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2. List of contributors

Author

Aizawa, Shin-Ichi, primary, Alberdi, Pilar, additional, Alexander, David C., additional, Alía, Alberto, additional, Allison, D.G., additional, Amyes, Sebastian G.B., additional, An, Haoran, additional, Andrade, María J., additional, Antelmann, Haike, additional, Arias, Cesar A., additional, Asensio, Miguel A., additional, Axell-House, Dierdre B., additional, Bae, Hee-Won, additional, Baena, Laura Muñoz, additional, Baig, Abdul Mannan, additional, Bailey, Spenser O., additional, Baize, Sylvain, additional, Baldi, Pablo C., additional, Barbosa, Angela Silva, additional, Barbuddhe, Sukhadeo B., additional, Bard, Emilie, additional, Barry, Eileen M., additional, Basarab, Gregory S., additional, Beloborodova, N.V, additional, Bermúdez, Elena, additional, Bidmos, Fadil A., additional, Bisgaard, Magne, additional, Blakely, Garry W., additional, Bloch, Evan, additional, Boesen, Thias Oberg, additional, Bose, Dipayan, additional, Botero, Javier Enrique, additional, Bouabe, Hicham, additional, Bouchard, Michael J., additional, Bozue, Joel A., additional, Bradbury, Richard S., additional, Brett Moreau, G., additional, Cabezas-Cruz, Alejandro, additional, Cai, Rong-Jun, additional, Calderón, Enrique J., additional, Cao, Boyang, additional, Carmena, David, additional, Carvalho, Eneas, additional, Caulfield, Amanda D., additional, Cen, Shan, additional, Chai, Jong-Yil, additional, Chamberland, Robin R., additional, Champredon, David, additional, Chan, Edward D., additional, Charbon, Godefroid, additional, Chato, Connor, additional, Chelomina, G.N., additional, Chen, Jingyu, additional, Chen, Min, additional, Chen, Shuyu, additional, Chen, Suilin, additional, Chen, Yanfei, additional, Chen, Zhaoyuan, additional, Cheng, Aimin, additional, Cheng, Keding, additional, Chiu, Charles Y., additional, Cho, You-Hee, additional, Christensen, Henrik, additional, Chrtdernevskaya, E.A., additional, Contreras, Adolfo, additional, Contreras, Marinela, additional, Córdoba, Juan J., additional, Córdoba, María G., additional, Costa, Rita, additional, Cote, Christopher K., additional, Cui, Xiangling, additional, Cui, Yujun, additional, Dacal, Elena, additional, Dammann, Allison N., additional, Das, Shubhagata, additional, Dashti, Alejandro, additional, de la Fuente, José, additional, de la Garza, Mireya, additional, Delgado, Josué, additional, Delgado-Cuesta, Juan, additional, Deng, Haiteng, additional, Deng, Li, additional, Dey, Debajit, additional, Dhama, Kuldeep, additional, Diego, Juan García-Bernalt, additional, Ding, Hao, additional, Doern, Christopher D., additional, Dorman, Charles J., additional, Du, Zongmin, additional, Dunbar, Sherry A., additional, Duthie, Malcolm, additional, Dybvig, Kevin F., additional, Eakin, Ann E., additional, Eallonardo, Samuel J., additional, Eberly, Allison R., additional, Echeverry, Adriana Jaramillo, additional, Egland, Paul G., additional, El Zowalaty, Mohamed E., additional, Endsley, Janice Jones, additional, Eom, Keeseon S., additional, Evans, Benjamin A., additional, Falkinham, Joseph O., additional, Feng, Siwei, additional, Feng, Yaoyu, additional, Feng, Zongdi, additional, Fernández-Soto, Pedro, additional, Ferreira, Roux-Cil, additional, Flores-Huerta, Nadia, additional, Foster, Timothy J., additional, Fox-Moon, Sandra M., additional, Fraga, Tatiana Rodrigues, additional, Fredricks, David N., additional, Freitag, Nancy E., additional, Frimodt-Møller, Jakob, additional, Fuller, Risa, additional, Ganesh, Balasubramanian, additional, Gao, Ning, additional, García-Carnero, Laura C., additional, Garzetti, Debora, additional, Geoghegan, Joan A., additional, Ghenim, Raed, additional, Giambartolomei, Guillermo H., additional, Gilbert, Nicole M., additional, Gillis, Thomas Phillip, additional, Gladstone, Camilla A., additional, Gómez-Gaviria, Manuela, additional, Gómez-Marín, Jorge E., additional, Gong, Tengfang, additional, González, Ramón A., additional, Gray-Owen, Scott D., additional, Gu, Bing, additional, Guzmán-Téllez, Paula, additional, Hajal, Caroline, additional, Han, Yanping, additional, Hao, Yi, additional, Harrington, Amanda T., additional, Harris, Jason B., additional, Harvill, Eric T., additional, Hasan, S. Saif, additional, He, Guang-Jun, additional, He, Yongqun, additional, Heffron, Jared D., additional, Hidalgo, Paloma, additional, Hindiyeh, Musa Y., additional, Hreha, Teri N., additional, Hu, Xiaoyu, additional, Huang, Guanghua, additional, Huang, Jiangqing, additional, Huang, Liang, additional, Huang, Shifeng, additional, Huang, Xingxu, additional, Huang, Xueting, additional, Huang, Yilun, additional, Huffman, Anthony, additional, Humphreys, Tricia L., additional, Hunstad, David A., additional, Inglis, Timothy J.J., additional, Isaac, Lourdes, additional, Jacobs, Samantha E., additional, Janowicz, Diane M., additional, Jeon, Hyeong-Kyu, additional, Ji, Quanjiang, additional, Jia, Qi, additional, Jia, Wei, additional, Jin, Shouguang, additional, Jneidi, Lama, additional, Jose, Shinsmon, additional, Jung, Bong-Kwang, additional, Kattan, Randa, additional, Kaushik, Rahul, additional, Khare, Reeti, additional, Kim, Eun Sook, additional, Kirn, Thomas J., additional, Koo, Hyun, additional, Köster, Pamela C., additional, Krause, Peter J., additional, Kumar, Sanjai, additional, Kupz, Andreas, additional, Lambert, P.A., additional, Lamont, Richard J., additional, Langford, Paul R., additional, Lebeaux, David, additional, Legname, Giuseppe, additional, Li, Bin, additional, Li, Chunhao, additional, Li, Fen, additional, Li, Jun, additional, Li, Lanjuan, additional, Li, Ruofan, additional, Li, Ruoyu, additional, Li, Ting, additional, Li, Yang-Yang, additional, Li, Yanhua, additional, Li, Zhuorong, additional, Liang, Xiaomeng, additional, Liao, Guojian, additional, Lin, Ping, additional, Ling, Yun, additional, Liu, Bo, additional, Liu, Dongyou, additional, Liu, Guohua, additional, Liu, Huidi, additional, Liu, Jiafeng, additional, Liu, Jintao, additional, Liu, Qi, additional, Liu, Shu-Lin, additional, Liu, Taiping, additional, Liu, Tongbao, additional, Liu, Wei, additional, Liu, Yan, additional, Liu, Yanni, additional, Liu, Yisong, additional, Liu, Yuan, additional, Løbner-Olesen, Anders, additional, Loeffelholz, Michael, additional, Lu, Hongzhou, additional, Luna, Brian, additional, Ma, Bingting, additional, Ma, Chengying, additional, Ma, Shuang, additional, Ma, TianLi, additional, Madan, Rajat, additional, Mahle, Rachael E., additional, Mahlen, Steven D., additional, Malik, Satya Veer Singh, additional, Malik, Yashpal Singh, additional, Malvy, Denis, additional, Mann, Barbara J., additional, Marasini, Daya, additional, Maris, Alexander S., additional, Marjomäki, Varpu, additional, Marjuki, Henju, additional, Martín, Alberto, additional, Martín, Irene, additional, Martínez-Castillo, Moisés, additional, Martínez-Pabón, María Cecilia, additional, Mathison, Blaine A., additional, Ma’ayeh, Showgy, additional, McDowell, Andrew, additional, McLaughlin, Stephanie E., additional, McSheffrey, Gordon G., additional, Medrano, Francisco J., additional, Meehan, Conor J., additional, Mehta, Dhwani, additional, Mejía-Oquendo, Manuela, additional, Melo-Cristino, José, additional, Mendoza-Barberá, Elena, additional, Meng, Xinan, additional, Merino, Susana, additional, Merritt, Adam J., additional, Miller, Steve, additional, Miller, William R., additional, Minamino, Tohru, additional, Mirzaei, Mohammadali Khan, additional, Mora-Montes, Héctor M., additional, Mortensen, Joel, additional, Mostafa, Heba H., additional, Muhsen, Khitam, additional, Mujahed, Ahlam, additional, Muro, Antonio, additional, Murphy, Olwen C., additional, Newton, Hayley J., additional, Nguyen, April H., additional, Nichols, Wright W., additional, Niu, Siqiang, additional, Núñez, Félix, additional, Obregon, Dasiel, additional, Okamoto, Akira, additional, Okutani, Akiko, additional, Olabode, Abayomi, additional, Omar, Muna, additional, Ong, Edison, additional, Ouyang, Zhiming, additional, Pacak, Christina A., additional, Pacheco-Yépez, Judith, additional, Palmer, John, additional, Pang, Xiaoli, additional, Paredes-Sabja, Daniel, additional, Peng, Zhong, additional, Peng, Zonggen, additional, Pérez-Nevado, Francisco, additional, Poon, Art, additional, Pospíšilová, Petra, additional, Potts, Caelin C., additional, Pu, Qinqin, additional, Pujic, Petar, additional, Qi, Rui, additional, Qian, Chenyun, additional, Qian, Liu, additional, Qin, Aiping, additional, Qu, Fen, additional, Rakin, Alexander, additional, Ramesh, Ashwin, additional, Ramirez, Mario, additional, Rao, Yu, additional, Ratner, Adam J., additional, Rawool, Deepak B., additional, Rehman, Asma, additional, Ren, Jie, additional, Ren, Ping, additional, Retchless, Adam C., additional, Robertson, Erle S., additional, Rodríguez, Alicia, additional, Rodriguez, Azucena, additional, Rodríguez-Medina, Carolina, additional, Rodriguez-Nava, Veronica, additional, Rohde, Manfred, additional, Romero-Rodríguez, Alba, additional, Rosales-Morgan, Gabriela, additional, Rosenkranz, Andrea L., additional, Ruiz-Moyano, Santiago, additional, Ruokolainen, Visa, additional, Sabateen, Ali, additional, Sahu, Radhakrishna, additional, Sails, Andrew, additional, Sang, Yu, additional, Santana, Clarissa H., additional, Santos, Jesus A., additional, Santos, Renato L., additional, Schmitz, Jonathan E., additional, Serrano-Luna, Jesús, additional, Shen, Jianzhong, additional, Shen, Zhangqi, additional, Shibayama, Mineko, additional, Shirtliff, Mark E., additional, Silva-Costa, Catarina, additional, Silva-Olivares, Angélica, additional, Singh, Niraj Kumar, additional, Šmajs, David, additional, Smith, Robert P., additional, Smith, Sophie, additional, Snyder, Lori A.S., additional, Song, Yinggai, additional, Soro, Aurea Simon, additional, Spearman, Paul, additional, Spellberg, Brad, additional, Sprague, Lisa D., additional, Stratton, Charles W., additional, Strenk, Susan M., additional, Strugnell, Richard A., additional, Sun, Keer, additional, Suo, Xun, additional, Suzuki-Hatano, Silveli, additional, Svärd, Staffan, additional, Talbot, Elizabeth A., additional, Tamez-Castrellón, Alma K., additional, Tan, Nie, additional, Tang, Cynthia Y., additional, Tang, Yi-Wei, additional, Tao, Jia, additional, Tao, Lili, additional, Terrero-Salcedo, David, additional, Tharmalingam, Jayaraman, additional, Thwe, Phyu M., additional, Tiamani, Kawtar, additional, Tomás, Juan M., additional, Topaz, Nadav, additional, Tsai, Ang-Chen, additional, Tsalik, Ephraim L., additional, Tuomanen, Elaine I., additional, Turenne, Christine Y., additional, Tyagi, Anuj, additional, Uprety, Priyanka, additional, Valour, Florent, additional, van Hensbergen, Vincent P., additional, Venkatesan, Arun, additional, Vergis, Jess, additional, Villar, Margarita, additional, Vollmer, Waldemar, additional, Waites, Ken B., additional, Wan, Xiu-Feng, additional, Wang, Guiqing, additional, Wang, Lijun, additional, Wang, Lin, additional, Wang, Linqi, additional, Wang, Xiangru, additional, Wang, Xin, additional, Wang, Xinjie, additional, Wang, Ya-Ting, additional, Wang, Yang, additional, Wang, Yating, additional, Weil, Ana A., additional, Welkos, Susan L., additional, Wengenack, Nancy L., additional, Westblade, Lars F., additional, Whitfield, Chris, additional, Wu, Hui, additional, Wu, Lijuan, additional, Wu, Min, additional, Wu, Yarong, additional, Wu, Zhaowei, additional, Xiang, Ye, additional, Xiao, Di, additional, Xiao, Li, additional, Xiao, Lihua, additional, Xu, Tao, additional, Xu, Wenyue, additional, Xu, Xinping, additional, Xue, Jinling, additional, Yadav, Jay Prakash, additional, Yan, Junxiang, additional, Yan, Yixin, additional, Yang, Changmei, additional, Yang, Ruifu, additional, Yang, Ying, additional, Yao, Kaihu, additional, Yao, Yu-Feng, additional, Yeakle, Kyle C., additional, Yu, Demin, additional, Yu, Hao, additional, Yu, Xue-Jie, additional, Yuan, Zhenghong, additional, Zai, Wenjing, additional, Zhang, Jianzhong, additional, Zhang, Jing-Ren, additional, Zhang, Lanyue, additional, Zhang, Lijie, additional, Zhang, Qiwei, additional, Zhang, Wenbao, additional, Zhang, Wenhong, additional, Zhang, Xinxin, additional, Zhao, Youbao, additional, Zhou, Chuanmin, additional, Zhu, Feng, additional, Zhu, Jingting, additional, and Zhu, Yongqun, additional

Published
2024
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3. One Health Genomic Analysis of Extended-Spectrum [beta]-Lactamase-Producing Salmonella enterica, Canada, 2012-2016

Author

Bharat, Amrita, Mataseje, Laura, Parmley, E. Jane, Avery, Brent P., Cox, Graham, Carson, Carolee A., Irwin, Rebecca J., Deckert, Anne E., Daignault, Danielle, Alexander, David C., Allen, Vanessa, Bailey, Sameh El, Bekal, Sadjia, German, Greg J., Haldane, David, Hoang, Linda, Chui, Linda, Minion, Jessica, Zahariadis, George, Reid-Smith, Richard J., and Mulvey, Michael R.

Subjects
Drug resistance in microorganisms -- Genetic aspects, Salmonella -- Identification and classification -- Genetic aspects, Salmonellosis -- Risk factors -- Causes of, Health
Abstract

Nontyphoidal Salmonella is a leading cause of foodbome diarrheal illness. There were an estimated 535,000 human cases of invasive infection with nontyphoidal Salmonella and 59,100 deaths in 2017 globally (2,2). [...]

Published
2022
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7. Endocardite gonococcique chez un homme de 54 ans atteint d'arthrite aigue

Author

Boodman, Carl, MacKenzie, Lauren, Navarro, Carlo, Alexander, David C., and Wuerz, Terence

Subjects
Endocarditis -- Health aspects, Arthritis, Health
Abstract

Un homme de 54 ans a ete adresse aux urgences par son medecin de famille pour devaluation d'un souffle cardiaque d'apparition recente. Ses antecedents medicaux incluaient un reflux gastro-resophagien et [...]

Published
2022
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8. Emergence of Inducible Macrolide Resistance in Mycobacterium chelonae Due to Broad-Host-Range Plasmid and Chromosomal Variants of the Novel 23S rRNA Methylase Gene, erm (55)

Author

Brown-Elliott, Barbara A., primary, Wallace, Richard J., additional, Wengenack, Nancy L., additional, Workman, Sean D., additional, Cameron, Andrew D. S., additional, Bush, Georgie, additional, Hughes, M. Dolores, additional, Melton, Stephanie, additional, Gonzalez-Ramirez, Bibiana, additional, Rodriguez, Eliana, additional, Somayaji, Kavya, additional, Klapperich, Courtney, additional, Viers, Mary, additional, Bolaji, Ayooluwa J., additional, Rempel, Emma, additional, and Alexander, David C., additional

Published
2023
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9. Gonococcal endocarditis in a 54-year-old man with acute arthritis

Author

Boodman, Carl, MacKenzie, Lauren, Navarro, Carlo, Alexander, David C., and Wuerz, Terence

Subjects
Endocarditis -- Case studies -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment, Arthritis -- Case studies -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment, Gonorrhea -- Case studies -- Complications and side effects -- Care and treatment, Health
Abstract

A 54-year-old man was sent to the emergency department by his family doctor for evaluation of a new cardiac murmur. His medical history included gastroesophageal reflux disease and degenerative disc [...]

Published
2021
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11. Mycobacterium avium in Community and Household Water, Suburban Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 2010-2012

Author

Lande, Leah, Alexander, David C., Wallace, Richard J., Jr., Kwait, Rebecca, Iakhiaeva, Elena, Williams, Myra, Cameron, Andrew D.S., Olshefsky, Stephen, Devon, Ronit, Vasireddy, Ravikiran, Peterson, Donald D., and Falkinham, Joseph O., III

Subjects
Illumina Inc., Biotechnology industries -- Health aspects, Infection -- Health aspects, Genomes -- Health aspects, Medical research -- Health aspects, Lung diseases -- Health aspects, Households -- Health aspects, Genomics -- Health aspects, Genotypes, Water, DNA sequencing, Mycobacterium avium complex, Health
Abstract

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are opportunistic human pathogens. Several species of NTM, including members of the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), can cause potentially life-threatening pulmonary infections that are difficult to treat [...]

Published
2019
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13. Characteristics of polymerase chain reaction–positive syphilis cases in Manitoba, Canada, 2017 to 2020: Demographic analysis, specimen types, and Treponema pallidum gene targets

Author

Tsang, Raymond SW, Shuel, Michelle, Hoang, William, Hayden, Kristy, Hink, Rachel, Bullard, Jared, Van Caeseele, Paul, and Alexander, David C

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Infectious Diseases, Original Research
Abstract

A resurgence of syphilis infections has been described in a number of countries including Canada in the last decade.This study identified polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positive syphilis cases based on detection ofPCR identified 740 syphilis cases: 718 were adolescents and adults, while 22 were congenital syphilis cases. For non-congenital syphilis investigation, the clinical specimens with the highest yield of positive PCR results were genital (632), oral (73), and anal (55), while for congenital syphilis, they were nasal or nasopharyngeal secretions (20), followed by blood (5) and umbilical cord (4). Female syphilis cases appeared younger (61.7% between 14 and 29 years), while male syphilis cases appeared older (58.4% between 30 and 65 years). Although, overall more syphilis cases (62.7%) occurred in the urban cities; the proportion of urban cases showed a significant decline from 87.0% in 2017 to 55.6% in 2020, while in rural regions it increased from 13.0% in 2017 to 44.4% in 2020. Most (98.8%) PCR- positive specimens were found to contain all threeThis study identified the clinical specimen types andDepuis dix ans, les infections par la syphilis sont en recrudescence dans plusieurs pays, y compris le Canada.La présente étude relève les cas positifs à l’amplification en chaîne par polymérase (PCR) d’après la détection des gènes duLe test PCR a permis de détecter 740 cas de syphilis, soit 718 chez des adolescents et des adultes et 22 cas de syphilis congénitale. Pour ce qui est des examens de la syphilis non congénitale, les échantillons cliniques donnant le plus fort taux de résultats positifs au test PCR ont été prélevés dans la région génitale (632), orale (73) et anale (55), tandis qu’à l’égard des cas de syphilis congénitale, ils provenaient des sécrétions nasales ou nasopharyngées (20), suivis du sang (5) et du cordon ombilical (4). La syphilis se manifestait chez des femmes plus jeunes (61,7 % entre 14 et 29 ans) et plus tard chez les hommes (58,4 % entre 30 et 65 ans). Même si, dans l’ensemble, plus de cas de syphilis (62,7 %) se déclaraient en région urbaine, cette proportion a connu un recul important, passant de 87,0 % en 2017 à 55,6 % en 2020, tandis que la proportion des cas en région rurale a progressé de 13,0 % en 2017 à 44,4 % en 2020. La plupart des échantillons ayant obtenu un résultat positif au test PCR (98,8 %) contenaient les trois gènes duLa présente étude a relevé les types d’échantillons cliniques et les gènes de

Published
2022

14. Mycobacterium xenopi Genotype Associated with Clinical Phenotype in Lung Disease

Author

Hirama, Takashi, Marchand-Austin, Alex, Ma, Jennifer, Alexander, David C., Brode, Sarah K., Marras, Theodore K., and Jamieson, Frances B.

Subjects
Lung diseases -- Causes of -- Development and progression -- Genetic aspects -- Research, Mycobacteria -- Physiological aspects -- Genetic aspects -- Research, Health
Abstract

Mycobacterium xenopi is responsible for pulmonary disease (PD) in Europe and Canada. Despite its high prevalence and increasing clinical importance, little is known about the genetic diversity of M. xenopi. Through a prospective study for M. xenopi strain type and the relation to clinical phenotype, 39 patients with M. xenopi PD were analyzed. Our study demonstrated that sequence type (ST) 5 was dominant in Ontario among 15 distinct STs and caused PD in people even without underlying lung disease, whereas disease due to non-ST5 was found almost exclusively in patients with underlying lung disease., Author(s): Takashi Hirama [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] , Alex Marchand-Austin [sup.4] [sup.5] , Jennifer Ma [sup.5] , David C. Alexander [sup.6] , Sarah K. Brode [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3] , Theodore K. [...]

Published
2018
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16. One Health Genomic Analysis of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase‒Producing Salmonella enterica, Canada, 2012‒2016

Author

Bharat, Amrita, primary, Mataseje, Laura, additional, Parmley, E. Jane, additional, Avery, Brent P., additional, Cox, Graham, additional, Carson, Carolee A., additional, Irwin, Rebecca J., additional, Deckert, Anne E., additional, Daignault, Danielle, additional, Alexander, David C., additional, Allen, Vanessa, additional, El Bailey, Sameh, additional, Bekal, Sadjia, additional, German, Greg J., additional, Haldane, David, additional, Hoang, Linda, additional, Chui, Linda, additional, Minion, Jessica, additional, Zahariadis, George, additional, Reid-Smith, Richard J., additional, and Mulvey, Michael R., additional

Published
2022
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21. Correlation between Phenotypic and In Silico Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella enterica in Canada Using Staramr

Author

Bharat, Amrita, primary, Petkau, Aaron, additional, Avery, Brent P., additional, Chen, Jessica C., additional, Folster, Jason P., additional, Carson, Carolee A., additional, Kearney, Ashley, additional, Nadon, Celine, additional, Mabon, Philip, additional, Thiessen, Jeffrey, additional, Alexander, David C., additional, Allen, Vanessa, additional, El Bailey, Sameh, additional, Bekal, Sadjia, additional, German, Greg J., additional, Haldane, David, additional, Hoang, Linda, additional, Chui, Linda, additional, Minion, Jessica, additional, Zahariadis, George, additional, Domselaar, Gary Van, additional, Reid-Smith, Richard J., additional, and Mulvey, Michael R., additional

Published
2022
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22. Dispersal of Mycobacterium tuberculosis via the Canadian fur trade

Author

Pepperell, Caitlin S., Granka, Julie M., Alexander, David C., Behr, Marcel A., Chui, Linda, Gordon, Janet, Guthrie, Jennifer L., Jamieson, Frances B., Langlois-Klassen, Deanne, Long, Richard, Nguyen, Dao, Wobeser, Wendy, Feldman, Marcus W., and Levin, Simon A.

Published
2011

25. A One-Health Genomic Investigation of Gentamicin Resistance in Salmonella from Human and Chicken Sources in Canada, 2014 to 2017

Author

Cox, Graham W., primary, Parmley, E. Jane, additional, Avery, Brent P., additional, Irwin, Rebecca J., additional, Reid-Smith, Richard J., additional, Deckert, Anne E., additional, Finley, Rita L., additional, Daignault, Danielle, additional, Alexander, David C., additional, Allen, Vanessa, additional, El Bailey, Sameh, additional, Bekal, Sadjia, additional, Chui, Linda, additional, German, Greg J., additional, Haldane, David, additional, Hoang, Linda, additional, Minion, Jessica, additional, Zahariadis, George, additional, Mulvey, Michael R., additional, and Bharat, Amrita, additional

Published
2021
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29. List of Contributors

Author

Abel-Santos, Ernesto, primary, Abraham, Soman N., additional, Aizawa, Shin-Ichi, additional, Aldape, Michael J., additional, Alexander, David C., additional, Allison, David G., additional, Amyes, Sebastian G.B., additional, Anderson, Burt E., additional, Anderson, Frank J., additional, Antelmann, Haike, additional, Austin, Frank W., additional, Ayllón, Nieves, additional, Bai, Fang, additional, Barbosa, Angela Silva, additional, Barer, Michael R., additional, Basarab, Gregory S., additional, Beaman, Blaine L., additional, Beard, Matthew, additional, Black, Carolyn M., additional, Blakely, Garry W., additional, Boiron, Patrick, additional, Bouabe, Hicham, additional, Bozue, Joel A., additional, Brinkman, Cassandra L., additional, Brubaker, Robert R., additional, Bryant, Amy E., additional, Cain, Robert J., additional, Calvo, Ana Cristina, additional, Carvalho, Eneas, additional, Capo, Christian, additional, Castillo-Ramirez, Santiago, additional, Chaddock, John A., additional, Chamberland, Robin R., additional, Clarridge, Jill E., additional, Cote, Christopher K., additional, Cox, Sarah L., additional, Cutler, Sally J., additional, Davidson, Donald J., additional, Day, Nicholas P.J., additional, de la Fuente, José, additional, De Jesus, Magdia, additional, Dorin, Julia R., additional, Dorman, Charles J., additional, Eakin, Ann E., additional, Egland, Paul G., additional, Ellis, Simon, additional, Enright, Mark C., additional, Evans, Benjamin A., additional, Everett, Jake A., additional, Falkinham, Joseph O., additional, Fan, Feinan, additional, Fan, Huizhou, additional, Faulds-Pain, Alexandra, additional, Feil, Edward J., additional, Figueroa, Cesar J., additional, Forsberg, Åke, additional, Foster, Timothy J., additional, Fox-Moon, Sandra M., additional, Fraga, Tatiana Rodrigues, additional, Fredricks, David N., additional, Freitag, Nancy E., additional, García-López, María-Luisa, additional, Garzetti, Debora, additional, Gemmell, Curtis G., additional, Geoghegan, Joan A., additional, Gillis, Thomas P., additional, Gilmore, Michael S., additional, Goldstone, Robert J., additional, Gray-Owen, Scott D., additional, Guiso, Nicole, additional, Hallstrom, Kelly N., additional, Harper, David R., additional, Harrington, Amanda T., additional, Harris, Jason B., additional, Hays, John P., additional, He, Yongqun, additional, Heffron, Jared D., additional, Heimer, Susan R., additional, High, Nicola J., additional, Hobot, Jan A., additional, Hultgren, Scott, additional, Humphreys, Tricia L., additional, Hunstad, David A., additional, Igietseme, Joseph U., additional, Inglis, Neil F., additional, Inglis, Tim J.J., additional, Isaac, Lourdes, additional, Janowicz, Diane M., additional, Jin, Shouguang, additional, Jin, Yongxin, additional, Johansson, Anna-Lena, additional, Johnston, Randal N., additional, Jones, Jessica L., additional, Justice, Sheryl S., additional, Kaakoush, Nadeem O., additional, Kalas, Vasilios, additional, Khare, Reeti, additional, Jordan, I. King, additional, Kobayashi, Keiko, additional, Kocan, Katherine M., additional, Könönen, Eija, additional, Kumar, Purnima S., additional, Lambert, Peter A., additional, Lamont, Richard J., additional, Lan, Ruiting, additional, Lang, Sue, additional, Lereclus, Didier, additional, Levett, Paul N., additional, Li, Xuefeng, additional, Liu, Dongyou, additional, Liu, Shu-Lin, additional, Ma, Lin, additional, Mahlen, Steven D., additional, Man, Si Ming, additional, Margolis, Elisa, additional, Marrie, Thomas J., additional, Martin, Melissa J., additional, Mayer, Leonard W., additional, McConville, Malcolm, additional, McCormick, Beth A., additional, McDowell, Andrew, additional, McHugh, Brian J., additional, McMullen, P. David, additional, McSheffrey, Gordon G., additional, Mege, Jean-Louis, additional, Merritt, Adam J., additional, Minnick, Michael F., additional, Mitchell, Hazel M., additional, Morrison, Donald, additional, Musser, Kimberlee A., additional, Nagahama, Masahiro, additional, Nagao, Prescilla Emy, additional, Nagy, István, additional, Salomonsson, Emelie Näslund, additional, Nazarian, Elizabeth J., additional, Nichols, Wright W., additional, Noppa, Laila, additional, Octavia, Sophie, additional, Oda, Masataka, additional, Ofek, Itzhak, additional, Oliver, James D., additional, Olson, Patrick D., additional, Omosun, Yusuf, additional, Ong, Edmund, additional, Osta, Rosario, additional, Otero, Andrés, additional, Oyston, Petra C.F., additional, Paris, Daniel H., additional, Patel, Robin, additional, Patrick, Sheila, additional, Pedra, Joao H.F., additional, Posteraro, Brunella, additional, Posteraro, Patrizia, additional, Poxton, Ian R., additional, Pujic, Petar, additional, Raffa, Brittany J., additional, Rakin, Alexander, additional, Ramarao, Nalini, additional, Ramirez, Mario, additional, Ravalison, Miora, additional, Reed, Kurt D., additional, Reglinski, Mark, additional, Richards, Allen L., additional, Riesbeck, Kristian, additional, Riley, Thomas V., additional, Rodríguez-Calleja, José-María, additional, Rodríguez-Nava, Verónica, additional, Rumbaugh, Kendra P., additional, Sanderson, Kenneth E., additional, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, additional, Santos, Jesús A., additional, Santos, Renato L., additional, Schaar, Viveka, additional, Scheld, W. Michael, additional, Schmitz, Jonathan E., additional, Schwartzman, Joseph D., additional, Severo, Maiara S., additional, Sharon, Nathan, additional, Shirtliff, Mark E., additional, Simner, Patricia J., additional, Šmajs, David, additional, Smith, David G.E., additional, Sorokin, Alexei, additional, Sprague, Lisa D., additional, Sriskandan, Shiranee, additional, Stevens, Dennis L., additional, Stratton, Charles W., additional, Strouhal, Michal, additional, Su, Yu Ching, additional, Sussman, Max, additional, Talbot, Elizabeth A., additional, Tang, Le, additional, Tang, Yi-Wei, additional, Taur, Ying, additional, Tessier, Jeffrey M., additional, Textoris, Julien, additional, Thirumalapura, Nagaraja R., additional, Tsuge, Hideaki, additional, Turenne, Christine Y., additional, Valvano, Miguel A., additional, Vázquez-Boland, José A., additional, Verhaegh, Suzanne J.C., additional, Volkan, Ender, additional, Vollmer, Waldemar, additional, Wade, William F., additional, Waites, Ken B., additional, Walker, Alan W., additional, Walker, David H., additional, Wang, Guiqing, additional, Wang, Qinning, additional, Wang, Xin, additional, Ward, Bruce, additional, Watson, Eleanor, additional, Weil, Ana A., additional, Welkos, Susan L., additional, Wen, Zhensong, additional, Wengenack, Nancy L., additional, Westblade, Lars F., additional, Wexler, Hannah M., additional, Wren, Brendan W., additional, Wu, Min, additional, Wu, Shangwei, additional, Wu, Weihui, additional, Xiao, Li, additional, Zhang, Jing-Ren, additional, Zhao, Zuotao, additional, and Zhong, Guangming, additional

Published
2015
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30. sj-pdf-1-bji-10.1177_17571774211012443 – Supplemental material for Absence of transmission of NDM and OXA-48 carbapenemase genes in a chronic care unit of a long-term care facility

Author

Boodman, Carl, Gibson, Natalie, Conrod, Davenna, Turenne, Christine Y, Alexander, David C, Taubes, Tatyana, Lucha, Ana, Boyd, David A, Mataseje, Laura F, Mulvey, Michael, Karlowsky, James A, Blake, Molly, and Embil, John M

Subjects
111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified, 111708 Health and Community Services, 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified, FOS: Health sciences
Abstract

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-bji-10.1177_17571774211012443 for Absence of transmission of NDM and OXA-48 carbapenemase genes in a chronic care unit of a long-term care facility by Carl Boodman, Natalie Gibson, Davenna Conrod, Christine Y Turenne, David C Alexander, Tatyana Taubes, Ana Lucha, David A Boyd, Laura F Mataseje, Michael Mulvey, James A Karlowsky, Molly Blake and John M Embil in Journal of Infection Prevention

Published
2021
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32. Absence of transmission of NDM and OXA-48 carbapenemase genes in a chronic care unit of a long-term care facility

Author

Boodman, Carl, primary, Gibson, Natalie, additional, Conrod, Davenna, additional, Turenne, Christine Y, additional, Alexander, David C, additional, Taubes, Tatyana, additional, Lucha, Ana, additional, Boyd, David A, additional, Mataseje, Laura F, additional, Mulvey, Michael, additional, Karlowsky, James A, additional, Blake, Molly, additional, and Embil, John M, additional

Published
2021
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33. Escherichia coli O104:H4 infections and international travel

Author

Alexander, David C., Hao, Weilong, Gilmour, Matthew W., Zittermann, Sandra, Sarabia, Alicia, Melano, Roberto G., Peralta, Analyn, Lombos, Marina, Warren, Keisha, Amatnieks, Yuri, Virey, Evangeline, Ma, Jennifer H., Jamieson, Frances B., Low, Donald E., and Allen, Vanessa G.

Subjects
Travelers -- Health aspects, Escherichia coli -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

In May 2011, officials in northern Germany reported a sudden surge in illness due to Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC). Symptoms of infection ranged from self-limiting episodes of diarrhea to life-threatening [...]

Published
2012
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34. Insertion and deletion events that define the pathogen Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis

Author

Alexander, David C., Turenne, Christine Y., and Behr, Marcel A.

Subjects
Mycobacterium avium -- Genetic aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

Mycobacterium avium comprises genetically related yet phenotypically distinct subspecies. Consistent with their common origin, whole-genome sequence comparisons have revealed extensive synteny among M. avium organisms. However, the sequenced strains also display numerous regions of heterogeneity that likely contribute to the diversity of the individual subspecies. Starting from a phylogenetic framework derived by multilocus sequence analysis, we examined the distribution of 25 large sequence polymorphisms across a panel of genetically defined M. avium strains. This distribution was most variable among M. avium subsp. hominissuis isolates. In contrast, M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis strains exhibited a characteristic profile, with all isolates containing a set of genomic insertions absent from other M. avium strains. The emergence of the pathogen from its putative M. avium subsp. hominissuis ancestor entailed the acquisition of approximately 125 kb of novel genetic material, followed by a second phase, characterized by reductive genomics. One genomic deletion is common to all isolates while additional deletions distinguish two major lineages of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. For the average strain, these losses total at least 38 kb (sheep lineage) to 90 kb (cattle lineage). This biphasic pattern of evolution, characterized by chromosomal gene acquisition with subsequent gene loss, describes the emergence of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis and may serve as a general model for the origin of pathogenic mycobacteria.

Published
2009

35. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and M. avium subsp. avium are independently evolved pathogenic clones of a much broader group of M. avium organisms

Author

Turenne, Christine Y., Collins, Desmond M., Alexander, David C., and Behr, Marcel A.

Subjects
Mycobacterium avium -- Identification and classification, Phenotype -- Identification and classification, Genomics -- Research, Microbiological research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Mycobacterium avium comprises organisms that share the same species designation despite considerable genomic and phenotypic variability. To determine the degree and nature of variability between subspecies and strains of M. avium, we used multilocus sequencing analysis, studying 56 genetically diverse strains of M. avium that included all described subspecies. In total, 8,064 bp of sequence from 10 gene loci were studied, with 205 (2.5%) representing variable positions. The majority (149/205) of these variations were found among M. avium subsp, hominissuis organisms. Recombination was also evident in this subspecies. In contrast, there was comparatively little variability and no evidence of recombination within the pathogenic subspecies, M. avium subsp, paratuberculosis, M. avium subsp, avium, and M. avium subsp, silvaticum. Phylogenetic analysis showed that M. avium subsp, avium and M. avium subsp, silvaticum strains clustered together on one branch, while a distinct branch defined M. avium subsp. paratubercuiosis organisms. Despite the independent origin of these pathogenic subspecies, an analysis of their rates of nonsynonymous (dN) to synonymous (dS) substitutions showed increased dN/dS ratios for both: 0.67 for M. avium subsp, paratuberculosis and 0.50 for M. avium subsp, avium/M, avium subsp, silvaticum, while the value was 0.08 for M. avium subsp, hominissuis organisms. In conclusion, M. avium subsp, hominissuis represents a diverse group of organisms from which two pathogenic clones (M. avium subsp, paratubercuiosis and M. avium subsp. avium/M, avium subsp, silvaticum) have evolved independently.

Published
2008

36. Roles of Lsr2 in colony morphology and biofilm formation of Mycobacterium smegmatis

Author

Chen, Jeffrey M., German, Greg J., Alexander, David C., Ren, Huiping, Tan, Tracy, and Liu, Jun

Subjects
Microbial mats -- Research, Mycobacteria -- Genetic aspects, Mycobacteria -- Physiological aspects, Mycobacteria -- Research, Mycobacterium -- Genetic aspects, Mycobacterium -- Physiological aspects, Mycobacterium -- Research, Chromatography -- Analysis, Biological sciences
Abstract

The lipid-rich cell wall is a defining feature of Mycobacterium species. Individual cell wall components affect diverse mycobacterial phenotypes including colony morphology, biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance, and virulence. In this study, we describe a transposon insertion mutant of Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2155 that exhibits altered colony morphology and defects in biofilm formation. The mutation was localized to the lsr2 gene. First identified as an immunodominant T-cell antigen of Mycobacterium leprae, lsr2 orthologs have been identified in all sequenced mycobacterial genomes, and homologs are found in many actinomycetes. Although its precise function remains unknown, localization experiments indicate that Lsr2 is a cytosolic protein, and cross-linking experiments demonstrate that it exists as a dimer. Characterization of cell wall lipid components reveals that the M. smegmatis lsr2 mutant lacks two previously unidentified apolar lipids. Characterization by mass spectrometry and thin-layer chromatography indicate that these two apolar lipids are novel mycolatecontaining compounds, called mycolyl-diacylglycerols (MDAGs), in which a mycolic acid ([alpha]- or [alpha]-mycolate) molecule is esterified to a glycerol. Upon complementation with an intact lsr2 gene, the mutant reverts to the parental phenotypes and MDAG production is restored. This study demonstrates that due to its impact on the biosynthesis of the hydrophobic MDAGs, Lsr2 plays an important role in the colony morphology and biofilm formation of M. smegmatis.

Published
2006

37. Four genomic clades of Candida auris identified in Canada, 2012–2019.

Author

Luca, Domenica G De, Alexander, David C, Dingle, Tanis C, Dufresne, Philippe J, Hoang, Linda M, Kus, Julianne V, Schwartz, Ilan S, Mulvey, Michael R, and Bharat, Amrita

Abstract

Candida auris is an emerging yeast that is associated with antifungal resistance and healthcare-associated outbreaks. From 2012 to 2019, there were 24 known cases of C. auris colonization or infection in Canada. Isolates were from axilla/groin (n = 6), ear (n = 5), blood (n = 4), toe (n = 2), and a variety of other sites (n = 7). Canadian isolates belonged to the four main genomic clades: Clade I (formerly called South Asian clade, n = 12), Clade II (East Asian, n = 3), Clade III (African, n = 4), and Clade IV (South American, n = 5). Isolates within each clade were clonal; however, whole genome sequencing may be helpful in identifying clusters within healthcare facilities. Lay summary The fungal pathogen Candida auris has caused many hospital outbreaks and is often multidrug resistant. All four major strains of C. auris were identified in Canada from 2012 to 2019. Genomic epidemiology may be useful for identifying and reducing transmission of C. auris within hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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38. Absence of transmission of NDM and OXA-48 carbapenemase genes in a chronic care unit of a long-term care facility.

Author

Boodman, Carl, Gibson, Natalie, Conrod, Davenna, Turenne, Christine Y, Alexander, David C, Taubes, Tatyana, Lucha, Ana, Boyd, David A, Mataseje, Laura F, Mulvey, Michael, Karlowsky, James A, Blake, Molly, and Embil, John M

Subjects
PREVENTION of communicable diseases, NURSING care facilities
Abstract

Infection prevention and control measures are used to contain outbreaks of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. We report the absence of transmission of Klebsiella pneumoniae carrying New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase and oxacillinase-48 genes among 19 screened contacts of an index case after 14 months of routine practices in a long-term care facility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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43. Role of the rfe gene in the biosynthesis of the Escherichia coli O7-specific lipopolysaccharide and other O-specific polysaccharides containing N-acetylglucosamine

Author

Alexander, David C. and Valvano, Miguel A.

Subjects
Escherichia coli -- Genetic aspects, Biosynthesis -- Analysis, Endotoxins -- Analysis, Biological sciences
Abstract

The rfe mutants of the wild-type strains of Escherichia coli are involved in the initial stages of the biosynthesis of the O7 repeat, and are required for the production of polysaccharides having GlcNAc. The rfe mutants also mediate the GlcNAc addition to lipid acceptors during the process of biosynthesis. The rfe mutants express the O-specific polysaccharides only when the rfe mutation is supported by cloned rfe genes found in the plasmids.

Published
1994

44. Multidrug-resistant pandemic (H1N1) 2009 infection in immunocompetent child

Author

Eshaghi, AliReza, Patel, Samir N., Sarabia, Alicia, Higgins, Rachel R., Savchenko, Alexei, Stojios, Peter J., Li, Yan, Bastien, Nathalie, Alexander, David C., Low, Donald E., and Gubbay, Jonathan B.

Subjects
Epidemics -- Ontario -- Health aspects, Drug resistance in microorganisms -- Health aspects, Influenza viruses -- Health aspects, Antiviral agents -- Health aspects, Influenza -- Health aspects, Health, World Health Organization
Abstract

The neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) oseltamivir and zanamivir are antiviral agents approved for treatment of infections caused by pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus. Since the 2008-09 influenza season, almost all seasonal [...]

Published
2011
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47. Flannery O'Connor and the Christ-Haunted South

Author

Alexander, David C.

Subjects
Flannery O'Connor and the Christ-Haunted South (Book) -- Wood, Ralph C., Books -- Book reviews, History, Philosophy and religion
Abstract

Flannery O'Connor and the Christ-Haunted South. By Ralph C. Wood. Grand Rapids, Mich.: W. B. Eerdmans, 2004. xii + 284 pp. $22.00 cloth. Ralph Wood's book delivers on its promise [...]

Published
2005

48. Strategies for cost justifying ergonomic improvements

Author

Alexander, David C.

Subjects
Ergonomics -- Finance, Cost benefit analysis -- Methods, Business, Engineering and manufacturing industries
Abstract

The cost-justification of ergonomics projects should involve a synergy between safety and health improvements, and economic benefits to ensure the approval of recommended improvements. Ergonomists need to present strong economic as well as technical improvements to justify the costs of their recommendations. Among the most common and effective approaches in cost-justifying ergonomic solutions are the value/cost matrix, which assesses relative cost and ergonomic efficiency to enable engineers to recommend the most appropriate changes. Whatever technique is used, engineers should identify and measure all benefits to be derived from a solution and choose the lowest cost solution that will resolve the ergonomic problem. Cost measurement and justification must also be conducted on all projects., A common lament within the practice of ergonomics is, 'How do I cost justify the solution?' A myriad of techniques are available, and some of the most common and fruitful [...]

Published
1998

49. Novel genome polymorphisms in BCG vaccine strains and impact on efficacy

Author

Gao George, Alexander David C, Yu Xuping, Wu Zuowei, Tran Vanessa, Leung Andrea S, Zhu Baoli, and Liu Jun

Subjects
Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis currently used as a vaccine against tuberculosis. Global distribution and propagation of BCG has contributed to the in vitro evolution of the vaccine strain and is thought to partially account for the different outcomes of BCG vaccine trials. Previous efforts by several molecular techniques effectively identified large sequence polymorphisms among BCG daughter strains, but lacked the resolution to identify smaller changes. In this study, we have used a NimbleGen tiling array for whole genome comparison of 13 BCG strains. Using this approach, in tandem with DNA resequencing, we have identified six novel large sequence polymorphisms including four deletions and two duplications in specific BCG strains. Moreover, we have uncovered various polymorphisms in the phoP-phoR locus. Importantly, these polymorphisms affect genes encoding established virulence factors including cell wall complex lipids, ESX secretion systems, and the PhoP-PhoR two-component system. Our study demonstrates that major virulence factors are different among BCG strains, which provide molecular mechanisms for important vaccine phenotypes including adverse effect profile, tuberculin reactivity and protective efficacy. These findings have important implications for the development of a new generation of vaccines.

Published
2008
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50. OSHA and ergonomics

Author

Alexander, David C. and Seay, Michael R.

Subjects
United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration -- Laws, regulations and rules, Ergonomics -- Standards, Cumulative trauma disorders -- Economic aspects, Job stress -- Care and treatment, Business, Fashion, accessories and textiles industries
Abstract

OSHA AND ERGONOMICS The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has placed increased emphasis on reducing the prevalence of cumulative trauma disorders in this country's work force. This could mean [...]

Published
1991

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