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9. Human brain networks: a graph theoretical analysis of cortical connectivity normative database from EEG data in healthy elderly subjects

Author

Vecchio, Fabrizio, Miraglia, Francesca, Judica, Elda, Cotelli, Maria, Alù, Francesca, and Rossini, Paolo Maria

Abstract

Moving from the hypothesis that aging processes modulate brain connectivity networks, 170 healthy elderly volunteers were submitted to EEG recordings in order to define age-related normative limits. Graph theory functions were applied to exact low-resolution electromagnetic tomography on cortical sources in order to evaluate the small-world parameter as a representative model of network architecture. The analyses were carried out in the whole brain—as well as for the left and the right hemispheres separately—and in three specific resting state subnetworks defined as follows: attentional network (AN), frontal network (FN), and default mode network (DMN) in the EEG frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, beta 2, gamma). To evaluate the stability of the investigated parameters, a subgroup of 32 subjects underwent three separate EEG recording sessions in identical environmental conditions after a few days interval. Results showed that the whole right/left hemispheric evaluation did not present side differences, but when individual subnetworks were considered, AN and DMN presented in general higher SW in low (delta and/or theta) and high (gamma) frequency bands in the left hemisphere, while for FN, the alpha 1 band was lower in the left with respect to the right hemisphere. It was also evident the test-retest reliability and reproducibility of the present methodology when carried out in clinically stable subjects.

Published
2024
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11. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Enhances Neuroplasticity and Accelerates Motor Recovery in a Stroke Mouse Model

Author

Longo, Valentina, primary, Barbati, Saviana Antonella, additional, Re, Agnese, additional, Paciello, Fabiola, additional, Bolla, Maria, additional, Rinaudo, Marco, additional, Miraglia, Francesca, additional, Alù, Francesca, additional, Di Donna, Martina Gaia, additional, Vecchio, Fabrizio, additional, Rossini, Paolo Maria, additional, Podda, Maria Vittoria, additional, and Grassi, Claudio, additional

Published
2022
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25. Human brain networks in physiological and pathological aging: reproducibility of EEG graph theoretical analysis in cortical connectivity

Author

Vecchio, Fabrizio, Miraglia, Francesca, Alù, Francesca, Judica, Elda, Cotelli, Maria, Pellicciari, Maria Concetta, and Rossini, Paolo Maria

Abstract

Background: Physiological and pathological brain aging plays a central role in brain networks modulation. The aim of the present paper was to assess the stability of a proposed method for the evaluation of Small World (SW) characteristics for the study of Human Connectome. Methods: 80 subjects were recruited: 36 young healthy controls, 32 elderly healthy controls, and 12 patients affected by Alzheimer’s disease. Electroencephalograms (EEG) were recorded during six separate sessions (480 recordings) at an average inter-session interval of 3.8±0.2 days. Graph theory functions were applied to the undirected and weighted networks obtained by the lagged linear coherence evaluated by exact Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (eLORETA). Were explored the following frequency bands: delta (2-4Hz), theta (4-8Hz), alpha1 (8-10.5Hz), alpha2 (10.5-13Hz), beta1 (13-20Hz), beta2 (20-30Hz) and gamma (30-40Hz). Results: The proposed method for the evaluation of Small World (SW) characteristics showed good reproducibility and stability. Furthermore, the results showed the pattern Young>Elderly>AD in low frequency delta and theta bands and vice versa in the higher alpha band. Finally, the correlation with age was confirmed in healthy subjects showing that older the age higher the SW values for alpha2. Discussion: Evidences from the present study confirm the stability of the Small World index and suggest that graph theory can support the analysis of connectivity patterns estimated from EEG. The proposed method for the evaluation of the characteristics of the Small World (SW) has shown good reproducibility and stability and applied to patient data, this technique could provide more information on the pathophysiological processes underlying the age-related brain disconnection, as well as on the administration of rehabilitation treatments at the right time that could allow to avoid unnecessary interventions.

Published
2021
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