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1. LL-37 and hBD-2 in the gingival crevicular fluid of smokers and nonsmokers with periodontitis

Author

Alessandra Barreto LOPES, Natália Helena COLOMBO, Naida Zanini ASSEM, Marta Aparecida Alberton NUERNBERG, Valdir Gouveia GARCIA, Cristiane DUQUE, and Leticia Helena THEODORO

Subjects
Periodontitis, antimicrobial peptides, smoking, Medicine, Dentistry, RK1-715
Abstract

Abstract Introduction The association between smoking and periodontal diseases has been described in clinical and epidemiological studies. Objective The aim of this study was to compare the LL-37 and human β-defensin-2 (hBD-2) levels in crevicular fluid of patients with generalized periodontitis in smokers (S) and nonsmokers (NS). Material and method A total of 35 patients with generalized periodontitis stages III and IV, 15 NS (11 female, 4 male) and 20 S (7 female and 13 male), were included in the study. The evaluated clinical parameters were bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were performed to quantify the LL-37 and hBD-2 levels in the gingival crevicular fluid of these patients. The results were analyzed statistically with the level of significance set at 5%. Result In relation to periodontal clinical parameters, no statistically significant difference was observed for BOP and PD between groups S and NS. There was a higher CAL in the S group than in the NS group (p = 0.0095). There was no statistically significant difference between the levels of LL-37 and hBD-2 when comparing groups S and NS (p>0.05). Conclusion It was concluded that smokers have a higher clinical attachment loss than nonsmokers, but that smoking did not influence the levels of LL-37 and hBD-2 in the gingival crevicular fluid in periodontitis.

Published
2021
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2. Antibiotic therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in smokers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Naida Zanini ASSEM, Márcio Luiz Ferro ALVES, Alessandra Barreto LOPES, Erivan Clementino GUALBERTO JUNIOR, Valdir Gouveia GARCIA, and Letícia Helena THEODORO

Subjects
Anti-Bacterial Agents, Dental Scaling, Smoking, Periodontitis, Dentistry, RK1-715
Abstract

Abstract The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effect of systemic antibiotics in the periodontal treatment of smokers. The selection criteria were as follows: controlled randomized clinical trials; studies published in English; studies with smoker patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis; patients without systemic diseases; studies that used systemic antibiotic therapy associated with periodontal treatment; studies that presented results for the test and control groups and assessments of clinical periodontal parameters, such as probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and clinical attachment level (CAL). The differences in average weights were calculated with a confidence interval (CI) of 95% for PD reduction, CAL gain and BOP. The means of the periodontal clinical parameters were compared between the baseline and post-treatment periods between the test groups and the control groups. The heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran Q test (Q (df = 3), α = 5%). A total of 67 articles were found, and after the selection process, three randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. The results indicate that SRP associated with systemic antibiotics promoted additional benefits when compared to SRP alone, with a greater reduction of PD (p = 0.0359, CI = -0.42, -0.01) and a gain of CAL (p = 0.0161, CI = -0.39, -0.04). There was a modest PD reduction (PD, DM -0.21) and a modest CAL gain (CAL, DM -0.22). The results of our meta-analysis reveal the clinical benefits of systemic antibiotics as an adjunct to the non-surgical periodontal treatment of smokers. These clinical improvements, although statistically significant, appeared to be of little clinical relevance.

Published
2017
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3. Antibiotic therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in smokers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Márcio Luiz Ferro Alves, Letícia Helena Theodoro, NZ Assem, Alessandra Barreto Lopes, Valdir Gouveia Garcia, Erivan Clementino Gualberto, and Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Bleeding on probing, Dentistry, law.invention, Root Planing, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Scaling and root planing, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, Periodontal Attachment Loss, medicine, Humans, General Materials Science, Clinical significance, Periodontitis, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, business.industry, Smoking, 030206 dentistry, medicine.disease, Chronic periodontitis, Anti-Bacterial Agents, lcsh:RK1-715, 030104 developmental biology, Treatment Outcome, Clinical attachment loss, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Meta-analysis, lcsh:Dentistry, Chronic Periodontitis, Dental Scaling, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:23:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-07-03. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:22:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1806-83242017000100951.pdf: 352765 bytes, checksum: 531920a94c1f65db1de60476309edd14 (MD5) The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effect of systemic antibiotics in the periodontal treatment of smokers. The selection criteria were as follows: controlled randomized clinical trials; studies published in English; studies with smoker patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis; patients without systemic diseases; studies that used systemic antibiotic therapy associated with periodontal treatment; studies that presented results for the test and control groups and assessments of clinical periodontal parameters, such as probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and clinical attachment level (CAL). The differences in average weights were calculated with a confidence interval (CI) of 95% for PD reduction, CAL gain and BOP. The means of the periodontal clinical parameters were compared between the baseline and post-treatment periods between the test groups and the control groups. The heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran Q test (Q (df = 3), α = 5%). A total of 67 articles were found, and after the selection process, three randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. The results indicate that SRP associated with systemic antibiotics promoted additional benefits when compared to SRP alone, with a greater reduction of PD (p = 0.0359, CI = -0.42, -0.01) and a gain of CAL (p = 0.0161, CI = -0.39, -0.04). There was a modest PD reduction (PD, DM -0.21) and a modest CAL gain (CAL, DM -0.22). The results of our meta-analysis reveal the clinical benefits of systemic antibiotics as an adjunct to the non-surgical periodontal treatment of smokers. These clinical improvements, although statistically significant, appeared to be of little clinical relevance. Universidade do Estado de São Paulo - Unesp, School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil Latin American Institute of Dental Research and Education - Ilapeo, Curitiba, PR, Brazil

Published
2017

4. Comparison of repeated applications of aPDT with amoxicillin and metronidazole in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A short-term study

Author

Márcio Luiz Ferro Alves, Cristiane Duque, Daniela Maria Janjacomo Miessi, Marina Módolo Cláudio, Alessandra Barreto Lopes, Valdir Gouveia Garcia, Marta Aparecida Alberton Nuernberg, Letícia Helena Theodoro, Andrea Mombelli, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), University of Geneva, and Latin American Institute of Dental Research and Education (ILAPEO)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, 030103 biophysics, medicine.medical_specialty, Bleeding on probing, Biophysics, Metronidazole/*pharmacology/therapeutic use, Placebo, Gastroenterology, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Scaling and root planing, Randomized controlled trial, law, Antibiotics, Metronidazole, Internal medicine, Photochemotherapy/*methods, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Periodontitis, Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology/therapeutic use, Radiation, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, Amoxicillin, 030206 dentistry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Chronic periodontitis, ddc:617.6, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Photochemotherapy, Chronic Periodontitis, Amoxicillin/*pharmacology/therapeutic use, Chronic Periodontitis/*drug therapy, Dental Scaling, Female, medicine.symptom, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:33:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-09-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Aim The aim of this study was to compare the clinical effects of Metronidazole (MTZ) combined with Amoxicillin (AMX) and repeated applications of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as an adjuvant for the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Methods A double-blind controlled and randomized clinical trial was conducted in 34 patients. All of the patients were treated with scaling and root planing (SRP) and separated into 2 groups: the MTZ + AMX Group (n = 17), who received SRP and the systemic use of MTZ (400 mg 3 × per day for 7 days) and AMX (500 mg 3 × per day for 7 days), and the aPDT Group (n = 17), who received SRP and three aPDT applications at all sites with a probing depth ≥ 5 mm immediately, at 48 and 96 h after scaling and placebo pills over the span of 7 days. Clinical examinations were performed at baseline and 90 days post-therapy. The clinical parameters of bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured. The aPDT was conducted using methylene blue and a low-level laser (GaAlAs 660 nm, 100 mW, 48 s, and 160 J/cm2) in all sites with a probing depth ≥ 5 mm. A statistical analysis was also performed (α = 5%). Results There was a significant improvement in CAL only in the intermediate pocket in the aPDT group compared to the MTZ + AMX group between baseline and 90 days post-treatment (p = 0.01). There was a reduction of both BOP and the percentage of residual pockets at 90 days after treatment compared with baseline in both groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion Both proposed adjuvant therapies associated with conventional mechanical treatment in patients with chronic periodontitis were equally effective in terms of the gain of clinical insertion, control of inflammation and elimination of residual pockets. Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic Division of Periodontology São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Dentistry Departament of Dentistry Children's and Social São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Dentistry Division of Periodontology School of Dental Medicine University of Geneva Latin American Institute of Dental Research and Education (ILAPEO) Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic Division of Periodontology São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Dentistry Departament of Dentistry Children's and Social São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Dentistry FAPESP: 2014/11637-2 CNPq: 302806/2012-1

Published
2017

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