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Background: There are many factors and environmental conditions that affect the quality and capacity of eggs obtained from birds. The aim of this study was to make a comparison between the preservation of quail eggs and chicken eggs at temperatures of 8-10 °C and 18-20 °C. We used 20 eggs of chicken and 30 eggs of quail. Both categories were stored at two different temperatures (at a temperature of 8-10 ℃, and at a room temperature of 18-20 ℃). Each category of eggs was stored for 20 days, and 3 eggs were opened every 3 days. The parameters studied were: mass, protein diameter, protein height (H), yolk height (h), yolk diameter, protein index, yolk index, and Haugh unit. Statistical processing of practical results was performed using the SPSS data analysis package. When stored for 20 days at a temperature of 8-10 °C, quail eggs lost about 3–7% of their original weight. At a temperature of 18-20 °C, when stored for 20 days, quail eggs lost about 11% of their original weight. On the part of chicken eggs, regardless of temperature (8-10 °C or 18-20 °C), weight loss was almost the same, i.e., by about 3-6%. Chicken eggs at a temperature of 18-20 °C, the yolk height was not stable. Unlike chicken eggs, quail eggs, of course, decreased over time. In conclusion, quail eggs were characterized by a relatively long period of freshness preservation than those of chickens, and their three-week storage and temperature exhibited little effect on the deterioration of the quality of quail eggs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In industrial quail breeding all hatching eggs are subjected to preliminary selection according to external features and egg weight. This means that the issues of evaluating hatching eggs, increasing hatchability, and the viability of young animals during artificial incubation do not lose their relevance. Comparative assessment was carried out on the quality of incubation eggs of Estonian and Manchurian Golden quail breeds with different mass-to-volume ratios, as well as the results of incubation and the values of electromagnetic impulses during the incubation of quail eggs. The material for the study was the eggs of the Estonian and Manchurian Golden (MG) breeds of quials. Eggs were selected with a shelf life of no more than 7 days. At the first phase, 100 eggs of each breed were opened and morphologically analyzed. At the second, three incubations were carried out. For each incubation, 150 eggs of the Estonian and Manchurian Golden breeds were selected, of those, 50 eggs were opened and a morphological analysis of the eggs of each breed was made. The incubation of quail eggs at the 2nd phase was carried out in IPH-10 incubators. At the 3rd phase, eggs were incubated individually in an R-COM DX-8800XP incubator. During incubation, the development of embryos was monitored by candling eggs on days 6, 11, and 16 of incubation. In the Manchurian Golden breed, 7.5 times fewer eggs fell into the first variation class, and 2.3 times more eggs into the third variation class compared to the Estonian breed (p < 0.05). The large diameter of the egg increased on average by 4.3%, while the small one decreased by 3.2%. Egg shape index increased by 3.3% in Manchurian eggs, while by 2.9% in Estonian eggs (p < 0.05). The value of the "Haugh unit" index decreased by 4.2% in the eggs of the Manchurian Golden breed, while by 5.9% in the eggs of the Estonian breed (p < 0.05). The ratio of mass and volume significantly affected the results of incubation of eggs. In the second and third classes, an average of 6.1 and 2.7% more quials hatched than in the first class. In terms of hatchability of eggs, these differences were more significant and amounted to 15.8 and 14.0%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Probiotics are feed additives that have gained popularity in poultry. They are one of the more universal feed additives and can be easily combined with other additives. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of including recommended doses of probiotics and growth-promoting antibiotics in concentrated foods on productivity and gut health in broilers. Six hundred one-day-old unsexed broiler chicks (Ross 308 strain) were used in this study. They were divided into three groups (40 chicks per group). Group T0 received balanced feed with growth stimulating antibiotic (Zinc Bacitracin), while group T1 received balanced diet (no growth stimulating antibiotic) + probiotic (Bacillus subtilis sp.; 1.6 × 109 CFU g-1) at an inclusion rate of 500 g ton-1. Group T2 was fed the basal balanced diet with a growth-stimulating antibiotic (Zinc Bacitracin) and a probiotic (Bacillus subtilis sp.). Statistical analysis and processing the material were performed using the data analysis package "MS Excel 2010" and the program "Statistics for Windows". In this study, we assessed the effect of supplementation of probiotics and acidifiers as well as their combination on broiler live body weight, net carcass, along with dressing percentage, the weight of the internal organs, relative bowel length (small intestine length, large intestine length, caecum length, and fabric bag length) and weight of broiler cuts breast. The outcomes revealed a difference between the control and other treatment groups which was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The ratio of villus height to crypt depth and villus height in the duodenum and ileum were both raised (p < 0.05) by the addition of either probiotics or synbiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge of the anatomical features of the digestive and reproductive systems in Japanese quails makes it possible to purposefully influence their growth and development, using breeding and selection in the right direction to preserve the health of animal and increase its productivity. Japanese quail at certain stages of postembryonic ontogenesis--neonatal (daily), juvenile (30 days), puberty (60 days), and morpho-functional maturity (90 and 240 days) were used in this study. A morphometric assessment of the stomach, ovary, and testes of Japanese quails and the development of its linear index were analysed based on the obtained data. Also, a histological study at different ages was conducted. The materials included the glandular and muscular sections of the stomach, ovaries, and testes obtained from clinically healthy Japanese quails. The material was taken in the middle of a certain stage of postembryonic ontogenesis and consisted of 10 specimens for each age group. The dissected organs of Japanese quails was weighed on an electronic balance to determine the absolute weight in grams. Next, the relative weight of the organ was calculated. Additionally, venire calipers were used to measure the studied organs length and width. In addition to studying the histological structure of the stomach, ovary, and testes. The Japanese quail's stomach was characterized by an age-related staging of formation, with the glandular part growing most intensively until 30 days and the muscular part forming only at 90 days. In the case of histological study, in the glandular stomach, the submucosal layer occupied an average of 63.03% of the total surface area on the 90th day, while the muscle layer increased by 6.32%, equivalent to an increase of 1.98 times. As for the muscular stomach. The rate of development of the inner layer of the muscular stomach varied from day 1 to day 720, increasing its surface area by 10.01 ± 0. A direct correlation between avian reproductive health, ovarian and testicular mass was recorded. Quail mature sexually between four and five weeks of age. At around 6 weeks of age, females begun to lay. In the time between 60 and 150 days of age, the ovary developed most rapidly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]