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4. Detection of rotavirus and norovirus among children with acute gastroenteritis in Merida and Chihuahua cities, Mexico.

Author

Alcalá, Ana C., Cancio-Lonches, Clotilde, Ramírez Ricardo, Joel, Torres Romero, Julio Cesar, Infante-Ramírez, Rocio, Delgado-Gardea, Maria Carmen E., Alcaraz-Estrada, Sofia L., Lara-Riegos, Julio, and Lorena Gutiérrez-Escolano, Ana

Subjects
*CITIES & towns, *GASTROENTERITIS, *VIRAL gastroenteritis, *ROTAVIRUSES, *NOROVIRUSES
Abstract

Introduction: Infantile acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries. The most frequent etiological agents of viral gastroenteritis in children are adenovirus, astrovirus, rotavirus, and norovirus, the last two, leading causes. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the presence of these two viruses in children with AGE, from two cities located in the Southeast and the Northwest regions of México. Methodology: HuNoVs were detected and characterized by RT-PCR and sequencing, while RVs were detected by RNA electrophoresis. Results: The presence of RV and HuNoV was evaluated in 81 stool samples; 37 were collected between April and July 2013 from patients with acute diarrhea in Merida, and 44 were collected between January and June 2017 in Chihuahua, who attended health services. Despite vaccination, RV resulted in the predominant viruses detected, with 30.8% (25/81) positivity, while HuNoV infection was present in 8.6% (7/81) of the stool samples; GII strains were identified circulating in the Southeast, while GI strains were identified in the Northwest. Moreover, coinfections with both viruses were detected at a prevalence rate of 2.4% (2/81). Conclusions: The circulation of RV and HuNoV in the country is continuous and should be constantly monitored due to their impact on public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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14. Estudio de la infección por rotavirus y calicivirus en neonatos de la Maternidad 'Concepción Palacios' de Caracas

Author

Morales, María Rosángel, Marrugo, Manuel, Angulo, Gilberto, González, Rosabel, Alcalá, Ana C., González, Germán G., Vizzi, Esmeralda, Liprandi, Ferdinando, and Ludert, Juan E.

Subjects
fluids and secretions, rotavirus, viruses, virus diseases, calicivirus, neonatos, neonates
Abstract

En un estudio realizado en 1984 en la Maternidad "Concepción Palacios", Pérez-Schael y col. detectaron excreción asintomática de rotavirus en el 56% de los recién nacidos evaluados. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la infección por rotavirus en neonatos de la Maternidad y comparar datos con aquellos obtenidos anteriormente. Además, se investigó la presencia de calicivirus en dicha población. Entre agosto y diciembre de 2004, se recolectaron 307 muestras de heces provenientes de 215 neonatos sanos. Para la detección de los agentes virales se utilizaron ensayos tipo ELISA comerciales y no comerciales. Estos ensayos identificaron como positivas a rotavirus y calicivirus a un total de 14 y 58 muestras, respectivamente. Sin embargo, al realizar pruebas para corroborar la presencia de rotavirus por microscopia electrónica, EGPA y RT-PCR y para calicivirus por RT-PCR, ninguna de las muestras señaladas como positivas pudo ser confirmada. Estos resultados sugieren la no-circulación tanto de rotavirus como de calicivirus dentro de la Maternidad. Es posible que la interrupción de la transmisión de rotavirus dentro de la Institución pueda deberse a cambios en el manejo del par madre-neonato introducidos en la Maternidad desde 1995, promovidos por la OMS y UNICEF. In a study carried out in 1984 at the "Concepción Palacios" Maternity Hospital, Perez-Schael et al (J Med Virol 1984, 14:127) detected asymptomatic excretion of rotavirus in 56% of the neonates evaluated. The purpose of this work was to study rotavirus infection in neonates at the Maternity Hospital and compare the new data with those previously obtained. We also studied calicivirus presence in said population. Between August and December 2004, 307 feces samples were collected from 215 healthy neonates. Commercial and non commercial ELISA type assays were used for detection of viral agents. These assays identified a total of 14 and 58 samples as rotavirus and calicivirus positive respectively. Nevertheless, when carrying out tests to corroborate rotavirus presence with electron microscopy, EGPA and RT-PCR, and for calicivirus with RT-PCR, none of the samples previously shown as positive could be confirmed. These results suggest the non-circulation of both rotavirus and calicivirus within the Maternity Hospital. It is possible that the interruption of rotavirus transmission within this Institution could be due to changes in the management of the mother-child unit promoted by WHO and UNICEF, and introduced at the Maternity Hospital since 1995.

Published
2007

16. [Molecular identification of bovine enteric calciviruses in Venezuela].

Author

Alcalá AC, Hidalgo MA, Obando C, Vizzi E, Liprandi F, and Ludert JE

Subjects
Animals, Caliciviridae isolation & purification, Caliciviridae Infections virology, Cattle, Feces virology, Humans, Phylogeny, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Caliciviridae genetics, Caliciviridae Infections veterinary, RNA, Viral genetics
Abstract

Caliciviruses are a well-established cause of respiratory, vesicular and hemorrhagic diseases in animals. In addition, these viruses are an important cause of enteric diseases in humans. Recently, molecular analysis of several bovine enteric calicivirus isolates indicated that they are genetically close to human enteric calicivirus. To investigate if bovine enteric caliciviruses circulate in Venezuela, 129 stool samples collected between 1994 and 2000 were assayed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction amplification. The presence of calicivirus was confirmed in one of the samples analyzed, collected in the Lara State from a healthy calf, 2 months old. Phylogenetic studies based on partial RNA polymerase sequences indicated that the Venezuelan isolate (Bo/NV/Lara/2000/VE) is most closely related to the genogroup III, genus Noroviruses.

Published
2003

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