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War is recognized as an important element in the process of consolidation of national identities, as well as in the shaping of collective memory. Also, certain literary narratives of war are considered fundamental in the symbolic process leading to the formation and consolidation of national identities. A founding status has been attributed to Pepetela, a well-known Angolan writer, winner of several major international awards. His novel Mayombe , written in 1971 and published after independence, in 1980, is a literary account of the confrontations between Portuguese soldiers and the guerrillas of the anti-colonial People’s Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA – Movimento Popular de Libertacao de Angola) in northern Angola. The present paper will focus on the myth of the nation’s origins proposed in this novel. It is suggested that Mayombe portrays just one of the possible perspectives on anti-colonial war and on the origins of the Angolan nation, namely a perspective moulded after a socialist imagery, and shaped by a teleological view of history. I will argue that this vision influences the handling of such important issues as individual freedom, the co-existence of diverse forms of collective identity, and the use of violence, leading to a bias in collective memory. War is recognized as an important element in the process of consolidation of national identities, as well as in the shaping of collective memory. Also, certain literary narratives of war are considered fundamental in the symbolic process leading to the formation and consolidation of national identities. A founding status has been attributed to Pepetela, a well-known Angolan writer, winner of several major international awards. His novel Mayombe , written in 1971 and published after independence, in 1980, is a literary account of the confrontations between Portuguese soldiers and the guerrillas of the anti-colonial People’s Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA – Movimento Popular de Libertacao de Angola) in northern Angola. The present paper will focus on the myth of the nation’s origins proposed in this novel. It is suggested that Mayombe portrays just one of the possible perspectives on anti-colonial war and on the origins of the Angolan nation, namely a perspective moulded after a socialist imagery, and shaped by a teleological view of history. I will argue that this vision influences the handling of such important issues as individual freedom, the co-existence of diverse forms of collective identity, and the use of violence, leading to a bias in collective memory.

This chapter offers an original argument regarding the contribution of ethno-history to Angolan nationalism. In the mid-1960s, a group of intellectuals committed to the cause of the MPLA (Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola) forged a counter-narrative to the epics disseminated by the coloniser and created a new ethno-history of Angola that supported the nationalists’ claim for independence. This chapter examines their major accomplishment, the textbook Historia de Angola, as well as Pepetela’s novel Yaka, in order to understand how the myths and heroes these narratives convey have provided legitimacy for the MPLA. The chapter also analyses more obscure aspects embedded in these founding narratives, such as a praising of violence and the demonisation of ethnicity.

The editors of Media and the Portuguese Empire offer in this introduction an overview of the historical circumstances and communication processes which marked the Portuguese expansion into Asia, Brazil and Africa. They provide a concise report on the dynamic processes which allowed a small country on the edge of Western Europe to govern the first of the European world empires to be established and the last to be dismantled, in the aftermath of a long colonial war. This was an empire that extended, by the end of the nineteenth century, from Macau, on the coast of China, to the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores, Madeira, Cape Verde and S. Tome, including Timor and several enclaves on the Indian coast, as well as coastal territory covering lands which today are part of Angola, Mozambique and Guinea-Bissau.

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Esta tese tem como objectivo contribuir para a história das mulheres na arquitectura portuguesa, procurando traçar uma parte do seu percurso através da visibilidade das mulheres na imprensa da especialidade, em particular nas publicações realizadas nas revistas Arquitectura e Binário no período compreendido entre 1940 e 1979. É propósito desta dissertação procurar entender, através da análise do momento de publicação e da frequência e constância destas publicações no espaço de tempo em estudo, a evolução do envolvimento e aceitação da mulher no mundo da arquitetura em Portugal, procurando estabelecer uma relação com o contexto social, económico e político vivido no País ao longo das décadas em estudo. Numa primeira fase, é efectuada uma contextualização histórica da arquitetura em Portugal, seguida de uma recapitulização das publicações em arquitectura portuguesa. O tema da mulher é abordado através de noções da evolução do papel da mulher na Europa e posteriormente abordado o percurso do papel da mulher na sociedade portuguesa e na arquitetura em Portugal. Por fim, é apresentada a pesquisa efectuada nas duas publicações em estudo e analisados os resultados obtidos., This thesis aims to contribute to the history of women in portuguese architecture by tracing a part of their path through the visibility of women in the specialized press, particularly in the articles that were published in Arquitectura and Binário magazines between 1940 and 1979. It is the goal of this dissertation to understand, through an analisis of the moment of publication, frequency and constancy of these publications in the period of time under study, the evolution of the involvement and acceptation of the woman in the field of architecture in Portugal, looking forward to establish a relation with the social, economic and political context of the country through the period of time under study. In a first phase, a historical contextualization of the architecture in Portugal is carried out, followed by a recapitulation of the publications in portugese architecture. The theme of the woman is approached through notions of the evolution of the role of women in Europe and later is addressed the course of the role of women in Portuguese society and architecture in Portugal. Finally, the research carried out in the two publications under study is presented and the results obtained are analyzed., Orientação: Patrícia Alexandra Dias Santos Pedrosa

Atualmente uma das realidades das cidades é conter espaços públicos disfuncionais: uns de grande dimensão, vazios e inseguros, outros escondidos, esquecidos e alvos de vandalismo, outros ainda com difícil acesso, degradados e sem apropriação. É neste sentido que a presente investigação pretende atender, expondo uma metodologia de aplicação prática em auxílio à conceção ou restruturação destes espaços. Em primeira fase é realizado um enquadramento histórico com intuito de entender a origem dos espaços públicos em contexto global, transitando para um enquadramento dos espaços públicos em Portugal, onde se insere o caso de estudo. A segunda fase refere-se a reflexões conceptuais que vão de encontro à temática em estudo, cooperando na consolidação do processo metodológico em composição. A última fase corresponde à demonstração do processo aplicado no caso de estudo: o Largo Frei Heitor Pinto no Bairro de Alvalade., Nowadays the reality is that cities contain disfunctional public spaces: some are large, empty and insecure, other are hidden, forgotten and target of vandalism, other are of difficult access, degraded and without ownership. The present investigation intends to help correct these issues by presenting a practical methodology that targets these spaces reorganisation. In the first part, an historical background is given in order to explain the origins of public spaces, firstly in a global context and then transitioning to the Portuguese context, where the case study is located. In the second part, conceptual thinking about the public spaces thematic is presented and used in the development of the practical methodology. The third and last part demonstrates the applicability of the practical methodology to the case study: Largo Frei Heitor Pinto, Bairro de Alvalade., Orientação: Patrícia Alexandra Dias Santos Pedrosa