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1. Department of Error: Mapping geographical inequalities in childhood diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–17: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (The Lancet (2020) 395(10239) (1779–1801), (S0140673620301148), (10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30114-8))

Author

Reiner, RC, Wiens, KE, Deshpande, A, Baumann, MM, Lindstedt, PA, Blacker, BF, Troeger, CE, Earl, L, Munro, SB, Abate, D, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdelalim, A, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, RS, Abebe, G, Abegaz, KH, Abreu, LG, Abrigo, MRM, Accrombessi, MMK, Acharya, D, Adabi, M, Adebayo, OM, Adedoyin, RA, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, OO, Adham, D, Adhena, BM, Afarideh, M, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadi, M, Ahmed, AE, Ahmed, MB, Ahmed, R, Ajumobi, O, Akal, CG, Akalu, TY, Akanda, AS, Alamene, GM, Alanzi, TM, Albright, JR, Alcalde Rabanal, JE, Alemnew, BT, Alemu, ZA, Ali, BA, Ali, M, Alijanzadeh, M, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Almasi, A, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Amare, AT, Amini, S, Amit, AML, Andrei, CL, Anegago, MT, Anjomshoa, M, Ansari, F, Antonio, CAT, Antriyandarti, E, Appiah, SCY, Arabloo, J, Aremu, O, Armoon, B, Aryal, KK, Arzani, A, Asadi-Lari, M, Ashagre, AF, Atalay, HT, Atique, S, Atre, SR, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awasthi, A, Awoke, N, Ayala Quintanilla, BP, Ayano, G, Ayanore, MA, Ayele, AA, Aynalem, YA, Azari, S, Babaee, E, Badawi, A, Bakkannavar, SM, Balakrishnan, S, Bali, AG, Banach, M, Barac, A, Barnighausen, TW, Basaleem, H, Bassat, Q, Bayati, M, Bedi, N, Behzadifar, M, Bekele, YA, Reiner, RC, Wiens, KE, Deshpande, A, Baumann, MM, Lindstedt, PA, Blacker, BF, Troeger, CE, Earl, L, Munro, SB, Abate, D, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdelalim, A, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, RS, Abebe, G, Abegaz, KH, Abreu, LG, Abrigo, MRM, Accrombessi, MMK, Acharya, D, Adabi, M, Adebayo, OM, Adedoyin, RA, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, OO, Adham, D, Adhena, BM, Afarideh, M, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadi, M, Ahmed, AE, Ahmed, MB, Ahmed, R, Ajumobi, O, Akal, CG, Akalu, TY, Akanda, AS, Alamene, GM, Alanzi, TM, Albright, JR, Alcalde Rabanal, JE, Alemnew, BT, Alemu, ZA, Ali, BA, Ali, M, Alijanzadeh, M, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Almasi, A, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Amare, AT, Amini, S, Amit, AML, Andrei, CL, Anegago, MT, Anjomshoa, M, Ansari, F, Antonio, CAT, Antriyandarti, E, Appiah, SCY, Arabloo, J, Aremu, O, Armoon, B, Aryal, KK, Arzani, A, Asadi-Lari, M, Ashagre, AF, Atalay, HT, Atique, S, Atre, SR, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awasthi, A, Awoke, N, Ayala Quintanilla, BP, Ayano, G, Ayanore, MA, Ayele, AA, Aynalem, YA, Azari, S, Babaee, E, Badawi, A, Bakkannavar, SM, Balakrishnan, S, Bali, AG, Banach, M, Barac, A, Barnighausen, TW, Basaleem, H, Bassat, Q, Bayati, M, Bedi, N, Behzadifar, M, and Bekele, YA

Abstract

Reiner RC Jr, Hay SI. Mapping geographical inequalities in childhood diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–17: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 2020; 395: 1779–801—In this Article, the author byline has been amended to Local Burden of Disease Diarrhoea Collaborators. This correction has been made to the online version as of June 4, 2020, and the printed version is correct.

Published
2020

2. Author Correction: Mapping local patterns of childhood overweight and wasting in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2017 (Nature Medicine, (2020), 26, 5, (750-759), 10.1038/s41591-020-0807-6)

Author

Kinyoki, DK, Ross, JM, Lazzar-Atwood, A, Munro, SB, Schaeffer, LE, Abbasalizad-Farhangi, M, Abbasi, M, Abbastabar, H, Abdelalim, A, Abdoli, A, Abdollahi, M, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, RS, Abebe, ND, Abebo, TA, Abegaz, KH, Abolhassani, H, Abreu, LG, Abrigo, MRM, Abushouk, AI, Accrombessi, MMK, Acharya, D, Adabi, M, Adebiyi, AO, Adedeji, IA, Adekanmbi, V, Adeoye, AM, Adetokunboh, OO, Adham, D, Aduroja, PE, Advani, SM, Afarideh, M, Aghaali, M, Agrawal, A, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, MB, Ahmed, R, Ajumobi, O, Akal, CG, Akalu, TY, Akinyemiju, T, Akombi, B, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, S, Alamene, GM, Alanzi, TM, Rabanal, JEA, Alema, NM, Ali, BA, Ali, M, Alijanzadeh, M, Alinia, C, Alipour, V, Alizade, H, Aljunid, SM, Almasi, A, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Al-Raddadi, RM, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Amare, AT, Amegah, AK, Amini, S, Rarani, MA, Amiri, F, Amit, AML, Anber, NH, Andrei, CL, Ansari, F, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Anteneh, ZA, Antonio, CAT, Antriyandarti, E, Anvari, D, Anwer, R, Appiah, SCY, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Araya, EM, Arefi, Z, Aremu, O, Ärnlöv, J, Arzani, A, Asadi-Aliabadi, M, Asadi-Pooya, AA, Asgari, S, Asghari, B, Ashagre, AF, Asrat, AA, Ataeinia, B, Atalay, HT, Atnafu, DD, Atout, MMW, Ausloos, M, Avokpaho, EFGA, Awasthi, A, Kinyoki, DK, Ross, JM, Lazzar-Atwood, A, Munro, SB, Schaeffer, LE, Abbasalizad-Farhangi, M, Abbasi, M, Abbastabar, H, Abdelalim, A, Abdoli, A, Abdollahi, M, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, RS, Abebe, ND, Abebo, TA, Abegaz, KH, Abolhassani, H, Abreu, LG, Abrigo, MRM, Abushouk, AI, Accrombessi, MMK, Acharya, D, Adabi, M, Adebiyi, AO, Adedeji, IA, Adekanmbi, V, Adeoye, AM, Adetokunboh, OO, Adham, D, Aduroja, PE, Advani, SM, Afarideh, M, Aghaali, M, Agrawal, A, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, MB, Ahmed, R, Ajumobi, O, Akal, CG, Akalu, TY, Akinyemiju, T, Akombi, B, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, S, Alamene, GM, Alanzi, TM, Rabanal, JEA, Alema, NM, Ali, BA, Ali, M, Alijanzadeh, M, Alinia, C, Alipour, V, Alizade, H, Aljunid, SM, Almasi, A, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Al-Raddadi, RM, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Amare, AT, Amegah, AK, Amini, S, Rarani, MA, Amiri, F, Amit, AML, Anber, NH, Andrei, CL, Ansari, F, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Anteneh, ZA, Antonio, CAT, Antriyandarti, E, Anvari, D, Anwer, R, Appiah, SCY, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Araya, EM, Arefi, Z, Aremu, O, Ärnlöv, J, Arzani, A, Asadi-Aliabadi, M, Asadi-Pooya, AA, Asgari, S, Asghari, B, Ashagre, AF, Asrat, AA, Ataeinia, B, Atalay, HT, Atnafu, DD, Atout, MMW, Ausloos, M, Avokpaho, EFGA, and Awasthi, A

Abstract

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Published
2020

3. Mapping geographical inequalities in childhood diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000-17: Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Author

Reiner, RC, Wiens, KE, Deshpande, A, Baumann, MM, Lindstedt, PA, Blacker, BF, Troeger, CE, Earl, L, Munro, SB, Abate, D, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdelalim, A, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, RS, Abebe, G, Abegaz, KH, Abreu, LG, Abrigo, MRM, Accrombessi, MMK, Acharya, D, Adabi, M, Adebayo, OM, Adedoyin, RA, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, OO, Adham, D, Adhena, BM, Afarideh, M, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadi, M, Ahmed, AE, Ahmed, MB, Ahmed, R, Ajumobi, O, Akal, CG, Akalu, TY, Akanda, AS, Alamene, GM, Alanzi, TM, Albright, JR, Alcalde Rabanal, JE, Alemnew, BT, Alemu, ZA, Ali, BA, Ali, M, Alijanzadeh, M, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Almasi, A, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Amare, AT, Amini, S, Amit, AML, Andrei, CL, Anegago, MT, Anjomshoa, M, Ansari, F, Antonio, CAT, Antriyandarti, E, Appiah, SCY, Arabloo, J, Aremu, O, Armoon, B, Aryal, KK, Arzani, A, Asadi-Lari, M, Ashagre, AF, Atalay, HT, Atique, S, Atre, SR, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awasthi, A, Awoke, N, Ayala Quintanilla, BP, Ayano, G, Ayanore, MA, Ayele, AA, Aynalem, YA, Azari, S, Babaee, E, Badawi, A, Bakkannavar, SM, Balakrishnan, S, Bali, AG, Banach, M, Barac, A, Barnighausen, TW, Basaleem, H, Bassat, Q, Bayati, M, Bedi, N, Behzadifar, M, Bekele, YA, Reiner, RC, Wiens, KE, Deshpande, A, Baumann, MM, Lindstedt, PA, Blacker, BF, Troeger, CE, Earl, L, Munro, SB, Abate, D, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdelalim, A, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, RS, Abebe, G, Abegaz, KH, Abreu, LG, Abrigo, MRM, Accrombessi, MMK, Acharya, D, Adabi, M, Adebayo, OM, Adedoyin, RA, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, OO, Adham, D, Adhena, BM, Afarideh, M, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadi, M, Ahmed, AE, Ahmed, MB, Ahmed, R, Ajumobi, O, Akal, CG, Akalu, TY, Akanda, AS, Alamene, GM, Alanzi, TM, Albright, JR, Alcalde Rabanal, JE, Alemnew, BT, Alemu, ZA, Ali, BA, Ali, M, Alijanzadeh, M, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Almasi, A, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Amare, AT, Amini, S, Amit, AML, Andrei, CL, Anegago, MT, Anjomshoa, M, Ansari, F, Antonio, CAT, Antriyandarti, E, Appiah, SCY, Arabloo, J, Aremu, O, Armoon, B, Aryal, KK, Arzani, A, Asadi-Lari, M, Ashagre, AF, Atalay, HT, Atique, S, Atre, SR, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awasthi, A, Awoke, N, Ayala Quintanilla, BP, Ayano, G, Ayanore, MA, Ayele, AA, Aynalem, YA, Azari, S, Babaee, E, Badawi, A, Bakkannavar, SM, Balakrishnan, S, Bali, AG, Banach, M, Barac, A, Barnighausen, TW, Basaleem, H, Bassat, Q, Bayati, M, Bedi, N, Behzadifar, M, and Bekele, YA

Abstract

Background Across low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), one in ten deaths in children younger than 5 years is attributable to diarrhoea. The substantial between-country variation in both diarrhoea incidence and mortality is attributable to interventions that protect children, prevent infection, and treat disease. Identifying subnational regions with the highest burden and mapping associated risk factors can aid in reducing preventable childhood diarrhoea. Methods We used Bayesian model-based geostatistics and a geolocated dataset comprising 15 072 746 children younger than 5 years from 466 surveys in 94 LMICs, in combination with findings of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017, to estimate posterior distributions of diarrhoea prevalence, incidence, and mortality from 2000 to 2017. From these data, we estimated the burden of diarrhoea at varying subnational levels (termed units) by spatially aggregating draws, and we investigated the drivers of subnational patterns by creating aggregated risk factor estimates. Findings The greatest declines in diarrhoeal mortality were seen in south and southeast Asia and South America, where 54·0% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 38·1-65·8), 17·4% (7·7-28·4), and 59·5% (34·2-86·9) of units, respectively, recorded decreases in deaths from diarrhoea greater than 10%. Although children in much of Africa remain at high risk of death due to diarrhoea, regions with the most deaths were outside Africa, with the highest mortality units located in Pakistan. Indonesia showed the greatest within-country geographical inequality; some regions had mortality rates nearly four times the average country rate. Reductions in mortality were correlated to improvements in water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) or reductions in child growth failure (CGF). Similarly, most high-risk areas had poor WASH, high CGF, or low oral rehydration therapy coverage. Interpretation By co-analysing geospatial trends in diarrh

Published
2020

4. Mapping local patterns of childhood overweight and wasting in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2017

Author

Kinyoki, DK, Ross, JM, Lazzar-Atwood, A, Munro, SB, Schaeffer, LE, Abbasalizad-Farhangi, M, Abbasi, M, Abbastabar, H, Abdelalim, A, Abdoli, A, Abdollahi, M, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, RS, Abebe, ND, Abebo, TA, Abegaz, KH, Abolhassani, H, Abreu, LG, Abrigo, MRM, Abushouk, AI, Accrombessi, MMK, Acharya, D, Adabi, M, Adebiyi, AO, Adedeji, IA, Adekanmbi, V, Adeoye, AM, Adetokunboh, OO, Adham, D, Aduroja, PE, Advani, SM, Afarideh, M, Aghaali, M, Agrawal, A, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, MB, Ahmed, R, Ajumobi, O, Akal, CG, Akalu, TY, Akinyemiju, T, Akombi, B, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, S, Alamene, GM, Alanzi, TM, Rabanal, JEA, Alema, NM, Ali, BA, Ali, M, Alijanzadeh, M, Alinia, C, Alipour, V, Alizade, H, Aljunid, SM, Almasi, A, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Al-Raddadi, RM, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Amare, AT, Amegah, AK, Amini, S, Rarani, MA, Amiri, F, Amit, AML, Anber, NH, Andrei, CL, Ansari, F, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Anteneh, ZA, Antonio, CAT, Antriyandarti, E, Anvari, D, Anwer, R, Appiah, SCY, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Araya, EM, Arefi, Z, Aremu, O, Ärnlöv, J, Arzani, A, Asadi-Aliabadi, M, Asadi-Pooya, AA, Asgari, S, Asghari, B, Ashagre, AF, Asrat, AA, Ataeinia, B, Atalay, HT, Atnafu, DD, Atout, MMW, Ausloos, M, Avokpaho, EFGA, Awasthi, A, Kinyoki, DK, Ross, JM, Lazzar-Atwood, A, Munro, SB, Schaeffer, LE, Abbasalizad-Farhangi, M, Abbasi, M, Abbastabar, H, Abdelalim, A, Abdoli, A, Abdollahi, M, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, RS, Abebe, ND, Abebo, TA, Abegaz, KH, Abolhassani, H, Abreu, LG, Abrigo, MRM, Abushouk, AI, Accrombessi, MMK, Acharya, D, Adabi, M, Adebiyi, AO, Adedeji, IA, Adekanmbi, V, Adeoye, AM, Adetokunboh, OO, Adham, D, Aduroja, PE, Advani, SM, Afarideh, M, Aghaali, M, Agrawal, A, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, MB, Ahmed, R, Ajumobi, O, Akal, CG, Akalu, TY, Akinyemiju, T, Akombi, B, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, S, Alamene, GM, Alanzi, TM, Rabanal, JEA, Alema, NM, Ali, BA, Ali, M, Alijanzadeh, M, Alinia, C, Alipour, V, Alizade, H, Aljunid, SM, Almasi, A, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Al-Raddadi, RM, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Amare, AT, Amegah, AK, Amini, S, Rarani, MA, Amiri, F, Amit, AML, Anber, NH, Andrei, CL, Ansari, F, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Anteneh, ZA, Antonio, CAT, Antriyandarti, E, Anvari, D, Anwer, R, Appiah, SCY, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Araya, EM, Arefi, Z, Aremu, O, Ärnlöv, J, Arzani, A, Asadi-Aliabadi, M, Asadi-Pooya, AA, Asgari, S, Asghari, B, Ashagre, AF, Asrat, AA, Ataeinia, B, Atalay, HT, Atnafu, DD, Atout, MMW, Ausloos, M, Avokpaho, EFGA, and Awasthi, A

Abstract

A double burden of malnutrition occurs when individuals, household members or communities experience both undernutrition and overweight. Here, we show geospatial estimates of overweight and wasting prevalence among children under 5 years of age in 105 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) from 2000 to 2017 and aggregate these to policy-relevant administrative units. Wasting decreased overall across LMICs between 2000 and 2017, from 8.4% (62.3 (55.1–70.8) million) to 6.4% (58.3 (47.6–70.7) million), but is predicted to remain above the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target of <5% in over half of LMICs by 2025. Prevalence of overweight increased from 5.2% (30 (22.8–38.5) million) in 2000 to 6.0% (55.5 (44.8–67.9) million) children aged under 5 years in 2017. Areas most affected by double burden of malnutrition were located in Indonesia, Thailand, southeastern China, Botswana, Cameroon and central Nigeria. Our estimates provide a new perspective to researchers, policy makers and public health agencies in their efforts to address this global childhood syndemic.

Published
2020

5. Department of Error: Mapping geographical inequalities in childhood diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–17: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (The Lancet (2020) 395(10239) (1779–1801)

Author

Reiner, RC, Wiens, KE, Deshpande, A, Baumann, MM, Lindstedt, PA, Blacker, BF, Troeger, CE, Earl, L, Munro, SB, Abate, D, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdelalim, A, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, RS, Abebe, G, Abegaz, KH, Abreu, LG, Abrigo, MRM, Accrombessi, MMK, Acharya, D, Adabi, M, Adebayo, OM, Adedoyin, RA, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, OO, Adham, D, Adhena, BM, Afarideh, M, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadi, M, Ahmed, AE, Ahmed, MB, Ahmed, R, Ajumobi, O, Akal, CG, Akalu, TY, Akanda, AS, Alamene, GM, Alanzi, TM, Albright, JR, Alcalde Rabanal, JE, Alemnew, BT, Alemu, ZA, Ali, BA, Ali, M, Alijanzadeh, M, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Almasi, A, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Amare, AT, Amini, S, Amit, AML, Andrei, CL, Anegago, MT, Anjomshoa, M, Ansari, F, Antonio, CAT, Antriyandarti, E, Appiah, SCY, Arabloo, J, Aremu, O, Armoon, B, Aryal, KK, Arzani, A, Asadi-Lari, M, Ashagre, AF, Atalay, HT, Atique, S, Atre, SR, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awasthi, A, Awoke, N, Ayala Quintanilla, BP, Ayano, G, Ayanore, MA, Ayele, AA, Aynalem, YA, Azari, S, Babaee, E, Badawi, A, Bakkannavar, SM, Balakrishnan, S, Bali, AG, Banach, M, Barac, A, Barnighausen, TW, Basaleem, H, Bassat, Q, Bayati, M, Bedi, N, Behzadifar, M, Bekele, YA, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Reiner, RC, Wiens, KE, Deshpande, A, Baumann, MM, Lindstedt, PA, Blacker, BF, Troeger, CE, Earl, L, Munro, SB, Abate, D, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdelalim, A, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, RS, Abebe, G, Abegaz, KH, Abreu, LG, Abrigo, MRM, Accrombessi, MMK, Acharya, D, Adabi, M, Adebayo, OM, Adedoyin, RA, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, OO, Adham, D, Adhena, BM, Afarideh, M, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadi, M, Ahmed, AE, Ahmed, MB, Ahmed, R, Ajumobi, O, Akal, CG, Akalu, TY, Akanda, AS, Alamene, GM, Alanzi, TM, Albright, JR, Alcalde Rabanal, JE, Alemnew, BT, Alemu, ZA, Ali, BA, Ali, M, Alijanzadeh, M, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Almasi, A, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Amare, AT, Amini, S, Amit, AML, Andrei, CL, Anegago, MT, Anjomshoa, M, Ansari, F, Antonio, CAT, Antriyandarti, E, Appiah, SCY, Arabloo, J, Aremu, O, Armoon, B, Aryal, KK, Arzani, A, Asadi-Lari, M, Ashagre, AF, Atalay, HT, Atique, S, Atre, SR, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awasthi, A, Awoke, N, Ayala Quintanilla, BP, Ayano, G, Ayanore, MA, Ayele, AA, Aynalem, YA, Azari, S, Babaee, E, Badawi, A, Bakkannavar, SM, Balakrishnan, S, Bali, AG, Banach, M, Barac, A, Barnighausen, TW, Basaleem, H, Bassat, Q, Bayati, M, Bedi, N, Behzadifar, M, Bekele, YA, and Rahman, Muhammad Aziz

Published
2020

6. Department of Error.

Author

Reiner, RC, Wiens, KE, Deshpande, A, Baumann, MM, Lindstedt, PA, Blacker, BF, Troeger, CE, Earl, L, Munro, SB, Abate, D, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdelalim, A, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, RS, Abebe, G, Abegaz, KH, Abreu, LG, Abrigo, MRM, Accrombessi, MMK, Acharya, D, Adabi, M, Adebayo, OM, Adedoyin, RA, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, OO, Adham, D, Adhena, BM, Afarideh, M, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadi, M, Ahmed, AE, Ahmed, MB, Ahmed, R, Ajumobi, O, Akal, CG, Akalu, TY, Akanda, AS, Alamene, GM, Alanzi, TM, Albright, JR, Alcalde Rabanal, JE, Alemnew, BT, Alemu, ZA, Ali, BA, Ali, M, Alijanzadeh, M, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Almasi, A, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Amare, AT, Amini, S, Amit, AML, Andrei, CL, Anegago, MT, Anjomshoa, M, Ansari, F, Antonio, CAT, Antriyandarti, E, Appiah, SCY, Arabloo, J, Aremu, O, Armoon, B, Aryal, KK, Arzani, A, Asadi-Lari, M, Ashagre, AF, Atalay, HT, Atique, S, Atre, SR, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awasthi, A, Awoke, N, Ayala Quintanilla, BP, Ayano, G, Ayanore, MA, Ayele, AA, Aynalem, YA, Azari, S, Babaee, E, Badawi, A, Bakkannavar, SM, Balakrishnan, S, Bali, AG, Banach, M, Barac, A, Barnighausen, TW, Basaleem, H, Bassat, Q, Bayati, M, Bedi, N, Behzadifar, M, Bekele, YA, Reiner, RC, Wiens, KE, Deshpande, A, Baumann, MM, Lindstedt, PA, Blacker, BF, Troeger, CE, Earl, L, Munro, SB, Abate, D, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdelalim, A, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, RS, Abebe, G, Abegaz, KH, Abreu, LG, Abrigo, MRM, Accrombessi, MMK, Acharya, D, Adabi, M, Adebayo, OM, Adedoyin, RA, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, OO, Adham, D, Adhena, BM, Afarideh, M, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadi, M, Ahmed, AE, Ahmed, MB, Ahmed, R, Ajumobi, O, Akal, CG, Akalu, TY, Akanda, AS, Alamene, GM, Alanzi, TM, Albright, JR, Alcalde Rabanal, JE, Alemnew, BT, Alemu, ZA, Ali, BA, Ali, M, Alijanzadeh, M, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Almasi, A, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, NJ, Amare, AT, Amini, S, Amit, AML, Andrei, CL, Anegago, MT, Anjomshoa, M, Ansari, F, Antonio, CAT, Antriyandarti, E, Appiah, SCY, Arabloo, J, Aremu, O, Armoon, B, Aryal, KK, Arzani, A, Asadi-Lari, M, Ashagre, AF, Atalay, HT, Atique, S, Atre, SR, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awasthi, A, Awoke, N, Ayala Quintanilla, BP, Ayano, G, Ayanore, MA, Ayele, AA, Aynalem, YA, Azari, S, Babaee, E, Badawi, A, Bakkannavar, SM, Balakrishnan, S, Bali, AG, Banach, M, Barac, A, Barnighausen, TW, Basaleem, H, Bassat, Q, Bayati, M, Bedi, N, Behzadifar, M, and Bekele, YA

Abstract

Reiner RC Jr, Hay SI. Mapping geographical inequalities in childhood diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–17: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 2020; 395: 1779–801—In this Article, the author byline has been amended to Local Burden of Disease Diarrhoea Collaborators. This correction has been made to the online version as of June 4, 2020, and the printed version is correct.

Published
2020

7. Mapping 123 million neonatal, infant and child deaths between 2000 and 2017

Author

Burstein, R, Henry, NJ, Collison, ML, Marczak, LB, Sligar, A, Watson, S, Marquez, N, Abbasalizad-Farhangi, M, Abbasi, M, Abd-Allah, F, Abdoli, A, Abdollahi, M, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, RS, Abrigo, MRM, Acharya, D, Adebayo, OM, Adekanmbi, V, Adham, D, Afshari, M, Aghaali, M, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadi, M, Ahmadpour, E, Ahmed, R, Akal, CG, Akinyemi, JO, Alahdab, F, Alam, N, Alamene, GM, Alene, KA, Alijanzadeh, M, Alinia, C, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Almalki, MJ, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amegah, AK, Amini, S, Amit, AML, Anbari, Z, Androudi, S, Anjomshoa, M, Ansari, F, Antonio, CAT, Arabloo, J, Arefi, Z, Aremu, O, Armoon, B, Arora, A, Artaman, A, Asadi, A, Asadi-Aliabadi, M, Ashraf-Ganjouei, A, Assadi, R, Ataeinia, B, Atre, SR, Quintanilla, BPA, Ayanore, MA, Azari, S, Babaee, E, Babazadeh, A, Badawi, A, Bagheri, S, Bagherzadeh, M, Baheiraei, N, Balouchi, A, Barac, A, Bassat, Q, Baune, BT, Bayati, M, Bedi, N, Beghi, E, Behzadifar, M, Belay, YB, Bell, B, Bell, ML, Berbada, DA, Bernstein, RS, Bhattacharjee, NV, Bhattarai, S, Bhutta, ZA, Bijani, A, Bohlouli, S, Breitborde, NJK, Britton, G, Browne, AJ, Nagaraja, SB, Busse, R, Butt, ZA, Car, J, Cárdenas, R, Castañeda-Orjuela, CA, Cerin, E, Chanie, WF, Chatterjee, P, Chu, DT, Burstein, R, Henry, NJ, Collison, ML, Marczak, LB, Sligar, A, Watson, S, Marquez, N, Abbasalizad-Farhangi, M, Abbasi, M, Abd-Allah, F, Abdoli, A, Abdollahi, M, Abdollahpour, I, Abdulkader, RS, Abrigo, MRM, Acharya, D, Adebayo, OM, Adekanmbi, V, Adham, D, Afshari, M, Aghaali, M, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadi, M, Ahmadpour, E, Ahmed, R, Akal, CG, Akinyemi, JO, Alahdab, F, Alam, N, Alamene, GM, Alene, KA, Alijanzadeh, M, Alinia, C, Alipour, V, Aljunid, SM, Almalki, MJ, Al-Mekhlafi, HM, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amegah, AK, Amini, S, Amit, AML, Anbari, Z, Androudi, S, Anjomshoa, M, Ansari, F, Antonio, CAT, Arabloo, J, Arefi, Z, Aremu, O, Armoon, B, Arora, A, Artaman, A, Asadi, A, Asadi-Aliabadi, M, Ashraf-Ganjouei, A, Assadi, R, Ataeinia, B, Atre, SR, Quintanilla, BPA, Ayanore, MA, Azari, S, Babaee, E, Babazadeh, A, Badawi, A, Bagheri, S, Bagherzadeh, M, Baheiraei, N, Balouchi, A, Barac, A, Bassat, Q, Baune, BT, Bayati, M, Bedi, N, Beghi, E, Behzadifar, M, Belay, YB, Bell, B, Bell, ML, Berbada, DA, Bernstein, RS, Bhattacharjee, NV, Bhattarai, S, Bhutta, ZA, Bijani, A, Bohlouli, S, Breitborde, NJK, Britton, G, Browne, AJ, Nagaraja, SB, Busse, R, Butt, ZA, Car, J, Cárdenas, R, Castañeda-Orjuela, CA, Cerin, E, Chanie, WF, Chatterjee, P, and Chu, DT

Abstract

Since 2000, many countries have achieved considerable success in improving child survival, but localized progress remains unclear. To inform efforts towards United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3.2—to end preventable child deaths by 2030—we need consistently estimated data at the subnational level regarding child mortality rates and trends. Here we quantified, for the period 2000–2017, the subnational variation in mortality rates and number of deaths of neonates, infants and children under 5 years of age within 99 low- and middle-income countries using a geostatistical survival model. We estimated that 32% of children under 5 in these countries lived in districts that had attained rates of 25 or fewer child deaths per 1,000 live births by 2017, and that 58% of child deaths between 2000 and 2017 in these countries could have been averted in the absence of geographical inequality. This study enables the identification of high-mortality clusters, patterns of progress and geographical inequalities to inform appropriate investments and implementations that will help to improve the health of all populations.

Published
2019

8. Seroconfirmed Typhoid Fever and Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices among Febrile Patients Attending at Injibara General Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

Author

Mulu W, Akal CG, Ababu K, Getachew S, Tesfaye F, Wube A, and Chekol D

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Ethiopia epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Salmonella typhi, Typhoid Fever microbiology, Typhoid Fever prevention & control, Typhoid Fever transmission, Young Adult, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Hospitals, General, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Typhoid Fever epidemiology
Abstract

Introduction: Typhoid fever (TF) is a febrile global health problem caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi ( S. Typhi) with relatively high prevalence in low- and middle-income countries including Ethiopia. Identifying local prevalence and gaps in knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards TF is recommended by the World Health Organization to implement preventive measures. Therefore, this study determined the prevalence of S . Typhi and KAP of febrile patients towards TF in Injibara General Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia., Methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2020. A total of 237 patients were included conveniently. Data on KAP and demographic variables were collected using a structured questionnaire by face-to-face interview. After the interview, 5 ml venous blood was collected and processed using the Widal test following the manufacturer's instruction. Mean scores and percentages were used to determine the level of KAP. Multivariable analysis was done to correlate KAPs with TF. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant., Results: The overall prevalence of S . Typhi was 25.7%. The highest seroprevalence was observed among the age group of 30-34 years (33.3%) and patients with no education. The majority of participants know the major ways of TF transmission (59.1-90.7%) and prevention (81.4%) methods. However, the misconception on the route of TF transmission was observed in 13.5-36.7% of participants. About 65.4% and 67.5% of study participants were considered knowledgeable and had good preventive practice towards TF, respectively. Being a student (AOR = 0.227, CI = 0.053 - 0.965) and considering mosquito bite as transmission routes (AOR = 2.618, CI = 1.097 - 6.248) were significantly associated with TF., Conclusion: High S . Typhi prevalence was observed in the study area. Moreover, the misconception on the transmission of typhoid fever and educational level was a risk factor for TF. Thus, health facilities should incorporate topics on typhoid fever as part of their health education system within health facilities and in the community., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Wondemagegn Mulu et al.)

Published
2021
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9. Mapping 123 million neonatal, infant and child deaths between 2000 and 2017.

Author

Burstein R, Henry NJ, Collison ML, Marczak LB, Sligar A, Watson S, Marquez N, Abbasalizad-Farhangi M, Abbasi M, Abd-Allah F, Abdoli A, Abdollahi M, Abdollahpour I, Abdulkader RS, Abrigo MRM, Acharya D, Adebayo OM, Adekanmbi V, Adham D, Afshari M, Aghaali M, Ahmadi K, Ahmadi M, Ahmadpour E, Ahmed R, Akal CG, Akinyemi JO, Alahdab F, Alam N, Alamene GM, Alene KA, Alijanzadeh M, Alinia C, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Almalki MJ, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Altirkawi K, Alvis-Guzman N, Amegah AK, Amini S, Amit AML, Anbari Z, Androudi S, Anjomshoa M, Ansari F, Antonio CAT, Arabloo J, Arefi Z, Aremu O, Armoon B, Arora A, Artaman A, Asadi A, Asadi-Aliabadi M, Ashraf-Ganjouei A, Assadi R, Ataeinia B, Atre SR, Quintanilla BPA, Ayanore MA, Azari S, Babaee E, Babazadeh A, Badawi A, Bagheri S, Bagherzadeh M, Baheiraei N, Balouchi A, Barac A, Bassat Q, Baune BT, Bayati M, Bedi N, Beghi E, Behzadifar M, Behzadifar M, Belay YB, Bell B, Bell ML, Berbada DA, Bernstein RS, Bhattacharjee NV, Bhattarai S, Bhutta ZA, Bijani A, Bohlouli S, Breitborde NJK, Britton G, Browne AJ, Nagaraja SB, Busse R, Butt ZA, Car J, Cárdenas R, Castañeda-Orjuela CA, Cerin E, Chanie WF, Chatterjee P, Chu DT, Cooper C, Costa VM, Dalal K, Dandona L, Dandona R, Daoud F, Daryani A, Das Gupta R, Davis I, Davis Weaver N, Davitoiu DV, De Neve JW, Demeke FM, Demoz GT, Deribe K, Desai R, Deshpande A, Desyibelew HD, Dey S, Dharmaratne SD, Dhimal M, Diaz D, Doshmangir L, Duraes AR, Dwyer-Lindgren L, Earl L, Ebrahimi R, Ebrahimpour S, Effiong A, Eftekhari A, Ehsani-Chimeh E, El Sayed I, El Sayed Zaki M, El Tantawi M, El-Khatib Z, Emamian MH, Enany S, Eskandarieh S, Eyawo O, Ezalarab M, Faramarzi M, Fareed M, Faridnia R, Faro A, Fazaeli AA, Fazlzadeh M, Fentahun N, Fereshtehnejad SM, Fernandes JC, Filip I, Fischer F, Foigt NA, Foroutan M, Francis JM, Fukumoto T, Fullman N, Gallus S, Gebre DG, Gebrehiwot TT, Gebremeskel GG, Gessner BD, Geta B, Gething PW, Ghadimi R, Ghadiri K, Ghajarzadeh M, Ghashghaee A, Gill PS, Gill TK, Golding N, Gomes NGM, Gona PN, Gopalani SV, Gorini G, Goulart BNG, Graetz N, Greaves F, Green MS, Guo Y, Haj-Mirzaian A, Haj-Mirzaian A, Hall BJ, Hamidi S, Haririan H, Haro JM, Hasankhani M, Hasanpoor E, Hasanzadeh A, Hassankhani H, Hassen HY, Hegazy MI, Hendrie D, Heydarpour F, Hird TR, Hoang CL, Hollerich G, Rad EH, Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi M, Hossain N, Hosseini M, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Househ M, Hsairi M, Ilesanmi OS, Imani-Nasab MH, Iqbal U, Irvani SSN, Islam N, Islam SMS, Jürisson M, Balalami NJ, Jalali A, Javidnia J, Jayatilleke AU, Jenabi E, Ji JS, Jobanputra YB, Johnson K, Jonas JB, Shushtari ZJ, Jozwiak JJ, Kabir A, Kahsay A, Kalani H, Kalhor R, Karami M, Karki S, Kasaeian A, Kassebaum NJ, Keiyoro PN, Kemp GR, Khabiri R, Khader YS, Khafaie MA, Khan EA, Khan J, Khan MS, Khang YH, Khatab K, Khater A, Khater MM, Khatony A, Khazaei M, Khazaei S, Khazaei-Pool M, Khubchandani J, Kianipour N, Kim YJ, Kimokoti RW, Kinyoki DK, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kolola T, Kosen S, Koul PA, Koyanagi A, Kraemer MUG, Krishan K, Krohn KJ, Kugbey N, Kumar GA, Kumar M, Kumar P, Kuupiel D, Lacey B, Lad SD, Lami FH, Larsson AO, Lee PH, Leili M, Levine AJ, Li S, Lim LL, Listl S, Longbottom J, Lopez JCF, Lorkowski S, Magdeldin S, Abd El Razek HM, Abd El Razek MM, Majeed A, Maleki A, Malekzadeh R, Malta DC, Mamun AA, Manafi N, Manda AL, Mansourian M, Martins-Melo FR, Masaka A, Massenburg BB, Maulik PK, Mayala BK, Mazidi M, McKee M, Mehrotra R, Mehta KM, Meles GG, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Meretoja A, Meretoja TJ, Mestrovic T, Miller TR, Miller-Petrie MK, Mills EJ, Milne GJ, Mini GK, Mir SM, Mirjalali H, Mirrakhimov EM, Mohamadi E, Mohammad DK, Darwesh AM, Mezerji NMG, Mohammed AS, Mohammed S, Mokdad AH, Molokhia M, Monasta L, Moodley Y, Moosazadeh M, Moradi G, Moradi M, Moradi Y, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moradinazar M, Moraga P, Morawska L, Mosapour A, Mousavi SM, Mueller UO, Muluneh AG, Mustafa G, Nabavizadeh B, Naderi M, Nagarajan AJ, Nahvijou A, Najafi F, Nangia V, Ndwandwe DE, Neamati N, Negoi I, Negoi RI, Ngunjiri JW, Thi Nguyen HL, Nguyen LH, Nguyen SH, Nielsen KR, Ningrum DNA, Nirayo YL, Nixon MR, Nnaji CA, Nojomi M, Noroozi M, Nosratnejad S, Noubiap JJ, Motlagh SN, Ofori-Asenso R, Ogbo FA, Oladimeji KE, Olagunju AT, Olfatifar M, Olum S, Olusanya BO, Oluwasanu MM, Onwujekwe OE, Oren E, Ortega-Altamirano DDV, Ortiz A, Osarenotor O, Osei FB, Osgood-Zimmerman AE, Otstavnov SS, Owolabi MO, P A M, Pagheh AS, Pakhale S, Panda-Jonas S, Pandey A, Park EK, Parsian H, Pashaei T, Patel SK, Pepito VCF, Pereira A, Perkins S, Pickering BV, Pilgrim T, Pirestani M, Piroozi B, Pirsaheb M, Plana-Ripoll O, Pourjafar H, Puri P, Qorbani M, Quintana H, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Rafiei A, Rahim F, Rahimi Z, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahimzadeh S, Rajati F, Raju SB, Ramezankhani A, Ranabhat CL, Rasella D, Rashedi V, Rawal L, Reiner RC Jr, Renzaho AMN, Rezaei S, Rezapour A, Riahi SM, Ribeiro AI, Roever L, Roro EM, Roser M, Roshandel G, Roshani D, Rostami A, Rubagotti E, Rubino S, Sabour S, Sadat N, Sadeghi E, Saeedi R, Safari Y, Safari-Faramani R, Safdarian M, Sahebkar A, Salahshoor MR, Salam N, Salamati P, Salehi F, Zahabi SS, Salimi Y, Salimzadeh H, Salomon JA, Sambala EZ, Samy AM, Santric Milicevic MM, Jose BPS, Saraswathy SYI, Sarmiento-Suárez R, Sartorius B, Sathian B, Saxena S, Sbarra AN, Schaeffer LE, Schwebel DC, Sepanlou SG, Seyedmousavi S, Shaahmadi F, Shaikh MA, Shams-Beyranvand M, Shamshirian A, Shamsizadeh M, Sharafi K, Sharif M, Sharif-Alhoseini M, Sharifi H, Sharma J, Sharma R, Sheikh A, Shields C, Shigematsu M, Shiri R, Shiue I, Shuval K, Siddiqi TJ, Silva JP, Singh JA, Sinha DN, Sisay MM, Sisay S, Sliwa K, Smith DL, Somayaji R, Soofi M, Soriano JB, Sreeramareddy CT, Sudaryanto A, Sufiyan MB, Sykes BL, Sylaja PN, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabb KM, Tabuchi T, Taveira N, Temsah MH, Terkawi AS, Tessema ZT, Thankappan KR, Thirunavukkarasu S, To QG, Tovani-Palone MR, Tran BX, Tran KB, Ullah I, Usman MS, Uthman OA, Vahedian-Azimi A, Valdez PR, van Boven JFM, Vasankari TJ, Vasseghian Y, Veisani Y, Venketasubramanian N, Violante FS, Vladimirov SK, Vlassov V, Vos T, Vu GT, Vujcic IS, Waheed Y, Wakefield J, Wang H, Wang Y, Wang YP, Ward JL, Weintraub RG, Weldegwergs KG, Weldesamuel GT, Westerman R, Wiysonge CS, Wondafrash DZ, Woyczynski L, Wu AM, Xu G, Yadegar A, Yamada T, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Yilgwan CS, Yip P, Yonemoto N, Lebni JY, Younis MZ, Yousefifard M, Yousof HSA, Yu C, Yusefzadeh H, Zabeh E, Moghadam TZ, Bin Zaman S, Zamani M, Zandian H, Zangeneh A, Zerfu TA, Zhang Y, Ziapour A, Zodpey S, Murray CJL, and Hay SI

Subjects
Child, Geography, Global Health, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Organizational Objectives, Public Health, Socioeconomic Factors, United Nations, Child Mortality trends, Infant Mortality trends
Abstract

Since 2000, many countries have achieved considerable success in improving child survival, but localized progress remains unclear. To inform efforts towards United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3.2-to end preventable child deaths by 2030-we need consistently estimated data at the subnational level regarding child mortality rates and trends. Here we quantified, for the period 2000-2017, the subnational variation in mortality rates and number of deaths of neonates, infants and children under 5 years of age within 99 low- and middle-income countries using a geostatistical survival model. We estimated that 32% of children under 5 in these countries lived in districts that had attained rates of 25 or fewer child deaths per 1,000 live births by 2017, and that 58% of child deaths between 2000 and 2017 in these countries could have been averted in the absence of geographical inequality. This study enables the identification of high-mortality clusters, patterns of progress and geographical inequalities to inform appropriate investments and implementations that will help to improve the health of all populations.

Published
2019
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10. Status of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) Services Utilization and Factors Affecting PMTCT Service Uptake by Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinic in Selected Health Facilities of Afar Regional State, Ethiopia.

Author

Akal CG and Afework DT

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Ethiopia, Female, Humans, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical prevention & control, Pregnant Women, Young Adult, Ambulatory Care Facilities statistics & numerical data, Facilities and Services Utilization statistics & numerical data, Health Personnel statistics & numerical data, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical statistics & numerical data, Prenatal Care statistics & numerical data
Abstract

Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is the predominant way for children to acquire human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection worldwide including Ethiopia. Thus, objective of this study was to determine the status of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services utilization and factors affecting PMTCT utilization in health facilities of Afar region, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2014 to April 2015 taking 347 pregnant women and 22 health care providers. Data were collected using a questioner prepared separately for pregnant women and health care providers involved in PMTCT service delivery. Data were analyzed using SPSS considering P value <0.05 statistical significant. The study indicated that the PMTCT service utilization was 67.7%. The study also showed that there is statistically significant association in using PMTCT service with women education level, monthly income, and residence around PMTCT site. Though not statistically significant, excess waiting time, limited physical access to PMTCT sites, and transportation problem were identified as barriers for PMTCT service utilization by pregnant women. Though knowledge of mothers on MTCT of HIV and PMTCT service utilization in agropostural community of Afar region was promising, there were also different barriers identified hindering PMTCT utilization. Thus, we recommend "Wored" and zonal health office to create awareness on significance of PMTCT service in the community, enhance accessibility of PMTCT sites, provide up-to-date trainings for health care providers, and ensure constant supply for PMTCT service.

Published
2018
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