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Background & Objective: Development of gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy has been a primary goal of physical therapists for decades. Suit therapy has been proposed as an adjunct to conventional physiotherapy to treat the impairments associated with cerebral palsy. Providing an orthosis along with the conventional therapy improves the motor performance of the child. Hence, this study aimed to determine the effect of modified suit therapy in gross motor function of spastic diplegic children. Method: A simple random sample of 30 spastic diplegic subjects in age group of 4-12 years fulfilling inclusion criteria from Mobility India, Bangalore was included. The outcome was evaluated using Gross Motor Function Measure-88 scale before and after the intervention. Suit therapy along with the conventional therapy is given for 2hrs daily for duration of 3 weeks. Results & Conclusion: Wilcoxon signed rank test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to find the significance of improvement before and after the intervention. There was statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups (P=0.030). It is concluded that modified suit therapy along with conventional physiotherapy is effective in improving the gross motor function of children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy.

Background/Aim: One of the most common consequences of diabetes mellitus is diabetic neuropathy, which is triggered on by nerve damage. The characteristic of neuropathies is a progressive loss of nerve fibre function resulting in numbness, tingling, aching, burning and throbbing sensations. In addition, it adds to the risk of falls, joint deformities, muscular atrophy and foot ulcers. The study aimed to analyse the incidence of motor and sensory dysfunctions in patients with diabetes mellitus in Chennai, India. Methods: This was an observational study of analytic type. Clinically diagnosed diabetic patients between the age of 45 to 60 years were considered for this study. Patients who consented to participate in this study, with a history of diabetes mellitus spanning more than ten years were chosen. Patients found to have other causes of neuropathy, diabetic ulceration, lactating (or) pregnant women and non-cooperative patients were excluded from this study. All the subjects enrolled in the study at the mentioned centres were given the Michigan neuropathy screening instrument (MNSI). Total score of MNSI was calculated and interpreted for the prevalence. Results: A total of 246 subjects have participated in this study out of which 54 % were male and 46 % were female, 127 (51 %) had diabetic peripheral neuropathy, 41 (17 %) had partial diabetic neuropathy and 78 (32 %) had no symptoms of diabetic neuropathy. Conclusion: Through the questionnaire and physical examination, the current study demonstrated a high prevalence of motor and sensory impairments as well as diabetic neuropathy symptoms in the diabetic population.

Objective: This pilot study aims to evaluate the combined impact of peripheral nerve mobilization (PNM) and virtual reality (VR) game-based gait training on gait parameters in chronic anterior cerebral artery (ACA) stroke patients. Methods: Eight chronic ACA stroke patients were randomized into experimental (PNM + VR) and control (conventional exercises) groups. Interventions were conducted for 45 min per session, five times a week, over 4 weeks. Gait parameters were measured using the OpenPose-based Markerless Gait Analysis System. Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in post-intervention measurements. The control group exhibited a mean increase in gait speed from 0.46 m/s to 0.62 m/s (p < 0.001), while the intervention group showed improvements from 0.41 m/s to 0.54 m/s (p < 0.001). Between-group analyses revealed significant differences in gait parameters post-intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: PNM and VR game-based gait training emerge as effective interventions for enhancing gait parameters in ACA stroke rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Excessive fear, worry and behavioral disturbances define anxiety, with particular significance attributed to vagal nerve, a crucial transmitter of information to the brain regions governing anxiety. Highlighting the importance of vagal nerve, transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (TaVNS) emerges as a tolerable and safe technique. The success of non-invasive vagal nerve stimulation in alleviating anxiety underscores the pivotal role of the vagal nerve. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions in mitigating anxiety among retired teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic, emphasizing the relevance of targeting the vagal nerve for improved mental well-being. METHODS: 60 retired teachers diagnosed with anxiety were chosen through random allocation. Participants were divided into two groups: Group A (Experimental group) received transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (TaVNS), and Group B (Control group) underwent the Jacobson relaxation technique. Intervention period spanned 4 weeks, with four sessions per week, lasting 30 minutes. The outcome measures included Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire and salivary cortisol levels. RESULTS: Following the 4-week intervention, both groups exhibited a significant reduction in Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scores and salivary cortisol levels (P < 0.001). Notably, Group A demonstrated a significantly higher effectiveness rate compared to Group B. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (TaVNS) is effective in reducing anxiety among retired teachers. Transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (TaVNS) proves to be a powerful and effective intervention in alleviating anxiety among retired teachers, emphasizing its potential significance in enhancing mental well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Healthcare workers (HCWs) have been significantly impacted by the pandemic. Elderly health care workers carry out a variety of duties at work and have years of clinical expertise. Anxiety and insomnia are among the more commonly encountered problems in senior physicians and other geriatric medical professional populations. OBJECTIVE: The study aims to determine the effect of vagal nerve stimulation on anxiety and sleep disturbances among geriatric medical professionals. METHODS: 42 participants were enrolled in this study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants were divided into two groups using the closed envelope approach, and they took part in therapy sessions lasting 30 minutes, three times per week for a period of four weeks. The Experimental group A received non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (taVNS) and Control group A received Jacobson's progressive muscle relaxation technique. RESULTS: With a p value of 0.001, taVNS stimulation significantly improved sleep quality and reduced anxiety after 4 weeks. The post-intervention assessment revealed a highly significant improvement in Group A, with a T value of 251 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that taVNS may be an effective intervention for addressing anxiety and sleep issues in geriatric medical professionals. These results contribute to the exploration of non-invasive strategies to enhance the well-being of healthcare professionals working in demanding environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: In the working population especially among older adults, anxiety problems have grown dramatically. This element has a significant impact on employee absenteeism and problems with physical and mental health. It was widely known that security personnel had several physical and mental difficulties during their various work hours. It is important to investigate the effects of anxiety on them. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to provide insights into the prevalence of anxiety disorders and explore the correlations between anxiety symptoms, sleep, and memory during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: To conduct a cross-sectional study, 42 older adult participants between the ages of sixty to seventy years were chosen and the procedure was explained.Data were gathered by giving instructions on how to complete the self-reported Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment -7 (GAD-7), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and the revised Everyday Memory Questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 36 out of 42 participants (85.71%) experienced moderate to severe anxiety. Anxiety and sleep had a correlation of 0.8, while anxiety and memory had a correlation of 0.87 with a positive EMQ-R relationship. Moreover, there was a statistically significant association between sleep and memory, with a positive correlation of 0.73. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that, there is a substantial prevalence of anxiety accompanied by notable insomnia and memory problems in elderly security officers. Our findings indicate a clear relationship between sleep disturbances, memory issues, and most prevalent anxiety symptoms. These results emphasize the importance of incorporating mental health assessments and addressing an effective treatment for anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Smartphones are a technical marvel that rapidly evolved to play an important role in our lives. One downside to smartphone use is that it significantly worsens posture. It is believed that using a smartphone while walking increases the risk of cognitive decline and the loss of dynamic balance needed to perform functional tasks. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine the impact of smartphone usage on dynamic postural control among South Indian college students. METHODS: The study was carried out in a private college with 400 invited students through online social media platforms. The four-square step test and SAS-SV were used to determine the impact of smartphone usage on dynamic postural control. The students were informed about the study process. A total of 250 participants were included based on the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: There was a high percentage of agreement on smartphone usage on dynamic postural control measured with SAS-SV, revealing statistical significance with a mean value of 41.532 and SD of 10.010886. The four-square step test with a mean value of 22.5 and SD of 1.8995878 also proved significant impact. A positive correlation was found between smartphone usage and dynamic postural control, which was analysed using Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.90130. CONCLUSION: A significant correlation was noted between mobile usage and dynamic balance. Smartphones can have a negative impact on dynamic balance by distracting users from their surroundings and increase the risk of falls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Fear of falling is experienced by a sizeable percentage of the elderly, a segment of the population that is increasing in most of the countries across the world. A review was therefore undertaken of the current literature on fear of falling, evaluation and management of this fear. Method: Extensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Science Direct, and Ovid databases, using the keywords 'Fear of Falling', 'Fall Fear', 'Fall Efficacy', 'Elderly', 'Senior', 'Older', and 'Elders', in various combinations. The search was restricted to articles in the English language, published between 2016 and 2021. Results: Out of 478 retrieved articles, only 46 met the inclusion criteria of the current review. The abstracts were reviewed initially and the studies which met the inclusion criteria were then used for the review. Conclusion: Fear of falling is reported by up to 65% of the non-fallers and 92% of fallers among the elderly. Fear of falling arises due to various biopsychosocial factors. The measuring tools are classified into those that measure fear of falling and those measuring fall efficacy. The two main management strategies are physical interventions and psychological interventions, and a combination of these two interventions is more effective in the management of fear of falling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal injuries, such as strains, are prevalent across all age groups and have a substantial impact on daily functioning and quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with traditional rehabilitation programs on pain, range of motion (ROM), muscular strength, and functional changes in promoting accelerated recovery from musculoskeletal injuries. METHODS: A total of 80 participants (54 males, 26 females; mean age 35.6 years) with various musculoskeletal injuries were randomly assigned to either the HIIT group (n = 40) or the traditional rehabilitation group (n = 40). The HIIT group underwent a six-week supervised program, with three sessions per week. The traditional rehabilitation group followed a similar six-week program emphasizing low to moderate intensity exercises and traditional rehabilitation techniques. Outcome measures, including pain levels, ROM, muscular strength, and functional outcomes, were assessed pre- and post-intervention. RESULTS: Significant improvements were observed in both the HIIT and traditional rehabilitation groups. However, the HIIT group demonstrated superior outcomes. Participants in the HIIT group experienced a greater reduction in pain levels compared to the traditional rehabilitation group (mean visual analog scale (VAS) score decrease of 5.2 vs. 3.8, respectively, p < 0.05). Functional outcomes significantly favored the HIIT group, with participants achieving faster completion times in the Timed Up and Go test (mean reduction of 2.1 seconds vs. 1.5 seconds, respectively, p < 0.01) and longer distances in the Single Leg Hop test (mean increase of 32 cm vs. 25 cm, respectively, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: HIIT showed superior effectiveness over traditional rehabilitation in accelerating recovery from musculoskeletal injuries, with greater pain reduction and improved functional outcomes. Incorporating HIIT into rehabilitation protocols may offer an efficient approach for expedited recovery and enhanced functional capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The tarsal tunnel syndrome is an entrapment neuropathy of the medial ankle. Most common symptoms are pain, burning, tingling sensation in the sole of the foot. The purpose of this study is to find the effectiveness of strengthening and nerve mobilization on tarsal tunnel syndrome among pregnant women. Purpose: The Purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of strengthening exercises and nerve mobilization techniques for tarsal tunnel syndrome among pregnant women Material And Method: The study was performed on 274 women age upto (21-30) year and collected from revival physio care centre on the basic requirements like age, height, education and weight for women and their questionnaires are used to test tarsal tunnel syndrome. The study period was June 2022 to Jan 2023 Results: Pre test and post test values were analysed. Results suggest that strengthening with ultrasound group has significant improvement in compared with nerve mobilization group with P value < 0.0001. Conclusion: Study concluded that Strengthening exercise is more effective than nerve mobilization in terms of pain level and tenderness [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dysmenorrhea is a distressing sensory and emotional experience that occurs usually in the region of the lower abdomen. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the syndrome in which the ovaries create excessive production of androgens that are typically present in women at a minimal level. This study compares the effect of yoga on PCOS with dysmenorrhea in women of reproductive age using the McGill pain questionnaire and WaLIDD score. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of aerobic exercise and yoga asana for dysmenorrhea among college students with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Materials and Methods: This experimental study has been conducted from December 2022 to May 2023 which included 150 girls (18 to 25 years old) who were screened for PCOS and 98 girls who willingly filled out a Google form to the female college students, Based on the inclusion criteria, 50 people took part and were separated into two groups: one group is given aerobic exercise with yoga, while the other group is given only an aerobic exercise. The treatment is for 60 minutes and 5 days per week is given and continued for 12 weeks. The pre-test and posttest were taken. The values were tabulated and statically evaluated. Result: the results revealed that the addition of yoga along with aerobic exercise results in 70-80% of the women being beneficial for managing the dysmenorrhea and PCOS which are statistically significant with a p value of 0.0001. Conclusion: The study shows that yoga asana with aerobic exercise for PCOS students is more beneficial in lowering the risk of dysmenorrhea than aerobic exercise alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study was developed to determine the effectiveness of climbing up and down exercise on frailty among geriatric population. Purpose: To find the effectiveness of climbing up and down stairs exercise on frailty among geriatric population. Materials and Methods: This research is the Quasi experimental study. The subjects were collected from Jeevan Jothi Home for Aged and Destitute, Kanyakumari. There are 54 subjects were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the subjects were assessed with Edmonton frail scale as pre test and the same test was performed for post test at the end of 4 weeks from May 2023 to July 2023. 5 days per week 11 steps* 3 repetition* 3 sets. Each set 5 min rest is given. Pre test and post test values were calculated and tabulated. Results: The collected data was statistically analyzed using the paired t-test. Statistical analysis of Edmonton frail scale examination post value revealed the constantly significant differences, with the p value of <0.0001. Conclusion: According to the study, climbing up and down exercise is effective for reducing frailty among geriatric population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The synovial joint capsule, subchondral bone, and joint cartilage are all impacted by the gradual degenerative condition known as OA. This research work is designed to check the efficacy of modified progressive resistance training for OA knee patients. Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of modified progressive resistance training and conventional treatment on knee strength in early onset knee OA. Materials and Methods: 370 subjects were screened for study from GNK physiotherapy clinic according to inclusion and exclusion criteria from november 2022 to june 2023. Patient's authorization was acquired after the procedure was completely clarified to them. They were divided into two categories: Group A (n=185) and Group B (n=185). The pre and post-test values measured by WOMAC questionnaire and MMT. Group A received conventional treatment that is strengthening and stretching exercises and Group B received modified progressive resistance training using Thera band along with conventional treatment. Both training programs were given for 4 weeks, weekly 5 days Results: A statistically important distinction <0.0001 between groups A and B was found via statistical analysis of information that was quantitative. Conclusion: Modified progressive resistance training using Thera band of group A were proven to be more successful than group A Traditional therapy [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA), commonly known as degenerative joint disease, is frequently brought on by wear-and-tear and articular cartilage loss that occurs over time. It comes in two categories: primary and secondary, and it most frequently affects the elderly. Articular degeneration caused by primary osteoarthritis has no discernible underlying etiology. Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of isometric training and aerobic exercise programs along with ultrasound for OA knee patients. Materials Required: 52 subjects were selected from the prem physiotherapy clinic according to inclusion and exclusion criteria during the period of November 2022 to July 2023. They were divided into two categories: Group A(n=26) and Group B(n=26). The pre and post-test values were measured by Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) and WOMAC questionnaire. Group A received conventional treatment that is isometric training along with ultrasound and Group B received aerobic exercise along with ultrasound. Both training programs were given for 4 weeks, weekly 5 days. Results: A statistically important distinction <0.0001 between groups A and B was found via statistical analysis of information that was quantitative. Conclusion: Isometric training along with ultrasound of group A were proven to be more successful than group B aerobic exercise along with ultrasound in reducing pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Lateral epicondylitis is considered to be the most prevalent overuse injury which affects 1% to 3% of the total population among all age groups and genders. The tendon of extensor carpi radialis brevis gets affected and can be strengthened by resistance exercises. It also affects plumbers, carpenters, housewives etc. The daily activities are interrupted which increases pain in lateral epicondylitis can be treated conservatively and surgically. Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of concentric vs Eccentric training programs for lateral epicondylitis by reducing pain. Materials and Methods: 68 subjects were selected from Active physio care physiotherapy clinic based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The detailed procedure for performing the study was explained to the subjects, and the informed consent form was collected from them before starting the study. The pre and post test values were measured using the numerical pain rating scale (NPRS) and pain rated tennis elbow evaluation (PRTEE). The subjects selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into two groups: concentric group and Eccentric group (n = 34). Study period: November 2022 to April 2023. Results: Statistical analysis of numerical pain rating scale and pain rated tennis elbow evaluation post test result revealed that both groups show similar effect but Eccentric exercise Group (Group B) exceeds Concentric Exercise group (Group A) with p VALUE of p<0.0001. Conclusion: When comparing the concentric group to the Eccentric group, the Eccentric group indicates significant effects in improving the strength of the elbow, improving the functional activity and strength of the forearm [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A variety of subacromial space disorders, such as partial thickness rotator cuff tears, rotator cuff tendinosis, calcific tendinitis, and subacromial bursitis, are usually accompanied by shoulder pain, for which dry needling is observed effectively. Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of dry needling technique vs mobilization on pain reduction among PA shoulder patients. Materials and Methods: It's an Experimental study with inclusion criteria of age between 35-60, patient diagnosed of frozen shoulder/adhesive capsulitis, pain for more than a month was included. Patients having a history of inflammatory arthritis and post fracture complications were excluded. Thirty subjects were selected and divided into group A(n=15) and group B(n=15). Interventions were given for 4 weeks, 5 days per week. Pre-test and posttest values were calculated and tabulated using Goniometer and SPADI scale. The entire study was conducted from November 2022 to April 2023. Results: Statistical analysis of pre and post-test values of Range of Motion and SPADI revealed significant differences between experimental and conventional groups, With the P value of <0.0001. Conclusion: The results and the data obtained from this research showed that mobilization was more effective than dry needling technique in subjects with PA Shoulder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Rounded shoulders are a fairly common issue that affects both young and old people. One of the most prevalent musculoskeletal irregularities of the shoulder complex that causes discomfort in the shoulder joint is rounded shoulders. Trapezius muscle plays an important role in scapula movement, while the lower trapezius is especially crucial for stabilizing this scapula. Purpose: To evaluate effectiveness of trapezius strengthening exercise vs conventional therapy on pain in patients with rounded shoulders. Materials and Methods: 40 subjects were selected from RENU'S Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation Centre. The study duration was from October 2022 to July 2023 with procedures and evaluation that lasted 2 weeks. The subjects were workers and college students who use smartphones, computers, or laptops during work and leisure time. A simple test was used to check the rounded shoulder posture of these 40 subjects to find the rounded shoulder pain.40 individuals were chosen for the Test-Wall Contact. Further, they were divided into two groups of 20 each according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were informed about the procedure, and an informed consent form was obtained. Results: Post-test of NPRS scale in trapezius strengthening group mean was 4.35 and post-test mean of combination group with IFT was 2.25. Conclusion: Combination of stretching and strengthening with interferential therapy is much more effective and useful for treating complaints of rounded shoulder pain and rounded shoulder posture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is a chronic and progressive disease that impairs patients' quality of life and daily activities. PF is caused by repeated tissue injury at the origin of the calcaneus' medial tuberosity. The symptoms include Pain expanding from the heel's medial aspect into the arch of the foot. Pain is frequently worse in the morning, after a period of rest, or after engaging in physical exercise. These signs and symptoms can become paralyzing as the illness advances, reducing the individual's ability to bear weight. According to recent research, the condition should be called fascists because the pathology is more similar to that of tendinosis. The thickness of the plantar fascia increases, as does degeneration Purpose: The purpose of the study to determine the effectiveness of dry needling for the subjects with plantar fasciitis Materials and Methods: 68 subjects in total were chosen based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Experimental group (n=34) patients received dry needling of intended sites using a 30 mm needle that was gradually withdrawn after 15 minutes. The conventional group (n=34) received the Ultrasound therapy was applied at 3.0-MHz frequency. Patients taken from the five plus hospital. The study period was from December 2022 to March 2023. Results: Statistical analysis of 6 minute Walk test and NPRS examination post values revealed the constantly significant differences, With the P value of <0.0001. Conclusion: Dry needling with strengthening exercise was found to be comparatively more effective than ultrasound therapy with strengthening exercise [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The research is on assessment of the effectiveness of dry needling in patients with piriformis syndrome. It is a non discogenic form of sciatica brought on by piriformis muscle impingement on the sciatic nerve. It can be responsible for 0.3% to 6.0% of all sciatica and low back pain cases. Post traumatic piriformis syndrome may occur in patients who experience lumbar nerve-root compression symptoms and signs after receiving a forceful injury to the buttock. Dry needling is a minimally invasive therapy by the insertion of tiny monofilament needles into muscles, ligaments, tendons without the use of injectable substances. Purpose: To find the effectiveness of dry needling in patients with piriformis syndrome. Materials and Methods: Total of 356 participants were taken according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria from new life phyio, shanthi physio and saravana ortho clinic. The participants were randomly allocated into two groups, dry needling with theraband exercise group and IFT with theraband exercise group. The group A=178 participants and group B=178 participants. All the subjects underwent pretest measurement with NPRS in the beginning of treatment. The study was quasi experimental study and the duration was about 4 weeks of June 2023. Results: Statistical analysis of data showed significant differences not only in the dry needling group but also in the conventional group. The dry needling group was significantly higher than the IFT group, with a p value of <0.0001. Conclusion: Dry needling is more effective than IFT in the piriformis syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In order to perform an activity that requires an upright posture, balance is a complex process that involves receiving and integrating the sensory inputs as well as planning and carrying out movements. Falls are frequent among elderly people. An example of home based aerobic activity is multidirectional stepping training. Purpose: To find out the effectiveness of multidirectional stepping training on balance among geriatric population. Materials and Methods: From November 2022 to April 2023, 200 participants were recruited from the Sai Chai Physio Centre, with only 82 participants selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjects were separated into two groups: Group A (n=41) and Group B (n=41). Group A received multidirectional stepping training, whereas Group B received conventional exercise. Both the interventions were given for four weeks, three times a week for 40 minutes. Results: The findings indicated that both the groups showed statistically significant improvement after the interventions in scores of fall efficacy scale and Balance outcome measure for elderly rehabilitation(p<0.005). Multidirectional stepping training showed statistically significant improvement in both the measures. Conclusion: When compared to conventional exercise, multidirectional stepping training is more effective at improving balance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The most prevalent gynecological condition in young girls, dysmenorrhea, is experienced by over 50% of girls. The Myometrium's hyperactivity and the co-occurrence of uterine ischemia are believed to be the primary causes of pain. Prostaglandins seem to play a major role in the development of myometrial hyperactivity. Soft tissue manipulation, a form of therapeutic tissue massage, may be beneficial for the treatment of dysmenorrhea, according to the scant research on the subject and the personal clinical experience of one of the authors. This has been suggested that therapeutic tissue massage, which involves applying pressure to soft tissues, is effective in relieving menstrual discomfort. The entire process was performed from November 2022 to April 2023. Purpose: The study aims to determine the efficacy of soft tissue manipulation for primary dysmenorrhea among late-adolescent girls. Materials and Methods: 62 subjects in total were chosen based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Soft tissue manipulation group (n=31) received treatment over the course of two sessions. The stretching group (n=31) received treatment with 5 stretches in 2 sessions, each stretch lasting for 10 seconds of hold with a 3 seconds rest in between. The material used were Couch, Pillow, Bedsheet, Petroleum Gel, Gloves, Yoga Mat, Sanitizer. Result: The result showed significant improvement in minimizing symptoms of menstrual cramps among late adolescent girls using soft tissue manipulation. Conclusion: This study concluded that the effect of soft tissue manipulation was found to be more significant than stretching in reducing primary dysmenorrhea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Every living thing ages, yet it seems that a person's activities and interactions with their surroundings may slow down to the point where their performance begins to deteriorate. Since cognition is linked to cortical and subcortical regions, these regions' deterioration is typically followed by a decline in cognition. Aging affects a number of cognitive functions, including the ability to quickly process information, reason, and pay attention. Purpose: To compare the Effectiveness of aerobic exercise and resistance exercise on improving cognitive function in older adults. Materials And Methods: The study type was a comparative pre-post type, and the study design was experimental. 68 old persons with cognitive scores of less than 20 provided the data. The study lasted for around 8 weeks. Males and females between the ages of 60 and 70 were selected. Study period: November 2022 to July 2023. Result: The Mini Mental Examination Test scale and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale, when compared between Groups A and B, show a highly significant difference in Mean values at P 0.001. Conclusion: In this study the findings suggest that Aerobic exercise is more beneficial than resistance strengthening exercise in increasing the cognitive function among the older people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A general definition of insomnia is a lack of satisfaction with either the quality or quantity of sleep. This is typically accompanied by one or more of the following: difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, difficulties awakening frequently or having trouble going back to sleep after awakening, and difficulty awakening in the early morning and having trouble going back to sleep. Purpose: To compare the effect of aerobic and progressive resistance exercise in Pittsburgh sleep quality index among patients with insomnia Materials and Methods: This was an experimental study. The 30 subjects were taken from the srisaithajam old age home. The subjects were split into two distinct groups as Group A (15 Subjects) and Group B (15 subjects). All the 30 subjects were assessed with Trunk Impairment Scale. Group A received task oriented training and Group B received Swiss ball exercise along with convention therapy given for both the groups. Exercise were given for 4 weeks, 5 days per week, 10 repetition * 3 sets. Pre test and post test values were calculated and tabulated. The intervention was given four weeks. The study period was from September 2022 to July 2023. Results: The collected data was statistically analyzed using an unpaired t-test. When comparing the Aerobic group(Group A) to the progressive resistance group(Group B), the aerobic group indicates significant effects (p 0.01) in Insomnia and improving the quality of life as assessed by the Pittsburgh Scale Quality Index among Insomnia Conclusion: According to the research Resistance exercise training is less effective than aerobic exercise training at reducing inflammation and improving sleep quality in subjects with insomnia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The main cause of injury-related death among the elderly is falling. The smart cane is a type of assistive tool. A smart cane's electronic sensors provide feedback and alert users to potential hazards, assisting users in keeping their balance while moving around. Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of a smart cane system for the elderly population that integrates feedback alerts and sensors to reduce falls. Materials and Methods: A Randomized Controlled Trial was done in elderly resort with 30 sample allocated into two group using lottery method .group-A receives conventional training using cane with quadripod base, while the group-B receives smart cane training using quadripod base .modified two-point gait pattern is employed for 2 months of training. The outcome measure used for physical measure is Elderly Mobility Scale (EMS) and for psychological is Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC,s). Results: According to the statistical analysis of the elderly mobility scale outcome measure, there were substantial changes in mobility and a decreased risk of falling .Based on the ABCs scale, when comparing the pre-test and post-test values, the experimental group's confidence in daily living is superior to the control group. Conclusion: According to the study's findings, a smart assistive cane can help the elderly population both physically and psychologically. During the gait training, the user of the smart assistive gadget did not encounter any unfavorable therapy-related consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Desk job workers are spending 75% of work hours in high levels of sitting and improper posture causing pain over the low back region.1 Physical exercise is recommended for reducing low back pain and it promotes a healthy lifestyle and quality of life for the workers.2 Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of Interferential therapy with ergonomic changes versus core strengthening exercises on low back pain among desk job workers. Materials and Methods: This was an Experimental study and the subjects were chosen from the KH shoe company, Ranipet. A total of (N=166) subjects participated in this study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The level of disability was assessed by using the Oswestry low back disability questionnaire and range of motion by modified Schober test and finger to floor test. The strengthening exercise was received by group B for 30 minutes and rest for 30 seconds. The entire study period was from September 2022 to July2023. Result: This study showed clinically significant reduction of low back pain using interferential therapy. Hence, by the conventional criteria, this difference is considered to be statistically significant P<0.0001. Conclusion: This study concluded that comparatively the interferential therapy with core strengthening exercise was more effective than the Interferential therapy with ergonomic changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In hand treatment assessments, hand grip strengths are utilized as a measure of strength. For all occupations, having a strong grip is a necessary requirement for success. Differences in the nature of the work, the workplace, and the things that professionals handle may be responsible for these behaviors. A good hand grip is highly helpful in a variety of hand-intensive occupations like physiotherapy and dentistry. Musculoskeletal disorders, especially in the hand and wrist region, are common and have a great impact on work life. Purpose: The need for this study is to evaluate and compare the differences in hand grip strength between physiotherapy and dental students and to see if clinical training for physiotherapy students and dental students will have an impact on their hand grip strength. Materials and methods: 100 subjects were selected from Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences based on the selection criteria where 50 subjects were physiotherapy students(interns) and 50 subjects were dental students(interns). The hand grip strength of the subjects was assessed with the help of a hand dynamometer and the measurements were recorded. The entire study was conducted from November 2022 to March 2023. Result: The results of this study shows that there was a difference between both the groups and that physiotherapy students have better hand grip when compared to the dental students. Conclusion: The results and the data obtained from this research concluded that grip strength of physiotherapy students is more than that of dental students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: One of the possible contributing factors of low back ache by hamstring stiffness on the ischial tuberosity. Movement restrictions or postural asymmetry lead to compensatory movement patterns of the lumbar spine, and subsequently increases stress on the spinal soft tissues and risk of low back pain (LBP), stretching and loosening the hamstring muscles can help relieve sciatic nerve root pressure and reduce the lower back pain. Purpose: The aim of the study to determine effectiveness of PNF stretching in hamstring tightness population having low back pain. Materials and Methods: Subjects who are willing to participate are separated into two groups and received treatment six times/week for two weeks in RENU'S Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation Centre, PNF stretching with hamstring strengthening exercise and conventional method of stretching with hamstring strengthening exercise, and informed about the study and signed consent were obtained. Results: The PNF stretching group exhibited a substantial improvement in the pre-test and post-test, suggesting that the PNF stretching for hamstring tightness for low back pain. Conclusion: According to the findings, PNF stretching technique has shown high significance in reducing hamstring tightness and reduced low back pain compared to conventional method of stretching and allowing participants with LBP to recover faster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study was developed to determine the effectiveness of core muscle strengthening exercises in reducing low back pain among bus drivers. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of core muscle strengthening exercises in reducing low back pain among bus drivers. Materials and Methods: The research project was conducted as a Quasi experimental study in Saveetha college of physiotherapy, Thandalam Chennai and RK Multispecialty physiotherapy clinic, Ayanavaram, Chennai. The interventional group received core muscle strengthening exercise for 6 weeks. Following the six-week treatment period, a post-test analysis was performed using the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Study period: from November 2022 to July 2023. Results: The values were statistically analysed using paired 't-test and the Unpaired 't-test. The statistical analysis made with the quantitative data revealed a statistically significant difference before and after the intervention. The pre-test mean value of the Mc gill questionnaire scale was 55.53 and the post-test value was 19.60. This shows that the result value obtained for disability is less after the intervention. Conclusion: From this result, it has been concluded that there is significant reduction in low back pain among bus drivers after the intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Degeneration can occur as a result of moisture loss and decreased flexibility in the neck's spinal discs over time. Cervical spondylosis can also be brought in addition to recurrent neck motions, prior neck injuries, bad posture, and genetic factors and by poor posture. Purpose: The study objective was comparison of the efficiency of interferential therapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in construction workers having cervical spondylosis using the short form of the MC Gill pain questionnaire. Methodology: 50 subjects participated in the study from Mars India Builds and selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjects assigned into interferential therapy group (n=25) and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation group (n=25). Along with this, static neck exercises were given to both groups. The treatment period was given for 40 mins and 6 days per week and continued for 2 weeks. The entire study process is conducted from November 2022 to April 2023. Result: From the finding of this study interferential therapy group post-test mean was 8.88 and whereas the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation group was 11.72. This strongly suggests that interferential therapy in construction workers having cervical spondylosis along with static neck exercises is more effective than transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Conclusion: In this study interferential therapy with static neck exercises among construction workers was found to be more effective than transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is an endocrine disorder distinguished by hormonal imbalances, ovarian dysfunction, and metabolic disturbances. The incidence of PCOS varies greatly in India, from 2.2% to 26%.14 Purpose: To find out the effect of Kapalabhati, Sithali, seethakari pranayama and yogic postures inPoly- cystic Ovarian Syndrome Materials and Methods: A total number 50 were selected from Jain Hospitals and labs based on inclusion criteria and were divided. Yoga group: Kapalabhati pranayama -- 3 rounds with 5 forceful expirations Sithali pranayama -- 5 breaths Seethakari pranayama - 5 breaths, Suryanamaskar -- 6 rounds Bhujangasana, supta baddha konasana, dhanurasana, badhakonasana, and Nauvasana all hold for 15 -- 30 s and dietary changes low fat food, less carbohydrates and high protein and meditation for 10 minutes. Conventional group: Conservative management including exercise including treadmill, steps climbing and cycling. Total session flows for an hour. Both groups were compared with the pre- and post-test measurements Results: The study shows a significant effect on Polycystic Ovarian syndrome using yoga intervention Conclusion: Yoga intervention can be used effectively on Polycystic ovarian syndrome for long term benefits [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Periarthritis shoulder is a shoulder ailment with no recognised cause. It gradually causes the shoulder's range of motion to be restricted. Between 2% and 3% of the general population suffer from adhesive shoulder capsulitis, which most frequently develops between the ages of 40-65 years. The region gradually thickens, leading to shoulder stiffness and increase in pain. Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of Maitland mobilization and Muscle energy technique in patients with periarthritis shoulder using SPADI and NPRS. Materials and Methods: Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups. Maitland mobilization group (n = 33) and Muscle Energy Technique group (n = 33). The subjects were assessed using SPADI and NPRS for pre and post-test values. The one group treated with Maitland mobilization (grade 1 and 2) were given to the patients along with some exercises. The other group were treated with muscle energy technique along with some exercises. These interventions were given for 4 weeks.The entire process was conducted from November 2022 to April 2023. Result: There was a significant improvement from pre-treatment levels in pain and ROM in Maitland mobilization group compared to muscle energy group. Conclusion: Hence the study concludes that there is a more significant increase in ROM and SPADI score, and a significant decrease in pain on NPRS by Maitland mobilization as compared with Muscle energy technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is an auto-immune inflammatory condition that affects the hand, wrist, and knee joints. Joint mobilization is frequently used in RA patients. This study was to find the effectiveness of Joint mobilization and Energy conservation technique using range of motion measurement and Sollerman hand function test in hand joints. Purpose: This study is to find the effect of Joint mobilization and Energy conservation technique which is a noninvasive procedure on Rheumatoid arthritis patients. Materials and Methods: A group of 60 Rheumatoid arthritis patients were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria from Saveetha medical college and hospital and SAGA Rehabilitation centre. they were divided into Joint mobilization group: (n=30) the subjects were treated with Joint mobilization and taught exercises to gain strength and mobility for 3 days a week for 4 weeks for 15-30 minutes and Energy conservation group: (n=30) the subjects are taught pacing the activities, prescribing assistive devices, foam-covered handles, wide grip handles using large joints to lift objects, teaching Proper body mechanics and Ergonomic considerations to be followed for 4 weeks. Study period: November 2022 to April 2023. Result: A statistically significant difference between Joint Mobilization and Energy conservation technique groups reveals that Joint mobilization has significant effects in lowering stiffness and pain and improving ROM of hand joints. Conclusion: Joint mobilization worked more effectively than energy conservation techniques in RA patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A general definition of Postural syndrome is a lack of muscle strength or the quality or quantity of movements. This is typically accompanied by one or more of the following all of the joints in the body have an effect on body posture, which is the alignment of a person's body parts with respect to one another and their surroundings at a specific moment in time. Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of Awareness through movements and swiss ball exercise on postural syndrome patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 28 individuals were chosen based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria from Sai Charan physiotherapy clinic, Arakkonam, Ranipet, Tamil Nadu,India. After explaining the treatment's safety and ease of use to the participants, a signed agreement was acquired. Group A [14N] Awareness through movements are given GroupB[14N] Swiss ball movements are given. The pre test and post test results were obtained through Patient specific functional scale. Study duration : 4 Weeks . The entire process was performed from November 2022 to March 2023. Results: As a result, swiss ball exercise is more effective than awareness through movement by analyzing the statistical values of pre test and post test. Conclusion: The study's goal is to evaluate its effects. of swiss ball movement exercise and awareness through movements postural syndrome individuals in the society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study was developed to determine the effectiveness of task oriented training and swiss ball exercise on balance among middle cerebral artery stroke patients. Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of task oriented training and swiss ball exercise on balance among middle cerebral artery stroke patients. Materials and Methods: This research is an experimental study. The 30 subjects obtained from SaiCharan Physio Centre were split into two distinct groups as Group A (15 Subjects) and Group B (15 subjects). All the 30 subjects were assessed with Trunk Impairment Scale as a pre test and the same test was performed for post test at the end of 4 weeks following the intervention protocol. Group A received task oriented training and Group B received Swiss ball exercise along with convention therapy given for both the groups. Exercise were given for 4 weeks, 5 days per week, 10 repetition * 3 sets. Pre test and post test values were calculated and tabulated. The entire period was performed from November 2022 to March 2023. Result: Statistical analysis of Trunk Impairment Scale Examination post values revealed the constantly significant differences, With the P value of <0.0001. Conclusion: Task oriented training with conventional therapy is more effective on enhancing the trunk balance among MCA Stroke patients than either using Swiss ball exercise with conventional therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Insomnia continues to be one of the most prevalent sleep disorders seen in geriatric clinic population. It is typically characterized by the subjective complaints of trouble falling asleep, or experiencing nonrestorative sleep. This study was developed to determine the effectiveness of Jacobson relaxation techniques and Bhastrika pranayama on sleep quality in elderly subjects. Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of jacobson relaxation techniques and Bhastrika pranayama on sleep quality in elderly subjects. Materials and Methods: This study is an experimental study . A total of 86 people participated in the study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, the participants were chosen from the old age home . The subjects who were willing to participate were divided into two separate groups as Group A (43 subjects) received jacobson relaxation techniques and Group B (43 subjects) received Bhastrika pranayama. All the 86 subjects were assessed with insomnia severity index scale. This techniques was given for 2 weeks, 5 days per week. Pre and post test values were calculated and tabulated. Study period: November 2022 to June 2023. Results: According to statistical analysis Jacobson relaxation techniques are effective in improving the sleep quality in elderly subjects with p value of <0.0001. Conclusion: This study finally concluded that Jacobson relaxation techniques have a higher impact "compared to Bhastrika Pranayama " in improving sleep quality in elderly subjects and also the quality of life in elderly subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study was designed to inspect the effectiveness of Mindfulness Yoga and Progressive resistance exercise on anxiety and depression among Parkinson's disease. Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of Mindfulness Yoga and Progressive resistance exercise on anxiety and depression among Parkinson's disease Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with a sample size of 28 participants. The subjects were selected from Sri Saga Physiotherapy Centre, according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were completely explained about the safety and simplicity of the procedure and informed consent were obtained from the patient. For all the subjects Pre-test outcome measure were assessed using Hamilton anxiety and Hamilton depression scale. The subjects was divided into two groups based on concealed envelope method. Group A were given mindfulness yoga for 4 weeks of duration of 30 mins and Group-B were given Progressive resistance exercise for 4 weeks (10 reps*3 sets where 10RM=1kg). At the end of 4th week post outcome measures were analyzed using Hamilton anxiety and Hamilton depression scale and statistically tabulated. Result: Statistical analysis of Hamilton anxiety and Hamilton depression scale examination post-test values revealed the constantly significant differences, with P value of < 0.0001. Conclusion: Mindfulness yoga was found to be more effective than progressive resistance exercise in reducing anxiety and depression symptoms among Parkinson's patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Damage or disease can result in peripheral nerve injury, which is a frequent clinical issue. It frequently renders a person disabled by causing severe sensory loss and motor deficiencies along with pain, tingling, burning and other nagging sensations. A form of ultrasound called Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, which uses far less energy than normal ultrasound (3 W/cm2). A biological reaction is triggered by low-level laser light having a wavelength of 808nm and a power range of 1-1000 mW. Purpose: The Study is to find out the effect of low-level laser therapy and low intensity pulsed ultrasound on motor recovery among experimentally induced peripheral nerve injury in Wistar rats. Methods: Eighteen rats were chosen in total, skin hair was removed to expose the sciatic nerve area, and the crush injury was done by hemostatic forceps for 30 seconds, the group 1 is ultrasound, group 2 is laser and group 3 is control group. The Step Length Ratio (SLR) was used as an outcome measure to assess motor recovery. Result: All three groups are statistically significant (p<0.001) was analysed using one-way ANOVA during intervention period (7th, 24th, 21st day) but LLLT & UST has shown better improvement in their functional index than the control group. Conclusion: According to the results, LLLT has more impact in motor recovery than LIPU also each treatment has substantial impact on accelerating nerve regeneration and shortening the recovery time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Peripheral nerve injuries are known to cause significant functional impairment and diminished sensory recovery, necessitating the exploration of effective therapeutic interventions. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to find the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) sensory recovery in an experimentally induced peripheral nerve injury rat model. Materials and Methods: In this study, 18 adult male wistar rats which are divided into LLLT (n = 6), LIPUS (n = 6), and control (n = 6) groups. All rats underwent a standardized procedure to induce peripheral nerve injury, while the control group received sham procedures. Hot-Plate test and Cold-Plate Tests were conducted for pre- and post-operative evaluation of sensory recovery at POD 7, 14, 21 days. Results: The study's findings revealed that LLLT exhibited significantly improved sensory recovery compared to LIPUS and control groups on POD 14 and 21, indicating its potential as a promising non-invasive intervention for managing peripheral nerve injuries (P <0.001). Conclusion: The study recommends that LLLT is more effective when compared with LIPUS in promoting sensory recovery and enhancing in a rat model of peripheral nerve injury. Positive outcomes indicate LLLT's potential as a promising intervention for managing peripheral nerve injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]