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Microstrip patch antennas are used in satellite imaging systems, wireless communication equipment, military radios, GPS (Global Positioning System) and GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) applications. Its advantages are its small size and light weight, thin structure, low power consumption, use in dual frequency applications, and patching in various geometric shapes. Developing technology has facilitated and accelerated the production of microstrip antennas. In this study, microstrip antenna design operating at 10 GHz frequency for X band applications has been made. X band is used for air traffic control, weather traffic control, vessel traffic control, defense tracking and vehicle speed detection, terrestrial communications and networking, space communications and amateur radio. HFSS program was used in antenna design. AWR program was used to find transmission line parameters. In addition, MATLAB program was used to calculate some parameters. First of all, information is given about the working principle of the antenna, the selected dielectric layer and the working frequency. Schematic drawings of the designed antenna were made from above and from the side. S11 reflection coefficient magnitude graphs are drawn below and above the operating frequency. The radiation pattern is drawn for the E-plane and H-plane at the operating frequency. 3-D (dimensional) plot of antenna gain at operating frequency is drawn. The simulations performed have shown that the designed antenna works successfully.

The new innovations in software , sensor technologies have facilitated the production of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and expanded their area of use. Quadrotor UAVs are employed in a wide range of fields such as disaster relief, search and rescue, surveillance, mining, firefighting, crop dusting, product delivery, counterterrorism and photography. In order for the quadrotor to carry out these missions successfully, it must have a robust control structure. In this paper, a robust backstepping controller design that is resistant to pink noise and sinusoidal disturbance is proposed. Background noise in electronic devices is known as pink noise. The design of the background noise-tolerant controller is important as it improves the quadrotor's reference tracking performance. In the framework of this analysis, sinusoidal disturbance and pink noise were applied to the control structure of the selected quadrotor and its reference tracking performance was analysed. With the purpose of highlighting the superior features of the proposed backstepping control technique, the simulations that were carried out also involved the use of a PID controller and of a Lyapunov-based controller , the results obtained for these controllers were compared with those obtained for the backstepping controller. As such, the time responses (rise time, settling time and overshoot) for the backstepping, PID and Lyapunov-based controllers were analysed. The obtained outcomes proved the superiority of the backstepping control design.

The new innovations in software , sensor technologies have facilitated the production of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and expanded their area of use. Quadrotor UAVs are employed in a wide range of fields such as disaster relief, search and rescue, surveillance, mining, firefighting, crop dusting, product delivery, counterterrorism and photography. In order for the quadrotor to carry out these missions successfully, it must have a robust control structure. In this paper, a robust backstepping controller design that is resistant to pink noise and sinusoidal disturbance is proposed. Background noise in electronic devices is known as pink noise. The design of the background noise-tolerant controller is important as it improves the quadrotor's reference tracking performance. In the framework of this analysis, sinusoidal disturbance and pink noise were applied to the control structure of the selected quadrotor and its reference tracking performance was analysed. With the purpose of highlighting the superior features of the proposed backstepping control technique, the simulations that were carried out also involved the use of a PID controller and of a Lyapunov-based controller , the results obtained for these controllers were compared with those obtained for the backstepping controller. As such, the time responses (rise time, settling time and overshoot) for the backstepping, PID and Lyapunov-based controllers were analysed. The obtained outcomes proved the superiority of the backstepping control design.

Projenin amacı, Standart Model?in (SM) çözümleyemediği problemlere çözüm sağlayabileceği düşünülen maddenin yeni yapı düzeyi (preonlar) ile ilgili ülkemizde üst düzey araştırmaların yapılmasını sağlamaktır. Proje kapsamında preon modellerinin öngördüğü yeni parçacıkların ve etkileşmelerin sistematiği oluşturuldu. Yeni parçacıkları ve bunların etkileşmelerini içeren süreçler belirlendi ve bu süreçlerle ilgili hesaplamalar yapıldı. Bu parçacıkların mevcut ve planlanan çarpıştırıcılarda gözlemlenme imkanları araştırıldı ve yeni preonik model geliştirildi. Preonik modellerin öngördükleri renk sekizlisi elektron ve müonların, uyarılmış kuark, müon ve nötrinoların TeV enerjili çarpıştırıcılarda (LHC, FCC, SppC, FCC/SppC temelli ep ve µp çarpıştırıcıları) gözlenebilmesi ile ilgili araştırmalar yapıldı. TeV enerjili çarpıştırıcılarda yeni parçacıkların üretiminin incelenmesi için CompHEP, CalcHEP, MadGraph, Pythia simulasyon programları kullanıldı. Ayrıca üretilen parçacıklar Delphes dedektör simülasyon programlarından geçirilerek bu parçacıkların dedektör içindeki davranışları incelendi. Proje kapsamında elde edilen sonuçlar: Yeni minimal fermiyon-skaler preon modeli geliştirildi. Fermiyon-skaler ve üç fermiyon modellerinin süpersimetrik genişletilmeleri irdelendi. FCC/SppC temelinde kurulabilecek enerji öncephesi ep ve µp çarpıştırıcılarının ana parametreleri belirlendi. Preonik modellerin öngördüğü bazı parçacıkların TeV enerjili çarpıştırıcılarda üretimi karşılaştırılmalı olarak incelendi. FCC/SppC temelli ep ve µp çarpıştırıcılarının preon modellerinin irdelenmesi açısından önemli bir potansiyele sahip oldukları gösterildi.

Projenin amacı, Standart Model?in (SM) çözümleyemediği problemlere çözüm sağlayabileceği düşünülen maddenin yeni yapı düzeyi (preonlar) ile ilgili ülkemizde üst düzey araştırmaların yapılmasını sağlamaktır. Proje kapsamında preon modellerinin öngördüğü yeni parçacıkların ve etkileşmelerin sistematiği oluşturuldu. Yeni parçacıkları ve bunların etkileşmelerini içeren süreçler belirlendi ve bu süreçlerle ilgili hesaplamalar yapıldı. Bu parçacıkların mevcut ve planlanan çarpıştırıcılarda gözlemlenme imkanları araştırıldı ve yeni preonik model geliştirildi. Preonik modellerin öngördükleri renk sekizlisi elektron ve müonların, uyarılmış kuark, müon ve nötrinoların TeV enerjili çarpıştırıcılarda (LHC, FCC, SppC, FCC/SppC temelli ep ve µp çarpıştırıcıları) gözlenebilmesi ile ilgili araştırmalar yapıldı. TeV enerjili çarpıştırıcılarda yeni parçacıkların üretiminin incelenmesi için CompHEP, CalcHEP, MadGraph, Pythia simulasyon programları kullanıldı. Ayrıca üretilen parçacıklar Delphes dedektör simülasyon programlarından geçirilerek bu parçacıkların dedektör içindeki davranışları incelendi. Proje kapsamında elde edilen sonuçlar: Yeni minimal fermiyon-skaler preon modeli geliştirildi. Fermiyon-skaler ve üç fermiyon modellerinin süpersimetrik genişletilmeleri irdelendi. FCC/SppC temelinde kurulabilecek enerji öncephesi ep ve µp çarpıştırıcılarının ana parametreleri belirlendi. Preonik modellerin öngördüğü bazı parçacıkların TeV enerjili çarpıştırıcılarda üretimi karşılaştırılmalı olarak incelendi. FCC/SppC temelli ep ve µp çarpıştırıcılarının preon modellerinin irdelenmesi açısından önemli bir potansiyele sahip oldukları gösterildi.

In this study we investigated indirect manifestations of color octet electron at the next-generation linear colliders: International Linear Collider (ILC) and Compact Linear Collider (CLIC). Namely, production of two gluons via color octet electron exchange is considered. Signal and background analysis have been performed taking into account initial state radiation and Beamstrahlung. We show that color octet electron (e(8)) manifestation will be seen upto M(e8) =1.75TeV and 1.70 TeV at ILC and CLIC with root s=0.5TeV, respectively. CLIC with root s=3TeV will be sensitive upto M(e8) =6.88 TeV. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2011

IceCube collaboration has published two papers on ultrahigh energy neutrinos observation, recently. They have used the data collected in two years in their first publication, which reveals observation of 2 PeV energy neutrino events. The second publication of the collaboration including more data has also confirmed main features of the former paper. In literature, various interpretations of the IceCube data have been proposed. In this study, it is shown that PeV energy neutrino events observed by the IceCube collaboration can be interpreted as resonance production of color octet neutrinos with masses in 500-800 GeV range.

[No abstract available]

[No abstract available]

IceCube collaboration has published two papers on ultrahigh energy neutrinos observation, recently. They have used the data collected in two years in their first publication, which reveals observation of 2 PeV energy neutrino events. The second publication of the collaboration including more data has also confirmed main features of the former paper. In literature, various interpretations of the IceCube data have been proposed. In this study, it is shown that PeV energy neutrino events observed by the IceCube collaboration can be interpreted as resonance production of color octet neutrinos with masses in 500-800 GeV range.

There are three possible types of particle colliders schemes: familiar (well-known) ring-ring colliders, less familiar but sufficiently advanced linear colliders, and less familiar and less advanced linac-ring-type colliders. The aim of this paper is twofold: to present a possibly complete list of papers on linac-ring-type collider proposals and to emphasize the role of linac-ring-type machines for future HEP research.

We review the physics opportunities of the Future Circular Collider, covering its e+e-, pp, ep and heavy ion programmes. We describe the measurement capabilities of each FCC component, addressing the study of electroweak, Higgs and strong interactions, the top quark and flavour, as well as phenomena beyond the Standard Model. We highlight the synergy and complementarity of the different colliders, which will contribute to a uniquely coherent and ambitious research programme, providing an unmatchable combination of precision and sensitivity to new physics. © 2019, The Author(s).

In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics, the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study was launched, as an international collaboration hosted by CERN. This study covers a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee) and an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), which could, successively, be installed in the same 100 km tunnel. The scientific capabilities of the integrated FCC programme would serve the worldwide community throughout the 21st century. The FCC study also investigates an LHC energy upgrade, using FCC-hh technology. This document constitutes the second volume of the FCC Conceptual Design Report, devoted to the electron-positron collider FCC-ee. After summarizing the physics discovery opportunities, it presents the accelerator design, performance reach, a staged operation scenario, the underlying technologies, civil engineering, technical infrastructure, and an implementation plan. FCC-ee can be built with today’s technology. Most of the FCC-ee infrastructure could be reused for FCC-hh. Combining concepts from past and present lepton colliders and adding a few novel elements, the FCC-ee design promises outstandingly high luminosity. This will make the FCC-ee a unique precision instrument to study the heaviest known particles (Z, W and H bosons and the top quark), offering great direct and indirect sensitivity to new physics. © 2019, The Author(s).

In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (EPPSU), the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study was launched as a world-wide international collaboration hosted by CERN. The FCC study covered an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee), the corresponding 100 km tunnel infrastructure, as well as the physics opportunities of these two colliders, and a high-energy LHC, based on FCC-hh technology. This document constitutes the third volume of the FCC Conceptual Design Report, devoted to the hadron collider FCC-hh. It summarizes the FCC-hh physics discovery opportunities, presents the FCC-hh accelerator design, performance reach, and staged operation plan, discusses the underlying technologies, the civil engineering and technical infrastructure, and also sketches a possible implementation. Combining ingredients from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the high-luminosity LHC upgrade and adding novel technologies and approaches, the FCC-hh design aims at significantly extending the energy frontier to 100 TeV. Its unprecedented centre of-mass collision energy will make the FCC-hh a unique instrument to explore physics beyond the Standard Model, offering great direct sensitivity to new physics and discoveries. © 2019, The Author(s).

Resonant production of excited u and d quarks at the Future Circular Collider and Super Proton-Proton Collider has been researched. Dominant jet-jet decay mode has been considered. It is shown that FCC and SppC have great potential for discovery of excited u (d) quark: up to 44.1 (36.3) and 58.4 (47.8) TeV masses, respectively. For degenerate case (Mu? = Md?), these values are 45.9 and 60.9 TeV, respectively. This discovery will also afford an opportunity to determine the compositeness scale up to multi-PeV level. © 2019 Ahmet Nuri Akay et al.

We review the physics opportunities of the Future Circular Collider, covering its e+e-, pp, ep and heavy ion programmes. We describe the measurement capabilities of each FCC component, addressing the study of electroweak, Higgs and strong interactions, the top quark and flavour, as well as phenomena beyond the Standard Model. We highlight the synergy and complementarity of the different colliders, which will contribute to a uniquely coherent and ambitious research programme, providing an unmatchable combination of precision and sensitivity to new physics. © 2019, The Author(s).