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Objective: To assess the contribution of chromosome on sperm production., Methods: During a 2 year period from October 1999 to December 2001 a total of 200 male patients were included in the present study. The study was carried out at Kufa Medical College, Kufa, Iraq. Blood culture, chromosomal harvesting, Giemsa stain, C-band technique and C-band size calculation have been conducted according to the standard methods., Results: No statistical differences have been recorded in the C-band size distribution level among the infertile groups compared to normal control. The functional relationship between C-band, euchromatin and the total length of the Y chromosome showed a strong correlation coefficient among the infertile groups (oligospermia, azoospermia) as well as the normal control., Conclusion: In our qualitative study the C-band size of the Y chromosome has no effect on spermatogenesis. The decrease in the size of Y chromosome is due to the decrease in both the heterochromatin and euchromatin regions.

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the possible role of autosomal C-band size polymorphism in male infertility., Methods: Two-hundred male patients with clinical diagnosis of infertility and 100 normal controls were included in the present investigation. All patients were assessed by Urologist Consultant at the Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Kufa University, Kufa, Iraq, during a 2-year-period, October 1999 to October 2001. C-band evaluation was based on both quantitative and qualitative methods. Blood culture, chromosome harvesting, and C-band technique were carried out according to standard methods., Results: 1. C-band quantitative study indicates a significant increase in the C- band size of chromosomes 9 and 16 among infertile groups as compared to normal fertile group (p<0.01). 2. C-band qualitative study indicates a significant increase in the C-band size (level 3) of chromosome number one among the infertile group as compared to normal fertile group (p<0.01)., Conclusion: The present findings require further extensive study to shed light on the possible correlation between C-band polymorphism and male infertility.