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Bathylaco nigricans Goode & Bean, 1896. To 36 cm (14.2 in) SL (Krefft 1985). Circumglobal; Washington (46��48���N) (Lauth 1999) to Colombia (Fitch and Lavenberg 1968). Depth: 450���4,540 (1,476 ���14,891 ft) (Markle and Qu��ro in Whitehead et al. 1984)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Krefft, G. (1985) Alepocephalidae (Osteichthyes, Argentioidei) dreier Reisen der Fischerei-forschungschiffe \" Anton Dohrn \" und \" Walther Herwig \" in den Nordatlantik. Archiv Fischereiwissenschaft, 36, 213 - 233.","Lauth, R. R. (1999) The 1997 Pacific Coast West Coast upper continental slope trawl survey of groundfish resources off Washington, Oregon, and California: estimates of distribution, abundance, and length composition. National Marine Fisheries Service Technical Memorandum, NMFS-AFSC- 97.","Fitch, J. E. & Lavenberg, R. J. (1968) Deep-Water Fishes of California. California Natural History Guides, No. 25, University of California Press, Berkeley.","Whitehead, P. J. P., Bauchot, M. - L., Hureau, J. - C., Nielsen, J. & Tortonese, E. (Eds.). (1984) Fishes of the North-Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Volume I. UNESCO, Paris. [Reprint with corrections, 1989.]"]}

Unidentified opistognathid. Lissner and Dorsey (1986) observed from a manned submersible a jawfish they were unable to identify at Tanner��� Cortes Bank, southern California., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 150, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Lissner, A. L. & Dorsey, J. H. (1986) Deep-water biological assemblages of a hard-bottom bank-ridge complex of the southern California continental borderland. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 85, 87 - 101."]}

Rouleina attrita (Vaillant, 1888). Softskin Slickhead. To 51 cm (20.1 in) TL (Parin et al. 2008). Circumglobal in temperate to tropical waters; Sea of Okhotsk, North Pacific Ocean; one record from western Bering Sea over Shirshov Ridge (Mecklenburg et al. 2002); eastern Bering Sea and Washington (44��09.51���N) (Kenaley and Orr 2006); Oregon (44��09.5���N, 125��03���W) (Personal communication: University of Washington, Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture Fish Collection, Seattle, Washington). Depth: 450���2,300 m (1,476 ���7,544 ft) (Robertson et al. 2017)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Parin, N. V., Timokhin, I. G., Novikov, N. P. & Shcherbachev, Yu. N. (2008) On the composition of talassobathyal ichthyofauna and commercial productivity of Mozambique seamount (the Indian Ocean). Journal of Ichthyology, 48, 361 - 366. https: // doi. org / 10.1134 / s 0032945208050019","Kenaley, C. P. & Orr, J. W. (2006) Rouleina attrita (Osmeriformes: Alepocephalidae): new records for the eastern North Pacific and Bering Sea. Ichthyological Research, 53, 200 - 202. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10228 - 006 - 0334 - 6","Robertson, D. R., Angulo, A., Baldwin, C. C., Pitassy, D., Driskell, A., Weigt, L. & Navarro, I. J. F. (2017) Deep-water bony fishes collected by the B / O Miguel Oliver on the shelf edge of Pacific Central America: an annotated, illustrated and DNAbarcoded checklist. Zootaxa, 4348, 1 - 125. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4348.1.1"]}

Bajacalifornia burragei Townsend & Nichols, 1925. Sharpchin Slickhead. To 19.8 cm (7.8 in) SL (Childress et al. 1980). Indo-Pacific (Fricke et al. 2020); western Pacific Ocean north to Taiwan (Yeh et al. 2006); northern California (40��N) (Bradburn et al. 2011) to Chile (23��51���S, 71��01���W) (Chirichigno and V��lez 1998), including Gulf of California (Ambrose in Moser 1996), and questionably off Peru (Markle and Krefft 1985). Depth: 128��� 3,476 m (420���11,400 ft) (min.: Personal communication: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Fish Collection, La Jolla, California; max.: Personal communication: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Fish Collection, La Jolla, California)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Townsend, C. H. & Nichols, J. T. (1925) Deep sea fishes of the Albatross Lower California expedition. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 52, 1 - 21.","Childress, J. J., Taylor, S. M., Cailliet, G. M. & Price, H. M. (1980) Patterns of growth, energy utilization and reproduction in some meso- and bathypelagic fishes off southern California. Marine Biology, 61, 27 - 40.","Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & van der Laan, R. (Eds). 2020. Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, Reference. Available from: http: // researcharchive. calacademy. org / research / ichthyology / catalog / fishcatmain. asp (accessed 17 April 2021).","Yeh, H. - M, Lee, M. - Y. & Shao, K. - T. (2006) Ten Taiwanese new records of alepocephalid fishes (Pisces: Alepocephalidae) collected from the deep waters by the RV ' Ocean Researcher 1 '. Journal of the Fish Society of Taiwan, 33, 265 - 279.","Bradburn, M. J., Keller, A. A. & Horness, B. H. (2011) The 2003 to 2008 U. S. West Coast bottom trawl surveys of groundfish resources off Washington, Oregon, and California: estimates of distribution, abundance, length, and age composition. National Marine Fisheries Service Technical Memorandum, NMFS-NWFSC- 114.","Chirichigno, F. N. & Velez D, J. (1998) Clave para identificaticar los peces marinos del Peru (segunda edicion, revisada y actualizada). Instituto de Mar de Peru Publicacion Especial.","Moser, H. G. (Ed.). (1996) The early stages of fishes in the California Current region. CALCOFI Atlas, No. 33.","Markle, D. F. & Krefft, G. (1985) A new species and review of Bajacalifornia (Pisces: Alepocephalidae) with comments on the hook jaw of Narcetes stomias. Copeia, 1985, 345 - 356."]}

Conocara salmoneum (Gill & Townsend, 1897). Deepsea Slickhead. To at least 73 cm (28.7 in) SL (Markle and Qu��ro in Whitehead et al. 1984). Atlantic and Pacific Oceans; three records from the Pacific: near Pribilof Islands, Bering Sea (Gill and Townsend 1897), off Oregon (Personal communication: University of Washington, Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture Fish Collection, Seattle, Washington), and Santa Catalina Island, southern California (Gilbert 1915). Bathypelagic; depth: about 2,400 ���4,200 m (7,874 ���13,779 ft) (Markle and Qu��ro in Whitehead et al. 1984)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Gill, T. N. & Townsend, C. H. (1897) Diagnoses of new species of fishes found in Bering Sea. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 11, 231 - 234.","Whitehead, P. J. P., Bauchot, M. - L., Hureau, J. - C., Nielsen, J. & Tortonese, E. (Eds.). (1984) Fishes of the North-Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Volume I. UNESCO, Paris. [Reprint with corrections, 1989.]","Gilbert, C. H. (1915) Fishes collected by the United States steamer \" Albatross \" in southern California in 1904. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 48, 305 - 380."]}

Asquamiceps caeruleus Markle, 1980. To 33.7 cm (13.3 in) SL (Markle 1980). Circumglobal (Markle 1980); Gulf of Alaska (57��50���N, 148��24���W) (Stevenson et al. 2009); off Bah��a Magdalena, southern Baja California (Personal communication: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Fish Collection, La Jolla, California). Mesopelagic; depth: to perhaps 2,740 m (8,987 ft) (Markle 1980). Perhaps a synonym of Asquamiceps pacificus Parr, 1954; provisionally as A. caeruleus (Stevenson et al. 2009)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Markle, D. F. (1980) A new species and a review of the deep-sea fish genus Asquamiceps (Salmoniformes: Alepocephalidae). Bulletin of Marine Science, 30, 45 - 53.","Stevenson, D. E. & Sheiko, B. A. (2009) Clarification of the Lycodes diapterus species complex (Perciformes: oarcidae), with comments on the subgenus Furcimanus. Copeia, 2009, 125 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.1643 / ci- 08 - 069","Parr, A. E. (1954) Review of the deep-sea fishes of the genus Asquamiceps Zugmayer, with descriptions of two new species. American Museum Novitates, No. 1655."]}

Asquamiceps pacificus Parr, 1954. To 8.5 cm (3.4 in) SL (Parr 1954). Off Bah��a San Cristobal, southern Baja California (27��07���N, 115��08���W) (Markle 1980) to Gulf of Panama (Parr 1954). Deep water., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Parr, A. E. (1954) Review of the deep-sea fishes of the genus Asquamiceps Zugmayer, with descriptions of two new species. American Museum Novitates, No. 1655.","Markle, D. F. (1980) A new species and a review of the deep-sea fish genus Asquamiceps (Salmoniformes: Alepocephalidae). Bulletin of Marine Science, 30, 45 - 53."]}

Talismania bifurcata (Parr, 1951). Threadfin Slickhead. To 27.7 cm (11.1 in) SL (Kong and Mel��ndez 1991). Off north-western Vancouver Island (50��03���N, 129��31���W) (Gavin Hanke, pers. comm. to M.L.) to Chile (29��S) (Kong and Mel��ndez 1991). Depth: 300���2,155 m (984���7,068 ft) (min.: Robertson et al. 2017; max.: Personal communication: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Fish Collection, La Jolla, California).A record of 4,335 m (14,220 ft) (Personal communication: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Fish Collection, La Jolla, California) was based on the maximum depth fished by a midwater trawl and may represent a catch shallower than the maximum depth., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Kong, I. & Melendez, C. R. (1991) Estudio taxonomico y sistematico de la ictiofauna de aguas profundas capturada entie Arica e Isla Mocha (18 ° 30 ' - 38 ° 30 ' Lat. S). Estudios Oceanograficos, 10, 1 - 81.","Robertson, D. R., Angulo, A., Baldwin, C. C., Pitassy, D., Driskell, A., Weigt, L. & Navarro, I. J. F. (2017) Deep-water bony fishes collected by the B / O Miguel Oliver on the shelf edge of Pacific Central America: an annotated, illustrated and DNAbarcoded checklist. Zootaxa, 4348, 1 - 125. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4348.1.1"]}

Narcetes stomias (Gilbert, 1890). To 59.4 cm (23.4 in) SL (Porteiro et al. 2017). Circumglobal; Washington (Matarese et al. 1989) to Gulf of Panama (Sazonov 1998). Depth: 1,070 ���3,200 m (3,510 ���10,496 ft) (Roberts et al. 2015)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Porteiro, F. M., Sutton, T., Byrkjedal, I., Orlov, A. M. & Heino, M. (2017) Fishes of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge collected during the MAR-ECO cruise in June - July 2004: an annotated checklist. Arquipelago, Supplement 10.","Matarese, A. C., Kendall Jr., A. W., Blood, D. M. & Vintner, B. M. (1989) Laboratory guide to early life history stages of northeast Pacific fishes. NOAA Technical Report NMFS, 80.","Sazonov, Y. I. (1998) A brief review of the genus Narcetes (Alepocephalidae) with a description of the genus type N. erimelas. Journal of Ichthyology, 38, 491 - 500.","Roberts, C. D., Stewart, A. L. & Struthers, C. D. (Eds.). (2015) The Fishes of New Zealand. Te Papa Press, Wellington."]}

Bathytroctes macrolepis G��nther, 1887. 40 cm (15.7 in) SL (Froese and Pauly 2019; note that we were unable to verify this record). Circumglobal; about 290 km (179.8 mi) west of Cape Mendocino, northern California (Stein 1985, as Belocia alvifrons) to Islas Tres Marias (Personal communication: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Fish Collection, La Jolla, California); Chile (Personal communication: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Fish Collection, La Jolla, California). Depth: about 740 to 5,850 m (2,427 ���19,188 ft) (min.: Personal communication: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Fish Collection, La Jolla, California; max.: Sazonov 1999)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (Eds). (2019) FishBase. World Wide Web Electronic Publication. www. fishbase. org, version (12 / 2019).","Stein, D. L. (1985) Towing large nets by single warp at abyssal depths: methods and biological results. Deep-Sea Research, 32, 183 - 200.","Sazonov, Y. I. (1999) On the revision of the genus Bathytroctes Gunther (Alepocephalidae): a review of the abyssobenthopelagic forms (previously referred to the genus Nomoctes) with a description of two new species. Journal of Ichthyology, 39, 699 - 712."]}

Asquamiceps velaris Zugmayer, 1911. To 17 cm (6.7 in) SL or more (Markle and Qu��ro in Whitehead et al. 1984). Circumglobal; off southern Baja California (Markle 1980). Depth: 1,300���3,660 m (4,290���12,004 ft) (Markle and Qu��ro in Whitehead et al. 1984)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Whitehead, P. J. P., Bauchot, M. - L., Hureau, J. - C., Nielsen, J. & Tortonese, E. (Eds.). (1984) Fishes of the North-Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Volume I. UNESCO, Paris. [Reprint with corrections, 1989.]","Markle, D. F. (1980) A new species and a review of the deep-sea fish genus Asquamiceps (Salmoniformes: Alepocephalidae). Bulletin of Marine Science, 30, 45 - 53."]}

Stomias atriventer Garman, 1899. Blackbelly Dragonfish. To 25 cm (10 in) TL (Fitch and Lavenberg 1968). Washington (48��N) (Bradburn et al. 2011) to Gulf of California to northern Chile (Moser in Moser 1996). Depth: 15���2,124 m (49���6,967 ft) (min.: Personal communication: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Fish Collection, La Jolla, California; max.: Cruz-Acevedo et al. 2018). A record of 4,335 m (14,220 ft) (Personal communication: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Fish Collection, La Jolla, California) was based on the maximum depth fished by a midwater trawl and may represent a catch shallower than the maximum depth., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Fitch, J. E. & Lavenberg, R. J. (1968) Deep-Water Fishes of California. California Natural History Guides, No. 25, University of California Press, Berkeley.","Bradburn, M. J., Keller, A. A. & Horness, B. H. (2011) The 2003 to 2008 U. S. West Coast bottom trawl surveys of groundfish resources off Washington, Oregon, and California: estimates of distribution, abundance, length, and age composition. National Marine Fisheries Service Technical Memorandum, NMFS-NWFSC- 114.","Moser, H. G. (Ed.). (1996) The early stages of fishes in the California Current region. CALCOFI Atlas, No. 33.","Cruz-Acevedo, E., Tolimieri, N. & Aguirre-Villasenor, H. (2018) Deep-sea fish assemblages (300 - 2100 m) in the eastern Pacific off northern Mexico. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 592, 225 - 242. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / meps 12502"]}

Rouleina sp. Monterey Bay, central California (Jeffrey Drazen, pers. comm. to M.L.)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008

Photostylus pycnopterus Beebe, 1933. Beaded Slickhead. To 13 cm (5.1 in) SL (Tsukamoto et al. 1992). (We assume that in the range of ���39.9���13.0 mm SL��� given by Tsukomoto et al. for total specimens examined, the 13.0 mm is a misprint for 130 mm = 13 cm.) Circumglobal; Japan (Tsukamoto et al. 1992); San Clemente Island, southern California (Personal communication: Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Fish Collection, Los Angeles, California) to northern Baja California (32��36���N, 118��05���W) (Wisner 1967). Depth: 650���2,868 m (2,132 ���9,407 ft) (min.: Balanov et al. 2009; max.: Nakamura and Okamura in Okamura et al. 1995)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Tsukamoto, Y., Aizawa, M. & Okiyama, M. (1992) First record of the alepocephalid fish, Photostylus pycnopterus, from Japan. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 39, 255 - 258.","Wisner, R. L. (1967) New data on the rare alepocephalid fish Photostylus pyctnopterus. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 67, 153 - 158.","Balanov, A. A., Moku, M., Kawaguchi, K. & Shinohara, G. (2009) Fishes collected by commercial size midwater trawls from the Pacific coast off northern Japan. In: Fujita, T. (Ed.), Deepsea Fauna and Pollutants of Pacific Coast of Northern Japan. National Museum of Nature and Science Monograph No. 39, pp. 655 - 681.","Okamura, O., Amaoka, K., Takeda, M., Yano, K., Okuda, K. & Chikuni, S. (1995) Fishes Collected by the R / V Shinkai Maru Around Greenland. Japan Marine Fishery Resources Research Center."]}

International audience; Caudal fin skeletons of teleost fishes have been well-studied in the context of phylogenetic relationships. However, the small cartilages at the distal end of the diastema, the ‘median caudal cartilages’, have gained only little attention so far. For the first time we here report their taxa-dependent variable three-dimensional structure. We investigated 143 species of 62 teleost families for this study. The shape and arrangement of these cartilages is uniform in some systematic groups, e.g. Alepocephalidae, Platytroctidae or Myctophiformes; in other taxa there is high intrataxon variability, e.g. Stomiiformes or Aulopiformes. Shape, number and presence/absence may even vary in certain species, e.g. Osmerus eperlanus, Thymallus thymallus or Gymnocorymbus ternetzi. The function of median caudal cartilages remains unclear. It has been suggested that they might be related to fin-ray support, although an obvious relation to fin rays is lacking in several taxa. Their presence and size is not dependent on the size of the diastema. Median caudal cartilages seem to have evolved at the base of clupeocephalans and occur in many taxa up to about aulopiforms, as well as single beryciforms. It seems that they are often reduced at different systematic levels and may have re-evolved in some taxa.

A novel species of the family Alepocephalidae (slickheads), Narcetes shonanmaruae, is described based on four specimens collected at depths greater than 2171 m in Suruga Bay, Japan. Compared to other alepocephalids, this species is colossal (reaching ca. 140 cm in total length and 25 kg in body weight) and possesses a unique combination of morphological characters comprising anal fin entirely behind the dorsal fin, multiserial teeth on jaws, more scale rows than congeners, precaudal vertebrae less than 30, seven branchiostegal rays, two epurals, and head smaller than those of relatives. Mitogenomic analyses also support the novelty of this large deep-sea slickhead. Although most slickheads are benthopelagic or mesopelagic feeders of gelatinous zooplankton, behavioural observations and dietary analyses indicate that the new species is piscivorous. In addition, a stable nitrogen isotope analysis of specific amino acids showed that N. shonanmaruae occupies one of the highest trophic positions reported from marine environments to date. Video footage recorded using a baited camera deployed at a depth of 2572 m in Suruga Bay revealed the active swimming behaviour of this slickhead. The scavenging ability and broad gape of N. shonanmaruae might be correlated with its colossal body size and relatively high trophic position.

Mitochondrial gene orders in vertebrates have proven to comprise strong phylogenetic characters when reconstructing phylogenetic relationships. Unfortunately, larger gene-order rearrangements, comp...

The deepest systematic collection of benthic fishes in Australian waters (108 species from 48 families in 200–3000 m depths) was taken by beam trawl during two surveys in the central Great Australian Bight (GAB) in 2015. All samples were on sediment habitats, but some were in close proximity to volcanic seamounts and outcropping rocky seabed in submarine canyons. The great majority of species were previously recorded from Australian waters (90%), and the GAB (75%). A markedly lower proportion of recorded species occurred at greater depths (1700–3000 m) where there had been virtually no previous sampling: 74% in Australian waters, and 30% in GAB waters. The fauna is dominated by families that typify many areas of the global deep sea: rattails (Macrouridae), cut-throat eels (Synaphobranchidae), morid cods (Moridae), oreo dories (Oreosomatidae), slickheads (Alepocephalidae), cusk-eels (Ophidiidae) and halosaurs (Halosauridae). The Macrouridae was most diverse, occurred most frequently, was most abundant (density) in 400 m and all deeper strata, and top ranked by biomass and density in standardised data. The predominant patterns of biogeographical affinities were strongly influenced by depth. Endemic species were most prevalent in shelf break and upper to mid-slope depths (both 52%), and declined with increasing depth (upper to mid-slope species 25%; lower slope/rise 4%), consistent with a general pattern in the Australian ichthyofauna. Fish biomass (gm−2) was significantly related to depth, being relatively very low (~0.5 gm−2) at 200 m depth, highest at 400 m (~3.4 gm−2), then steadily declining with increasing depth to about 0.4 gm−2 at 3000 m depth. Depth was the main factor explaining assemblage structure. There was no clear distinction of assemblages at sites close to structured habitats, and no longitudinal pattern across a gradient of productivity (higher in the east due to summertime upwelling). The GAB is presently being considered for oil and gas exploration in areas extending from the shelf break (200 m) to beyond 4000 m depths. The current data set has the potential to inform biodiversity management in the GAB, including the design of an ecological monitoring program prior to oil and gas exploration, because it includes samples from within and immediately adjacent to the Great Australian Bight Australian Marine Park (GAB AMP) and six active lease blocks. The data set outlined provides a quality assured inventory of fishes, mapping species distributions and associations with habitats in the area of interest, and identifies potential sites of impact and suitable control sites inside and outside marine parks.

Phuket Marine Biological Center Research Bulletin, 77, 1, 109–119

Andréfouët, Serge, Chen, Wei-Jen, Kinch, Jeff, Mana, Ralph, Russell, Barry C., Tully, Dean, White, William T. (2019): Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 810 new records. Zootaxa 4588 (1): 1-360, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4588.1.1

The structure and composition of deep-sea fish assemblages living on the middle slope off NW Africa (26–33° N) were investigated. Data were collected by six commercial trawlers during experimental fishing (1027 hauls) at depths between 800 and 1515 m. A total of 1,115,727 fish specimens, belonging to 37 families and 96 species (24 Elasmobranchii, 5 Holocephali, and 67 Actinopteri) were collected with bottom trawls. The deep-sea demersal fish fauna off NW Africa is dominated by fishes of the family Macrouridae, followed by the Moridae and Alepocephalidae families. The main abundant species were Trachyrincus scabrus , Bathygadus favosus , Mora moro , Alepocephalus productus , Nezumia aequalis and Bathygadus melanobranchus. PERMANOVA analysis showed differences in demersal fish assemblages among bottom types, depth strata and between areas (north and south of parallel 30° N), with the area being the most influential factor followed by the type of substrate. PERMANOVAs computed separately for each area showed significant differences among the bottom types and depths in both areas. SIMPER analysis revealed that B. melanobranchus and B. favosus , which occurred at higher abundances in the area ≥30° N, were the species that were best discriminated between areas; whilst T. scabrus and M. moro occurred at higher abundances in the area N. aequalis , B. favosus , B. melanobranchus , Deania hystricosa , Aphanopus intermedius , Coelorinchus labiatus and Halosaurus johnsonianus were restricted or more abundant in the area ≥30° N, and functioned as the discriminating species that most contributed to the average dissimilarity between areas. T. scabrus , M. moro , Alepocephalus productus and Alepocephalus bairdii were more abundant in the area 2 ) showed a decreasing pattern: i) with depth in both areas, north and south of parallel 30° N, and ii) with depth on each type of substrate, except on cold coral bottoms. Hydrolagus mirabilis , Gadomus dispar , Nettastoma melanurum , Halosaurus ovenii , Chimaera opalescens , A. productus , Hoplostethus mediterraneus , Apristurus laurussonii and Trachyscorpia cristulata echinata showed a deeper Center of Gravity at latitudes ≥30° N, with differences in depths from 299 to 110 m compared to the area at latitudes T. scabrus , Anoplogaster cornuta , B. favosus , Centrophorus squamosus , B. melanobranchus and A. bairdii showed a similar depth Center of Gravity, with differences in depths lower than 21 m.

International audience; French Atlantic Fauna. Slope fishes. 1. Alepocephalidae (Craniata : Actinopterygii : Osmeriformes). A state of knowledge the French Atlantic slope fauna of the Alepocephalidae family is performed: 12 species are currently recorded from 500 to 200 m depth.; Un état des connaissances de la faune ichtyologique française du talus continental atlantique est réalisé pour la famille des alépocéphalidés : 12 espèces sont actuellement signalées de 500 à 2000 m de profondeur

Otolith δ(18)O profiles for four slickhead species (Alepocephalidae) suggested that Alepocephalus umbriceps, Talismania okinawensis and Rouleina watasei migrated hundreds of metres to shallower depths during the juvenile to young stages before returning to their original depth or even deeper waters. Xenodermichthys nodulosus gradually shifted residence depth from shallow to deeper water during their life. These migratory patterns indicated that the slickheads examined had allopatric residence depths at different life stages, which might enhance the pelagic survival and growth rates of the juvenile and young fishes.

The collection of the Museu Oceanográfico D. Carlos I is a historical specimen, instrument, and document collection that has been housed at the Aquário Vasco da Gama since 1935. The collection is largely the result of several scientific campaigns conducted by Dom Carlos de Bragança between 1896 and 1907. Specifically, the ichthyological collection consists of 675 surviving catalogue records of specimens caught, acquired or offered to D. Carlos I between 1892 to 1907, and includes the type specimen for Odontaspisnasutus Bragança, 1904 (junior synonym of Mitsukurinaowstoni Jordan, 1898), along with several specimens of deep sea species. All specimens were captured in coastal Portuguese waters, and were preserved in alcohol, formalin, or mounted.

The Tortonian fish otoliths of northern Italy have been studied for more than a century and represent one of the best known otolith-based teleost faunas in the Miocene of the Mediterranean Basin. Yet with the growing knowledge on Recent otoliths, an updated taxonomic overview of this fauna is needed. Moreover, new material from hemipelagic Tortonian marls sampled at nine localities is described herein, revealing 109 taxa of which 88 are recognised at species level. Four of these are new: Coryphaenoides biobtusus sp. nov., “Merluccius” rattazzii sp. nov., Neobythites auriculatus sp.nov. and Lesueurigobius stironensis sp. nov. The compilation of previously studied and newly acquired material revealed a total of 118 nominal Tortonian species. At generic level, the fauna is characterised by many modern forms; more than 90% can be assigned to present day genera. At species level, however, more than half of the represented taxa are extinct. Based on the fossil otolith record, the Tortonian fauna of the Mediterranean is most similar to that of the Langhian (Badenian) of the Central Paratethys by sharing many extinct Miocene species, but it is also very close to that of the Pliocene Mediterranean, by sharing many modern Atlantic-Mediterranean forms. The Tortonian fauna is further characterised by many species that are apparently confined to the upper Miocene, resulting in a unique combination of its taxonomic composition.

Xenodermichthys senesi Nolf & Brzobohat��, 1994 A large specimen (Fig. 2P) in our material is somewhat higher in its overall shape and the antero-dorsal angle is more pronounced than those of the similar-sized Chattian type specimens from the Aquitaine Basin, southwest France (Nolf & Brzobohat�� 1994: pl. 2, figs 5, 11); the smaller specimens in our material (Fig. 2 N���O) are characterised by thick otoliths and a convex outer face, and are reasonably similar to the type series from Aquitaine (Nolf & Brzobohat�� 1994: pl. 2, figs 6���10). Because modern alepocephalid otoliths commonly show a great intraspecific variability (e.g., Nolf & Brzobohat�� 1994: pl. 2, figs 1���4), the specimens in question are all assigned to X. senesi. The studied material, including large and small specimens, allows us to refer the otoliths figured by Lin et al. (2015: fig. 2(5), as Xenodermichthys aff. copei (Gill, 1884)) to juvenile specimens of X. senesi., Published as part of Lin, Chien-Hsiang, Brzobohat��, Rostislav, Nolf, Dirk & Girone, Angela, 2017, Tortonian teleost otoliths from northern Italy: taxonomic synthesis and stratigraphic significance, pp. 1-44 in European Journal of Taxonomy 322 on page 15, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2017.322, http://zenodo.org/record/3829305, {"references":["Nolf D. & Brzobohaty R. 1994. Fish otoliths from the Late Oligocene (Eger and Kiscell Formations) in the Eger area (northeastern Hungary). Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre 64: 225 - 252.","Brzobohaty R. 1994. Die Fischotolithen des Badenien von Gainfarn, Niederosterreich (Mittelmiozan, Wiener Becken). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien 96 A: 67 - 93.","Lin C. - H., Girone A. & Nolf D. 2015. Tortonian fish otoliths from turbiditic deposits in northern Italy: taxonomic and stratigraphic significance. Geobios 48: 249 - 261. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2015.03.003"]}

The food and feeding relationships of mid-slope slickheads in New Zealand waters are little known compared with those from the northern hemisphere. This study examines the feeding relationships of three common slickhead species from approximately 1000 m on Chatham Rise, New Zealand: Alepocephalus antipodianus (Parrot, 1948), A. australis (Barnard, 1923), and Xenodermichthys copei (Gill, 1884). The Alepocephalus species were predominantly benthopelagic feeders with a small benthic component to their diets. Alepocephalus australis fed on pelagic tunicates, notably Pyrosoma atlanticum Peron, 1804. Alepocephalus antipodianus fed on fish and pelagic tunicates, and also crustaceans. Xenodermichthys copei fed primarily on crustaceans. Considerable material was recovered from the intestines of all three species, and much of it was identifiable and only partially digested, including the remains of pelagic tunicates. There was little dietary overlap between the stomach contents of the three slickhead species indicating a degree of niche partitioning. Intestinal contents differed from stomach contents in weight, but not in number of items for all three species. The composition of stomach and intestinal contents differed for A. australis , but not for A. antipodianus or X. copei , which suggests that intestinal contents could be potentially useful in lieu of stomach content. There was a high level of overlap between the intestinal contents of A. antipodianus and A. australis , suggesting a possible closer dietary relationship between these two species than that indicated by stomach contents alone. Despite limitations in sample size and spatial and temporal coverage, the results from this study indicate that the three slickhead species could play an important role in the structuring of the demersal community at mid-slope depths on northeastern Chatham Rise.

Family Alepocephalidae Alepocephalus rostratus Risso, 1820 —Risso's smooth-head 72 specimens were caught at depths between 781 and 1,683 m. Length data were available for 51 specimens ranging from 18 to 65 cm TL (43.7 ± 13.2). Habitat and Distribution: bathydemersal, over soft bottoms at about 300–3,600 m depth, usually at 300–1,600 m. Eastern Atlantic Ocean, from Iceland to Namibia and western Mediterranean Sea. Vulnerability: DD (IUCN), HHV (FishBase). Alepocephalus bairdii Goode & Bean, 1879 —Baird's smooth-head 1,895 specimens were caught at depths between 711 and 1,809 m. Length data were available for 1,228 specimens ranging from 13 to 89 cm TL (64.4 ± 12.1). Biometry and meristic: 6 specimens 521–817 mm TL, 443– 708 mm SL; HL: 23.8–28.3; PO: 4.5–5.1; POL: 14.4–17.4; ED: 4.6 –7.0; IOW: 3.4–4.4; PD: 55.6–66.4; LD: 12.4– 15.4; PA: 56.1–68.9; LA: 13.8–17.2, PP: 24.6–29.9; PV: 40.6–49.2; LP: 7.7–11.5; LV: 4.9–5.6; H: 17.8–20.5; D: 20–22; A: 21–24; P: 10–13; V: 8–9; Gr: 8–11 + 1 + 18–19; SLL: 61–64. Habitat and Distribution: bathydemersal over ooze and sand bottoms at a depth range of 365–2,500 m. Eastern Atlantic Ocean, from Greenland and Iceland southward to 17 °N and western Atlantic Ocean, from Greenland to Grand Banks and 29 ° 52 'N, 77 °09'W. Vulnerability: DD (IUCN), HHV (FishBase). Xenodermichthys copei (Gill, 1884) —Bluntsnout smooth-head 69 specimens were caught at depths between 735 and 1,640 m. Length data were available for 49 specimens ranging from 6 to 19 cm TL (14 ± 2.8). Habitat and Distribution: mesopelagic to benthopelagic as adults, between 100–2,650 m, usually at 100–1,230 m depth. Widely distributed in the Atlantic, eastern Pacific and Indian oceans. Vulnerability: DD (IUCN), MV (FishBase). Rouleina attrita (Vaillant, 1888) —Softskin smooth-head 248 specimens were caught at depths between 1,470 and 1,809 m. Length data were available for all specimens, ranging from 6 to 49 cm TL (25.4 ± 9.6). Habitat and Distribution: bathypelagic at depth range 450– 2,300 m. Circumglobal, widely distributed in the Atlantic, most Indian submarine ridges, Subantarctic, North Pacific and tropical western and eastern Pacific oceans. Vulnerability: DD (IUCN), MHV (FishBase). Conocara macropterum (Vaillant, 1888) —Longfin smooth-head 41 specimens were caught at depths between 1,674 and 1,809 m. Length data were available for all specimens ranging from 17 to 39 cm TL (30.7 ± 4.7). Habitat and Distribution: epibenthic at about 800–2,677 m depth, usually at 1,200–1,800 m. Known from widely scattered localities on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, in eastern Atlantic from 54 °N to 45 °S and in western Atlantic in Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico and off Brazil. Vulnerability: DD (IUCN), MHV (FishBase).

Key to species of Leptoderma 1 Both dorsal and anal fins confluent with caudal fin; procurrent caudal-fin rays few (dorsal 7–9; ventral 6–8) not extending far forward on caudal peduncle; dorsal procurrent caudal-fin section about 3.2–4.2 % of SL; ventral procurrent caudal-fin section about 3.4–5.3 % of SL................................................................................. 2 - Both dorsal and anal fins separated from caudal fin; procurrent caudal-fin rays numerous (dorsal 21–29; ventral 19–26) extending far forward on caudal peduncle; dorsal procurrent caudal-fin section 14.1–16.6 % of SL; ventral procurrent caudalfin section 14.0– 16.9 % of SL........................................................................... 4 2 Dermal papillae absent along lateral line (Indo-West Pacific Ocean)................................... L. retropinna - Dermal papillae present along lateral line.................................................................. 3 3 Dorsal-fin rays about 66; anal-fin rays about 85 (Indo-West Pacific)...................................... L. affinis - Dorsal-fin rays 57–67, usually less than 64; anal-fin rays 74–85, usually less than 82 (Atlantic)............... L. macrops 4 Dermal papillae present along lateral line; lateral line pores 55–66; pectoral fin inserted high on body, central fin ray level with dorsal corner of gill opening, slightly above midline of body; length of anal-fin base 36.6 –41.0% of SL (Western Pacific).............................................................................................. L. lubricum - Dermal papillae absent along lateral line; lateral line pores, if conspicuous, about 48; pectoral fin inserted low on body, uppermost fin ray level with dorsal corner of gill opening, slightly below midline of body; length of anal-fin base 40.7–42.2 % of SL.................................................................................................... 5 5 Pre-dorsal region short, length about 49.3 % SL; pectoral-fin rays 8; pelvic-fin rays 8; dorsal- and anal-fin rays short, longer rays less than half body depth at anus; pre-ural vertebrae about 66 (North Atlantic).................. L. macrophthalmum - Pre-dorsal region long, length about 54.9 % SL; pectoral-fin rays 6; pelvic-fin rays 5; dorsal- and anal-fin rays long, longer rays greater than half body depth at anus; pre-ural vertebrae about 60 (Eastern Pacific).......................... L. ospesca

Family Alepocephalidae Alepocephalus rostratus Risso, 1820 ���Risso's smooth-head 72 specimens were caught at depths between 781 and 1,683 m. Length data were available for 51 specimens ranging from 18 to 65 cm TL (43.7 �� 13.2). Habitat and Distribution: bathydemersal, over soft bottoms at about 300���3,600 m depth, usually at 300���1,600 m. Eastern Atlantic Ocean, from Iceland to Namibia and western Mediterranean Sea. Vulnerability: DD (IUCN), HHV (FishBase). Alepocephalus bairdii Goode & Bean, 1879 ���Baird's smooth-head 1,895 specimens were caught at depths between 711 and 1,809 m. Length data were available for 1,228 specimens ranging from 13 to 89 cm TL (64.4 �� 12.1). Biometry and meristic: 6 specimens 521���817 mm TL, 443��� 708 mm SL; HL: 23.8���28.3; PO: 4.5���5.1; POL: 14.4���17.4; ED: 4.6 ���7.0; IOW: 3.4���4.4; PD: 55.6���66.4; LD: 12.4��� 15.4; PA: 56.1���68.9; LA: 13.8���17.2, PP: 24.6���29.9; PV: 40.6���49.2; LP: 7.7���11.5; LV: 4.9���5.6; H: 17.8���20.5; D: 20���22; A: 21���24; P: 10���13; V: 8���9; Gr: 8���11 + 1 + 18���19; SLL: 61���64. Habitat and Distribution: bathydemersal over ooze and sand bottoms at a depth range of 365���2,500 m. Eastern Atlantic Ocean, from Greenland and Iceland southward to 17 ��N and western Atlantic Ocean, from Greenland to Grand Banks and 29 �� 52 'N, 77 ��09'W. Vulnerability: DD (IUCN), HHV (FishBase). Xenodermichthys copei (Gill, 1884) ���Bluntsnout smooth-head 69 specimens were caught at depths between 735 and 1,640 m. Length data were available for 49 specimens ranging from 6 to 19 cm TL (14 �� 2.8). Habitat and Distribution: mesopelagic to benthopelagic as adults, between 100���2,650 m, usually at 100���1,230 m depth. Widely distributed in the Atlantic, eastern Pacific and Indian oceans. Vulnerability: DD (IUCN), MV (FishBase). Rouleina attrita (Vaillant, 1888) ���Softskin smooth-head 248 specimens were caught at depths between 1,470 and 1,809 m. Length data were available for all specimens, ranging from 6 to 49 cm TL (25.4 �� 9.6). Habitat and Distribution: bathypelagic at depth range 450��� 2,300 m. Circumglobal, widely distributed in the Atlantic, most Indian submarine ridges, Subantarctic, North Pacific and tropical western and eastern Pacific oceans. Vulnerability: DD (IUCN), MHV (FishBase). Conocara macropterum (Vaillant, 1888) ���Longfin smooth-head 41 specimens were caught at depths between 1,674 and 1,809 m. Length data were available for all specimens ranging from 17 to 39 cm TL (30.7 �� 4.7). Habitat and Distribution: epibenthic at about 800���2,677 m depth, usually at 1,200���1,800 m. Known from widely scattered localities on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, in eastern Atlantic from 54 ��N to 45 ��S and in western Atlantic in Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico and off Brazil. Vulnerability: DD (IUCN), MHV (FishBase)., Published as part of Ba��on, Rafael, Arronte, Juan Carlos, Rodriguez-Cabello, Cristina, Pi��eiro, Carmen-Gloria, Punzon, Antonio & Serrano, Alberto, 2016, Commented checklist of marine fishes from the Galicia Bank seamount (NW Spain), pp. 293-333 in Zootaxa 4067 (3) on page 306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4067.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/256670

Leptoderma ospesca n. sp. (Fig. 1) Holotype. USNM 421478, 197 mm SL; El Salvador, Central America, Eastern Pacific Ocean, research vessel B/ O Miguel Oliver station MOP 11���94, trawl on soft-bottom from 12 �� 53 ' 15.72 " N, 90 �� 9 ' 30.6 " W to 12 �� 53 ' 22.9194 " N, 90 �� 7 ' 56.28 " W, at 1368���1406 m; December 11, 2010; D. Ross Robertson. Diagnosis. Leptoderma ospesca differs from L. affinis, L. macrops and L. retropinna by having a distinct gap between the posterior ends of the dorsal and anal fins and the origins of the upper and lower procurrent caudal-fin rays. From L. lubricum, the new species differs by lacking dermal papillae along the lateral line, by having pectoral fins low on body (vs. high) with 6 fin rays (vs. 7���8), and by having fewer caudal-fin rays (16, vs. 17���18). From L. macrophthalmum, the new species differs by having a longer pre-dorsal length (54.9 % SL, vs. 49.3 %), fewer pectoral-fin rays (6, vs. 8), fewer pelvic-fin rays (5, vs. 8) and longer dorsal- and anal-fin rays (vs. shorter). Leptoderma ospesca also differs from all congeneric species by having fewer pre-ural vertebrae (60, vs. 64���84). Description. Measurements and counts of L. ospesca and comparative data are presented in Table 1. Body naked, relatively long, subcylindrical anteriorly and laterally compressed posteriorly, with greatest body depth at a distance of 24.3 % SL from snout; dermal papillae absent from head, along lateral line and dorsum; lateral line pores inconspicuous. Head length (HL) almost twice greatest body depth. Nostrils with large longitudinal openings, partly covered by a dermal flap, located nearer to eye than to snout tip. Mandibular pores 4, supraorbital pores 3, suborbital pores 4 and preopercular pores 3. Snout blunt, relatively large, its length 30.3 % of HL, shorter than eye. Mouth subterminal. Teeth minute to small, conical and well separated, present in one row on premaxilla and one on dentary; no teeth on palate. Supramaxilla slender, curved. Upper jaw relatively short, barely reaching front border of eye, its length 33.0% of HL. Lower jaw ending under orbit. Eyes large, 37.5 % of HL, directed outward and slightly upward, with upper margin protruding above dorsal profile of head. Interorbital space relatively large, 17.2 % of HL. Postorbital length 32.2 % of HL. Maximal head width (behind eyes) 34.5 % of HL. Pseudobranchiae small. Pectoral fins inserted relatively low on body, uppermost fin ray at level of dorsal corner of gill opening, slightly below midbody. Pelvic fins abdominal, length 71.1 % of pectoral-fin length. Pelvic-fin base located just in front of anus. Genital papilla short, located between anus and anal-fin origin. Anal-fin origin well in advance of dorsal-fin origin; length of dorsal-fin base 60.4 % of length of anal-fin base. Dorsal- and anal-fin rays long, longer rays greater than half body depth at level of anus. Both dorsal and anal fins separated from caudal fin. Procurrent caudal-fin rays numerous, extending far forward on caudal peduncle. Dorsal and anal procurrent caudal sections about equal in length. Caudal fin small, forked, with 8 principal rays in each lobe. Color in life. Head, eye, and anterior part of body bluish black, turning gradually lighter brownish towards posterior part of body (Fig. 1 A). TABLE. 1. M��rph��metric and meristic characters ��f six Leptoderma species. Measurements and c��unts n��t attainable (i.e. structure absent ��r inc��nspicu��us) ��r unavailable are represented an en���dash (���). When the number ��f examined specimens used t�� determine the respective measurement ��r c��unt differs fr��m the t��tal, the number ��f examined specimens is indicated in parenthesis. Character L. affinis L. lubricum L. macrops L. macrophthalmum L. ospesca L.retropinna n= 1 2, * n= 21 3, * n= 52 4 n= 1 5, * n= 1 1, * n= 27 6 (mm) 222.5 29.7 ��� 210 141 ��� 210 151 197 28.4 ��� 152 Morphometric characters as % SL ���d��rsal length ��� 55.1 ��� 61.1 47.3 ��� 56.4 (49) 49.3 59.4 55.0��� 58.7 (6) ���anal length ��� 41.0��� 46.5 (20) 35.5 ��� 44.2 (49) 45.7 46.4 40.9 ��� 45.6 (6) ���pelvic length ��� 36.8 ��� 41.8 (20) 31.0��� 43.8 (49) 39.5 38.0 34.4 ��� 38.7 (6) D��rsal-fin base, length ��� 25.3 ��� 28.9 (5) 44.7 ��� 58.1 (14) 31.1 25.5 41.0��� 47.6 (6) D��rsal pr��current caudal-fin secti��n, length ��� 15.0��� 16.6 (5) 3.2-3.6 (3) 15.5 14.1 4.5-4.7 (2) Anal-fin base, length ��� 36.6 ���41.0 (5) 58.6 ��� 73.6 (14) 40.7 42.2 50.0���59.0 (6) ventral pr��current caudal-fin secti��n, length ��� 14.0��� 16.9 (5) 3.4-4.2 (3) 15.1 14.0 4.1-5.3 (3) Pect��ral-fin length ��� 5.0��� 11.4 (5) 6.0��� 8.4 (14) 7.3 7.0 4.9 ��� 5.8 (5) Pelvic-fin length ��� 1.8 ��� 6.9 (5) 3.9 ��� 5.8 (14) 4.8 5.0 4.0��� 4.9 (5) Greatest b��dy depth c. 11.1 11.1 ��� 14.7 (5) 9.8 ��� 12.3 (14) 12.8 13.4 7.8 ��� 9.2 (6) Caudal-peduncle depth ��� 2.0��� 2.8 (5) 0.9 ��� 1.5 (14) 2.1 1.8 1.1 ��� 1.3 (6) Maximal head width (behind eyes) ��� 8.6 ��� 14.9 (20) 7.8 ��� 9.2 (14) 11.3 8.4 6.6 ��� 8.6 (6) length c. 22.2 22.8 ��� 25.7 (5) 16.7 ��� 24.4 (49) 23.2 24.3 18.7 ��� 21.7 (6) Sn��ut length ��� 7.0��� 8.3 (5) 3.8 ���7.0 (49) 7 7.4 5.3 ���7.0 (6) H��riz��ntal ��rbital diameter ��� 7.5 ���9.0 (5) 5.7 ��� 9.4 (49) 9.3 9.1 3.3 ��� 7.2 (6) P��st��rbital length ��� ��� ��� 6.9 7.8 ��� Inter��rbital distance ��� 3.1 ��� 5.1 (5) 1.6 ��� 5.6 (49) 3.4 4.2 3.3 ��� 5.7 (6) Upper-��aw length ��� 5.6 ��� 8.9 (5) 4.6 ��� 7.3 (49) 7.9 8.0 5.3 ��� 7.3 (6) ������continued on the next page vertebrae, hemal (excl. ur��style) ��� 49 ��� 55 (4) ��� 51 ��� ��� vertebrae, t��tal (excl. ur��style) ��� 64 ��� 77 (20) 79 ��� 84 (35) 66 60 77 (1) Dermal papillae ��n lateral line:es:es (5):es;��;��;�� (5) US;M 421478, net al. (1965), nakami? @ukui (2010), net al. (2011), nakami? @ukui (2010), nFIGURE. 1. Leptoderma ospesca n. sp., holotype (USNM 421478), A: preserved entire specimen; B: newly caught entire specimen, arrows indicate position of gaps between dorsal and anal fin rays and upper and lower procurrent caudal rays, respectively; C close-up of head region of newly caught specimen. Note: The structure near the lateral midline above the anus that is visible in Fig. 1 A (but not obvious in Figs. 1 B or C), is a piece of loose skin adhered to the body. Color in alcohol. Head and anterior part of body black, turning gradually lighter grayish towards posterior part of body (Fig. 1 B). Distribution. Known only from the holotype collected off El Salvador, between 12 �� 53 ' 15.72 " N, 90 �� 9 ' 30.6 " W and 12 �� 53 ' 22.9194 " N, 90 �� 7 ' 56.28 " W, Central America, eastern Pacific Ocean, at a depth of 1368���1406 m. Etymology. The specific name ��� ospesca ��� recognizes the contribution of OSPESCA (Organizaci��n del Sector Pesquero y Ac��icola de Centroamerica) to the discovery of deepwater marine fishes in Central America by sponsoring research cruises of the Spanish research vessel B/ O Miguel Oliver on both the Pacific (2010) and Atlantic (2011) coasts of Central America. Suggested common names. Eastern eel-slickhead; Cabezalisa oriental., Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, Baldwin, Carole C. & Robertson, D. Ross, 2016, A new species of Leptoderma Vaillant, 1886 (Osmeriformes: Alepocephalidae) from the Pacific coast of Central America, pp. 493-500 in Zootaxa 4066 (4) on pages 494-498, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4066.4.10, http://zenodo.org/record/266387, {"references":["Abe, T., Marumo, R. & Kawaguchi, K. (1965) Description of a new alepocephalid fish from Suruga Bay. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 13, 69 - 72.","Markle, D. F. (1976) Preliminary studies on the systematics of deep-sea Alocephaoidea (Pisces: Salmoniformes). Ph. D. Dissertation, the Faculty of the School of Marine Science, the College of William and Mary in Virginia, 265 pp."]}

Family Alepocephalidae Alepocephalus agassizii Goode & Bean Agassiz’ Slickhead Anisakis sp., Published as part of Arai, Hisao P. & Smith, John W., 2016, Guide to the Parasites of Fishes of Canada Part V: Nematoda, pp. 1-274 in Zootaxa 4185 (1) on page 190, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4185.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/165530

Keys are provided for the identification of the nematode species known to be parasites of Canadian fishes. The nematodes are described and illustrated, with a note of the site(s) they occupy in named fish host(s) and their geographical distribution. Parasite records are given by author and date, full details of which can be found in a bibliography of over 800 references. Diagnoses and keys for 22 Families, 47 genera and 88 species of nematodes are also given, together with a glossary of terms, a host-parasite list, and indices to both nematode parasites and hosts.

Research trawling surveys and visual observations aboard manned underwater vehicles carried out at Whale Ridge revealed 116 species of bottom, near-bottom, over-bottom, and over-bottom-pelagic fish of 46 families. The data on the distribution, number, and behavior, along with some data on biology of the mass fish species, are given in the present paper. The following species prevail by number and biomass: splendid alfonsino Beryx splendens; boarfish Pseudopentaceros richardsoni; redbait Emmelichthys nitidus; flintperch Hoplostethus atlanticus; Helicolenus mouchezi; and fish of families Gempylidae, Oreosomatidae, Macrouridae, Moridae, Alepocephalidae, etc. All these species are subject to fisheries but the boarfish and alfonsino are most commercially important.