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One of the topics of distance in graphs is resolving set problems. Suppose the set W = {s1, s2,..., sk} ⊂V (G), the vertex representations of ∈V (G) is rm(x|W) = {d(x, s1), d(x, s2),..., d(x, sk)}, where d(x, si) is the length of the shortest path of the vertex x and the vertex in W together with their multiplicity. The set W is called a local m-resolving set of graphs G if rm(v|W) ≠ = rm(u|W) for uv ∈ E(G). The local m-resolving set having minimum cardinality is called the local multiset basis and it's cardinality is called the local multiset dimension of G, denoted by mdl (G). In our paper, we determined the local multiset dimension of amalgamation of cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The PKBM program answers the reality of difficulties that often arise in non-formal institutions, especially the challenges of institutional operations during the Covid-19 pandemic. According to preliminary research, institutional operational costs, as well as other factors, are often mentioned by PKBM administrators, then the government's concern for the world of non-formal education and the delay in learning programs during this pandemic. This study is based on an analysis of community needs. This study aims to describe the PKBM program planning in the management of community education programs. The researcher uses descriptive research with qualitative methods to present data and information, meaning that it describes the breadth of data and information based on the study design and research objectives, namely how to plan a needs-based training program, namely there are several stages, namely the needs analysis stage, planning the training design then establish the objectives and benefits of the training program, and evaluate the training program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the governance of Community Learning Centers (CLC) in 2 countries, namely the Shimin Center in Japan and CLC (PKBM) in Indonesia. This study explores governance that includes program implementation in managerial aspects, namely the planning, implementation and evaluation functions carried out by Community Learning Centers in Indonesia and Japan. The theory underlying this research is the concept of lifelong education, the concept of community-based education and the concept of community education. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The data collection technique used in this research is through Focus Group Discussion (FGD), interview, observation, literature study and documentation study. The research subjects were 6 people, where 3 people from Shimin Center and 3 people from PKBM. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the community learning center program both in Japan and in Indonesia in terms of aspects; a) program planning is always based on needs, formulation of objectives, program design, recruitment of facilitators and socialization and always refers to government policies; b) Implementation of programs developed by PKBM in Indonesia through a) Program Inputs (raw input, instrumental input, environmental input, process, output, other input and impact). As for the Shimin Center institution in Japan, it adheres to 3 main characteristics, namely the information center, a center for participation and self-actualization and is open to all ages and circles and is a place that guarantees freedom and equal rights, free services, has autonomy as a learning and cultural institution, has staff, is affordable (accessibility), adequate facilities and community participation; c) Evaluation of programs carried out by the Shimin Center in Japan and PKBM in Indonesia is carried out through evaluation of learning (formative and summative), evaluation of program services, personnel, and evaluation of educational unit institutions through unit quality assurance (accreditation). The evaluation carried out by the Japanese Government in managing the Shimin Center includes evaluation of learning carried out by volunteers/facilitators, in addition, evaluation is also carried out by asking for opinions from the community and community leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The barista vocational education equivalency package C is an innovation in the education equivalency program, which has the potency effect in assisting the national education goals. This research aims to describe the potency of PKBM (Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat) — Community Learning Centers — in organizing the barista vocational education equivalency package C program. This research applied a qualitative approach with the case study research method. The data was collected through questionnaire, structured interview, observation, and documentation study. Then, those data were analyzed through data reduction, interpretation, and conclusion. The results show that (1) based on the location, PKBM in the Jember Regency has the same opportunity to organize the barista vocational program package C, (2) based on the students, millennial-generation students are more interested in utilizing barista skills as a functional skill compared to the previous generations, (3) based on the institution readiness, most of PKBMs are ready to joint venture with course training institution (LKP) rather than organizing by themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online learning becomes a new alternative to subtitute face-to-face learning during the pandemic of Covid-19. It used Learning Management System (LMS) to support the learning outcomes. This condition affected students' ability in critical thinking and behavior demanding them to survive and adapt well with the new learning system. This demand was to face the challenge of 21st century which is to produce graduates with critical ability that are able to think comprehensevely and logically; and to evaluate the outcomes of certain disciplines. This research was applied qualitative approach with documentation study. The result was to create questions in HOTS level adjusted with development flow. It started from grid arrangement to question card confirmation. The question development in high school level was carried out in Ekonomi Kerakyatan dan Koperasi subject (People's Economy and Cooperative). This development led to behavior forming of individual to be able to analyze in order to improve the excellence of UMKM (Small Micro Medium Enterprises) in various case studies. The demand of creating opportunity and product prospect were also parts of this question development. The steps of card arrangement were; (1) analyzing the characteristics of HOTS questions using indicators to measure the cognitive level C-4 (analyze), C-5 (evaluate), and C-6 (create). In conclusion, the question card arrangement was able to improve the students' quality in HOTS oriented learning activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jember Regency is one of the districts with a fairly large number of illiteracy rates, namely 164,346 million people. Answering the above problems, functional literacy programs still have to be implemented with various strategies and components of good implementation. The development of thematic teaching materials in accordance with the local context can be one strategy in improving the quality of literacy learning because teaching materials are an important component in the success of literacy learning. On this basis, it is necessary to develop learning materials by taking into account the characteristics of students including local potential, culture, geographical location, physiological, psychological, level, self-concept. The purpose of this study is to describe the use of thematic teaching materials as an effort to improve the quality of functional literacy learning programs. The type of research used is qualitative research using the ADDIE development model which consists of five stages, including analysis, design, develop, implement, and evaluate. The results of the development of coastal community-based thematic teaching and learning materials can facilitate "calistung" (Calistung is reading, writing and calculating) learning activities in literacy programs. For further research, research can be carried out by prioritizing the benefits of teaching materials to support the success of literacy programs so that they can assist government programs in reducing dropout rates in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online Single Submission (OSS) is a business license issued by the OSS institution through an electronically integrated business service system in an easy, faster, precise and efficient way. The theoretical studies used in this study are the concept of mentoring, the concept of the Community Learning Activity Center and Online Single Submission (OSS). The method used in this research was descriptive method with data collection techniques in the form of interviews and literature studies. The results showed that 1) the implementation of OSS in PKBM Daarut Tauhiid through the steps; first, log in on OSS systems using user-ID previously created. Second, fill in the required data including company data, product data, business data related to the establishment of PKBM buildings and the workforce. Third, fill in the business field information in accordance with the Indonesian Standard Clarification for Business Fields (KBLI). The description that is filled in the establishment of PKBM is a description of the business field of the non-formal PKBM Daarut Tauhiid unit. Fourth, after everything is filled put a mark checklist as proof of approval of the statement regarding the truth and validity of the data entered; and fifth, business actors will get NIB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The learning process in Indonesian elementary schools uses a thematic model. This policy aims to optimize the achievement of student competencies by integrating various subjects in a particular theme.This observational study aimed to gain an overview of the practice of thematic learning-oriented on the establishment of life skills in initial primary school classes. Through classroom observation, the researchers tried to describe the teaching-learning process that integrated several subjects in a unified theme to develop life skills through training affective, psychomotor, and cognitive competencies equally. Sources of data in this study were students and teachers of 1C grade of SD Muhammadiyah 1 Jember. The results of the observations show that learning with the theme of "myself" takes place through observing phenomena based on context, digging up information, doing assignments, discuss the results, and strengthening competencies. Through this series of activities, we found students gaining academic and vocational abilities, also showing positive attitudes regarding the subject matter. Thus, this thematic learning can be a reference model for teachers in the same context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic caused many problems of learning process. Regarding to this situation, the Indonesian government has decided that schools should implement distance learning. The negative impact of closing schools is learning loss for learners. There are two factors affecting learning loss. First is internal factors which refer to the learner's characteristics like motivation, attitude, the interest of the learners about what they learn in the classroom. The second one is external factors related to the instructional process, instructional strategies, media and technology used to deliver the materials and learning environment. To overcome the problems of learning loss, teachers need to empower their learning with technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children learn to regulate themselves independently at preschool age; thus, adjustment is necessary to improve. Several studies have found the relationship between cool executive function and the development of adjustment. However, little is known about the impact of cool executive function intervention to enhance the adjustment of preschool children. This study investigated the efficacy of an online intervention that focuses on cool executive function components (inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility) in improving children's adjustment during COVID-19 pandemic. The study included seven sessions consisting of 4 different tasks (self-ordered pointing task, flanker task, stop-signal task, and flexible item selection task), which lasted approximately one month. Sixty-four children (48-72 months) who participated in the study were randomized into an experimental or control group. Pre-and post-assessments conducted using Child Adjustment and Parenting Self-efficacy (CAPES). Changes in children's adjustment were analyzed using the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results indicate that the adjustment among participants has improved significantly only in children aged four years (48-59 months). This finding suggests that the cool executive function intervention can promote early child adjustment by adding another aspect of EF, even in a pandemic condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to examine how big the influence of emotional intelligence and description of motivation on teacher performance as a whole, either partially or simultaneously in early childhood in Malang Regency. Data collection strategies were carried out through observation, questionnaires, and documentation. The evaluation of facts used is descriptive statistical evaluation, inferential statistical evaluation, and evaluation of more than one linear regression using the SPSS model 21 calculation application. These results confirm the strength of emotional intelligence and description of motivation on the overall performance of trainers partially and simultaneously at ECTP Malang Regency.. Emotional intelligence has a more significant influence than work motivation on performance at ECTP Malang Regency. Research on emotional intelligence, work motivation, and teacher performance has contributed to the institutional development and management of education in improving the quality of ECTP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social competence is a crucial developmental task for preschool children that involves higher neurocognitive processes. Research has revealed the significance of parenting stress and parenting behavior influencing the development of social competence during the preschool period. Nonetheless, the mechanism of relationship between parenting stress, parenting behavior, and child's social competence development has not been well explored. Furthermore, limited studies have investigated the mediating role of parenting practice in the relationship between parenting stress and child's social competence. This research aims to explore the role of parental autonomy support as one of parenting behavior as a mediator in the relationship of parenting stress and 4-6 years old child's social competence during COVID-19. Children aged 4-6 years old (N=56) and their parents participated in the current study. Children's social competence and parents' level of parenting stress were measured through two different parent-report questionnaires, and parental autonomy support was observed during the dyadic interaction. Data collection and observations are conducted online. Results indicate that parent autonomy support fully mediates the relationship of parenting stress and preschool children's social competence. This research extends previous studies about the indirect effect of parenting stress on preschool children's social competence mediated by parenting behavior in a pandemic condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In line with the ministry of education and culture to promote students' independent learning (Ind: Merdeka Belajar) teachers should take advantage of arts as medium of instruction in elementary social studies classroom. The purpose of this study is to employ arts-based instruction in social studies to foster students' independent learning and higher order thinking skills. Built upon the previous research on arts integration approach this study offers a rationale for employing visual arts potential into social studies. With this approach it is presumed that both arts and social studies teachers benefit of aligning the arts and social studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hot EF is a set of neurocognitive functions that contribute to children's ability to adapt and survive in emotionally challenging situations. Healthy children will be easily adjusted to new challenges to avoid behavioral and emotional problems during the pandemic. Unfortunately, research shows that no intervention can be used to develop early childhood hot EF. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effectiveness of online hot EF-based interventions on increasing hot EF and early childhood adjustment. A Between Subject Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design was applied in this study. This study was followed by 62 children who were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received five individual online sessions for three weeks. Hot EF during pretest and posttest was measured using the Gift Delay Test, while adjustment was measured using Children Adjustment and Parent Efficacy Scales (CAPES). The result showed that the experimental group significantly increased hot EF and adjustment compared to the control group. It suggests that this online hot EF-based intervention could promote hot EF and adjustment in early childhood children and be utilized by parents or educators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID 19 pandemic has affected all aspects of life including Nonformal Education field. This outbreak gives impacts on the change of services and learning patterns in nonformal education unit, almost in all parts of the world. Indonesia and Japan are no exceptions. The differences in condition and culture in these countries are unique and interesting to study and compare with in relation to the pattern of change occurred during the COVID 19. The aim of this study is to find out learning condition in nonformal education unit in Indonesia and Japan during COVID 19 pandemic period. The study used mixed method of Sequential Explanatory Design, by collecting them through document and questionnaire in Community Learning Center (PKBM) and Japanese Community Learning Center (Kominkan) in Japan. The data were collected for three months, involving each researcher in each country. The results showed that condition of nonformal education service in Indonesia and Japan changed from the offline model to the online one, long distance learning through zoom, social media, and other applications supporting education services for society. Innovation in nonformal education services in Indonesia is in the form of online services through LMS, Video Conference, Social Media and other media, whereas, in Japan, the innovation service has created two types of Kominkan, "formal", learning through Zoom, bulletin and social media, and "informal", learning by referring to discussion activities and communication building. Some challenging factors experienced by these two countries with regard to the services are the management program in the future and the use of technology in the learning process. In Indonesia, the limitation of Educators and Education staffs and learners has become one obstacle, while in Japan, apart from most learners are elderly, making it difficult to handle, the internet safety becomes another issue. Factor supporting the service in Indonesia is that PKBM has a quick response to the change of learning pattern and COVID 19 pandemic, although it still needs service management betterment. Meanwhile, in Japan, the supporting factor includes social education services that can give different kinds of activities by making use of various platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the form of parenting behavior carried out by the Sedulur Sikep's family and to find out how to educate children to apply the teachings in everyday life. This research uses a qualitative method approach with the type of case study research. The subjects in this study were two families of Sedulur Sikep's. The study used data collection techniques of observation, interviews and documentation. This study uses data analysis techniques Miles and Huberman model. In this study, there are forms of parenting behavior in the Sedulur Sikep's family and how to educate children to apply the teachings in everyday life. Every family educates children to apply the teachings they believe in by providing advice, examples and habituation. It can be concluded that the various teachings that are believed by the family of Sedulur Sikep's are taught to children in various ways, namely through giving direct instructions in the form of advice, examples, and habituation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process of social learning in the Dayak community is some of the strategies in empowering indigenous Dayak community. This research covers the process of social learning in the environmental characterization model of the indigenous Dayak community. The Dayak ethnic social learning construction serves to increase the empowerment of the ecological environment in empowering the Dayak community. This study describes how to develop social learning activities for the community with an environmental perspective on the Dayak tribe in the Manuhing Raya Farmers Group, Central Kalimantan. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Sources of data collection in this study came from members of the Borneo Institute assisted farmers, trainers for Village Community Empowerment and Customary Heads. The results of the study show that social learning activities that become cultural manifestations in the context of ecological empowerment use local culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research focus is to analyze the transformative learning patterns based on non-formal education in marginalized communities in Bondowoso District. The method in this study uses a qualitative approach to the type of phenomenology. The technique used to determine informants is the Snowball Sampling Technique. Research informants are marginalized community and local arts and cultural center's managers. Collecting data in this study through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The analysis steps are data collection, data reduction and data presentation and conclusion drawing. While checking the validity of the data by using extension of participation, persistence of observation, triangulation of sources and techniques. This study resulted in the following conclusions: 1) the pattern of fostering transformative learning in marginalized communities carried out by the local arts and cultural center in Bondowoso District by empowering with a transformative learning approach through training programs such as traditional dance, musical training, and skills in making accessories, welding, automotive repair, carpentry, and furniture. 2) The results of the transformative learning pattern based on non-formal education through training and motivation related to the importance of education provided by the local arts and cultural center so that it can provide changes to marginalized community's children (beggars, buskers and scavengers) especially can break the chain related to jobs that finally did not follow in the footsteps of his parents' occupation as beggars, buskers and scavengers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The principle of the community empowerment program includes three things, namely from, for and by the community. Coastal communities have noble values that are held and inherited in the form of traditional learning. Community empowerment activities require a kind of redesign with an indigenous learning approach to better ensure community participation with accompanying local wisdom. The research activity was carried out with the aim of describing the community's indigenous learning patterns which included participation in planning, implementing and evaluating empowerment program activities as an effort to adapt to climate change in the Coastal Region of Jember. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods to examine objects that describe how the indigenous learning of coastal communities in dealing with climate change in the Coastal area. The results showed that the indigenous learning of coastal communities was carried out through learning stages based on the experiences of coastal communities which were then reflected so that it became a conception of climate change adaptation activities carried out in a participatory manner on vegetation and waste management in the Payangan Coastal Area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID 19 Pandemic that has hit the world has made online learning become the main option of learning for more than a year. Management of education services and educators develop various innovations in online learning that are able to encourage learners to achieve competencies the same as when offline learning as well as enable learners to participate in the online learning processes. This study aims to find out the extent of peer learning strategy can give an opportunity for learners' self-actualization and can assist them to reconstruct their knowledge so that they can understand more thoroughly and meaningfully. In this research, mix method approached was chosen so that a comprehensive description of data could be attained by collecting them through questionnaire, test, and observation from 80 respondents during the online training processes. Peer teaching is able to make participants feel that they can give influence on their environment, to feel that they can develop themselves more optimally, train creativity, apt to build a condition of learning from one another, build a more dynamic communication, and be appreciated by others. Peer learning is able to construct understanding from the materials leant during the training so that participants have better understanding and are able to apply it to themselves and to share with others as well. Apart from that, Peer learning is able to make participants to actualize themselves even though in the online context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to describe the teacher's perspective on history learning based on higher order thinking skills in secondary schools. This research is a qualitative research using case study method. The subjects in this study were 16 history teachers spread across several districts and cities in Papua Province. Data was collected through observation, questionnaires, and interviews. The research data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman Interactive Model which consisted of four stages, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that history teachers in Papua Province had a good perspective on the application of history learning based on higher order thinking skills in secondary schools. This perspective includes knowledge related to higher order thinking skills, readiness in preparing history learning tools based on higher order thinking skills, readiness in applying history learning based on higher order thinking skills, and readiness in evaluating the results of history learning based on higher order thinking skills in secondary schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to provide a study by describing the implementation of CEFE training in perfecting an entrepreneurship training program. The research method applied is a qualitative approach with Emic's view, then data collection involves MSME actors, assistants, and coordinators as well as data collection tools by observation, documentation, interviews. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the implementation of the CEFE training management was very helpful in the management of training management and specifically to deal with problems in the business world. In this training, then this management applies a real simulation in the entrepreneurial world which makes this model very suitable to be applied to entrepreneurship training programs. The impact of this research is to develop entrepreneurship and apply the CEFE model so that it can be applied in the implementation of training programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mild autistic children had low interpersonal intelligence abilities. The interpersonal intelligence of mild autistic children in social interaction activities revealed that children can still show patterns of prosocial behaviors, such as greeting friends when directed, willingness to be invited to socialize with others, and showing participation in groups. Therefore, the opportunity to develop the potential of interpersonal intelligence is still relatively large. It can explore the possibilities with a measuring instrument. For this reason, an assessment instrument is needed that is easy to use by educators and parents. This research was conducted using the ADDIE research and development model. The purpose of this study was to determine the results of the development of an assessment instrument that can use to measure the interpersonal intelligence of children aged 5-6 years with mild autistic disorder. The researcher conducted at the Cahaya Nurani Resource Center with the research subjects of three children with mild autism. The research results on developing interpersonal intelligence assessment instruments for children aged 5-6 years with mild autistic disorder have a characteristic checklist form of assessment with one aspect and fifteen indicators. The expert validation and reliability test results, it can concluded that the assessment instrument that the researcher developed is valid and reliable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to analyze and examine the direct effect of competence, partnership, teamwork, and innovation on leadership; to analyze and examine the direct effect of competence, partnership, teamwork, innovation, and leadership on community education; and to analyze and examine the indirect effect of competence, partnership, teamwork, and innovation on community education with leadership as mediation. The research type is cross sectional survey with quantitative approach. The research samples were 160 participants of Package C Study Group, Bondowoso Regency. Data collection methods were online questionnaire, observation, and documentation as primary data. Data analysis method applied path analysis to determine the direct effect and indirect effect. The research results showed that competence, partnership, teamwork, and innovation had a significant positive effect on leadership. Furthermore, competence, partnership, teamwork, innovation, and leadership had a significant positive effect on community education. Meanwhile, leadership was able to mediate the effect of competence, partnership, teamwork, and innovation on community education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of job satisfaction and work motivation simultaneously and partially on the performance of junior high school (SMP) teachers in Jember Regency. This research is a type of causality explanatory research, namely research that intends to explain the effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable. The data analysis technique used is statistical test with multiple linear regression test technique using SPSS version 25 statistical application. The results of the data normality test for job satisfaction (X1), work motivation (X2), and performance (Y) variables are normal. Thus, data analysis with multiple linear regression test techniques can be continued. Based on the results of the regression analysis, it was found that 1) hypothesis testing had a significant effect on job satisfaction and work motivation on performance simultaneously, obtained sig 0.001, meaning that this number was below 0.05, thus the null hypothesis was rejected; 2) test the hypothesis that there is a significant effect of job satisfaction on performance partially obtained sig 0.001, meaning that this number is below 0.05, thus the null hypothesis is rejected; 3) test the hypothesis that there is a significant effect of work motivation on performance partially obtained 0.001, meaning this number is below 0.05, meaning the null hypothesis is rejected. Based on this description, it can be concluded that job satisfaction and work motivation have a significant effect simultaneously and partially on the performance of junior high school teachers in Jember Regency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marketing becomes one of the important components in the running of a business. Marketing is very closely related to the activities of daily life because the object is the customer One of the marketing methods that is currently being favored by business people is digital marketing because there are many platforms that support the marketing process in an easy way, wide reach and some of them do not require a fee. Digital marketing implementation in CV. Nurani Medika Lestari is indispensable for product marketing. Therefore, the author creates a company website and improves the previous Instagram content with the aim of attracting customer interest. By using Instagram and websites combined with Search Engine Optimization (SEO), it can optimized websites and can be indexed by Google (get top rankings in search results). It is also expected to increase website an Instagram user attention on services or products offered by the company. Informative Instagram post content will also provide more interest, so it will get more attention and positive value public users. This is evidenced by an increase in profile visits by 2.550%, visits to the website by 2 and also an increase in total followers by 15.3%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Covid-19 is a disease is caused by a virus that infects the respiratory system. One of the symptoms in patients exposed to Covid-19 is shortness of breath which is influenced by oxygen levels in the blood. The purpose of this study was to produce an application for determining the category of oxygen levels in the blood independently for Covid-19 patients during self-isolation. This application is a pulse oximeter supporting application that provides information about oxygen levels in the patient's blood. The method begins with the flowchart design stage and application interface which functions to design applications in terms of program flow and application interfaces to be built. Based on this design, the application is built using macromedia flash. The last method is application testing using the white-box technique and black-box technique. The results show that the steps in the method can produce desktop-based applications by utilizing macromedia flash. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the application for determining the category of blood oxygen levels is ready to be used by the community as a pulse oximeter support application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia, well known as a maritime country, has a very wide water territorial. Exploration carried out nowadays on average is limited to the sea surface while underwater exploration is still very rarely conducted. With technological advances in the marine and shipping fields, it is hoped that it can support the optimization of underwater surveys and exploration. The underwater surveys and explorations already conducted still used conventional methods, namely divers plunging directly into the water, then conduct surveys and explorations without the help of any tools. The obstacle that divers encountered with was the difficulty of the dive field resulting in an in optimal exploration. Not only did the underwater surveys require high technology, but also did the detection of drowning victims in reservoirs or lakes also requires diving equipment to find drowning victims. Given a certain depth, water pressure can endanger divers. The use of robotics in the shipping discipline is expected to assist in the detection of drowning victims. Robots commonly used to assist these explorations are underwater robots. ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle) based water robots in developed countries have been used in underwater exploration. The ROV is considered more optimal in underwater exploration compared to the conventional methods. This paper is to apply the ROV motion estimation on the XY plane or on the water surface to help the SAR team find drowning victims. The estimation method used was the Unscented Kalman Filter method. The simulation results show that the UKF method could effectively estimate the position of the ROV on the water surface or the XY plane with an accuracy of about 98%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process of data processing of needs assessment with computer assistance is an effective step if it is supported by an optimal database program. All data and information collected are stored systematically in computers to be processed or manipulated using a software (application programs) so they can produce information. The process of processing the data resulting from needs assessment requires software called a database management system. This device is a system that allows database users to maintain, control and access data practically and efficiently. Utilization of needs assessment software implements 4 stages of activity, namely 1) preparing to carry out a needs assessment, 2) designing a needs assessment, 3) setting priorities for needs and 4) reporting the results of the needs assessment. The data were needs assessment that obtained from the results of interviews, observations, FGDs and surveys conducted digitally. After surveying each family head and determining each option, the program will automatically calculate the percentage of survey activities so as to produce criteria for the priority level of program needs. This study applies a qualitative approach, with data collection methods in the form of observation, interviews, FGD and documentation studies with 2 cadre informants and 2 experts, the research location is in Dayeuhkolot District, Bandung Regency. By implementing DNA application Ver.1.3, the community's needs can be mapped accurately, and can easily obtain data on regional potential data announced by the Family Planning Village. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigated the relationship between science content knowledge and mathematics content knowledge in relation to the preservice primary school teachers' conceptions of STEM education in Indonesia. The survey method was used to collect data about science content knowledge, mathematics content knowledge, and STEM conceptualizations. A total of 139 preservice primary school teachers participated in this study. The results indicate that science and mathematics content knowledge can influence preservice primary school teachers' conceptions of STEM education. There is no significant relationship between gender and STEM education conceptualization was detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early age is a suitable age for children's early education, the age range of early childhood is 5 to 6 years, and this age is known as the golden age. At this age, an educational model is needed that can help both physical and spiritual growth. At this age, the child is in the active-hyperactive phase, which makes the child unable to stay still. This is problematic for the parent makes it difficult to teach them properly. The use of gadgets in the parenting process has, and this is commonplace, this is because by giving children a gadget, the child's focus will be shifted to the gadget, but the use of gadgets can also help in the educational process while still putting forward the game, so that it helps in the process of developing motor skills, especially fine motor skills. In this study, an educational game model will be created that focuses on the development of the fine motor system, namely the ability to coordinate small muscles and eye-hand coordination; this motoric development trains children to remember about block shapes and trains children to learn colors (cognitively) by utilizing game media, the educational game that will be made is the Tetris game. There are several stages of testing in this study, and the first stage is testing in the development stage, after that testing on 35 respondents with a distribution of 25 children by aged 3-6 years, ten children by aged 7 with the results of 85% user agree that the game helps them focus and enjoy to play. The last stage is testing by the teacher. At this stage, there is a point of view from an early childhood expert who stated that the easy level of introduction was made for children to recognize block shapes from the Tetris game. At the medium level is an advanced level, namely the shape of the block is the same, the easy level, but there are additional blocks that are L-shaped, the last level is the difficult level plus the block shape with Z and triangles, and children are taught to recognize the primary colors in contrast such as yellow, blue, etc) so that in conclusion the game can be said is run properly [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]