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Background: Proper diagnosis and treatment planning are the first steps in the management of pseudo-Class III malocclusion. Case Presentation: An 11 years old male patient with pseudo-class III malocclusion. Conclusion: A class I molar with average overjet and overbite was achieved with a sectional fixed orthodontic appliance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine caries prevalence and its association with body mass index in school children between 9-12 years of age in Hail, Saudi Arabia. Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 524 school children 9-12 years of age. These children were selected from 9 Public schools in Hail Province. Dental caries was recorded as per criteria established by the World Health Organization using assessment form for children 2013. Children were weighed using an electronic scale nearest to 0.1 kg with children attired in light clothing and wearing no shoes. The height was measured using a stadiometer to the nearest full centimeter with the children in a standing position. Body Mass Index (BMI) was determined using the formula BMI = kg/m². Results: Caries prevalence in the population was 86%. The comparisons of mean DMFT between the groups demonstrate higher scores in the overweight group (mean=2.43) compared to normal weight (mean=1.85) and underweight children (mean=1.56) which is statistically significant (p=0.000). Bonferroni Post hoc test to compare the underweight and overweight group (p=0.000) and overweight and normal weight (p=0.000) were highly significant. Conclusion: A positive correlation of caries severity, namely DMFT, with BMI is established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the variation between the non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCLP) and non-cleft (NC) subjects in relation to the lip morphology (LM) and nasolabial angle (NLA). Materials and Methods: Lateral cephalogram (Late. Ceph.) of 123 individuals (92 NSCLP [29 = bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), 41 = unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), 9 = unilateral cleft lip and alveolus (UCLA), 13 = unilateral cleft lip (UCL)], and 31 NC) who did not undergo any orthodontic treatment were investigated. By WebCeph, an artificial intelligence- (A.I.) driven software, 2 (two) parameters of LM, namely upper lip to E line (LM-1) and lower lip to E line (LM-2), and NLA analysis was carried out for each individual. Multiple tests were carried out for statistical analysis. Results: The mean ± SD observed for LM-1, LM-2, and NLA for NC individuals were 1.56 ± 2.98, 0.49 ± 3.51, and 97.20 ± 16.10, respectively. On the other hand, the mean ± SD of LM-1, LM-2, and NLA for NSCLP individuals were 4.55 ± 4.23, 1.68 ± 2.82, and 82.02 ± 14.66, respectively. No significant variation was observed with respect to gender and side. NSCLP (different types) and NC individuals showed significant disparities in LM-1 and NLA. Conclusion: It can be concluded that parameters of lip morphology such as LM-1, LM-2, and NLA vary among NSCLP and NC individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study investigates the prevalence of Spheno-Occipital Synchondrosis (SOS) and sella turcica morphometry (STM) association with different phenotype factors related to ectopic eye tooth/teeth (EET) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging. Methods: This comparative retrospective study analyzed 252 CBCT images. Subjects in the EET group consisted of 197 CBCT images with the phenotype factor in number, i.e., unilateral (13, n = 62; 23, n = 59) or bilateral (1323, n = 76) and matched control (n = 55). SOS and STM were investigated using 3D OnDemand Software. Seven parameters of STM were measured. To test the association X2 used for SOS prevalence, disparities in STM were tested using ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test. Results: The prevalence of unfused SOS was 48.4% and 16.1% in the 1323 and control groups, respectively. Fused SOS prevalence was quite similar in all four groups. Phenotype factor in number, i.e., unilateral 13, 23, or bilateral EET group showed significant disparities in six out of seven parameters (p = 0.044 to p ≥ 0.001). Additionally, phenotype factor in position, i.e., occlusal, buccal, or palatal group showed insignificant disparities (p = 0.463 to p = 1.00). Conclusion: SOS in the ectopic eye tooth group (EETG) was prevalent in the 1323 and buccal position groups. Differing from previous two-dimensional (2D) studies, there were statistically significant disparities in all seven measured variables of STM among control, and three different phenotype factors in numbers were revealed using three-dimensional (3D) CBCT imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assessing occurrence of minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) in children and its association with oral hygiene. Materials and Method: The present study was conducted on 428 school children of age ranged 6- 13 years of both genders. Complete oral examination for assessment of decayed teeth, missing and filled teeth and DMFT index was done. The data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp with Chi square test. Results: In 291 (67.9%) cases, type of RAS was minor, in 85 (19.8%) major and in 52 (12.1%) herpeti form. Most common factors causing RAS in children was food stuffs in 210 (49%) followed by nutritional deficiency in 166(38.7%), stress in 38 (8.8%) and other factors in 14 (3.2%) patients. 312 (72.8%) patients had dmft score >1, 97 (46.1%) patients had intolerance to milk products, 58 (27.6%) had intolerance to egg, 20 (9.52%) to fish and 35 (16.6%) had to gluten. 102 (23.8%) patients had history of coelic disease in family. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis minor was most commonly occurring among children. Maximum number of patients had dmft score >1 and intolerance to food stuff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Abutment surfaces are being designed to promote gingival soft tissue attachment and integration. This confirms implant survival for long term by forming a seal around the prosthetics., Objectives: This study was done to compare the biocompatibility of three implant abutments: titanium uncoated, Ti-nitride coated, and modified polyetheretherketone (PEEK) with human gingival keratinocytes., Materials and Methods: The titanium-uncoated, titanium-nitride-coated, and modified PEEK discs (13 mm × 3 mm) were fabricated and compared with uncoated polyester cell culture discs, which were used as controls. These three implant abutments were evaluated for biocompatibility with respect to human gingival keratinocytes for viability, morphology, proliferation, and migration by scanning electron microscopy imaging and scratch wound healing assays. Measurements of roughness show changes between the investigated surfaces., Results: Keratinocytes cultured on all examined surfaces indicated adhesion and attachment. An assay of cell viability showed no substantial variances among the groups. The modified PEEK surface showed greater cell proliferation and migration among the three abutment materials., Conclusion: All three abutment material surface types showed similar epithelial biological responses. However, modified PEEK material showed the highest biocompatibility., Competing Interests: None

Objective: To compare airway widths among skeletal Class I malocclusion patients with different vertical facial patterns., Material and Methods: A total of 103 lateral cephalograms of skeletal Class I patients (mean age of 20 ± 2.3 years) with no history of orthodontic treatment, trauma, facial syndromes, or nasopharyngeal dysfunction were included. Based on the Frankfort-mandibular plane angle measurements, the sample was divided into three groups: low-angle, high-angle, and normal-angle groups. Upper and lower pharyngeal airway widths were measured as described by McNamara. The analysis of variance test was performed to compare the means of groups. Pairwise comparisons were performed using Tukey's post-hoc test. Differences were considered statistically significant at P < 0.05., Results: ANOVA showed a significant mean difference between the groups for both the upper and lower airway widths with P values of 0.011 and 0.003, respectively. Tukey Pairwise comparisons showed the upper airway width to be significantly narrower in the high-angle group compared to the normal-angle ( P = 0.021) and low-angle groups ( P = 0.013). Furthermore, the lower airway width in the high angle group was significantly narrower than the normal angle ( P = 0.020) and low-angle groups ( P = 0.017). There were no statistically significant differences between normal and low angle groups., Conclusions: The upper and lower pharyngeal widths in the Class I high-angle group were significantly narrower than those in the normal-angle and low-angle groups., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2020 Journal of Orthodontic Science.)