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Pembuatan minuman ching jae dilakukan dengan pencampuran ekstrak cair dari jahe, secang dan kayu manis. Proses selanjutnya adalah ditambahkan gula pada campuran ekstrak cair tersebut dan dilakukan proses kristalisasi. Senyawa aktif pada bahan tersebut bersifat labil terhadap panas sehingga diperlukan kondisi ekstraksi yang dapat mempertahankan senyawa aktifnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan formulasi minuman ching jae dengan sifat fisik, kimia dan organoleptik terbaik. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan dua faktor, yaitu konsentrasi sari yang jahe (35%, 37,5% dan 40%) dan konsentrasi ekstrak secang (10%, 12,5% dan 15%). Proses pembuatan ching jae dilakukan dengan ekstraksi sari jahe dengan penggilingan dan ekstraksi secang dan kayu manis melalui proses perebusan pada suhu 100°C selama 45 menit. Ekstrak jahe, secang dan kayu manis yang telah didapat kemudian digunakan untuk proses formulasi. Larutan hasil formulasi kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam alat pemasakan dengan penambahan gula 500 g selanjutnya dilakukan proses kristalisasi. Bubuk tersebut kemudian diayak dengan ayakan 30 mesh. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi warna, pH, total fenol, antioksidan dan total padatan terlarut (TPT). Analisis sensori meliputi warna, aroma dan rasa. Formulasi terbaik ditentukan dengan Multiple Atribute Test (Zelleny). Penelitian ini menghasilkan formulasi terbaik pada konsentrasi jahe 40% dan secang 5%. Minuman ching jae perlakuan terbaik memiliki nilai L 39,55; a 35,48; b 35,12; total fenol 342,30 mg GAE/g; aktivitas antioksidan (IC50) 167,13 ppm; TPT 14,50 OBrix; pH 7,13. Kesukaan terhadap warna 4,65/5; aroma 3,90/5 dan rasa sebesar 4,20/5.

Sari tebu memiliki kandungan sukrosa dan membuatnya mudah mengalami kerusakan akibat aktivitas mikroorganisme, sehingga perlu dilakukan proses pengolahan dengan pemanasan. Di sisi lain, sari tebu juga dapat mengalami kerusakan akibat proses pengolahan yaitu reaksi pencoklatan non enzimatis (karamelisasi), sehingga perlu dilakukan optimasi pada proses pemanasan dengan Response Surface Methodology. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui suhu dan waktu yang optimum pada proses pemanasan sehingga didapat sari tebu dengan profil warna yang optimum sehingga didapatkan suhu dan waktu pemanasan yang optimal untuk mencegah kerusakan akibat aktivitas mikroorganisme dan kerusakan akibat proses pengolahan. Hasil optimasi yang didapat pada proses pemanasan sari tebu yaitu pada suhu pemanasan 85OC dan waktu pemanasan 1 menit. Sari tebu dengan perlakuan optimum mempunyai total sukrosa sebesar 12.86%; kadar air sebesar 87.13%; %brix sebesar 12.87%; gula reduksi sebesar 1.53% dan Total Plate Count sebesar 8.53 x 106 koloni/ml.

Kencur can grow well in the lowlands or upper lands with loose soil which does not contain much air. The quality of yield of kencur rhizome is determined by its maturity level. An addition of sulfur and the provision of shading could increase the quality and yield of rhizome. The purpose of this study was to study and determine the response of two accessions to the application of sulfur fertilizer and different shade treatments in increasing yield and quality of the rhizome. The research was conducted from December 2020 to June 2021 in Jatikerto Agro Techno Park of Brawijaya University, Malang. A split-split-plot design was used in this study. The design consisted of main plots at 25% and 50% shades, subplots: Banyuwangi and Blitar accessions, and sub-subplots: 0, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1 MgSO4. The yields obtained indicated that there were interactions between treatments that occured in dry weight parameters of the rhizome, total plants and kencur productivity. By contrast, other treatments such as fresh weight only interacted in the treatment of accession and sulfur fertilizers without the presence of shade treatment. In both accesions, an increase in sulfur fertilizer doses could increase the percentage of total antioxidant activity. However, the antioxidant content was higher at 25% shade compared to that at 50% shade. The dose of sulfur fertilizer at both the shade and accession used was able to increase ethyl p-methoxycinnamate content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, Haar wavelet benefits are applied to the optimal control of linear time-delay systems. A discretized form of optimal control problem at collocation points based on some useful properties of Haar wavelets transforms original problem into a nonlinear programming (NLP). The given numerical examples show the accuracy of the presented scheme in comparison with some other methods.

Local dark matter density, ρdm, is one of the crucial astrophysical inputs for the estimation of detection rates in dark matter direct search experi- ments. Knowing the value also helps us to investigate the shape of the Galactic dark halo, which is of importance for indirect dark matter searches, as well as for various studies in astrophysics and cosmology. In this work, we performed kinematics study of stars in the solar neighborhood to determine the local dark matter density. As tracers we used 95,543 K-dwarfs from Gaia DR2 inside a heliocentric cylinder with a radius of 150 pc and height 200 pc above and below the Galactic mid plane. Their positions and motions were analyzed, assum- ing that the Galaxy is axisymmetric and the tracers are in dynamical equilib- rium. We applied Jeans and Poisson equations to relate the observed quantities, i.e. vertical position and velocity, with the local dark matter density. The tilt term in the Jeans equation is considered to be small and is therefore neglected. Galactic disk is modelled to consist of a single exponential stellar disk, a thin gas layer, and dark matter whose density is constant within the volume consid- ered. Marginalization for the free parameters was performed with Bayesian theorem using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. We find that ρdm = 0.0116 ± 0.0012 MO/pc or ρdm = 0.439 ± 0.046 GeV/cm3, in agreement within the range of uncertainty with results of several previous studies.

Background Delayed enhancement (DE) on magnetic resonance imaging is associated with ventricular arrhythmias, adverse events, and worse left ventricular mechanics. We investigated the impact of DE on cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) outcomes and the effect of CRT optimization. Methods and Results We studied 130 patients with ejection fraction (EF) ≤40% and QRS ≥120 ms, contrast cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and both pre‐ and 1‐year post‐CRT echocardiograms. Sixty‐three (48%) patients did not have routine optimization of CRT. The remaining patients were optimized for wavefront fusion by 12‐lead ECG. The primary end point in this study was change in EF following CRT. To investigate the association between electrical dyssynchrony and EF outcomes, the standard deviation of activation times from body‐surface mapping was calculated during native conduction and selected device settings in 52 of the optimized patients. Patients had no DE (n=45), midwall septal stripe (n=30), or scar (n=55). Patients without DE had better ∆EF (13±10 versus 4±10 units; P

Kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.) widely cultivated in shaded dry land because it is one of the plants with a good level of tolerance to shade. The low sunlight intensity will have an impact on the low nutrient uptake because transpiration will be reduced, so the kencur plant needs more nutrients in the soil, particularly potassium. The study aim to investigate the influence of shade and potassium fertilizer in Kaempferia galanga plant. The experimental farm of Agro Techno Park, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya, Jatikerto Village served as the site of this study from October 2021 to May 2022. Three replications of a split-split plot were used in this study. The two shade levels that make up the main plot are (N25) for 25% shade and (N50) for 50% shade. The subplots is potassium fertilizer doses with four levels, namely (K0) fertilizer 0 kg ha-1 K²O; (K120) Fertilizer 120 kg ha-1 K²O; (K180) Fertilizer 180 kg ha-1 K²O; and (K240) Fertilizer 240 kg ha-1 K²O. The sub-plots consist of 2 accessions (A1) Lumajang and (A2) Nganjuk. The parameters that are divided up include chemical content analysis, yield parameters, and shade observation. According to the findings, kencur plants produced their highest yields in 50% shade. Based on the highest EPMC value content, the treatment of 50% shade and application of potassium fertilizer at a dose of 240 kg ha-1 also demonstrated the best quality of kencur. The results also indicate that the Lumajang accession has lower yields than the Nganjuk accession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was done to identify the usefulness of clinico-physiological and haematobiochemical effects of total intravenous anaesthesia affected by combination of diazepam-propofol-ketamine with constant rate of infusion in goats undergoing orthopedic surgery (bone plating). Five goats having metatarsal and metacarpal fracture were included in the study. The animals were sedated with diazepam @ 0.25 mg/kg inducted with ketamine and propofol at the dose rate of 2.0 mg/kg each and maintained with diazepam, ketamine and propofol at the dose rate of 0.02 mg/kg/hr, 2.40 mg/kg/hr and 0.96 mg/kg/hr, respectively after using volumetric syringe driving pump. The clinico-physiological and haematobiochemical parameters of above said animals were recorded at 0 min before sedation (baseline), 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60 and 120 minutes after induction of anaesthesia (Indoor Surgery Clinic, Department of Veterinary Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, Pakistan). A score of (1.00±0.00) for the anesthetic parameters was observed, indicating a smooth induction, good muscular relaxation, and easy recovery at various time intervals following therapy compared to baseline before induction: the heart rate, respiration rate, rectal temperature, blood pressure, and oxygen haemoglobin saturation were substantially different (p<0.05). Throughout the observation period, there were non-significant differences in the packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration, leukocyte, granulocyte, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts (p>0.05). At various points during the observation period: the levels of serum glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and cortisol varied considerably (p>0.05) in comparison to 0 minutes (the baseline) prior to the induction of anesthesia. It was determined that goats underwent complete intravenous anaesthesia caused by a mixture of diazepam, propofol, and ketamine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Road Traffic and Transportation Regulations are a condition of traffic that takes place regularly in accordance with the rights and obligations of each Road User. In this modern era, it is not difficult to do something related to transportation, with an online-based mobile application, it can make it easier for people to access online-based motorcycle taxis. This paper discusses how to implement Article 283 of Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation in the City of Gorontalo. This study uses empirical legal research methods which are conducted by collecting data through observation and interviews. The results of this study indicate that the application of Article 283 of Law Number 22 of 2009 to online motorcycle taxi drivers who use mobile phones in Gorontalo City is still not effective. It can be seen from the widespread use of mobile phones while driving on the road, the Gorontalo Police Traffic Unit has taken action and also socialized several motorists who use mobile phones while driving, but this is still being done by online motorcycle taxi drivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aim to evaluate the protective effect of silymarin on sodium fluoride-induced oxidative stress in rat cardiac tissues. Animals were pretreated with silymarin at 20 and 10 mg/kg prior to sodium fluoride consumption (600 ppm through drinking water). Vitamin C at 10 mg/kg was used as standard antioxidant. There was a significant increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level (59.36 ± 2.19 nmol MDA eq/g tissue) along with a decrease in antioxidant enzymes activity (64.27 ± 1.98 U/g tissue for superoxide dismutase activity and 29.17 ± 1.01 µmol/min/mg protein for catalase activity) and reduced glutathione level (3.8 ± 0.15 µg/mg protein) in the tissues homogenates of the sodium fluoride-intoxicated rats. Silymarin administration to animals before sodium fluoride consumption modified the levels of biochemical parameters.Este estudo objetiva avaliar o efeito protetor da silimarina em fluoreto de sódio induzida por estresse oxidativo em tecido cardíaco de ratos. Os animais foram pré-tratados com silimarina a 20 e 10 mg/kg antes do consumo de fluoreto de sódio (600 ppm através da água de beber). A vitamina C a 10 mg/kg foi utilizada como antioxidante padrão. Houve um aumento significativo no nível de substâncias tiobarbitúrico reativo de ácido (59,36 ± 2.19 nmol MDA eq/g tecido), juntamente com uma diminuição da atividade de enzimas antioxidantes (64,27 ± 1,98 U/g tecido para a atividade de superóxido dismutase e 29,7 ± 1,01 mmol/min/mg de proteína para a atividade da catalase) e nível de glutationa reduzida (3,8 ± 0,15 mg/mg de proteína) nos homogeneizados de tecidos dos fluoreto de sódio-intoxicados ratos. Administração de silimarina a animais, antes do consumo de fluoreto de sódio modifou os níveis de parâmetros bioquímicos.