13 results on '"Alexander C. Vibrans"'
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2. Productivity assessment of timber harvesting techniques for supporting sustainable forest management of secondary Atlantic Forests in southern Brazil
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Pedro Caldas Britto, Dirk Jaeger, Stephan Hoffmann, Renato Cesar Gonçalves Robert, Alfredo Celso Fantini, and Alexander C. Vibrans
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forest harvesting, time study, cable winch, secondary forest management ,Forestry ,SD1-669.5 - Abstract
The Atlantic Forest in southern Brazil has been subject to overexploitation in the past prompting the formulation of a rigorous conservation orientated policy by the government including a strict ban of timber harvesting. In the region, the forestland is owned by farmers. The economic value of the forest is rather limited for those farmers, because of the prohibition of commercial timber harvesting as a source of income. Sustainable forest management systems can offer great potential as new income opportunities for land holders, and further actively support the process of ecosystem rehabilitation and protection for these ecosystems. Yet, successful implementation of such sustainable management systems requires feasible and adapted timber harvesting systems. In order to develop such harvesting systems, a regional comparative case study was conducted at a typical smallholder forestry venture with the objective to analyze and evaluate harvesting methods supporting sustainable management of the Atlantic Forest. This study assessed production rates and associated costs of a common conventional timber harvesting method (CM) and a proposed alternative method (AM). CM was performed by a selected, typical forest landowner who had only basic training in chainsaw operations, but 20 years of experience at the wood yard of his small sawmill. In contrast, the AM employed a professional chainsaw operator from the Amazon forest, trained and experienced in reduced impact logging techniques using state of the art equipment, supplemented by a snatch block and a skidding cone for improved extraction. Time study based models identified tree volume, winching distance and skidding distance to the landing as the most significant independent variables affecting productivity. Total net productivity ranged from 4.9 m³ PMH0-1 for CM to 3.1 m³ PMH0-1 for AM. Corresponding gross-productivity ranged from 3.0 m³ SMH-1 to 1.9 m³ SMH-1 with an overall mean utilization rate of 60.8 % and 60.9 %, respectively for CM and AM. Associated harvesting costs ranged from 12.05 € m-3 to 20.94 € m-3 with an estimated annual production of 4000 m³ and 2700 m³, respectively. Although AM showed overall lower productivity and higher costs, it represented an important improvement in terms of occupational health and safety. In conclusion, a suitable harvesting system should integrate local experiences of CM and proposed technical improvements of AM.
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- 2017
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3. Robust volumetric models for supporting the management of secondary forest stands in the Southern Brazilian Atlantic Forest
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LAIO Z. OLIVEIRA, ALINE R. KLITZKE, ALFREDO C. FANTINI, HEITOR F. ULLER, JEAN CORREIA, and ALEXANDER C. VIBRANS
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Forest inventory ,Mata Atlântica ,modelling ,regression ,Science - Abstract
Abstract The majority of Atlantic Forest fragments in Southern Brazil are second-growth forests dominated by fast-growing species with considerable market-value timber. Nevertheless, volume prediction models are scarce, especially to estimate tree total volume (i.e., stem plus branches). This study approached the issue through the following aims: to fit and select stem and total volume models (generic and species-specific) using data from 288 harvested trees in a management operation, and to fit generic and species-specific bark factors. The power model embedding diameter at breast height (D) and tree stem or total height (H) presented the greatest prediction strength for both stem and total tree volume. Models including only D to predict total tree volume were similar to double-entry models regarding goodness-of-fit. Therefore, they may be useful in the context of subtropical closed-canopy forests, where the difficulty and uncertainty in H measurements are not trivial. Species-specific models fitted for Miconia cinnamomifolia (DC) Naudin. and Hyeronima alchorneoides Allemão surpassed generic models only for the former species. Nevertheless, the prediction improvement should offset the eventual extra efforts implied in the collection of reliable samples of these species. Finally, bark factors stood as a satisfactory tool for inside bark mean volume estimation.
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- 2018
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4. Pteridófitas de Santa Catarina: um olhar sobre os dados do Inventário Florístico Florestal de Santa Catarina, Brasil Ferns and Fern allies from Santa Catarina State: a 'look at the data' from Santa Catarina Floristic Forest Inventory, Brazil
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André Luís de Gasper, Alexandre Salino, Alexander C. Vibrans, Lucia Sevegnani, Marcio Verdi, Alexandre Korte, Anita Stival dos Santos, Susana Dreveck, Tiago João Cadorin, Juliane Luzia Schmitt, and Eder Caglioni
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samambaia ,Mata Atlântica ,floresta ombrófila ,floresta estacional ,restinga ,Atlantic Forest ,ombrophilous forest ,seasonal forest ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Uma das unidades federativas com melhor conhecimento de sua flora, Santa Catarina é o primeiro estado a concluir o Inventário Florístico Florestal na atualidade. Coberto por Floresta Ombrófila Densa, Floresta Ombrófila Mista, Floresta Estacional Decidual e formações associadas, possui grande riqueza de espécies. Este trabalho visa apresentar as espécies de pteridófitas coletadas nas 563 unidades amostrais visitadas. Ao todo 324 espécies foram registradas, das quais 300 são samambaias e 24, licófitas. Estas pertencem a 29 famílias e 94 gêneros, sendo as famílias com maior riqueza específica Polypodiaceae (48 espécies), Pteridaceae (42) e Dryopteridaceae (38). Os gêneros com maior diversidade de espécies foram Asplenium e Thelypteris, com 27 espécies, seguido por Blechnum com 15. Destacam-se ainda 75 espécies consideradas endêmicas para o bioma. 18 registros novos para a flora de Santa Catarina foram feitos. A distribuição por região fitoecológica é a que segue: 288 espécies para a Floresta Ombrófila Densa (128 exclusivas desta região fitoecológica), 177 para a Floresta Ombrófila Mista (30 exclusivas) e 57 para a Floresta Estacional Decidual (três exclusivas). Foram registradas ainda 17 espécies para a restinga. Destaca-se a importância do registro de Asplenium lacinulatum, espécie coletada em área de intensa exploração imobiliária e novo registro para Santa Catarina e Alansmia senilis primeiro registro para o Sul do Brasil.Santa Catarina is the first Brazilian state to complete its Forest and Floristic Inventory, and is considered one of the states with a well-known flora. This region is covered by evergreen tropical rain forest, Araucaria forest, seasonal deciduous forest and associated ecosystems, and shows high species richness. This paper presents a list of ferns collected in 563 sampling units. Altogether, 324 species were recorded (300 ferns and 24 lycophytes), which belong to 29 families and 94 genera. The most diverse families are Polypodiaceae (49 species), Pteridaceae (42), and Dryopteridaceae (38). Asplenium and Thelypteris are the most diverse genera, with 27 species each, followed by Blechnum (15). Of importance, too, are the 75 species considered endemic to the biome. Eighteen new records for the flora of Santa Catarina were made. The distribution of species according to the vegetation type is the following: 288 species occur in evergreen tropical rainforest (of which 128 are exclusive to this vegetation type); 177 species in Araucaria forest (30 exclusively) and 57 species in seasonal deciduous forest (3 exclusively). In addition, 17 species were recorded for restinga. A collection of Asplenium lacinulatum, from an area of intense development, is first record for Santa Catarina, and another of Alansmia senilis is the first record for the South Region of Brazil.
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- 2012
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5. Human impacts, habitat quantity and quality affect the dimensions of diversity and carbon stocks in subtropical forests: a landscape-based approach
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Júlio R. Bastos, Elivane S. Capellesso, Alexander C. Vibrans, and Márcia C.M. Marques
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Ecology ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Abstract
Context Fragmentation is recognized as one of the main factors affecting species and functionality losses in tropical landscapes. Objectives In this study, we assess how landscape quality and quantity affect taxonomic and functional diversities and carbon stocks in the Atlantic Forest. Methods We used a large dataset, which comprises 92,754 adult trees of 668 species, distributed over an area of 95,733 km² in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. In each plot, we quantified the taxonomic diversity (species richness), the functional diversity (functional richness), and the aboveground carbon stock and related it to different landscape metrics (fragment area and total area, number of fragments, total edge area, index of the largest fragment, effective network size and aggregation index) and anthropogenic impacts in three surrounding landscape buffers (radius 1000, 3000 and 5000 m). We built multiple regression models, selecting the best models (Akaike's criterion), to assess the influence of the landscape and anthropogenic index on diversities and carbon stocks. Results Our study shows that the landscape quantity and quality, and the anthropic effects are factors that negatively affect the functioning of ecosystems, reinforcing that small-scale exploration, within the fragment itself, is an important factor in reducing diversity and carbon stock. Conclusions The importance of considering local exploitation has important implications for conservation, and these results bring important insights for conservation, especially for forest fragments in anthropized landscapes, where exploration within the fragments are factors that interfere in the conservation and maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.
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- 2022
6. Recent deforestation drove the spike in Amazonian fires
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Adrián Cardil, Sergio de-Miguel, Carlos A Silva, Peter B Reich, David Calkin, Pedro H S Brancalion, Alexander C Vibrans, Javier G P Gamarra, M Zhou, Bryan C Pijanowski, Cang Hui, Thomas W Crowther, Bruno Hérault, Daniel Piotto, Christian Salas-Eljatib, Eben North Broadbent, Angelica M Almeyda Zambrano, Nicolas Picard, Luiz E O C Aragão, Jean-Francois Bastin, Devin Routh, Johan van den Hoogen, Pablo L Peri, and Jingjing Liang
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deforestation ,fire ,Amazon ,forest policy ,land-use change ,tropical moist forest ,Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ,TD1-1066 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Science ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Published
- 2020
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7. Author response for 'Evenness mediates the global relationship between forest productivity and richness'
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null Iris Hordijk, null Daniel S. Maynard, null Simon P. Hart, null Mo Lidong, null Hans ter Steege, null Jingjing Liang, null Sergio de‐Miguel, null Gert‐Jan Nabuurs, null Peter B. Reich, null Meinrad Abegg, null C. Yves Adou Yao, null Giorgio Alberti, null Angelica M. Almeyda Zambrano, null Braulio V. Alvarado, null Alvarez‐Davila Esteban, null Patricia Alvarez‐Loayza, null Luciana F. Alves, null Christian Ammer, null Clara Antón‐Fernández, null Alejandro Araujo‐Murakami, null Luzmila Arroyo, null Valerio Avitabile, null Gerardo A. Aymard C, null Timothy Baker, null Radomir Bałazy, null Olaf Banki, null Jorcely Barroso, null Meredith L. Bastian, null Jean‐Francois Bastin, null Luca Birigazzi, null Philippe Birnbaum, null Robert Bitariho, null Pascal Boeckx, null Frans Bongers, null Olivier Bouriaud, null Pedro H. S. Brancalion, null Susanne Brandl, null Roel Brienen, null Eben N. Broadbent, null Helge Bruelheide, null Filippo Bussotti, null Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, null Ricardo G. César, null Goran Cesljar, null Robin Chazdon, null Han Y. H. Chen, null Chelsea Chisholm, null Emil Cienciala, null Connie J. Clark, null David B. Clark, null Gabriel Colletta, null David Coomes, null Fernando Cornejo Valverde, null Jose J. Corral‐Rivas, null Philip Crim, null Jonathan Cumming, null Selvadurai Dayanandan, null André L. de Gasper, null Mathieu Decuyper, null Géraldine Derroire, null Ben DeVries, null Ilija Djordjevic, null Amaral Iêda, null Aurélie Dourdain, null Engone Obiang Nestor Laurier, null Brian Enquist, null Teresa Eyre, null Adandé Belarmain Fandohan, null Tom M. Fayle, null Leandro V. Ferreira, null Ted R. Feldpausch, null Leena Finér, null Markus Fischer, null Christine Fletcher, null Lorenzo Frizzera, null Javier G. P. Gamarra, null Damiano Gianelle, null Henry B. Glick, null David Harris, null Andrew Hector, null Andreas Hemp, null Geerten Hengeveld, null Bruno Hérault, null John Herbohn, null Annika Hillers, null Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, null Cang Hui, null Hyunkook Cho, null Thomas Ibanez, null Il Bin Jung, null Nobuo Imai, null Andrzej M. Jagodzinski, null Bogdan Jaroszewicz, null Vivian Johanssen, null Carlos A. Joly, null Tommaso Jucker, null Viktor Karminov, null Kuswata Kartawinata, null Elizabeth Kearsley, null David Kenfack, null Deborah Kennard, null Sebastian Kepfer‐Rojas, null Gunnar Keppel, null Mohammed Latif Khan, null Timothy Killeen, null Kim Hyun Seok, null Kanehiro Kitayama, null Michael Köhl, null Henn Korjus, null Florian Kraxner, null Diana Laarmann, null Mait Lang, null Simon Lewis, null Huicui Lu, null Natalia Lukina, null Brian Maitner, null Yadvinder Malhi, null Eric Marcon, null Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, null Ben Hur Marimon‐Junior, null Andrew Robert Marshall, null Emanuel Martin, null Olga Martynenko, null Jorge A. Meave, null Omar Melo‐Cruz, null Casimiro Mendoza, null Cory Merow, null Miscicki Stanislaw, null Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, null Vanessa Moreno, null Sharif A. Mukul, null Philip Mundhenk, null Maria G. Nava‐Miranda, null David Neill, null Victor Neldner, null Radovan Nevenic, null Michael Ngugi, null Pascal A. Niklaus, null Jacek Oleksyn, null Petr Ontikov, null Edgar Ortiz‐Malavasi, null Yude Pan, null Alain Paquette, null Alexander Parada‐Gutierrez, null Elena Parfenova, null Minjee Park, null Marc Parren, null Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy, null Pablo L. Peri, null Sebastian Pfautsch, null Oliver L. Phillips, null Nicolas Picard, null Maria Teresa Piedade, null Daniel Piotto, null Nigel C. A. Pitman, null Irina Polo, null Lourens Poorter, null Axel Dalberg Poulsen, null John R. Poulsen, null Hans Pretzsch, null Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, null Zorayda Restrepo‐Correa, null Mirco Rodeghiero, null Samir Rolim, null Anand Roopsind, null Francesco Rovero, null Ervan Rutishauser, null Purabi Saikia, null Christian Salas‐Eljatib, null Peter Schall, null Dmitry Schepaschenko, null Michael Scherer‐Lorenzen, null Bernhard Schmid, null Jochen Schöngart, null Eric B. Searle, null Vladimír Šebeň, null Josep M. Serra‐Diaz, null Douglas Sheil, null Anatoly Shvidenko, null Javier Silva‐Espejo, null Marcos Silveira, null James Singh, null Plinio Sist, null Ferry Slik, null Bonaventure Sonké, null Alexandre F. Souza, null Krzysztof Stereńczak, null Jens‐Christian Svenning, null Miroslav Svoboda, null Ben Swanepoel, null Natalia Targhetta, null Nadja Tchebakova, null Raquel Thomas, null Elena Tikhonova, null Peter Umunay, null Vladimir Usoltsev, null Renato Valencia, null Fernando Valladares, null Fons van der Plas, null Do Van Tran, null Michael E. Van Nuland, null Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez, null Hans Verbeeck, null Helder Viana, null Alexander C. Vibrans, null Simone Vieira, null Klaus von Gadow, null Hua‐Feng Wang, null James Watson, null Gijsbert D. A. Werner, null Susan K. Wiser, null Florian Wittmann, null Verginia Wortel, null Roderick Zagt, null Tomasz Zawila‐Niedzwiecki, null Chunyu Zhang, null Xiuhai Zhao, null Mo Zhou, null Zhi‐Xin Zhu, null Irie Casimir Zo‐Bi, and null Thomas W. Crowther
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- 2022
8. A test of the fast–slow plant economy hypothesis in a subtropical rain forest
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Arthur V. Rodrigues, Fábio F. Pastório, Fábio L. V. Bones, Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert, Alexander C. Vibrans, and André L. de Gasper
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Ecology ,Plant Science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
The fast–slow plant economy hypothesis predicts strong co-variation in key resource-use traits due to the trade-off between growth and survival of species. Accordingly, it is expected that trait variation may be reduced to a single dimension along a growth-survival gradient. However, some studies warn against such reductionism and promote investigating how a multi-dimensional trait space can be interpreted in a growth-survival trade-off context. To quantify the dimensionality of the trait variation of trees and tree-like species to test the fast–slow plant economy hypothesis in a subtropical rain forest. We conducted phylogenetic Principal Components Analyses and correlation test on traits describing carbon and water economy in the leaves, stem, and seeds to evaluate the dimensionality of trait space and covariation among traits. We found five axes explaining 71% of trait variation. The first and second axes described carbon capture and allocation. Water use economy was related to carbon capture and was also represented on the third axis. Stomata traits were related to the fourth axis and plant potential height to the fourth and fifth axes. The high dimensionality we found suggests that ecological strategies to water and carbon use are diverse in (sub)tropical montane forest species. Therefore, contrary to the expectation, these plants could use different ecological strategies to achieve a similar fitness in the growth–survival gradient.
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- 2022
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9. The number of tree species on Earth
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Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, Peter B. Reich, Javier G. P. Gamarra, Tom Crowther, Cang Hui, Albert Morera, Jean-Francois Bastin, Sergio de-Miguel, Gert-Jan Nabuurs, Jens-Christian Svenning, Josep M. Serra-Diaz, Cory Merow, Brian Enquist, Maria Kamenetsky, Junho Lee, Jun Zhu, Jinyun Fang, Douglass F. Jacobs, Bryan Pijanowski, Arindam Banerjee, Robert A. Giaquinto, Giorgio Alberti, Angelica Maria Almeyda Zambrano, Esteban Alvarez-Davila, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Valerio Avitabile, Gerardo A. Aymard, Radomir Balazy, Chris Baraloto, Jorcely G. Barroso, Meredith L. Bastian, Philippe Birnbaum, Robert Bitariho, Jan Bogaert, Frans Bongers, Olivier Bouriaud, Pedro H. S. Brancalion, Francis Q. Brearley, Eben North Broadbent, Filippo Bussotti, Wendeson Castro da Silva, Ricardo Gomes César, Goran Češljar, Víctor Chama Moscoso, Han Y. H. Chen, Emil Cienciala, Connie J. Clark, David A. Coomes, Selvadurai Dayanandan, Mathieu Decuyper, Laura E. Dee, Jhon Del Aguila Pasquel, Géraldine Derroire, Marie Noel Kamdem Djuikouo, Tran Van Do, Jiri Dolezal, Ilija Đ. Đorđević, Julien Engel, Tom M. Fayle, Ted R. Feldpausch, Jonas K. Fridman, David J. Harris, Andreas Hemp, Geerten Hengeveld, Bruno Herault, Martin Herold, Thomas Ibanez, Andrzej M. Jagodzinski, Bogdan Jaroszewicz, Kathryn J. Jeffery, Vivian Kvist Johannsen, Tommaso Jucker, Ahto Kangur, Victor N. Karminov, Kuswata Kartawinata, Deborah K. Kennard, Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas, Gunnar Keppel, Mohammed Latif Khan, Pramod Kumar Khare, Timothy J. Kileen, Hyun Seok Kim, Henn Korjus, Amit Kumar, Ashwani Kumar, Diana Laarmann, Nicolas Labrière, Mait Lang, Simon L. Lewis, Natalia Lukina, Brian S. Maitner, Yadvinder Malhi, Andrew R. Marshall, Olga V. Martynenko, Abel L. Monteagudo Mendoza, Petr V. Ontikov, Edgar Ortiz-Malavasi, Nadir C. Pallqui Camacho, Alain Paquette, Minjee Park, Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy, Pablo Luis Peri, Pascal Petronelli, Sebastian Pfautsch, Oliver L. Phillips, Nicolas Picard, Daniel Piotto, Lourens Poorter, John R. Poulsen, Hans Pretzsch, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Zorayda Restrepo Correa, Mirco Rodeghiero, Rocío Del Pilar Rojas Gonzáles, Samir G. Rolim, Francesco Rovero, Ervan Rutishauser, Purabi Saikia, Christian Salas-Eljatib, Dmitry Schepaschenko, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Vladimír Šebeň, Marcos Silveira, Ferry Slik, Bonaventure Sonké, Alexandre F. Souza, Krzysztof Jan Stereńczak, Miroslav Svoboda, Hermann Taedoumg, Nadja Tchebakova, John Terborgh, Elena Tikhonova, Armando Torres-Lezama, Fons van der Plas, Rodolfo Vásquez, Helder Viana, Alexander C. Vibrans, Emilio Vilanova, Vincent A. Vos, Hua-Feng Wang, Bertil Westerlund, Lee J. T. White, Susan K. Wiser, Tomasz Zawiła-Niedźwiecki, Lise Zemagho, Zhi-Xin Zhu, Irié C. Zo-Bi, Jingjing Liang, Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto, Reich, Peter B, Gamarra, Javier GP, Crowther, Tom, Keppel, Gunnar, Liang, Jingjing, Cazzolla Gatti R., Reich P.B., Gamarra J.G.P., Crowther T., Hui C., Morera A., Bastin J.-F., de-Miguel S., Nabuurs G.-J., Svenning J.-C., Serra-Diaz J.M., Merow C., Enquist B., Kamenetsky M., Lee J., Zhu J., Fang J., Jacobs D.F., Pijanowski B., Banerjee A., Giaquinto R.A., Alberti G., Almeyda Zambrano A.M., Alvarez-Davila E., Araujo-Murakami A., Avitabile V., Aymard G.A., Balazy R., Baraloto C., Barroso J.G., Bastian M.L., Birnbaum P., Bitariho R., Bogaert J., Bongers F., Bouriaud O., Brancalion P.H.S., Brearley F.Q., Broadbent E.N., Bussotti F., Castro da Silva W., Cesar R.G., Cesljar G., Chama Moscoso V., Chen H.Y.H., Cienciala E., Clark C.J., Coomes D.A., Dayanandan S., Decuyper M., Dee L.E., Del Aguila Pasquel J., Derroire G., Djuikouo M.N.K., Van Do T., Dolezal J., Dordevic I.D., Engel J., Fayle T.M., Feldpausch T.R., Fridman J.K., Harris D.J., Hemp A., Hengeveld G., Herault B., Herold M., Ibanez T., Jagodzinski A.M., Jaroszewicz B., Jeffery K.J., Johannsen V.K., Jucker T., Kangur A., Karminov V.N., Kartawinata K., Kennard D.K., Kepfer-Rojas S., Keppel G., Khan M.L., Khare P.K., Kileen T.J., Kim H.S., Korjus H., Kumar A., Laarmann D., Labriere N., Lang M., Lewis S.L., Lukina N., Maitner B.S., Malhi Y., Marshall A.R., Martynenko O.V., Monteagudo Mendoza A.L., Ontikov P.V., Ortiz-Malavasi E., Pallqui Camacho N.C., Paquette A., Park M., Parthasarathy N., Peri P.L., Petronelli P., Pfautsch S., Phillips O.L., Picard N., Piotto D., Poorter L., Poulsen J.R., Pretzsch H., Ramirez-Angulo H., Restrepo Correa Z., Rodeghiero M., Rojas Gonzales R.D.P., Rolim S.G., Rovero F., Rutishauser E., Saikia P., Salas-Eljatib C., Schepaschenko D., Scherer-Lorenzen M., Seben V., Silveira M., Slik F., Sonke B., Souza A.F., Sterenczak K.J., Svoboda M., Taedoumg H., Tchebakova N., Terborgh J., Tikhonova E., Torres-Lezama A., van der Plas F., Vasquez R., Viana H., Vibrans A.C., Vilanova E., Vos V.A., Wang H.-F., Westerlund B., White L.J.T., Wiser S.K., Zawila-Niedzwiecki T., Zemagho L., Zhu Z.-X., Zo-Bi I.C., Liang J., Purdue University [West Lafayette], University of Wisconsin-Madison, FAO Forestry, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [Rome, Italie] (FAO), SILVA (SILVA), AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie]), Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto [0000-0001-5130-8492], Reich, Peter B [0000-0003-4424-662X], Hui, Cang [0000-0002-3660-8160], Morera, Albert [0000-0002-6777-169X], de-Miguel, Sergio [0000-0002-9738-0657], Svenning, Jens-Christian [0000-0002-3415-0862], Serra-Diaz, Josep M [0000-0003-1988-1154], Alberti, Giorgio [0000-0003-2422-3009], Bongers, Frans [0000-0002-8431-6189], Bouriaud, Olivier [0000-0002-8046-466X], Brancalion, Pedro HS [0000-0001-8245-4062], César, Ricardo Gomes [0000-0002-3392-8089], Chen, Han YH [0000-0001-9477-5541], Cienciala, Emil [0000-0002-1254-4254], Coomes, David [0000-0002-8261-2582], Djuikouo, Marie Noel Kamdem [0000-0003-0064-5151], Van Do, Tran [0000-0001-9059-5842], Feldpausch, Ted R [0000-0002-6631-7962], Jaroszewicz, Bogdan [0000-0002-2042-8245], Jeffery, Kathryn J [0000-0002-2632-0008], Kennard, Deborah K [0000-0003-4842-8260], Kim, Hyun Seok [0000-0002-3440-6071], Labrière, Nicolas [0000-0002-8037-2001], Maitner, Brian S [0000-0002-2118-9880], Malhi, Yadvinder [0000-0002-3503-4783], Peri, Pablo Luis [0000-0002-5398-4408], Phillips, Oliver L [0000-0002-8993-6168], Poorter, Lourens [0000-0003-1391-4875], Poulsen, John R [0000-0002-1532-9808], Salas-Eljatib, Christian [0000-0002-8468-0829], Schepaschenko, Dmitry [0000-0002-7814-4990], Silveira, Marcos [0000-0003-0485-7872], Slik, Ferry [0000-0003-3988-7019], Sonké, Bonaventure [0000-0002-4310-3603], Terborgh, John [0000-0003-1853-8311], Wiser, Susan K [0000-0002-8938-8181], Liang, Jingjing [0000-0001-9439-9320], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, and Coomes, David A [0000-0002-8261-2582]
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Cambios Antropogénicos ,Richness ,SAMPLE ,Earth, Planet ,Rarity ,Bos- en Landschapsecologie ,DIVERSITY ,Forests ,[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy ,Trees ,forest ,Bioma ,Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing ,Biome ,espèce (taxon) ,HETEROGENEITY ,Forest and Landscape Ecology ,Forest Biodiversity ,hyperdominance ,Riqueza de Especies ,Ecosystem Services ,biodiversity, forests, hyperdominance, rarity, richness ,biodiversity ,Multidisciplinary ,Hyperdominance ,Overall Scale ,F70 - Taxonomie végétale et phytogéographie ,Biodiversity ,[SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics ,Écologie des populations ,PE&RC ,COVERAGE ,Boscos i silvicultura ,Biometris ,Forest Ecosystems ,ABUNDANCE ,Anthropogenic Changes ,Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie ,Biodiversité ,леса ,Conservation of Natural Resources ,F40 - Écologie végétale ,Servicios de los Ecosistemas ,Vulnerability ,ECOLOGIA DE POPULAÇÕES ,Arbre ,ECOLOGY ,Biodiversidad ,forests ,rarity ,richness ,Ecosistemas Forestales ,[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems ,COMPLETENESS ,Árboles ,Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA ,Richness Species ,Bosecologie en Bosbeheer ,Laboratorium voor Geo-informatiekunde en Remote Sensing ,K70 - Dégâts causés aux forêts et leur protection ,Biodiversidad Forestal ,Escala Global ,Vegetatie ,деревья ,Vegetation ,Forest Ecology and Forest Management ,biodiversité forestière ,биоразнообразие ,PATTERNS ,Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,Vulnerabilidad - Abstract
One of the most fundamental questions in ecology is how many species inhabit the Earth. However, due to massive logistical and financial challenges and taxonomic difficulties connected to the species concept definition, the global numbers of species, including those of important and well-studied life forms such as trees, still remain largely unknown. Here, based on global ground-sourced data, we estimate the total tree species richness at global, continental, and biome levels. Our results indicate that there are ∼73,000 tree species globally, among which ∼9,000 tree species are yet to be discovered. Roughly 40% of undiscovered tree species are in South America. Moreover, almost one-third of all tree species to be discovered may be rare, with very low populations and limited spatial distribution (likely in remote tropical lowlands and mountains). These findings highlight the vulnerability of global forest biodiversity to anthropogenic changes in land use and climate, which disproportionately threaten rare species and thus, global tree richness., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119 (6), ISSN:0027-8424, ISSN:1091-6490
- Published
- 2022
10. Co-limitation towards lower latitudes shapes global forest diversity gradients
- Author
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Jingjing Liang, Javier G. P. Gamarra, Nicolas Picard, Mo Zhou, Bryan Pijanowski, Douglass F. Jacobs, Peter B. Reich, Thomas W. Crowther, Gert-Jan Nabuurs, Sergio de-Miguel, Jingyun Fang, Christopher W. Woodall, Jens-Christian Svenning, Tommaso Jucker, Jean-Francois Bastin, Susan K. Wiser, Ferry Slik, Bruno Hérault, Giorgio Alberti, Gunnar Keppel, Geerten M. Hengeveld, Pierre L. Ibisch, Carlos A. Silva, Hans ter Steege, Pablo L. Peri, David A. Coomes, Eric B. Searle, Klaus von Gadow, Bogdan Jaroszewicz, Akane O. Abbasi, Meinrad Abegg, Yves C. Adou Yao, Jesús Aguirre-Gutiérrez, Angelica M. Almeyda Zambrano, Jan Altman, Esteban Alvarez-Dávila, Juan Gabriel Álvarez-González, Luciana F. Alves, Bienvenu H. K. Amani, Christian A. Amani, Christian Ammer, Bhely Angoboy Ilondea, Clara Antón-Fernández, Valerio Avitabile, Gerardo A. Aymard, Akomian F. Azihou, Johan A. Baard, Timothy R. Baker, Radomir Balazy, Meredith L. Bastian, Rodrigue Batumike, Marijn Bauters, Hans Beeckman, Nithanel Mikael Hendrik Benu, Robert Bitariho, Pascal Boeckx, Jan Bogaert, Frans Bongers, Olivier Bouriaud, Pedro H. S. Brancalion, Susanne Brandl, Francis Q. Brearley, Jaime Briseno-Reyes, Eben N. Broadbent, Helge Bruelheide, Erwin Bulte, Ann Christine Catlin, Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, Ricardo G. César, Han Y. H. Chen, Chelsea Chisholm, Emil Cienciala, Gabriel D. Colletta, José Javier Corral-Rivas, Anibal Cuchietti, Aida Cuni-Sanchez, Javid A. Dar, Selvadurai Dayanandan, Thales de Haulleville, Mathieu Decuyper, Sylvain Delabye, Géraldine Derroire, Ben DeVries, John Diisi, Tran Van Do, Jiri Dolezal, Aurélie Dourdain, Graham P. Durrheim, Nestor Laurier Engone Obiang, Corneille E. N. Ewango, Teresa J. Eyre, Tom M. Fayle, Lethicia Flavine N. Feunang, Leena Finér, Markus Fischer, Jonas Fridman, Lorenzo Frizzera, André L. de Gasper, Damiano Gianelle, Henry B. Glick, Maria Socorro Gonzalez-Elizondo, Lev Gorenstein, Richard Habonayo, Olivier J. Hardy, David J. Harris, Andrew Hector, Andreas Hemp, Martin Herold, Annika Hillers, Wannes Hubau, Thomas Ibanez, Nobuo Imai, Gerard Imani, Andrzej M. Jagodzinski, Stepan Janecek, Vivian Kvist Johannsen, Carlos A. Joly, Blaise Jumbam, Banoho L. P. R. Kabelong, Goytom Abraha Kahsay, Viktor Karminov, Kuswata Kartawinata, Justin N. Kassi, Elizabeth Kearsley, Deborah K. Kennard, Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas, Mohammed Latif Khan, John N. Kigomo, Hyun Seok Kim, Carine Klauberg, Yannick Klomberg, Henn Korjus, Subashree Kothandaraman, Florian Kraxner, Amit Kumar, Relawan Kuswandi, Mait Lang, Michael J. Lawes, Rodrigo V. Leite, Geoffrey Lentner, Simon L. Lewis, Moses B. Libalah, Janvier Lisingo, Pablito Marcelo López-Serrano, Huicui Lu, Natalia V. Lukina, Anne Mette Lykke, Vincent Maicher, Brian S. Maitner, Eric Marcon, Andrew R. Marshall, Emanuel H. Martin, Olga Martynenko, Faustin M. Mbayu, Musingo T. E. Mbuvi, Jorge A. Meave, Cory Merow, Stanislaw Miscicki, Vanessa S. Moreno, Albert Morera, Sharif A. Mukul, Jörg C. Müller, Agustinus Murdjoko, Maria Guadalupe Nava-Miranda, Litonga Elias Ndive, Victor J. Neldner, Radovan V. Nevenic, Louis N. Nforbelie, Michael L. Ngoh, Anny E. N’Guessan, Michael R. Ngugi, Alain S. K. Ngute, Emile Narcisse N. Njila, Melanie C. Nyako, Thomas O. Ochuodho, Jacek Oleksyn, Alain Paquette, Elena I. Parfenova, Minjee Park, Marc Parren, Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy, Sebastian Pfautsch, Oliver L. Phillips, Maria T. F. Piedade, Daniel Piotto, Martina Pollastrini, Lourens Poorter, John R. Poulsen, Axel Dalberg Poulsen, Hans Pretzsch, Mirco Rodeghiero, Samir G. Rolim, Francesco Rovero, Ervan Rutishauser, Khosro Sagheb-Talebi, Purabi Saikia, Moses Nsanyi Sainge, Christian Salas-Eljatib, Antonello Salis, Peter Schall, Dmitry Schepaschenko, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Bernhard Schmid, Jochen Schöngart, Vladimír Šebeň, Giacomo Sellan, Federico Selvi, Josep M. Serra-Diaz, Douglas Sheil, Anatoly Z. Shvidenko, Plinio Sist, Alexandre F. Souza, Krzysztof J. Stereńczak, Martin J. P. Sullivan, Somaiah Sundarapandian, Miroslav Svoboda, Mike D. Swaine, Natalia Targhetta, Nadja Tchebakova, Liam A. Trethowan, Robert Tropek, John Tshibamba Mukendi, Peter Mbanda Umunay, Vladimir A. Usoltsev, Gaia Vaglio Laurin, Riccardo Valentini, Fernando Valladares, Fons van der Plas, Daniel José Vega-Nieva, Hans Verbeeck, Helder Viana, Alexander C. Vibrans, Simone A. Vieira, Jason Vleminckx, Catherine E. Waite, Hua-Feng Wang, Eric Katembo Wasingya, Chemuku Wekesa, Bertil Westerlund, Florian Wittmann, Verginia Wortel, Tomasz Zawiła-Niedźwiecki, Chunyu Zhang, Xiuhai Zhao, Jun Zhu, Xiao Zhu, Zhi-Xin Zhu, Irie C. Zo-Bi, Cang Hui, Liang, Jingjing, Gamarra, Javier GP, Picard, Nicolas, Zhou, Mo, Keppel, Gunnar, Hui, Cang, Liang J., Gamarra J.G.P., Picard N., Zhou M., Pijanowski B., Jacobs D.F., Reich P.B., Crowther T.W., Nabuurs G.-J., de-Miguel S., Fang J., Woodall C.W., Svenning J.-C., Jucker T., Bastin J.-F., Wiser S.K., Slik F., Herault B., Alberti G., Keppel G., Hengeveld G.M., Ibisch P.L., Silva C.A., ter Steege H., Peri P.L., Coomes D.A., Searle E.B., von Gadow K., Jaroszewicz B., Abbasi A.O., Abegg M., Yao Y.C.A., Aguirre-Gutierrez J., Zambrano A.M.A., Altman J., Alvarez-Davila E., Alvarez-Gonzalez J.G., Alves L.F., Amani B.H.K., Amani C.A., Ammer C., Ilondea B.A., Anton-Fernandez C., Avitabile V., Aymard G.A., Azihou A.F., Baard J.A., Baker T.R., Balazy R., Bastian M.L., Batumike R., Bauters M., Beeckman H., Benu N.M.H., Bitariho R., Boeckx P., Bogaert J., Bongers F., Bouriaud O., Brancalion P.H.S., Brandl S., Brearley F.Q., Briseno-Reyes J., Broadbent E.N., Bruelheide H., Bulte E., Catlin A.C., Cazzolla Gatti R., Cesar R.G., Chen H.Y.H., Chisholm C., Cienciala E., Colletta G.D., Corral-Rivas J.J., Cuchietti A., Cuni-Sanchez A., Dar J.A., Dayanandan S., de Haulleville T., Decuyper M., Delabye S., Derroire G., DeVries B., Diisi J., Do T.V., Dolezal J., Dourdain A., Durrheim G.P., Obiang N.L.E., Ewango C.E.N., Eyre T.J., Fayle T.M., Feunang L.F.N., Finer L., Fischer M., Fridman J., Frizzera L., de Gasper A.L., Gianelle D., Glick H.B., Gonzalez-Elizondo M.S., Gorenstein L., Habonayo R., Hardy O.J., Harris D.J., Hector A., Hemp A., Herold M., Hillers A., Hubau W., Ibanez T., Imai N., Imani G., Jagodzinski A.M., Janecek S., Johannsen V.K., Joly C.A., Jumbam B., Kabelong B.L.P.R., Kahsay G.A., Karminov V., Kartawinata K., Kassi J.N., Kearsley E., Kennard D.K., Kepfer-Rojas S., Khan M.L., Kigomo J.N., Kim H.S., Klauberg C., Klomberg Y., Korjus H., Kothandaraman S., Kraxner F., Kumar A., Kuswandi R., Lang M., Lawes M.J., Leite R.V., Lentner G., Lewis S.L., Libalah M.B., Lisingo J., Lopez-Serrano P.M., Lu H., Lukina N.V., Lykke A.M., Maicher V., Maitner B.S., Marcon E., Marshall A.R., Martin E.H., Martynenko O., Mbayu F.M., Mbuvi M.T.E., Meave J.A., Merow C., Miscicki S., Moreno V.S., Morera A., Mukul S.A., Muller J.C., Murdjoko A., Nava-Miranda M.G., Ndive L.E., Neldner V.J., Nevenic R.V., Nforbelie L.N., Ngoh M.L., N'Guessan A.E., Ngugi M.R., Ngute A.S.K., Njila E.N.N., Nyako M.C., Ochuodho T.O., Oleksyn J., Paquette A., Parfenova E.I., Park M., Parren M., Parthasarathy N., Pfautsch S., Phillips O.L., Piedade M.T.F., Piotto D., Pollastrini M., Poorter L., Poulsen J.R., Poulsen A.D., Pretzsch H., Rodeghiero M., Rolim S.G., Rovero F., Rutishauser E., Sagheb-Talebi K., Saikia P., Sainge M.N., Salas-Eljatib C., Salis A., Schall P., Schepaschenko D., Scherer-Lorenzen M., Schmid B., Schongart J., Seben V., Sellan G., Selvi F., Serra-Diaz J.M., Sheil D., Shvidenko A.Z., Sist P., Souza A.F., Sterenczak K.J., Sullivan M.J.P., Sundarapandian S., Svoboda M., Swaine M.D., Targhetta N., Tchebakova N., Trethowan L.A., Tropek R., Mukendi J.T., Umunay P.M., Usoltsev V.A., Vaglio Laurin G., Valentini R., Valladares F., van der Plas F., Vega-Nieva D.J., Verbeeck H., Viana H., Vibrans A.C., Vieira S.A., Vleminckx J., Waite C.E., Wang H.-F., Wasingya E.K., Wekesa C., Westerlund B., Wittmann F., Wortel V., Zawila-Niedzwiecki T., Zhang C., Zhao X., Zhu J., Zhu X., Zhu Z.-X., Zo-Bi I.C., Hui C., Purdue University [West Lafayette], Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [Rome, Italie] (FAO), Groupement d'Interêt Public Ecosystèmes Forestiers GIP ECOFOR (GIP ECOFOR ), Forêts et Sociétés (UPR Forêts et Sociétés), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Montpellier (UM), SILVA (SILVA), AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, and Stellenbosch University
- Subjects
Bos- en Landschapsecologie ,WASS ,Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation ,Forests ,[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy ,Co-limitation ,Ontwikkelingseconomie ,Forest and Nature Conservation Policy ,Trees ,Soil ,[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems ,Development Economics ,Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing ,Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA ,Life Science ,Laboratorium voor Moleculaire Biologie ,Bos- en Natuurbeleid ,Forest and Landscape Ecology ,Bosecologie en Bosbeheer ,Laboratorium voor Geo-informatiekunde en Remote Sensing ,BIOS Plant Development Systems ,Vegetatie ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,biogeography ,biodiversity ,Vegetation ,Ecology ,Biodiversity ,[SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics ,Latitudinal gradients ,PE&RC ,Forest Ecology and Forest Management ,Bioclimatic dominance ,Biogeography ,LATITUDE ,Plantenecologie en Natuurbeheer ,Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie ,Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology ,Laboratory of Molecular Biology ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,Corporate Governance & Legal Services ,Tree ,Global LDG - Abstract
The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) is one of the most recognized global patterns of species richness exhibited across a wide range of taxa. Numerous hypotheses have been proposed in the past two centuries to explain LDG, but rigorous tests of the drivers of LDGs have been limited by a lack of high-quality global species richness data. Here we produce a high-resolution (0.025° × 0.025°) map of local tree species richness using a global forest inventory database with individual tree information and local biophysical characteristics from ~1.3 million sample plots. We then quantify drivers of local tree species richness patterns across latitudes. Generally, annual mean temperature was a dominant predictor of tree species richness, which is most consistent with the metabolic theory of biodiversity (MTB). However, MTB underestimated LDG in the tropics, where high species richness was also moderated by topographic, soil and anthropogenic factors operating at local scales. Given that local landscape variables operate synergistically with bioclimatic factors in shaping the global LDG pattern, we suggest that MTB be extended to account for co-limitation by subordinate drivers. The team collaboration and manuscript development are supported by the web-based team science platform: science-i.org, with the project number 202205GFB2. We thank the following initiatives, agencies, teams and individuals for data collection and other technical support: the Global Forest Biodiversity Initiative (GFBI) for establishing the data standards and collaborative framework; United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program; University of Alaska Fairbanks; the SODEFOR, Ivory Coast; University Félix Houphouët-Boigny (UFHB, Ivory Coast); the Queensland Herbarium and past Queensland Government Forestry and Natural Resource Management departments and staff for data collection for over seven decades; and the National Forestry Commission of Mexico (CONAFOR). We thank M. Baker (Carbon Tanzania), together with a team of field assistants (Valentine and Lawrence); all persons who made the Third Spanish Forest Inventory possible, especially the main coordinator, J. A. Villanueva (IFN3); the French National Forest Inventory (NFI campaigns (raw data 2005 and following annual surveys, were downloaded by GFBI at https://inventaire-forestier.ign.fr/spip.php?rubrique159; site accessed on 1 January 2015)); the Italian Forest Inventory (NFI campaigns raw data 2005 and following surveys were downloaded by GFBI at https://inventarioforestale.org/; site accessed on 27 April 2019); Swiss National Forest Inventory, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL and Federal Office for the Environment FOEN, Switzerland; the Swedish NFI, Department of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SLU; the National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa (89967 and 109244) and the South African Research Chair Initiative; the Danish National Forestry, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, UCPH; Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel of Brazil (CAPES, grant number 88881.064976/2014-01); R. Ávila and S. van Tuylen, Instituto Nacional de Bosques (INAB), Guatemala, for facilitating Guatemalan data; the National Focal Center for Forest condition monitoring of Serbia (NFC), Institute of Forestry, Belgrade, Serbia; the Thünen Institute of Forest Ecosystems (Germany) for providing National Forest Inventory data; the FAO and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) for undertaking the SAFE (Safe Access to Fuel and Energy) and CBIT-Forest projects; and the Amazon Forest Inventory Network (RAINFOR), the African Tropical Rainforest Observation Network (AfriTRON) and the ForestPlots.net initiative for their contributions from Amazonian and African forests. The Natural Forest plot data collected between January 2009 and March 2014 by the LUCAS programme for the New Zealand Ministry for the Environment are provided by the New Zealand National Vegetation Survey Databank https://nvs.landcareresearch.co.nz/. We thank the International Boreal Forest Research Association (IBFRA); the Forestry Corporation of New South Wales, Australia; the National Forest Directory of the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development of the Argentine Republic (MAyDS) for the plot data of the Second National Forest Inventory (INBN2); the National Forestry Authority and Ministry of Water and Environment of Uganda for their National Biomass Survey (NBS) dataset; and the Sabah Biodiversity Council and the staff from Sabah Forest Research Centre. All TEAM data are provided by the Tropical Ecology Assessment and Monitoring (TEAM) Network, a collaboration between Conservation International, the Missouri Botanical Garden, the Smithsonian Institution and the Wildlife Conservation Society, and partially funded by these institutions, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and other donors, with thanks to all current and previous TEAM site manager and other collaborators that helped collect data. We thank the people of the Redidoti, Pierrekondre and Cassipora village who were instrumental in assisting with the collection of data and sharing local knowledge of their forest and the dedicated members of the field crew of Kabo 2012 census. We are also thankful to FAPESC, SFB, FAO and IMA/SC for supporting the IFFSC. This research was supported in part through computational resources provided by Information Technology at Purdue, West Lafayette, Indiana.This work is supported in part by the NASA grant number 12000401 ‘Multi-sensor biodiversity framework developed from bioacoustic and space based sensor platforms’ (J. Liang, B.P.); the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture McIntire Stennis projects 1017711 (J. Liang) and 1016676 (M.Z.); the US National Science Foundation Biological Integration Institutes grant NSF‐DBI‐2021898 (P.B.R.); the funding by H2020 VERIFY (contract 776810) and H2020 Resonate (contract 101000574) (G.-J.N.); the TEAM project in Uganda supported by the Moore foundation and Buffett Foundation through Conservation International (CI) and Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS); the Danish Council for Independent Research | Natural Sciences (TREECHANGE, grant 6108- 00078B) and VILLUM FONDEN grant number 16549 (J.-C.S.); the Natural Environment Research Council of the UK (NERC) project NE/T011084/1 awarded to J.A.-G. and NE/S011811/1; ERC Advanced Grant 291585 (‘T-FORCES’) and a Royal Society-Wolfson Research Merit Award (O.L.P.); RAINFOR plots supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the UK Natural Environment Research Council, notably NERC Consortium Grants ‘AMAZONICA’ (NE/F005806/1), ‘TROBIT’ (NE/D005590/1) and ‘BIO-RED’ (NE/N012542/1); CIFOR’s Global Comparative Study on REDD+ funded by the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation, the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, the European Union, the International Climate Initiative (IKI) of the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety and the CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (CRP-FTA) and donors to the CGIAR Fund; AfriTRON network plots funded by the local communities and NERC, ERC, European Union, Royal Society and Leverhume Trust; a grant from the Royal Society and the Natural Environment Research Council, UK (S.L.L.); National Science Foundation CIF21 DIBBs: EI: number 1724728 (A.C.C.); National Natural Science Foundation of China (31800374) and Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2019BC083) (H.L.). UK NERC Independent Research Fellowship (grant code: NE/S01537X/1) (T.J.); a Serra-Húnter Fellowship provided by the Government of Catalonia (Spain) (S.d.-M.); the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, grant 442640/2018-8, CNPq/Prevfogo-Ibama number 33/2018) (C.A.S.); a grant from the Franklinia Foundation (D.A.C.); Russian Science Foundation project number 19-77-300-12 (R.V.); the Takenaka Scholarship Foundation (A.O.A.); the German Research Foundation (DFG), grant number Am 149/16-4 (C.A.); the Romania National Council for Higher Education Funding, CNFIS, project number CNFIS-FDI-2022-0259 (O.B.); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN-2019-05109 and STPGP506284) and the Canadian Foundation for Innovation (36014) (H.Y.H.C.); the project SustES—Adaptation strategies for sustainable ecosystem services and food security under adverse environmental conditions (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000797) (E.C.); Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del estado de Durango (2019-01-155) (J.J.C.-R.); Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), New Delhi, Government of India (file number PDF/2015/000447)— ‘Assessing the carbon sequestration potential of different forest types in Central India in response to climate change’ (J.A.D.); Investissement d’avenir grant of the ANR (CEBA: ANR-10-LABEX-0025) (G.D.); National Foundation for Science & Technology Development of Vietnam, 106-NN.06-2013.01 (T.V.D.); Queensland government, Department of Environment and Science (T.J.E.); a Czech Science Foundation Standard grant (19-14620S) (T.M.F.); European Union Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007– 2013) under grant agreement number 265171 (L. Finer, M. Pollastrini, F. Selvi); grants from the Swedish National Forest Inventory, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (J.F.); CNPq productivity grant number 311303/2020-0 (A.L.d.G.); DFG grant HE 2719/11-1,2,3; HE 2719/14-1 (A. Hemp); European Union’s Horizon Europe research project OpenEarthMonitor grant number 101059548, CGIAR Fund INIT-32-MItigation and Transformation Initiative for GHG reductions of Agrifood systems RelaTed Emissions (MITIGATE+) (M.H.); General Directorate of the State Forests, Poland (1/07; OR-2717/3/11; OR.271.3.3.2017) and the National Centre for Research and Development, Poland (BIOSTRATEG1/267755/4/NCBR/2015) (A.M.J.); Czech Science Foundation 18-10781 S (S.J.); Danish of Ministry of Environment, the Danish Environmental Protection Agency, Integrated Forest Monitoring Program—NFI (V.K.J.); State of São Paulo Research Foundation/FAPESP as part of the BIOTA/FAPESP Program Project Functional Gradient-PELD/BIOTA-ECOFOR 2003/12595-7 & 2012/51872-5 (C.A.J.); Danish Council for Independent Research—social sciences—grant DFF 6109– 00296 (G.A.K.); Russian Science Foundation project 21-46-07002 for the plot data collected in the Krasnoyarsk region (V.K.); BOLFOR (D.K.K.); Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, Government of India (grant number BT/PR7928/ NDB/52/9/2006, dated 29 September 2006) (M.L.K.); grant from Kenya Coastal Development Project (KCDP), which was funded by World Bank (J.N.K.); Korea Forest Service (2018113A00-1820-BB01, 2013069A00-1819-AA03, and 2020185D10- 2022-AA02) and Seoul National University Big Data Institute through the Data Science Research Project 2016 (H.S.K.); the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, grant 442640/2018-8, CNPq/Prevfogo-Ibama number 33/2018) (C.K.); CSIR, New Delhi, government of India (grant number 38(1318)12/EMR-II, dated: 3 April 2012) (S.K.); Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, government of India (grant number BT/ PR12899/ NDB/39/506/2015 dated 20 June 2017) (A.K.); Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) #88887.463733/2019-00 (R.V.L.); National Natural Science Foundation of China (31800374) (H.L.); project of CEPF RAS ‘Methodological approaches to assessing the structural organization and functioning of forest ecosystems’ (AAAA-A18-118052590019-7) funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russia (N.V.L.); Leverhulme Trust grant to Andrew Balmford, Simon Lewis and Jon Lovett (A.R.M.); Russian Science Foundation, project 19-77-30015 for European Russia data processing (O.M.); grant from Kenya Coastal Development Project (KCDP), which was funded by World Bank (M.T.E.M.); the National Centre for Research and Development, Poland (BIOSTRATEG1/267755/4/NCBR/2015) (S.M.); the Secretariat for Universities and of the Ministry of Business and Knowledge of the Government of Catalonia and the European Social Fund (A. Morera); Queensland government, Department of Environment and Science (V.J.N.); Pinnacle Group Cameroon PLC (L.N.N.); Queensland government, Department of Environment and Science (M.R.N.); the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN-2018-05201) (A.P.); the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project number 20-05-00540 (E.I.P.); European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement number 778322 (H.P.); Science and Engineering Research Board, New Delhi, government of India (grant number YSS/2015/000479, dated 12 January 2016) (P.S.); the Chilean Government research grants Fondecyt number 1191816 and FONDEF number ID19 10421 (C.S.-E.); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Priority Program 1374 Biodiversity Exploratories (P.S.); European Space Agency projects IFBN (4000114425/15/NL/FF/gp) and CCI Biomass (4000123662/18/I-NB) (D. Schepaschenko); FunDivEUROPE, European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under grant agreement number 265171 (M.S.-L.); APVV 20-0168 from the Slovak Research and Development Agency (V.S.); Manchester Metropolitan University’s Environmental Science Research Centre (G.S.); the project ‘LIFE+ ForBioSensing PL Comprehensive monitoring of stand dynamics in Białowieża Forest supported with remote sensing techniques’ which is co-funded by the EU Life Plus programme (contract number LIFE13 ENV/PL/000048) and the National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management in Poland (contract number 485/2014/WN10/OP-NM-LF/D) (K.J.S.); Global Challenges Research Fund (QR allocation, MMU) (M.J.P.S.); Czech Science Foundation project 21-27454S (M.S.); the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project number 20-05-00540 (N. Tchebakova); Botanical Research Fund, Coalbourn Trust, Bentham Moxon Trust, Emily Holmes scholarship (L.A.T.); the programmes of the current scientific research of the Botanical Garden of the Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (V.A.U.); FCT—Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology—Project UIDB/04033/2020. Inventário Florestal Nacional—ICNF (H. Viana); Grant from Kenya Coastal Development Project (KCDP), which was funded by World Bank (C.W.); grants from the Swedish National Forest Inventory, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (B.W.); ATTO project (grant number MCTI-FINEP 1759/10 and BMBF 01LB1001A, 01LK1602F) (F.W.); ReVaTene/ PReSeD-CI 2 is funded by the Education and Research Ministry of Côte d’Ivoire, as part of the Debt Reduction-Development Contracts (C2Ds) managed by IRD (I.C.Z.-B.); the National Research Foundation of South Africa (NRF, grant 89967) (C.H.). The Tropical Plant Exploration Group 70 1 ha plots in Continental Cameroon Mountains are supported by Rufford Small Grant Foundation, UK and 4 ha in Sierra Leone are supported by the Global Challenge Research Fund through Manchester Metropolitan University, UK; the National Geographic Explorer Grant, NGS-53344R-18 (A.C.-S.); University of KwaZulu-Natal Research Office grant (M.J.L.); Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Dirección General de Asuntos de Personal Académico, Grant PAPIIT IN-217620 (J.A.M.). Czech Science Foundation project 21-24186M (R.T., S. Delabye). Czech Science Foundation project 20-05840Y, the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (LTAUSA19137) and the long-term research development project of the Czech Academy of Sciences no. RVO 67985939 (J.A.). The American Society of Primatologists, the Duke University Graduate School, the L.S.B. Leakey Foundation, the National Science Foundation (grant number 0452995) and the Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research (grant number 7330) (M.B.). Research grants from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnologico (CNPq, Brazil) (309764/2019; 311303/2020) (A.C.V., A.L.G.). The Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City (grant number CKJ-JYRC-2022-83) (H.-F.W.). The Ugandan NBS was supported with funds from the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF), the Austrian Development Agency (ADC) and FAO. FAO’s UN-REDD Program, together with the project on ‘Native Forests and Community’ Loan BIRF number 8493-AR UNDP ARG/15/004 and the National Program for the Protection of Native Forests under UNDP funded Argentina’s INBN2.
- Published
- 2022
11. The tropical biomass & carbon project–An application for forest biomass and carbon estimates
- Author
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Hassan C. David, Reinaldo I. Barbosa, Alexander C. Vibrans, Luciano F. Watzlawick, Jonathan W. Trautenmuller, Rafaelo Balbinot, Sabina C. Ribeiro, Laércio A.G. Jacovine, Ana Paula D. Corte, Carlos R. Sanquetta, Alessandra Calegari da Silva, Joberto Veloso de Freitas, and David W. MacFarlane
- Subjects
Ecological Modeling - Published
- 2022
12. Structure of mixed ombrophyllous forests with Araucaria angustifolia (Araucariaceae) under external stress in Southern Brazil
- Author
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Alexander C Vibrans, Lúcia Sevegnani, Alexandre Uhlmann, Lauri A Schorn, Marcos G Sobral, André L de Gasper, Débora V Lingner, Eduardo Brogni, Guilherme Klemz, Marcela B Godoy, and Marcio Verdi
- Subjects
inventario forestal regional ,Araucaria angustifolia ,estructura forestal ,impactos antrópicos en florestas ,regional forest inventory ,forest structure ,human impacts on forests ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
This study is part of the Floristic and Forest inventory of Santa Catarina, conceived to evaluate forest resources, species composition and structure of forest remnants, providing information to update forest conservation and land use policy in Southern Brazilian State of Santa Catarina (95 000km²). In accordance to the Brazilian National Forest inventory (IFN-BR), the inventory applies systematic sampling, with 440 clusters containing four crosswise 1 000m² plots (20x50m) each, located on a 10x10km grid overlaid to land use map based on classification of SPOT-4 images from 2005. Within the sample units, all woody individuals of the main stratum (DBH≥10cm) are measured and collected (fertile and sterile), if not undoubtedly identified in field. Regeneration stratum (height>1.50m; DBHEste estudio es parte del inventario Florístico Forestal de Santa Catarina, realizado para evaluar los recursos forestales, la composición de especies y la estructura de remanentes de bosque, y proporciona información para actualizar la conservación de los bosques y políticas de uso de la tierra en el estado brasileño de Santa Catarina (95 000km²). El inventario se aplica al muestreo sistemático, de 440 conglomerados en cuatro parcelas de 1 000m² cada una, situados en una red de 10x10km. Dentro de las parcelas, todos los individuos leñosos (DAP≥10cm) fueron medidos. El estrato de regeneración (altura>1.50m, DAP
- Published
- 2011
13. Impact Assessment of Timber Harvesting Operations for Enhancing Sustainable Management in a Secondary Atlantic Forest
- Author
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Pedro C. Britto, Dirk Jaeger, Stephan Hoffmann, Renato C. G. Robert, Alexander C. Vibrans, and Alfredo C. Fantini
- Subjects
Environmental sciences ,Environmental effects of industries and plants ,tractor winch ,snatch block ,TJ807-830 ,skidding cone ,GE1-350 ,TD194-195 ,Renewable energy sources ,chainsaw ,ArcGIS - Abstract
Conservation and management of forest ecosystems are currently largely conflicting goals in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome. At present, all parts of the Atlantic Forest are protected and commercial logging is highly restricted. However, sustainable forest management systems can offer significant income opportunities for landholders, and thereby actively support the process of ecosystem rehabilitation and protection of the Atlantic Forest. This research is intended to contribute to enhancing the development of environmentally sound forest management alternatives in the Atlantic Forest biome. Through a case study, the harvesting impact of a conventional harvesting method (CM) was evaluated and compared with an alternative and improved harvesting method (AM), performed by a well-trained professional chainsaw operator experienced in reduced impact logging techniques, and included the use of a snatch block and a skidding cone. Following a full pre-harvest inventory, 110 different tree species were identified. The harvesting impact on the residual stand was classified and evaluated through a successive post-harvest inventory. Damage maps were developed based on interpolation of tree damage intensities with the triangular irregular networks (TIN) methodology. Our results showed noticeable high rates of tree hang-ups, observed for both harvesting methods. Furthermore, the harvesting damaged trees mainly in the lower diameter at breast height (DBH) classes. In comparison to winching, the felling process caused most of the damage to remnant trees for both methods, at 87% (CM) and 88% (AM). The number of damaged trees (above 11.9 cm DBH) per harvested tree, for CM, ranged from 0.8 trees to 2.5 trees and, for AM, ranged from 0.6 trees to 2.2 trees. Improvements of the AM method (operator skills, skidding cone and snatch block) over CM allowed for a reduction of the damaged basal area, a reduction of the &ldquo, high damaged area&rdquo, per plot, and a reduction of the winching disturbed ground area. Nonetheless, a suitable harvesting system should consider further improvements in the felling technique, and additionally integrate the local knowledge of CM regarding forest and tree species with the technical improvements of AM.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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