Search

Introduction: Toxocariasis is an infection caused in canines, felines, humans, and other vertebrates by species of the genus Toxocara, such as T. canis and T. cati. The embryonated eggs of these parasites are the primary means of acquiring the infection for both definitive hosts, dogs and cats, respectively, and for intermediates, such as humans and other vertebrates. When deposited on park soils, environmental contamination becomes a risk to environmental, human, and animal health. Objective: To determine the global prevalence of Toxocara cati in cats (Felis catus). Methods: A systematic review of the literature was carried out in six databases (Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciELO and Google Scholar) to evaluate the global prevalence of Toxocara cati in cats, defined by coproparasitological, histological, and molecular techniques. A meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model to calculate pooled prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). A two-tailed 5% alpha level was used for hypothesis testing. Results: Two hundred and eighty-nine studies were included. The global pooled prevalence of Toxocara cati in cats using coproparasitological methods was 17.0% (95.0% CI: 16.2–17.8%). In the subgroup analysis according to country, Nepal had the highest prevalence of T. cati infection (94.4%; 95% CI 89.7–99.2%). The pooled prevalence of T. cati infection by PCR in four studies was 4.9% (95.0% CI: 1.9–7.9%). Conclusions: This systematic review underscores the need for preventive action against toxocariasis due to its widespread prevalence. The interplay between animal and human health should be emphasised, necessitating measures like deworming cats, hygiene practices, and public education to mitigate risks. Safeguarding feline health can also reduce human transmission, benefiting both species.

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Surgery & Clinical Research is the property of Master Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study reports on the findings of a symposium co-sponsored by blinded information focused on how to address child sexual abuse in communities and organizations. The focus of this study was on the participants' perspectives regarding how individuals, organizations, and communities can prevent child sexual abuse. All those who attended were invited to participate in the study by responding to an online survey that included open-ended questions focused on barriers and promoters for decreasing child sexual abuse in the global community. In total, 76 respondents completed the survey and of those, 39 were from the United States, with the majority of the participants were female (n=52, 68%; males n = 24, 32%), with an average age of 51 (range = 23–86; median = 52). The constant comparison method of qualitative data analysis was used to identify the three major themes for barriers and strategies that emerged: Views of Society, Education/Increasing Awareness, and Systematic/Structural Changes. Each major theme was comprised of subthemes that provide additional details of the responses. Recommendations for primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary levels of prevention are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El caso presenta a un paciente canino hembra de aproximadamente un año y medio de edad, que llega a consulta a la Clínica para Pequeños Animales de la Universidad de la Amazonía con signos de dolor abdominal. El propietario del animal indica su previa esterilización. Además de la exploración clínica del paciente, se enviaron muestras para pruebas complementarias de paraclínicos de rutina y ecografía abdominal las cuales evidenciaron alteraciones como engrosamiento en las paredes la vejiga y paradójicamente el útero con distensión patológica de los cuernos, engrosamiento endometrial y acúmulo de fluido en su interior, compatible con piómetra; adicional a esto, se encontraron estructuras irregulares próximas al mismo que encaminaron la realización de una laparotomía exploratoria, mediante la cual se ubicó el cuerpo extraño (Oblito), en el marco de un diagnóstico de peritonitis severa. El cuerpo extraño fue removido junto con las estructuras reproductivas a partir de la técnica de ovariosalpingohirestectomia. El protocolo terapéutico y de manejo establecido permitió una evolución satisfactoria del paciente, sin embargo, resulta relevante indicar la necesidad de procurar servición clínicos confiables para las mascotas, indistinto del valor de los procedimientos y una mayor compromiso ético en el ejercicio de la Medicina Veterinaria.

Abstract Background Making a definite diagnosis of infectious uveitis is a challenging task because many other infectious, and non-infectious uveitis, may have similar non-specific symptoms and overlapping clinical appearances. Co-infections in immunocompetent patients are not frequently proved with traditional serologic-diagnostic tools. Methods Descriptive transversal study, in a Uveitis Service of an Ophthalmology Reference Center, in Bogotá, Colombia, from July 2014 to February 2016. Aqueous humor (AH) and/or vitreous fluid, blood and serum samples were collected from consecutive patients suspected of having infectious uveitis. The diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) was confirmed by the Goldmann–Witmer coefficient (GWC) and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Differential diagnosis by PCR in AH was done for viral origin such as Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV2), Varicella zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Results In 66 Colombian patients with uveitis of presumed infectious origin: 22 (33.3%) were confirmed as OT, 16 (24.2%) as undetermined OT, five (7.5%) as co-infections and 23 (34.8%) as other uveitis. Toxoplasma coinfection with M. tuberculosis was identified in one case by PCR and in four cases with HSV by GWC. The initial clinical diagnosis changed, after laboratory examination, in 21 cases (31.8%). Conclusions Clinical diagnosis can be changed by laboratory examination in a significant proportion of cases of uveitis. Diagnosis of OT should combine the use of PCR and GWC to reach the maximum of confirmation of cases. The use of multiple laboratory methods is necessary to identify co-infections and viral infections that can mimic OT in immunocompetent patients.

Se reporta un caso clínico de un canino raza pinscher de cinco años aproximadamente, con trauma en el miembro pélvico derecho y claudicación grado III. Luego de la radiografía se diagnostica fractura Salter harris tipo I, para cuyo manejo ser discute y concerta con el propietario, la instauración de dos cirugías ortopédicas de osteosíntesis de la diáfisis femoral y de extracción de la placa ósea; el plan terapéutico consistió en el uso de analgésicos, antiinflamatorios, antibióticos y multivitamínicos con aminoácidos, con el propósito de estabilizar y preparara el paciente para los procedimientos quirúrgicos programados. El paciente evolucionó exitosamente al tratamiento quirúrgico y farmacológico.

Abstract Background We present a performance per watt analysis of CUDAlign 4.0, a parallel strategy to obtain the optimal pairwise alignment of huge DNA sequences in multi-GPU platforms using the exact Smith-Waterman method. Results Our study includes acceleration factors, performance, scalability, power efficiency and energy costs. We also quantify the influence of the contents of the compared sequences, identify potential scenarios for energy savings on speculative executions, and calculate performance and energy usage differences among distinct GPU generations and models. For a sequence alignment on chromosome-wide scale (around 2 Petacells), we are able to reduce execution times from 9.5 h on a Kepler GPU to just 2.5 h on a Pascal counterpart, with energy costs cut by 60%. Conclusions We find GPUs to be an order of magnitude ahead in performance per watt compared to Xeon Phis. Finally, versus typical low-power devices like FPGAs, GPUs keep similar GFLOPS/w ratios in 2017 on a five times faster execution.

Introduction: The evaluation of integrated care programmes for high-need high-cost older people is a challenge. We aim to share the early implementation results of the ProPCC programme in the North-Barcelona metropolitan area, in Catalonia, Spain. Methods: We analysed the intervention with retrospective data from May 2018 to December 2021 by describing the cohort complexity and by showing its 6-months pre-post impact on time spent at home and resources used: primary care visits, emergency department visits, hospital admissions and hospital stay. Findings: 264 cases were included (91% at home; 9% in nursing homes). 6-month pre vs. 6-months post results were (mean, p-value): primary care visits 8.2 vs. 11.5 (p < 0.05); emergency department visits 1.4 vs. 0.9 (p < 0.05); hospital admissions 0.7 vs. 0.5 (p < 0.05); hospital stay 12.8 vs. 7.9 days (p < 0.05). Time spent at home was 169.2 vs.174.2 days (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Early implementation of the ProPCC programme results in an increase in time spent at home (up to 3%) and significant reductions in emergency department attendance (-37.2%) and hospital stays (-38.3%). The increased use of primary care resources is compensated by the hospital resources savings, with a result in the average total cost of -46.3%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]