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The results of the analysis of quality indicators of the proposed control systems for the electric drive of the DMZ ore yard with rheostatic tilt speed control, using alternative the system "thyristor converter - DC motor" and "frequency converter - induction motor", by studying the transients of these electric drive systems using the software product Matlab. It is established that the parameters of the control system "frequency converter - induction motor", are not inferior to the parameters of the control system "thyristor converter - DC motor", and even slightly exceed it, in particular, in the range of technological speeds of the wagon tipper drive, and energy losses during transient start-up processes are 2.3% less than the "thyristor converter - DC motor". It is expedient to use the offered decisions in case of modernization of the operating electric drive of the wagon tipper.

Analysis of basic research. In practice, the EMC reliability indicators, in particular the failure rate, are time-varying quantities. In view of this, it is necessary to determine such periodicity values and maintenance volumes that would ensure the EMC maximum availability factor. The most adequate mathematical model for analyzing the technical state of EMC can be obtained using the apparatus of the theory of semi-Markov processes (PMF), the basis of which is an oriented graph of the basic states and transitions (GSP) of EMC during operation, which allows to formulate maintenance and maintenance strategies, the content of a separate strategy is determined a specific set of options for all states of EMC.The purpose of the article. Construction and study of a mathematical model of the EMC operation process to determine the optimal intervals and maintenance and repair strategies.The main research material. The solution to the first problem includes: building a model for the operation of the EMC; the derivation of the calculated ratio for the availability factor as a function of the technical condition of the EMC and the service station; obtaining an analytical formula for calculating optimal maintenance intervals.The paper proposes a combination of indicators ranked by importance in the linear programming problem, where the transfer time, which is a function of the SRT parameters and the technical condition of the EMC, is selected as the objective function, and the remaining indicators (readiness level, complex operation costs, and others) are taken into account in the form of restrictions. The result of solving this problem is a set of maintenance and repair options at each step of the operation of the EMC, which comprise the content of the optimal maintenance and repair strategy.Conclusions. An analytical relationship was obtained on the basis of the semi-Markov model of the operation process that allows one to calculate the optimal conditions for ensuring the availability factor of the periodicity of maintenance, which makes it possible to control the unsteady operation of the EMC, to obtain the necessary technical and economic quality indicators to build an adaptive ACS with the technical state of the EMC.

У статті представлено методологічні підходи до створення сучасних автоматизованих систем управління проектами, які наділені властивістю швидкого реагування в режимі реального часу на динаміку поточних виробничих ситуацій на підприємстві. Ці системи вирішують складні завдання: моніторинг, прогнозування розвитку різних ситуацій на підприємстві при зміні будь яких умов; оперативне формування альтернативних сценаріїв управління, їх об'єктивна оцінка з відбором найбільш ефективних рішень та інше, The article presents methodological approaches to the creation of modern automated project management systems, which are endowed with the ability to quickly react in real time to the dynamics of current production situations in the enterprise. These systems solve complex problems: monitoring, forecasting the development of various situations in the enterprise when any conditions change; operative formation of alternative management scenarios, their objective evaluation with the selection of the most effective solutions and other

Small-size turbines of the aviation gas-turbine plants differ by their high output losses and a high sensitivity to the value of radial clearance over the rotor blades. An increase in this clearance, for example, in-operation results in the reduced power efficiency factor due to a change in the losses in the nozzle, in the turbine wheel and output losses. Test data of the cascade of an average reliability with the rotor blade height of 20.73 mm were given for the three clearances, in particular 0.22; 0.6 and 1.0 m. An increase in the losses in the upper zone was recorded for rotor and nozzle blades with an increase in clearance. It was shown that due to a change in the distribution behavior along the radius of absolute velocity С 2 output losses can either be increased or decreased or remain unchanged at a change in the clearance depending on the averaged angle of flow output from the cascade in the absolute motion α 2. To improve the methods of one-dimensional computation of the cascade using the integral characteristics of its lattices the method of definition of output losses was suggested taking into consideration radial nonuniformity of the velocity С 2 at a high clearance value. It is assumed that the flow velocity С 2 is constant along the radius at a minimum clearance value of 0.22 mm. A degree of the radial nonuniformity of velocity С 2 was taken into consideration using the cascade test data in different modes and at different clearances. The obtained test data on the influence of clearance on absolute losses with the output velocity are naturally not multi-purpose, because even for the cascade investigation, the kinetic energy of flow behind it depends not only on the clearance value and the averaged output angle but also on some other auxiliary factors.

The article deals with the origin and formation of debating positions in American criticism and philosophy. It analyzes “Intentional Fallacy” by W. Wimsatt and M. Beardsley. as well as E.D. Hirsch’s texts concerning the idea of objective interpretation which initiated this discussion.In fact, both positions are limited because of their normative and ahistorical character. Both sides try to regulate interpretation. Wimsatt and Beardsley lose the historical place of a text, whereas Hirsch reduces the historical place of an interpreter.Anti-intentionalism of Wimsatt and Beardsley relies on interpretative practice of American New Criticism with its principle of work’s autonomy. Despite the article’s empirical character, its important outcome is negation of subjectivity of meaning, and formulation of premises of its intersubjective understanding.Hirsch affirms the invariability of work’s meaning and with this purpose (1) identifies it with the author’s intention binding it with the notion of intentionality and author’s horizon-context (based on Husserl and Dilthey), (2) introduces the distinction between meaning and significance (based on Frege and Saussure). Despite the contradictions of Hirsch’s positions both in understanding these ideas and in his own conclusions, his merit is the statement of the problem of meaning in general and extending the discussion into the territory of hermeneutics and philosophy of literature.

The data of computational aerodynamic investigations carried out for the diffuser used by the discharge nozzles of modern steam turbines have been given. The calculations were done using the axisymmetric statement for the three options of flow turn to the collection chamber of exhaust nozzles. During the computation, we varied the parameters of special flow injection at the external diffuser by-pass and took into account the above-shroud leakage. The following characteristics were analyzed, in particular the flow injection jet pulse coefficient and the coefficients of net, internal and outlet velocity losses of the diffuser. It was shown that the outlet velocity loss produced the basic influence on the level of net losses of the diffuser due to the flow pattern and the availability of separated circulation zones, and the diffuser flow and the flow of nonaxisymmetric collection chamber of the exhaust nozzle are subjected to the substantial influence of flow injection parameters. Optimal parameters of the injection jet were determined taking into consideration the flow discharge from the exhaust nozzle into the capacitor of a cellar type. The recommendations were given on how to improve the aerodynamic characteristics of the diffuser due to a change in the structure in the region of special injection of the flow. A circumferential change in the size of the output slit of circular channel at the invariable total area of steam output allows for a decrease of mixing losses in the collection chamber and circular nonuniformity of the pressure behind the last cascade for the diffuser cowling flow without separation that results in a decrease of the net losses of exhaust nozzle. Proposed recommendations can be used to provide special injection of the flow of wet steam mixture removed from the circumferential zone of the last stage, increasing thus the efficiency of the exhaust zone of steam turbine with the cellar arrangement of the capacitor and retaining the erosion reliability of the last stage of low pressure cylinder.

The article deals with the comparative analysis of philosophic and aesthetic positions of H. Cohen and early M. M. Bakhtin. It considers in detail the place of configuration of concepts of completion and aesthetic love (borrowed by Bakhtin from Gohen’s aesthetics) in the aesthetics of each thinker. It shows the radical rethinking of the meaning and contents of these notions and reaccentuating their place in Bakhtin’s aesthetics particularly on connection with the question of relation between art and religion where thinkers take opposed positions, and also in connection with general Bakhtin’s philosophic provisions, treating being as interaction between two consciousnesses. It is concluded that this rethinking conditioned by Bakhtin’s surmounting of transcendental approach in philosophy and going over from philosophy of consciousness to philosophy of being, and in aesthetics – from aesthetics of consciousnesses to aesthetics of event.

The article proposes the analysis of Mikhail Bakhtin’s philosophy of act as the surmounting of the subject-object approach specific for the transcendental tradition of philosophy. The notion of act is analyzed as the way out of the frame of the opposition of consciousness and being in transcendental philosophy up to Husserl. The parallel with the Heidegger’s philosophy is indicated. Nevertheless Bakhtin retains dependence from transcendental philosophy. His notion of act has some common features with Descartes’ cogito. The residing dependence from transcendental approach is determined by the uncritical reliance on phenomenological method. This results in Bakhtin’s philosophy and aesthetics partial contradiction to its own claims on its pretheoretical character since the main provisions of the philosophy of act are already loaded with historical cultural predispositions. At the same time it is possible to speak of the transitional character of Bakhtin’s early philosophy and aesthetics.

Comparative design investigations of axiannular divergent cones were carried out using the CFD software. Turbulence models built-in into the CFD–software were used for the computations, in particular Spalart-Allmaras (S-A), k–w Shear Stress Transport (k–w SST), V2F. The aperture angle of the external by-pass of cones varied in the range of a = 11°–36°, while the cone expansion degree varied as n = 2–4. The data of CFD computations were compared with the known experimental curve obtained by Klein and confirmed by Zariankin, which divides the plane (a–n) into two regions: unseparated flow and separated flow regions. The region above this curve represents the separated flow in the cone at any combination of parameters (a–n), and the region below this curve represents the unseparated flow. The computations done using the CFD-software for axiannular divergent cones in the studied range of the relationships of geometric parameters (a–n) showed that the use of k–ω SST and V2F models results in the flow separation in the cones situated in the unseparated flow region, which runs counter to the experimental data, and the use of the turbulence model S-A provided the unseparable flow in the region below the experimental Klein curve and resulted in the flow separation in the region below this curve. Design investigations showed that the turbulence model (Spalart-Allmaras (S-A)) provides an opportunity for the satisfactory simulation of unseparable and separable flows in the cones of this type.

The leakage above the rotor wheel in the last turbine stage can positively influence the characteristics of the diffuser acting by analogy to the special inflation of the flow into the boundary layer in the external bypass of the diffuser. Contemporary structures of high pressure cylinders are equipped with axial-radial diffuser or diffuser installed in the exhaust pipe branch; therefore the problem of influence of the above-shroud leakage in the last stage on the aerodynamics of the exit diffuser of high pressure cylinders is rather vital. Computing investigations were carried out using CFD of the axisymmetric axial-radial diffuser peculiar for the exhaust pipe branches of high pressure cylinders of steam turbines in a wide range of pressure variations that define a value of the above-shroud leakage in the rotor wheel of the last stage. The flow behavior in the diffuser, the coefficients of losses and the pressure distribution on the diffuser cowling have been studied. It has been established that at the minimum values of leakage, which is peculiar for the seals of a cellular structure the flow in the diffuser is detachable and a coefficient of full losses has maximum values and at an increased above-shroud leakage that occurs in the traditional seals of a labyrinth type the point of flow separation from the cowling shifts towards the exit section lowering considerably the coefficient of full losses.

The article analyses M. M. Bakhtin’s early works “Art and Responsibility” and “Toward a Philosophy of Act” which show that the philosophical way of Russian thinker was essentially parallel to the path of Western philosophy from Heidegger to post-structuralism and at the same time was an original attempt to overcome the transcendental approach in philosophy and aesthetics. Bakhtin worked out his original “first” philosophy of being or moral philosophy as polemically opposed to the Western philosophy of mind and especially to Kant’s philosophy. But it was not free from certain transcendental moments connected with the orientation on the phenomenological method which later caused Bakhtin’s evolvution towards hermeneutical philosophy of language and culture. References Антисери Д., Реале Дж. Западная философия от истоков до наших дней. Т. 4: От романтиз-ма до наших дней. – М.: Петрополис, 1994. – 880 с. Бахтин М.М. 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On the basis of the analysis of the famous Heidegger’s text “The Origin of the Work of Art” the article proposes the interpretation of his aesthetics not only as anti-subjectivist, but also as socio-historically oriented. This essay takes the intermediate position between the early Heidegger-existentialist and late Heidegger-poetic thinker of Being. Both are characterized by the social abstractness as the first is concerned solely with the individual being of Dasein whereas the second fully concentrates on the Being as such accessible through the medium of the language as “the house of being”. It is “The Origin” delivered in the transitional period contains more concrete social implications. Its analysis shows that in spite of the abstract unhistorical character of Heidegger’s notions as they are traditionally perceived his aesthetics is interesting as it suggests the understanding of art as a revelation of socio-historical truth and the author as a medium of the truth but not its inventor, an autonomous subject. References Арендт Х. Vita activa, или О деятельной жизни. – СПб.: Издательство «Алетейя», 2000. – 437 с. Бимель В. Мартин Хайдеггер сам свидетельствующий о себе и о своей жизни. – Челя- бинск: Урал LTD, 1998. – 285 с. Гадамер Г.-Г. Введение к «Истоку художественного творения» // Хайдеггер М. Работы и размышления разных лет. – М.: Издательство «Гнозис», 1993. – С. 117–132. Гайдеґґер М. Дорогою до мови. – Львів: Літопис, 2007. – 232 с. Гайденко П.П. Искусство и бытие. М. Хайдеггер о сущности художественного произ- ведения // Философия. Религия. Культура: Критический анализ современной бур- жуазной философии. – М.: Мысль, 1982. – С. 188–212. Демидюк Л. Концепція прамови у поезії Миколи Воробйова та філософії Мартіна Гай- деґґера // Вісник Львівського університету. Серія філологічна. – 2008. – Вип. 44. – Частина 1. – С. 61–71. Лукаш В. Герменевтика // Література. Теорія. Методологія. – Київ: Видавничий дім «Києво-Могилянська академія», 2008. – С. 56–113. Марков А.В. Проблема судьбы творца у позднего Хайдеггера. Дисс. на соиск. ученой степ. канд. филос. н. – М.: 2002. – 155 с. Мінаков М. Сутність мови і смисл буття в онтології Мартіна Гайдеґґера // Гайдеґґер М. Дорогою до мови. – Львів: Літопис, 2007. – С. 7–16. Сафранский Р. Хайдеггер: германский мастер и его время. – М.: Молодая гвардия, 2005. – 614 с. Токмань Г. Екзистенціальна аналітика й літературознавство (Мартін Гайдеггер як ін- терпретатор лірики) // Слово і час. – 2001. – № 7. – С. 23–34. Хабермас Ю. Философский дискурс о модерне. – М.: Издательство «Весь Мир», 2003. – 416 с. Хайнади З. Искусство и метафизика смерти. Лев Толстой и Мартин Хайдеггер: фило- софско-поэтический опыт сравнительного изучения // Вопросы литературы. – 2009. – № 5. – С. 304–332. Хайддегер М. Введение в метафизику. – СПб.: НОУ – «Высшая религиозно- философская школа», 1998. – 302 с. Хайдеггер М. Бытие и время. – М.: Ad marginem, 1997. – 451 с. Хайдеггер М. Исток искусства и предназначение мысли // Хайдеггер М. Работы и раз- мышления разных лет. – М.: Издательство «Гнозис», 1993a. – С. 280–292. Хайдеггер М. Исток художественного творения // Хайдеггер М. Работы и размышления разных лет. – М.: Издательство «Гнозис», 1993b. – С. 50–116. Хайдеггер М. Ницше. – СПб.: Владимир Даль, 2006. – Т.1. – 604 с. Хайдеггер М. Основные проблемы феноменологии. – СПб: Высшая религиозно- философская школа, 2001. – 445 с. Хайдеггер М. Разъяснения к поэзии Гельдерлина. – СПб.: Академический проект, 2003. – 320 с. Bolt B. Heidegger Reframed: Interpreting Key Thinkers for the Arts (Contemporary Thinkers Reframed). – London, New York: I.B.Tauris & Co. Ltd, 2011. – 189 р. Faden, G. Der Schein der Kunst: Zu Heideggers Kritik der Asthetik. — Wurzburg: Konigshausen und Neumann, 1986. – 229 S. Halliburton D. Poetic Thinking: An approach to Heidegger. – Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1981. – xii, 235 р. Heidegger M. Being and Time / trans. John Macquarrie & Edward Robinson. –New York: Harper & Row, 1962. – 589 p. Heidegger M. Sein und Zeit. – Tubingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag, 1967. – 437 S. Heidegger M. The essence of truth: on Plato's cave allegory and Theaetetus. – London, New York : Continuum, 2002. – xii, 252 p. Herrmann F.-W. Heideggers Philosophie der Kunst: eine systematische Interpretation der Holzwege-Abhandlung "Der Ursprung des Kunstwerkes". – Frankfurt am Main: Vittorio Klostermann, 1994. – 498 S. Kockelmans J. J. Heidegger on art and art works. – Dordrecht, Boston: M. Nijhoff, 1985. – xiv, 249 p. Poggeler O. Der Denkweg Martin Heideggers. – Pfullingen: Neske, 1963. – 318 p. Poggeler O. Philosophie und Politik bei Heidegger. – Freiburg: Alber, 1972. – 151 p. Thomson I. D. Heidegger, Art, and Postmodernity. – New York: Cambridge UP, 2011. – xix, 245 p.