. Cognitive test scores were correlated with demographic and clinical variables and assessed with a multiple linear regression model. Results: NMOSD patients were impaired in SDMT ( p = 0.007), MuSIC semantic fluency ( p Bon Conclusions: A subset of NMOSD patients shows impairment in visual processing speed and in semantic fluency regardless of serostatus, without noticeable changes during a 2-year observation period. Neuropsychological measurements should be adapted to physical and visual disabilities.
Published: 2023

50. Quantitative magnetization transfer MRI unbiased by on‐resonance saturation and dipolar order contributions

Author: Lucas Soustelle, Thomas Troalen, Andreea Hertanu, Jean‐Philippe Ranjeva, Maxime Guye, Gopal Varma, David C. Alsop, Guillaume Duhamel, Olivier M. Girard, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Siemens Healthcare [France], Siemens AG [Munich], Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, ANR-22-CE17-0060,NormaBRAIN,IRM quantitative et base normative pour la caractérisation des altérations tissulaires cérébrales à haut et ultra-haut champ magnétique(2022), ANR-22-CE18-0041,ULTIMO,Imagerie quantitative des membranes lipidiques par ihMT: un nouveau marqueur IRM de la myéline(2022), ANR-17-CE18-0030,verISMO,IRM du transfert d'aimantation inhomogène : vers un nouveau biomarqueur in vivo spécifique et sensible de la myéline(2017), and ANR-11-INBS-0006,FLI,France Life Imaging(2011)
Subjects: neuroimaging, T1 relaxometry, quantitative magnetization transfer, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, dipolar order, inhomogeneous magnetization transfer
Abstract: International audience; To demonstrate the bias in quantitative MT (qMT) measures introduced by the presence of dipolar order and on-resonance saturation (ONRS) effects using magnetization transfer (MT) spoiled gradient-recalled (SPGR) acquisitions, and propose changes to the acquisition and analysis strategies to remove these biases. Methods: The proposed framework consists of SPGR sequences prepared with simultaneous dual-offset frequency-saturation pulses to cancel out dipolar order and associated relaxation (T 1D) effects in Z-spectrum acquisitions, and a matched quantitative MT (qMT) mathematical model that includes ONRS effects of readout pulses. Variable flip angle and MT data were fitted jointly to simultaneously estimate qMT parameters (macromolecular proton fraction [MPF], T 2,f , T 2,b , R, and free pool T 1). This framework is compared with standard qMT and investigated in terms of reproducibility, and then further developed to follow a joint single-point qMT methodology for combined estimation of MPF and T 1. Results: Bland-Altman analyses demonstrated a systematic underestimation of MPF (−2.5% and −1.3%, on average, in white and gray matter, respectively) and overestimation of T 1 (47.1 ms and 38.6 ms, on average, in white and gray matter, respectively) if both ONRS and dipolar order effects are ignored. Reproducibility of the proposed framework is excellent (ΔMPF = −0.03% and ΔT 1 = −19.0 ms). The single-point methodology yielded consistent MPF and T 1 values with respective maximum relative average bias of −0.15% and −3.5 ms found in white matter. Conclusion: The influence of acquisition strategy and matched mathematical model with regard to ONRS and dipolar order effects in qMT-SPGR frameworks has been investigated. The proposed framework holds promise for improved accuracy with reproducibility.
Published: 2023

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