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Copyright of International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Pure Sciences is the property of Marmara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Activated carbon is a porous material with a wide range of applications. Activated carbons derived from natural and agricultural sources are more cost effective and sustainable. Therefore, studies on activated carbons synthesized from biomass have increased. The aim of this study was to utilize waste resources such as hazelnut meal and waste coffee grounds as activated carbon. Activated carbons with impregnation ratios of 2:1, 3:1 and carbonization temperatures of 400°C, 500°C, 600°C were prepared from hazelnut bagasse and coffee waste by chemical activation with ZnCl2. BET, SEM-EDS and FTIR analyses were performed to determine the surface properties of the activated carbons. The highest surface area of 846 m²/g was obtained in activated carbons obtained from hazelnut bagasse at 3:1 impregnation ratio and 500°C temperature. The largest total pore volume was obtained as 0.645 cm³/g. The highest surface area of 747.5 m²/g was obtained for the coffee waste activated carbons at 3:1 impregnation ratio and 500 °C temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Granül aktif karbon (GAK), gaz ve sıvı akımlardan kirleticileri uzaklaştırmak için uygulanan adsorpsiyon proseslerinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Karbon bazlı adsorbentlerin yeniden kullanılabilirliği adsorpsiyon prosesinin teknik ve ekonomik anlamda yaygınlaşmasını sağlar. Ancak doygunluk sonrası bertarafla ilgili yüksek maliyetler ve çevresel sorunlar nedeniyle uygulama sınırlıdır. Doymuş GAK’in hizmet ömrünün uzatılması için uzun adsorpsiyon döngülerine imkan tanıyan, düşük maliyette, karbon kaybı minimum seviyede olan ve çevresel etkiyi en aza indiren farklı rejenerasyon teknikleri belirlenmiştir. Bu teknikler, iki ayrı yolla gerçekleştirilebilir: yalnızca aktif karbonda adsorbe edilen kirleticilerin desorpsiyonuna dayalı veya bu kirleticilerin ayrışmasına dayanan rejenerasyon. Genel olarak rejenerasyon metotları termal, kimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik olarak sınıflandırılmaktadır. Yeni geliştirilen rejenerasyon metotları, enerji verimliliği, seçiciliği, düşük maliyeti ve çevresel uyumluluğu açısından daha çok tercih edilmektedir. Ayrıca, yeni geliştirilen rejenerasyon metotları ile tükenmiş aktif karbonun rejenerasyonu yerinde yapılabilmektedir. Bu durum önemli avantaj sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada doymuş GAK'lerin rejenerasyonu ile ilgili literatür gözden geçirilmiş ve umut verici teknikler vurgulanmıştır.

Copyright of Journal of Polytechnic is the property of Journal of Polytechnic and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The effective removal of heavy metals from water sources is of paramount importance due to their detrimental effects on the environment and human health. In this study, we present a sustainable approach to address this issue by valorizing agricultural waste in the form of pomegranate peel for the synthesis of an activated carbon-based hybrid composite. The pomegranate peel-derived activated carbon exhibited high removal capacities for Pb2+ and Ca2+ ions, with maximum elimination achieved at pH 7 within a pH range of 3 to 11. The adsorption process reached equilibrium in 30 minutes, resulting in remarkable removal efficiencies of 80.3% for Pb2+ and 74.3% for Cd2+. These findings highlight the successful synthesis and characterization of pomegranate peel-derived activated carbon as a promising and environmentally friendly solution for the sustainable removal of heavy metals, emphasizing the significance of agricultural waste valorization in mitigating water contamination.

İnşaat sektörünün malzemeye olan talebi her geçen gün artmakta ve kullanım yerindeki ihtiyaçları sürekli çeşitlenmektedir. Malzemelerin kullanım yerinde dayanıklılığının fazla olması, uzun süre kullanım sağlaması ayrıca kullanım ömrünü tamamladıktan sonra çevreye zararlı atık yükü oluşturmaması önem taşımaktadır. Odun-çimento kompozit levhalar, reçine esaslı levhalarla karşılaştırıldığında, yangına karşı yüksek mukavemet, yüksek yalıtım, mantar ve böceklere karşı yüksek direnç özellikleri göstermesi nedeniyle üstünlük sağlamaktadır. Yapılan çalışmada, %15 ve %25 oranlarında kavak odunu yongası ve katkı maddesi olarak aktif odun karbonu %2.5, %5 ve %10 oranlarında eklenerek çimentolu yonga levhalar elde edilmiş ve üretilen levhalar üzerinde hem hammadde miktarının hem de farklı oranlarda kullanılan aktif odun karbonu katkısının teknolojik özellikleri üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Her bir levha parametresi üzerinde tam kuru yoğunluk, hava kurusu yoğunluk, su alma (2 saat ve 24 saat), kalınlığına şişme (2 saat ve 24 saat), eğilme direnci, eğilmede elastikiyet modülü, çivi ve vida tutma dirençleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, odun hammaddesi miktarı arttıkça, tam kuru ve hava kurusu yoğunluk değerinin azaldığı, su alma ve kalınlığına şişme miktarının yükseldiği belirlenmiştir. Levhalar içerisinde aktif karbon miktarı arttıkça, yoğunluk değerinin azaldığı, su alma miktarının arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Odun yongası miktarının azalması tüm direnç değerlerinin artmasına ve aktif karbon miktarının artması vida ve çivi tutma direnci, eğilme direnci, eğilmede elastikiyet modülü değerini arttırdığı tespit edilmiştir.

In this study, the removal of heavy metals Pb(II), Cr(III), Zn(II) and Co(II) in wastewater with activated carbon (KB-A) obtained by boric acid impregnation to poplar sawdust (K-S) grown in the Van region was investigated. The parameters affecting adsorption were examined and optimum values were determined. For this purpose, the effects of different parameters such as solution pH, KB-A dosage, contact time and metal concentration were studied for their effects on the removal of heavy metals. As a result of the adsorption process, It was observed that the adsorption of all metals decreased with increasing temperature. The adsorption process was found to follow the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The maximum adsorption capacity values were determined as 30.89 mg g-1 for Cr(III), 30.49 mg g-1 for Pb(II), 30.30 mg g-1 for Zn(II) and 27.70 mg g-1 for Co(II). According to the thermodynamic parameter results, the adsorption process was spontaneous, and the reaction followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The KB-A adsorption ability showed a trend ordered from large to small as Cr(III)˃ Pb(II) ˃Zn(II) ˃ Co(II). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water-insoluble p(AETAC)/AC composite hydrogels containing quaternary ammonium were prepared by free-radical polymerisation method with [2-(Acryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (AETAC) and activated carbon (AC). The composite hydrogel was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) methods. In addition, the swelling behavior of p(AETAC)/AC composite hydrogels containing 50 mg, 75 mg, 100 mg, and 150 mg AC in deionized water was investigated. The swelling capacity of the p(AETAC)/AC75 composite hydrogel containing 75 mg AC in various waters was determined. Initial dye concentration, contact time, pH of dye solution, amount of adsorbent, and temperature parameters affecting MO adsorption of p(AETAC)/AC75 composite hydrogel were investigated. The obtained adsorption data agree with the Langmuir isotherm model and the PFO kinetic model. It was determined that the maximum adsorption ability of p(AETAC)/AC75 composite hydrogel according to Langmuir isotherm was 909.09 mg/g. ΔH° and ΔS° values for the adsorption of MO dye-stuff of p(AETAC)/AC75 composite hydrogel were calculated as 22.25 ± 1.43 and 85.40 ± 4.60, respectively. In addition, the value of ΔG° less than zero at four different temperatures indicates that the dye adsorption is spontaneous. According to all the data obtained, p(AETAC)/AC75 composite hydrogel can be considered a promising candidate for the removal of anionic dyestuffs from water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tea facility waste is the organic waste left over from the tea processed in the factory. Tens of thousands of tons of tea facility waste are consist every year during tea production in factories in the Black Sea Region. In this study, activated carbon has been carried produce by hydrothermal method using tea facility wastes provided from Rize-ÇAYKUR facilities. For this purpose, the samples were processed at different times and temperatures in a hydrothermal device (HTC) both activating agent using and without using an activating agent. SEM, EDX, BET and methylene blue absorption analysis of the obtained samples carried. According to the BET analysis results of the samples obtained from the experiments carried out without using an activating agent, the surface area of the sample processed at 100oC for 8 hours was obtained as 2,13 m²/gr. The BET surface area of the samples activated after hydrothermal carbonization has been detected as 887,41 m²/gr and 874,77 m²/gr, depending on the KOH/Hydrochar ratio. In addition, it was calculated that the extraction efficiencys of the obtained products measured by Ultra-Violet (UV) spectrofotometer in 300 ppm methylene blue absorption experiments reached up to 99%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Artvin Coruh University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Son zamanlarda, çevre durumları ve kirlilik giderici ajanlara ilgi, kaynağı fosil olmayan aktif karbon üretimi ile ilgili araştırmalara gereksinime ivme kazandırdı. Bu nedenle, tarımsal organik lignoselülozik atık malzemeler oldukça dikkat çekmektedir. Çalışmamızda aktif karbon üretiminde nar kabuğu kullanıldı. Nar kabuğundan yüzey alanı yüksek, adsorbsiyon özelliklerine uygun ve gözenek çapı büyük aktif karbon hem fiziksel hem de kimyasal aktivasyon teknikleri kullanılarak elde edilmesi amaçlandı. Kimyasal aktivasyon çalışmalarında ZnCl2 ve AlCl3’ün yüzey alanına etkisi incelendi ve denemeler farklı sıcaklık, süre ve konsantrasyonlar denenerek gerçekleştirildi. Uygun aktif karbon prosesi belirlendi. Sulu çözelti olarak kullanılan meyve suyuna belli derişimde pestisit ve piroliz edilen aktif karbon eklenerek analize alındı. Aktif karbonun, elma suyundaki eklenen pestisiti absorblama kapasitesi ölçüldü. Analiz sonuçlarına göre bu aktif karbonun elma suyuna eklenen pestisitlerin giderimi üzerindeki etkisi incelendi. Meyve suyuna eklenen farklı miktarlardaki pestisitten sonra değişik konsantrasyonlarda aktif karbon ilave edildi. Meyve suyu-pestisit karışımı değişen sürelerde karıştırıldıktan sonra meyve suyu ekstraktı AOAC 2007 Pestisit Analiz Yöntemi ile Quetchers kit kullanılarak analiz edildi. Yapılan deneyler sonucunda aktif karbon üretiminde nar kabuğunun yüksek verimli hammadde olabileceği sonucuna varıldı. Aynı zamanda çalışma koşulları uygun hale getirildiğinde, nar suyu üretiminde atık malzeme olan nar kabuğundan üretilen aktif karbonların meyve suyundan karbendazim pestisitinin uzaklaştırılmasında kullanılabilirliği tespit edildi.

Copyright of Journal of Polytechnic is the property of Journal of Polytechnic and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Activated carbons are widely used especially in the removal of harmful contents of gases and liquids. Activated carbons constitute one of the important import items for our country. It is foreseen that the production of activated carbons from cheap, easily available and abundant raw materials of various organic origins will make significant contributions to the country's economy. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate semi-bituminous coals (Gediz-Kütahya) containing high sulfur as an alternative area of use in the production of activated carbon. In the study where ZnCl2 was used as the activation chemical, the effects of different working parameters (chemical/coal ratio, impregnation time and grain size) on activated carbon production were investigated. Various properties such as BET surface area, pore distribution, SEM surface properties, adsorption capability etc. of the obtained activated carbon were determined. Comparisons of the obtained activated carbon with the imported activated carbons still used commercially were made, and it was determined that there were significant similarities in properties. Optimum production operating parameters, 1/1 ZnCl2/coal mixture ratio, 24 hours impregnation time and +2 mm particle size coal is treated at 650 oC for 60 minutes under N2 atmosphere, with 733 m2/g BET surface area, micro and meso porosity activated carbon with a total pore volume of 0.460 cm3/g was obtained. As a result of the adsorption tests of the obtained activated carbon, it was determined that 99.2% of the Cu2+ ions in the solution could be removed. It has been understood that the obtained activated carbon can be used in many sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of SDU Journal of Engineering Sciences & Design / Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi is the property of Journal of Engineering Sciences & Design and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cemented wood composites are among the high strength materials formed by combining the good qualities of cement and the high advantages of wood compared to other traditional materials and it is high moisture and fire resistance, easy to workability, high resistance to fungus and termites.In the study, composite boards were produced by using 20% of red pine wood timber wastes according to the amount of cement and by adding 2.5%, 5% and 10% active wood carbon as an additive, and the effect of different ratios of activated carbon on the board properties was investigated. The humidity, oven dry density (g/cm3), air dry density (g/cm3), water absorption, thickness swelling, bending strength (N/mm2), modulus of elasticity (N/mm2) and heat transmission coefficient values of the cemented wood composite board were determined. It was determined that as the amount of activated carbon added to the produced boards increased, the amount of moisture, water absorption and thickness swelling increased, and the amount of full dry density and air dry density decreased. While there was no effect on the nail holding resistance from mechanical properties, it increased the screw holding resistance, bending resistance and modulus of elasticity values. In addition, it was determined that the additive decreased the heat transfer coefficient value.

Today, there is an increasing trend towards the use of forest products in the form of composites, since the use of forest products as a solid material cannot adequately meet the demand and increases the cost of use. For this reason, fiber boards (MDF), which is one of the basic raw materials of the forest products industry and manufactured from wood-based raw materials, were chosen as the test material. Additives with various properties (beech fiber, degraded beech fiber and active carbon) were added at different rates (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%) into the polyurethane (PU) glue. Then, the effects on the dimensional stability of the board during the joining and bonding processes were investigated by applying adhesive with filler on the surface of the medium density standard fiber boards. Shiitake (Lentinus edodes) fungi was used to degrade beech fibers. In the test samples prepared for this purpose, water absorption values and thickness swelling tests were performed at 2 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h and 336 h (2 weeks). As a result of the statistical analyzes of the obtained data, it was determined that the addition of additives had a significant effect on the water absorption and thickness swelling values of the samples at the confidence level (p

In this study, the adsorption performance of activated carbon (AC) produced from the white cap mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) in methylene violet 2B (MV 2B) removal was investigated in order to reveal its potential in wastewater treatment. The activation process was carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere in a tubular furnace using the chemical activation method in the presence of potassium hydroxide (KOH). The parameters of pH, temperature, initial MV 2B solution concentration and amount of adsorbent, which significantly affect the adsorption process, were investigated. Thermodynamic, isotherm and kinetic analyzes were carried out using the data obtained from the experimental results. It is understood that obtained positive value of entalpy (ΔH0) (30.658 kJ mol-1) indicates that the process is endothermic and the numerical value of Gibbs free energy (ΔG0) indicates that a physical adsorption process has taken place. It was determined that the adsorption process was more suitable for Langmuir isotherm model (R² = 0.98989) according to isotherm analysis, and it was controlled by pseudo-second-order reaction according to kinetic analysis.The maximum adsorption capacity of the obtained AC was determined as 303.030 mg g-1 and the surface area was determined as 1741.690 m² g-1 by Brunauer--Emmett--Teller (BET) method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small sized electronics and IoT devices can be thermally managed through sorbent heat sinks if economical and efficient solutions are developed. Here, we investigate a mixture of metal-organic frameworks and active carbon to lower the costs and increase the water uptake capacity. The mismatch on particle size and physical properties between the two sorbents lead to favorable desorption characteristics while also cutting down on costs. We spray coat the mixture onto copper substrates to obtain passive sorbent heat sinks. Results of this study display an ≈30% enhancement in the water uptake capacity and an ≈10% improvement in the thermal performance for the heat sinks coated with the mixture when compared to the only MOF case. The enhancement is attributed to fast desorption in the early phases of operation and to slow desorption in the steady state. Furthermore, we also study the coating microscopically through infrared imaging and observe that the carbon is colder than the MOF particles due to the lower thermal conductivity it possesses. This study not only demonstrates an economic way of enhancing the cooling performance of sorbent heat sinks but it also serves as a guideline for the design of desorption driven thermal management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interest in environmental conditions and decontamination agents has given impetus to research on the production of non-fossil source activated carbon. Therefore, agricultural organic lignocellulosic waste materials draw an attention. In our study, pomegranate peel was used in the production of activated carbon. It is aimed to obtain activated carbon with high surface area, suitable for adsorption properties and large pore diameter from pomegranate peel using both physical and chemical activation techniques. In chemical activation studies, the effect of ZnCl2 and AlCl3 on the surface area is investigated and experiments are carried out by trying different temperatures, durations and concentrations. The appropriate activated carbon process is determined. A certain concentration of pesticide and pyrolyzed activated carbon are added to the fruit juice used as an aqueous solution and then they are analyzed. The capacity of activated carbon to absorb the added pesticide in apple juice was measured. According to the results of the analysis, the effect of this activated carbon on the removal of pesticides added to apple juice is examined. After different amounts of pesticide added to fruit juice, different concentrations of activated carbon are added. After mixing the fruit juice-pesticide mixture for varying times, the fruit juice extract is analyzed using what is called the AOAC 2007 Pesticide Analysis Method along with using the Quetchers kit. As a result of the experiments, it is concluded that the pomegranate peel can be a highly efficient raw material in the production of activated carbon. At the same time, when the working conditions are made suitable, it is determined that the active carbons produced from the pomegranate peel, which is a waste material in the production of pomegranate juice, can be used in the removal of the Carbendazim pesticide from the fruit juice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the enhancements in nanotechnology, electronic devices shrank in size which led to a necessity to develop efficient thermal management strategies. These small electronic devices could be thermally managed through passive systems provided that effective materials are developed. Here, we use a layer of activated carbon on top of anodized aluminum heat sinks to utilize the sorption cycle of atmospheric water to create a desorption induced evaporative cooling effect. The material properties of the activated carbon lead to enhanced cooling by radiation and desorption, while the geometry of the heat sinks ensure surface area maximization. We develop a numerical simulation platform to determine the optimum geometry and the optimal activated carbon coating mass. Our results show that as the fin diameter and spacing shrink, and as the activated carbon mass increases within the considered range (0-100 mg), effective cooling of the chip could be achieved. We further employ our simulations to decouple the effects of desorption, radiation, and convection. Our analyses reveal that desorption only plays a vital role during the initial periods of operation, while cooling due to radiation and convection leads to an ≈20% increase in the overall steady-state heat transfer coefficient. This study goes beyond introducing a passive thermal management strategy for small electronic chips by providing a link between mass diffusion and thermal processes for effective transient operation of thermal devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, wild rosehip tree shavings that can be grown in Van and its region were used in the production of activated carbon. In the production of activated carbon, wild rosehip wood sawdust (raw material) was impregnated with NaOH (sodium hydroxide) at a ratio of 1:1 and pyrolyzed at 800 ℃ in a nitrogen gas environment. The Langmuir surface area of the produced activated carbon was found to be 1564.3621 m2/g. The adsorption of quinoline yellow, a cationic dyestuff, which is also used in food production as an adsorbed substance, at temperature, concentration and natural pH (pH:6.02) was investigated. Maximum quinoline yellow adsorption was determined by the produced activated carbon and its compatibility was observed according to Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and D-R adsorption isotherm models. It was found to be compatible with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm with R2=0.996. As a kinetic model, The compatibility of the pseudo-first-order kinetic model, pseudo-second-order kinetic model, elovich and interparticular kinetic models was examined and it was determined that adsorption was compatible with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. In the study, concentration measurements were made with UV spectrophotometer. The highest adsorbed value in the adsorption equilibrium data was found to be 245.6885 mg/g. It is thought that the produced activated carbon can be used for dye removal from aqueous solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aktif Karbon; yapısında karbon içeren, her türlü doğal ya da sentetik başlangıç maddesinden üretilebilen, sahip olduğu geniş iç yüzey alanı ve farklı çaplardaki gözenek yapısı sayesinde sıvı ve gaz uygulamalarda sıklıkla kullanılan adsorbanlar arasındadır.Bu çalışmada ülkemizde bolca üretilen şeftali meyvesinin çekirdeğinden çinko klorür ile kimyasal aktivasyon sonucu aktif karbon üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. 3/1 emdirme oranı ve farklı karbonizasyon sıcaklıklarında (400°C, 500°C, 600°C) üretilen aktif karbonların gözenek hacmi, BET yüzey alanı, ortalama gözenek çapı ve gözenek boyut dağılımı gibi yapısal özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Şeftali çekirdeği ve optimum koşullarda üretilen aktif karbon BET analizi, SEM görüntüleri, FTIR analizleri ve elementel analiz sonuçları ile karakterize edilmiştir. En yüksek yüzey alanına sahip (946 m2/g) aktif karbon, 500 °C ve 3/1 emdirme oranında elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, şeftali çekirdeğinden kimyasal aktivasyon yöntemiyle yüksek yüzey alanı ve gözenek hacmine sahip aktif karbonlar üretilmiş ve bitkisel artıkların değerlendirilmesi sağlanmıştır.

Organik maddelerin kompleks heterojen bir karışımı olan doğal organik madde (DOM), su kalitesi üzerinde neden olduğu olumsuz etkilerinin yanında klorla reaksiyonu sonucunda trihalometan (THM) ve haloasetik asit (HAA) gibi dezenfeksiyon yan ürünlerini (DYÜ) oluşturarak insanlar için önemli bir sağlık riski oluşturmaktadır.Bunun yanında DOM’un konsantrasyonu ve kompozisyondaki büyük değişkenlik, su arıtma tesislerinde DOM’un arıtımını zorlaştırmaktadır.Bu güne kadar içme sularından DOM giderimi için çeşitli arıtma metotları araştırılmıştır. Bu metotlar arasında adsorpsiyon, DOM giderimi için en çok çalışılan ve uygulanan proseslerden biridir.İyon değişimi de DOM giderimi için adsorpsiyona alternatif bir proses olarak ortaya çıkmıştır.Büyük bir kısmı negatif yüklü fraksiyonlardan oluşan DOM’lar, anyon değiştirici reçinelerle giderilebilir. Bu çalışmada, DOM’un içme sularından giderimi için kullanılan adsorpsiyon ve iyon değişimi proseslerinin performansıyla ilgili çeşitli araştırmacılar tarafından ortaya konan bilgiler derlenerek sunulmaktadır.Bu bağlamda DOM gideriminde kullanılan orijinal ve yüzeyleri farklı yöntemlerle modifiye edilmiş çeşitli adsorbentler incelenmiş, bu adsorbentlerin DOM giderme etkinlikleri ve bunu etkileyen faktörler irdelenmiştir.Çalışmada ayrıca iyon değiştirici reçinelerin kullanımı, reçine yapısının performans üzerindeki etkisi gibi konulara değinilmiş ve çözünmüş organik karbon (ÇOK) giderimi için özellikle tasarlanan manyetik iyon değiştirici (MIEX), akışkan yataklı iyon değiştirici (FIX) ve askıda iyon değiştirici (SIX) gibi farklı iyon değiştirme proseslerine yer verilmiştir.

In this study, in which the adsorption of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solutions with the carbonization product obtained from the carbonization of paper mill waste sludge at different temperatures for two hours, it was observed that the adsorption efficiency increased with the increase of the carbonization temperature. The adsorption efficiency of Cd(II) ions depends largely on the pH of the environment. By contacting the 100 mg/L solution of Cd(II) with the carbonization product at 300, 400 and 500 °C at a dose of 5 g/L for 240 min at pH 5.5, the current Cd(II) ions were 45.3%, 52.4% and 61% removed. These values increased to 56%, 65.3% and 73.4% when the initial concentration of Cd(II) ions was taken as 50 Mg/L. When the dose was applied as 20 g/L for the initial concentration of 100 mg/L, all of the existing Cd (II) ions (except the carbonization product at 300 °C) were adsorbed. The results obtained for each carbonization product were applied to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The cadmium adsorption kinetics were defined with a second order model and the cadmium adsorption isotherm was determined to fit the Langmuir model better. The applicability of the results to the isotherm equations and the changes in the value of the isotherm constants depending on the carbonization temperature were examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Engineering Research & Development (IJERAD) is the property of International Journal of Engineering Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dokuz Eylul University Muhendislik Faculty of Engineering Journal of Science & Engineering / Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi is the property of Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Muhendislik Fakultesi Fen ve Muhendislik Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Black cumin pulp is a residue remaining after oil extraction from black cumin. In this study, black cumin pulp, an agro-industrial waste, was used for the production of activated carbon as a precursor material. In the activated carbon production, the chemical activation process was applied. ZnCl2 was used as an activating agent. Activated carbon production was carried out at different ZnCl2 impregnation rates (1:1 and 2:1) and an activation temperature of 500 oC. The structural and morphological characterization of the activated carbon samples obtained were performed by BET, FTIR, XRD, and pHpzc analysis. BET surface areas of activated carbon samples obtained at impregnation ratios of 1:1 (AC1) and 2:1 (AC2) were found to be 505.073 m2/g and 276.563 m2/g, respectively. The results from the study demonstrated that the black cumin pulp is an appropriate precursor for activated carbon production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zonguldak is a major center of coal mines situated on the western BlackSea coast which has largest reserves of hard coal of Turkey, possesing many coal mines in the territory. In this study the investigation of acetone adsorption characteristics of activated carbons at room temperature obtained from Zonguldak-Karadon coal by physical and chemical methods is aimed. The effects of the adsorbent preparation technique, type of activation agent (KOH, NaOH, ZnCl2 ve H3PO4) and activation temperature (400-800?) on acetone adsorption were investigated. Acetone adsorption equilibrium data were compared with different adsorption isotherm models such as, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, Langmuir, Freundlich, Harkins-Jura, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Dubinin-Astakhov, Henderson, Halsey and Smith, in order to investigate the acetone adsorption mechanism on various activated carbons obtained from Karadon coal, and the model parameters were determined. The Langmuir model adsorption constant Wm that gives the maximum adsorption capacity was found with the values in the range 0,12-0,63 g/g. Adsorpsiyon characteristic energies E0 evaluated from the Dubinin-Radushkevich model were found in the range 2,87-29,80 kJ/mol. The activated carbons obtained by chemical treatment were found to have higher acetone adsorption capacities than the physically activated ones, and that the adsorption capacity increased proportionally with the total pore volume. The activated carbons obtained by KOH activation of Zonguldak-Karadon coal at 700 ve 800? were found to have the highest acetone adsorption capacities as 45% and 45,99%, respectively. The results of the study have shown that the activated carbons obtained by chemical activation were highly efficient for acetone adsorption and have high commercial potential for use in the removal of acetone vapors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, Thuja Orientalis cone was evaluated as the starting material in the preparation of activated carbon. Thuja Orientalis cones were activated by impregnation with ZnCl2 in different rations at 500 °C after drying and grinding processes. The effects of the amount of ZnCl2 on the structure and morphology of the products obtained were investigated using FT-IR, SEM and BET and zeta potential techniques. As a result of the activation process, the product obtained by impregnating Thuja Orientalis cone with ZnCl2 in a ratio of 1:2 was found to have the highest surface area (1195 m²/g) and micropore volume (0.599 cm3/g) of activated carbon. The removal efficiency of reactive blue 49 in water under different experimental conditions was investigated. The removal capacity of the adsorbent in the removal of reactive blue 49 is 95.239 mg/g according to the Langmuir isotherm model. The resulting activated carbon was found to be usable at least ten times in the adsorption-desorption cycle without a change in removal capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of SDU Journal of Engineering Sciences & Design / Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi is the property of Journal of Engineering Sciences & Design and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Activated carbon is an excellent physicochemical adsorbent with high porous volumes (0.5-1.5 cm³/g) and large surface areas (500-2000 m²/g). It has been used in medicine, environment, chemistry, energy, metallurgy, textile and food in separation, purification, removal and recovery processes. It can be produced from various biomass wastes with high carbon and low inorganic material content that is recyclable. In the food industry, it is used as color, odor and taste regulator in beverages, color bleaching in sugar-syrup, shelf-life control in climacteric fruits and vegetables, adsorption of organics or removal of non-nutrient toxic substances, treatments of frying oil and drinking water. Their novel applications in food industry include the aerobic digestion, modified atmospheres, purification, novel antimicrobial agent production, volatile organic component removal, aroma recovery studies, electrochemical food sensors and electromagnetic materials for the efficient separation and purification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Engineering & Architectural Faculty of Eskisehir Osmangazi University / Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Eskisehir Osmangazi University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bu çalışmada; biyokütle olarak seçilen nar posasından kimyasal aktivasyonla aktif karbon üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Aktif karbon üretiminde sıcaklık, emdirme süresi, emdirme oranı parametrelerinin etkisi araştırılmıştır. Aktivasyon deneyleri, kimyasal (KOH) kullanılarak, 500 °C ve 700 °C’de 0.5/1; 1/1; 2/1 emdirme oranlarında, 24 ve 48 sa. emdirme süresinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen aktif karbonlar BET, FTIR, elementel ve SEM analizleri yapılarak karakterize edilmiştir. En yüksek yüzey alanına sahip aktif karbon (668.98 m2/g) seçilerek, sulu çözeltiden boyar madde giderimi araştırılmıştır. pH, adsorban miktarı, çözelti başlangıç derişimi ve çözelti sıcaklığı gibi parametrelerin, adsorpsiyon üzerindeki etkileri gözlemlenmiştir En yüksek giderim pH 1’te, 10 g/L adsorban varlığında, 50 ppm başlangıç derişiminde, 25 °C’de %96.60 olarak bulunmuştur.

Copyright of Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences is the property of Akdeniz Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The activated carbons obtained by physical and chemical activation techniques from Zonguldak-Kilimli region coal was used for the adsorption of a textile dye, Basic Red 46 from aqueous solutions. The effects of adsorbent preparation method, initial dye concentration and temperature on adsorption were investigated. The color removal performance of activated carbons prepared by physical activation (PAC), chemical activation with KOH (CAC) and the commercial activated carbon (AC) were compared. The batch adsorption experiments were carried out isothermally at 25, 30 and 35°C. The adsorption capacities at 25, 30 and 35°C were found as 62.7, 23.1, 19.6 (PAC); 201.6, 215.1, 231.5 (AC); and 277.8, 307.7, 323.6 mg g-1 (CAC), respectively. It was found that the CAC sample having the highest micropore and surface area obtained by thermal treatment with KOH had the highest adsorption capacity. The results have shown that the adsorption of BR 46 exhibited an endothermic character on CAC and AC, and exothermic character on PAC. Kinetic data were adequately fitted by the pseudo-first order kinetic model. The study has shown that activated carbon obtained by KOH activation of coal could be effectively used for the adsorptive removal of BR 46 textile dye from wastewaters. The activated carbon obtained from Zonguldak coal with low cost, non toxic character and excellent adsorption performance has a high potential for sustainable commercial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The activated carbons obtained by physical and chemical activation techniques from Zonguldak-Kilimli region coal was used for the adsorption of a textile dye, Basic Red 46 from aqueous solutions. The effects of adsorbent preparation method, initial dye concentration and temperature on adsorption were investigated. The color removal performance of activated carbons prepared by physical activation (PAC), chemical activation with KOH (CAC) and the commercial activated carbon (AC) were compared. The batch adsorption experiments were carried out isothermally at 25, 30 and 35 °C. The adsorption capacities at 25, 30 and 35 °C were found as 62.7, 23.1, 19.6 (PAC); 201.6, 215.1, 231.5 (AC); and 277.8, 307.7, 323.6 mg g-1 (CAC), respectively. It was found that the CAC sample having the highest micropore and surface area obtained by thermal treatment with KOH had the highest adsorption capacity. The results have shown that the adsorption of BR 46 exhibited an endothermic character on CAC and AC, and exothermic character on PAC. Kinetic data were adequately fitted by the pseudo- first order kinetic model. The study has shown that activated carbon obtained by KOH activation of coal could be effectively used for the adsorptive removal of BR 46 textile dye from wastewaters. The activated carbon obtained from Zonguldak coal with low cost, non toxic character and excellent adsorption performance has a high potential for sustainable commercial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aktivasyon reaktifi olarak potasyum hidroksit (KOH) ve çinko klorür (ZnCl2) kullanılarak Çanakkale-Çan linyitinden aktif karbon üretilmiştir. Hazırlanan aktif karbonların verim ve gözenek gelişimi üzerine karbonizasyon sıcaklığının ve reaktif türünün etkisi incelenmiştir. Elde edilen aktif karbonlar verim, BET yüzey alanı, gözenek hacimleri ile mikro ve mezo gözenek fraksiyonu açısından karakterize edilmiştir. Sonuçlar karbonizasyon sıcaklığının artmasıyla verimin düştüğünü yüzey alanı ve gözenekliliğinin artığını göstermiştir. En yüksek yüzey alanı KOH aktivasyonunda 900 0C, 1 h karbonizasyon süresinde 1092 m2/g olarak elde edilmiştir. Linyit örneğinin kimyasal madde ile emdirilmeden 900 0C'de karbonizasyonu sonucu elde edilen çarın yüzey alanı 157 m2/g bulunmuştur. Bu verilerden, yüksek yüzey alanı ve gözenekliliğe sahip aktif karbon üretimi için tek başına ısıl işlemin yeterli olmadığı görülmüştür. Elde edilen aktif karbonlar ticari aktif karbonla karşılaştırılmıştır. KOH ve ZnCl2 aktivasyonu ile elde edilen aktif karbonların yüzey alanı ve mikro gözenek fraksiyonunun ticari aktif karbondan daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.