42 results on '"Alfonso, Pastor"'
Search Results
2. Modeling transmission of avian influenza viruses at the human-animal-environment interface in Cuba.
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de las Nieves Montano Valle, Damarys, Berezowski, John, Delgado-Hernndez, Beatriz, Quintana Hernández, Adrian, Irian Percedo-Abreu, María, Alfonso, Pastor, and Pedro Carmo, Luis
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AVIAN influenza A virus ,H7N9 Influenza ,ANIMAL population density ,POPULATION density ,AVIAN influenza ,ECONOMIC impact of disease ,BIOSURVEILLANCE - Abstract
Introduction: The increasing geographical spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) is of global concern due to the underlying zoonotic and pandemic potential of the virus and its economic impact. An integrated One Health model was developed to estimate the likelihood of Avian Influenza (AI) introduction and transmission in Cuba, which will help inform and strengthen risk-based surveillance activities. Materials and methods: The spatial resolution used for the model was the smallest administrative district (“Consejo Popular”). The model was parameterised for transmission from wild birds to poultry and pigs (commercial and backyard) and then to humans. The model includes parameters such as risk factors for the introduction and transmission of AI into Cuba, animal and human population densities; contact intensity and a transmission parameter (β). Results: Areas with a higher risk of AI transmission were identified for each species and type of production system. Some variability was observed in the distribution of areas estimated to have a higher probability of AI introduction and transmission. In particular, the south-western and eastern regions of Cuba were highlighted as areas with the highest risk of transmission. Discussion: These results are potentially useful for refining existing criteria for the selection of farms for active surveillance, which could improve the ability to detect positive cases. The model results could contribute to the design of an integrated One Health risk-based surveillance system for AI in Cuba. In addition, the model identified geographical regions of particular importance where resources could be targeted to strengthen biosecurity and early warning surveillance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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3. Migratory connectivity of Blue-winged Teal: risk implications for avian influenza virus introduction to Cuba.
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Rodríguez-Ochoa, Alejandro, Kusack, Jackson W., Mugica, Lourdes, Acosta Cruz, Martín, Alfonso, Pastor, Delgado-Hernálndez, Beatriz, Abreu, Yandy, García, Efren, and Hobson, Keith A.
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AVIAN influenza A virus ,MATING grounds ,HYDROGEN isotopes ,MOLTING ,WATCHFUL waiting ,AVIAN influenza ,STABLE isotopes - Abstract
In recent years, the complex evolution of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) situation reflects a change in the eco-epidemiology of the causative agent which, among other demands, renews the need for better understanding of the connectivity between countries through the main virus reservoirs to improve prevention, early warning and mitigate the associated risks. Our objective was to determine migratory connectivity of Blue-winged Teal and evaluate the risk of AIV introduction to Cuba by this species. The stable hydrogen isotope (d2H) value in flight feathers was analyzed. Individuals were sampled during the migratory season of 2021 (N=126) and winter residence of 2020 (N=152), in western and central Cuba, respectively. Based on banding records from 1955 to 2018, the transition probabilities from 3 breeding areas in North America to 9 wintering areas was estimated with a Burnham's live-recapture dead-recovery modeling framework. A map of likely origin in North America of the individuals sampled for each season was generated, combining the isotopic information and transition probabilities. Evidence of an age-related and phenological pattern in migratory origins was identified. Individuals harvested in the migratory season in western Cuba were most likely from molt or natal areas in the prairies and forest regions from United States and southern Canada. Alternatively, individuals harvested in winter in the center of Cuba had the most likely origin in the U.S. prairie region. The spatial-temporal pattern of AIV prevalence in the estimated region was analyzed and suggestions are made to assist the Cuban system of active AIV surveillance of wild birds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. Molecular evidence of the reservoir competence of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) for Anaplasma marginale in Cuba
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Obregón, Dasiel, Corona, Belkis G., de la Fuente, José, Cabezas-Cruz, Alejandro, Gonçalves, Luiz Ricardo, Matos, Carlos Antonio, Armas, Yasmani, Hinojosa, Yoandri, Alfonso, Pastor, Oliveira, Márcia C.S., and Machado, Rosangela Z.
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- 2018
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5. High co-infection rates of Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, and Anaplasma marginale in water buffalo in Western Cuba
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Obregón, Dasiel, Cabezas-Cruz, Alejandro, Armas, Yasmani, Silva, Jenevaldo B., Fonseca, Adivaldo H., André, Marcos R., Alfonso, Pastor, Oliveira, Márcia C.S., Machado, Rosangela Z., and Corona-González, Belkis
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- 2019
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6. Avian influenza A (H5N1) outbreaks in different poultry farm types in Egypt: the effect of vaccination, closing status and farm size
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Artois, Jean, Ippoliti, Carla, Conte, Annamaria, Dhingra, Madhur S., Alfonso, Pastor, Tahawy, Abdelgawad El, Elbestawy, Ahmed, Ellakany, Hany F., and Gilbert, Marius
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- 2018
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7. Intense Innate Immune Responses and Severe Metabolic Disorders in Chicken Embryonic Visceral Tissues Caused by Infection with Highly Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus Compared to the Avirulent Virus: A Bioinformatics Analysis
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Cheng, Shanyu, primary, Liu, Xinxin, additional, Mu, Jiaqi, additional, Yan, Weiwen, additional, Wang, Mengjun, additional, Chai, Haoran, additional, Sha, Yuxin, additional, Jiang, Shanshan, additional, Wang, Sijie, additional, Ren, Yongning, additional, Gao, Chao, additional, Ding, Zhuang, additional, Stoeger, Tobias, additional, Tseren-Ochir, Erdene-Ochir, additional, Dodovski, Aleksandar, additional, Alfonso, Pastor, additional, Mingala, Claro N., additional, and Yin, Renfu, additional
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- 2022
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8. MUC1 intracellular bioactivation mediates lung fibrosis
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Esteban J. Morcillo, Alfonso Pastor-Clerigues, Paula Montero, Julio Cortijo, Manuel Alós, Juan Escrivá, Enrique Artigues, Beatriz Ballester, and Javier Milara
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Male ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Cell ,Risk Assessment ,Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ,Bleomycin ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Gene silencing ,Molecular Targeted Therapy ,RNA, Messenger ,Smad3 Protein ,Fibroblast ,neoplasms ,Cells, Cultured ,MUC1 ,030304 developmental biology ,Mice, Knockout ,0303 health sciences ,business.industry ,Biopsy, Needle ,Mucin-1 ,Fibroblasts ,medicine.disease ,Immunohistochemistry ,Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ,digestive system diseases ,Disease Models, Animal ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Gene Expression Regulation ,030228 respiratory system ,Cancer research ,Female ,business ,Myofibroblast ,Intracellular ,Signal Transduction ,Transforming growth factor - Abstract
BackgroundSerum KL6/mucin 1 (MUC1) has been identified as a potential biomarker in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but the role of MUC1 intracellular bioactivation in IPF is unknown.ObjectiveTo characterise MUC1 intracellular bioactivation in IPF.Methods and resultsThe expression and phosphorylation of Thr41 and Tyr46 on the intracellular MUC1-cytoplasmic tail (CT) was increased in patients with IPF (n=22) compared with healthy subjects (n=21) and localised to fibroblasts and hyperplastic alveolar type II cells. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 phosphorylated SMAD3 and thereby increased the phosphorylation of MUC1-CT Thr41 and Tyr46 in lung fibroblasts and alveolar type II cells, activating β-catenin to form a phospho-Smad3/MUC1-CT and MUC1-CT/β-catenin nuclear complex. This nuclear complex promoted alveolar epithelial type II and fibroblast to myofibroblast transitions, as well as cell senescence and fibroblast proliferation. The inhibition of MUC1-CT nuclear translocation using the inhibitor, GO-201 or silencing MUC1 by siRNA, reduced myofibroblast transition, senescence and proliferation in vitro. Bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis was reduced in mice treated with GO-201 and in MUC1-knockout mice. The profibrotic lectin, galectin-3, directly activated MUC1-CT and served as a bridge between the TGF-β receptor and the MUC1-C domain, indicating TGF-β1-dependent and TGF-β1-independent intracellular bioactivation of MUC1.ConclusionsMUC1 intracellular bioactivation is enhanced in IPF and promotes fibrotic processes that could represent potential druggable targets for IPF.
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- 2019
9. Cost-effectiveness analysis of the first-line EGFR-TKIs in patients with advanced EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer
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Vicente Gimeno-Ballester, Cristina Trigo-Vicente, J Milara, Julio Cortijo, J Aguilar-Serra, and Alfonso Pastor-Clerigues
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Oncology ,congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,Cost effectiveness ,Afatinib ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Erlotinib Hydrochloride ,Gefitinib ,Internal medicine ,Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ,medicine ,Humans ,heterocyclic compounds ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Osimertinib ,Lung cancer ,neoplasms ,Protein Kinase Inhibitors ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Bayes Theorem ,General Medicine ,Cost-effectiveness analysis ,medicine.disease ,Dacomitinib ,respiratory tract diseases ,ErbB Receptors ,chemistry ,Mutation ,Erlotinib ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of first-line treatments, such as erlotinib, gefitinib, afatinib, dacomitinib, and osimertinib, for patients diagnosed with stage IIIB/IV NSCLC harboring EGFR mutations.A partitioned survival model was developed to estimate quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) from the perspective of the Spanish National Health System. Two Bayesian NMAs were performed independently, by using the polynomial fraction method to fit Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival and progression-free survival. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the uncertainty.The ICER was calculated for the four first-line treatments by comparing them with gefitinib, and the ratios obtained were as follows: €166,416/QALY for osimertinib, €183,682/QALY for dacomitinib, €167,554/QALY for afatinib, €36,196/QALY for erlotinib. It was seen that patients who received osimertinib presented higher QALYs (0.49), followed by dacomitinib (0.33), afatinib (0.32), erlotinib (0.31), and gefitinib (0.28).Gefitinib is the most cost-effective treatment. In terms of QALYs gained, Osimertinib was more effective than all other TKIs. Nevertheless, with a Spanish threshold of €24,000/QALY, the reduction in the acquisition cost of osimertinib will have to be greater than 70%, to obtain a cost-effectiveness alternative.
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- 2021
10. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Risk Perception Toward Avian Influenza Virus Exposure Among Cuban Hunters
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Delgado-Hernández, Beatriz, primary, Mugica, Lourdes, additional, Acosta, Martin, additional, Pérez, Frank, additional, Montano, Damarys de las Nieves, additional, Abreu, Yandy, additional, Ayala, Joel, additional, Percedo, María Irian, additional, and Alfonso, Pastor, additional
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- 2021
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11. Osimertinib in first-line treatment of advanced EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer: a cost–effectiveness analysis
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Javier Aguilar-Serra, Ezequiel Marti-Bonmati, Cristina Trigo-Vicente, Julio Cortijo, Javier Milara, Alfonso Pastor-Clerigues, Manuel Alós-Almiñana, and Vicente Gimeno-Ballester
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Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,Cost effectiveness ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,Antineoplastic Agents ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Egfr tki ,0302 clinical medicine ,Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Osimertinib ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Lung cancer ,Protein Kinase Inhibitors ,health care economics and organizations ,Acrylamides ,Aniline Compounds ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Cost-effectiveness analysis ,medicine.disease ,Markov Chains ,Dacomitinib ,respiratory tract diseases ,ErbB Receptors ,First line treatment ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Mutation ,Quality-Adjusted Life Years ,Non small cell ,business ,Models, Econometric - Abstract
Aim: Osimertinib improves progression-free survival in first-line EGFR mutation–positive non-small-cell lung cancer. Materials & methods: A Markov cohort model including costs, utilities and disutilities, was conducted to estimate quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) and incremental cost–effectiveness ratio when treating with osimertinib versus standard first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Results: Osimertinib presented higher QALYs (0.61) compared with standard EGFR–TKIs (0.42). Osimertinib costs were €83,258.99, in comparison with €29,209.45 for the standard EGFR–TKIs. An incremental cost–effectiveness ratio of €273,895.36/QALY was obtained for osimertinib. Conclusion: Osimertinib was more effective in terms of QALYs gained than comparators (erlotinib–gefitinib). However, to obtain a cost–effectiveness alternative, a discount greater than 60% in osimertinib acquisition cost is required.
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- 2019
12. Anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic profile of fish oil emulsions used in parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease.
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Alfonso Pastor-Clerigues, Ezequiel Marti-Bonmati, Javier Milara, Patricia Almudever, and Julio Cortijo
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Home parenteral nutrition (PN) is associated with many complications including severe hepatobiliary dysfunction. Commercial ω-6 fatty acid-soybean based-lipid emulsions in PN may mediate long term PN associate liver disease (PNALD) whereas ω-3-fish oil parenteral emulsions have shown to reverse PNALD in children. However, its clinical effectiveness in adults has been scarcely reported. In this work, we study the role of soybean and fish oil lipid commercial emulsions on inflammatory and profibrotic liver markers in adults with long term PNALD and in in vitro cellular models. Inflammatory and profibrotic markers were measured in serum of ten adults with long term PNALD and in culture supernatants of monocytes. Liver epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) was induced by transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) to evaluate in vitro liver fibrosis. Omegaven®, a 100% fish oil commercial emulsion, was infused during four months in two patients with severe long term PNALD reversing, at the first month, the inflammatory, profibrotic and clinical parameters of PNALD. The effect was maintained during the treatment course but impaired when conventional lipid emulsions were reintroduced. The other patients under chronic soybean oil-based PN showed elevated inflammatory and profibrotic parameters. In vitro human monocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide induced a strong inflammatory response that was suppressed by Omegaven®, but increased by soybean emulsions. In other experiments, TGFβ1 induced EMT that was suppressed by Omegaven® and enhanced by soybean oil lipid emulsions. Omegaven® improves clinical, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic parameters in adults with long-term home PNALD.
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- 2014
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13. Biochemical and structural characterization of RHDV capsid protein variants produced in Pichia pastoris: Advantages for immunization strategies and vaccine implementation
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Farnós, Omar, Fernández, Erlinda, Chiong, Maylin, Parra, Francisco, Joglar, Marisdania, Méndez, Lídice, Rodríguez, Elsa, Moya, Galina, Rodríguez, Dalia, Lleonart, Ricardo, González, Ernesto M., Alonso, Alena, Alfonso, Pastor, Suárez, Marisela, Rodríguez, María P., and Toledo, Jorge R.
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- 2009
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14. Dacomitinib in first-line treatment of advanced EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer: a cost-effectiveness analysis
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Javier Aguilar-Serra, Vicente Gimeno-Ballester, Alfonso Pastor-Clerigues, Javier Milara, Ezequiel Marti-Bonmati, Cristina Trigo-Vicente, and Julio Cortijo
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Lung Neoplasms ,Health Policy ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,respiratory tract diseases ,ErbB Receptors ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Spain ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Quality-Adjusted Life Years ,neoplasms ,health care economics and organizations ,Quinazolinones - Abstract
Aim: To assess the cost–effectiveness of first-line treatment with dacomitinib compared with gefitinib in patients newly diagnosed with advanced NSCLC EGFR -positive in the context of Spain. Materials & methods: A partitioned survival model was developed including costs, utilities and disutilities to estimate quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) and incremental cost–effectiveness ratio when treating with dacomitinib versus gefitinib. Results: Dacomitinib presented higher QALYs (0.51) compared with gefitinib (0.45). Dacomitinib costs were €33,061 in comparison with €26,692 for gefitinib arm. An incremental cost–effectiveness ratio of €111,048 was obtained for dacomitinib. Conclusion: Dacomitinib was more effective in terms of QALYs gained than gefitinib. However, to obtain a cost–effectiveness alternative, a discount greater than 25% in dacomitinib acquisition cost is required.
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- 2021
15. Genetic Features of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli from Poultry in Mayabeque Province, Cuba
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Baez, Michel, Espinosa, Ivette, Collaud, Alexandra, Miranda, Iliana, Montano, Damarys de las Nieves, Feria, Angel L, Hernández-Fillor, Rosa Elena, Obregón, Dasiel, Alfonso, Pastor, and Perreten, Vincent
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animal structures ,antibiotic resistance ,630 Agriculture ,animal diseases ,chicken ,lcsh:RM1-950 ,Escherichia coli ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,500 Science ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,Article ,third-generation cephalosporins ,lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,ESBL ,genotyping ,embryonic structures ,570 Life sciences ,biology - Abstract
A total of 434 poultry cloacal samples were collected from seven different farms in different years (2013&ndash, 2015) in the Cuban province of Mayabeque and analyzed for the presence of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli (3GC-R-Ec). Sixty-two 3GC-R-Ec isolates were recovered in total from the farms, with detection rates of 2.9% in 2013, 10.3% in 2014, and 28.7% in 2015. Characterization of 32 3GC-R-Ec isolates revealed the presence of the extended-spectrum &beta, lactamase (ESBL) genes blaCTX-M-1 (n = 27), blaCTX-M-15 (n = 4), and blaCTX-M-1 together with blaLAP-2 (n = 1). The isolates also contained different proportions of genes conferring decreased susceptibility to sulfonamides (sul1, sul2, sul3), trimethoprim (dfrA1, dfrA7, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA17), tetracyclines (tet(A), tet(B)), aminoglycosides (aac(6&prime, )-Ib-cr, strA, strB), chloramphenicol (cmlA1, floR), macrolides (mph(A), mph(D)), and quinolones (qnrS, qnrB, aac(6&prime, )-Ib-cr) as well as mutations in the fluoroquinolone-resistance determining regions of GyrA (S83L, D87N, D87Y) and ParC (S80I, E84G). The isolates belonged to 23 different sequence types and to phylogroups A (n = 25), B1 (n = 5), and D (n = 2), and they contained plasmid-associated incompatibility groups FII, X1, HI1, HI2, N, FIA, and FIB. These findings reveal a genetically diverse population of multiresistant ESBL-producing E. coli in poultry farms in Cuba, which suggests multiple sources of contamination and the acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes.
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- 2021
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16. Highly protective E2–CSFV vaccine candidate produced in the mammary gland of adenoviral transduced goats
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Toledo, Jorge R., Sánchez, Oliberto, Montesino, Raquel, Farnos, Omar, Rodríguez, Maria P., Alfonso, Pastor, Oramas, Nayrobis, Rodríguez, Elsa, Santana, Elaine, Vega, Ernesto, Ganges, Llilianne, Frias, Maria T., Cremata, José, and Barrera, Maritza
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- 2008
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17. Influenza aviar. Oportunidades de mejora del sistema de vigilancia activa basado en riesgo en Cuba
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de las Nieves Montano, Damarys, Irian Percedo, María, Vioel Rodríguez, Silvio, Fonseca Rodriguez, Osvaldo, Centelles, Yosdany, Ley, Oshin, Abreu, Yandy, Delgado, Beatriz, Capdevila, Yolanda, Regis Santoro, Kleber, Quesada, Teresita, Peláez, Manuel, and Alfonso, Pastor
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análisis multicriterio ,riesgo ,influenza aviar ,vigilancia ,Veterinärmedicin ,multi-criteria analysis ,surveillance ,Veterinary Science ,avian influenza ,risk - Abstract
El perfeccionamiento continuo de la vigilancia y el control de la influenza aviar (IA) son prioridades a nivel mundial debido a la permanencia de esta amenaza a escala global. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar oportunidades de mejora en el sistema de vigilancia activa de la IA establecido en Cuba. Mediante análisis geoespacial multicriterio se mapeó con resolución de 1 km2. Adicionalmente, se tuvo en cuenta la existencia de zonas de contigüidad entre granjas avícolas (< 3 km) donde pudiera verse favorecida la difusión del agente causal en caso de introducción. Como resultado, se identificaron áreas con muy alto riesgo de ocurrencia, ya sea por exposición o difusión que, en ocasiones, se favoreció por la contigüidad entre granjas avícolas comerciales. A partir de estos hallazgos se logró refinar el criterio preexistente para la selección de granjas a ser investigadas durante la vigilancia activa, lo cual pudiera mejorar la capacidad de detección de casos positivos. La precisión y el manejo del riesgo de difusión son de gran importancia porque suele ser el principal determinante de la magnitud de la epidemia. Se concluye que existen áreas estratégicas y de marcada importancia hacia donde se deben dirigir, prioritariamente, los principales recursos para fortalecer la bioseguridad y la vigilancia encaminada a la alerta rápida.
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- 2020
18. Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases in Cuba, Half a Century of Scientific Research
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Obregón Alvarez, Dasiel, primary, Corona-González, Belkis, additional, Rodríguez-Mallón, Alina, additional, Rodríguez Gonzalez, Islay, additional, Alfonso, Pastor, additional, Noda Ramos, Angel A., additional, Díaz-Sánchez, Adrian A., additional, González Navarrete, Maylin, additional, Rodríguez Fernández, Rafmary, additional, Méndez Mellor, Luis, additional, Catanese, Helen N., additional, Peláez, Manuel, additional, Alemán Gainza, Yousmel, additional, Marrero-Perera, Roxana, additional, Roblejo-Arias, Lisset, additional, Lobo-Rivero, Evelyn, additional, Silva, Claudia B., additional, Fonseca, Adivaldo H., additional, Roque López, Eugenio, additional, and Cabezas-Cruz, Alejandro, additional
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- 2020
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19. 10 - MANIA ASSOCIATED WITH GINSENG: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
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Alfonso Pastor Romero and Elena Guillot De Mergelina
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- 2019
20. PEG-Interferon-α ribavirin-induced HCV viral clearance: a pharmacogenetic multicenter Spanish study
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Javier, Milara, Maria, Outeda-Macias, M Dolores, Aumente-Rubio, Patricio, Más-Serrano, Azucena, Aldaz, M Victoria, Calvo, M Sergia, García-Simón, Marisa, Martin-Barbero, Núria, Padullés-Zamora, Juan Antonio, Schoenenberger, Marianne, Saavedra-Aldrich, Enrique, Tévar-Alfonso, Ana, Saval, Alfonso, Pastor-Clerigues, Marta, García, Luis, Margusino-Framiñan, Jose Luis, Montero-Alvarez, Esperanza, Merino, Jose Ignacio, Herrero, Mónica, Beunza, Pablo, Conesa-Zamora, Alvaro, Gimenez-Manzorro, Dolors, Comas-Sugrañes, Manuel, Cano-Marron, Elena, Jiménez-Mutiloa, Pilar, Díaz-Ruíz, and Julio, Cortijo
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Adult ,Male ,Sustained viral response ,TNFRSF1B ,lcsh:Medicine ,lcsh:RS1-441 ,Hepacivirus ,Antiviral Agents ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Polyethylene Glycols ,Cohort Studies ,lcsh:Pharmacy and materia medica ,Ribavirin ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Pharmacogenetics ,lcsh:R ,Interferon-alpha ,virus diseases ,Middle Aged ,Viral Load ,Hepatitis C ,digestive system diseases ,Spain ,Female - Abstract
Dual PEGylated interferon-α (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin therapy has been the main hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment of the last decade. Current direct-acting antiviral agents have improved the outcome of therapy but also have increased the cost and management complexity of treatment. The current study analyzes host genetics, viral and clinical predictors of sustained viral response (SVR) to dual PEG-IFN and ribavirin therapy in a representative Spanish population.Observational prospective multicentre pharmacogenetic cohort study conducted in 12 different hospitals of 12 different Spanish regions. A total of 98 patients with SVR and 106 with non-SVR in response to PEG-IFN and ribavirin therapy were included. 33 single nucleotide polymorphisms located in 24 different genes related with inflammatory, immune and virus response were selected. Clinical and viral data were also analyzed as candidate of SVR predictors.IL-28B (rs12979860, rs7248668, rs8105790, rs8099917) and TNFRSF1B (rs1061622) genotypes, as well as TNFRSF1B/IL-10/TNFα (-308) non-TTG and TNFRSF1B/IL- 10/IL-4 non-TTC haplotypes together with lower age, lower basal HCV RNA load, higher basal serum LDL cholesterol values, VHC genotypes 2 and 3 and basal low grade fibrosis 0-2 were associated with a SVR in the univariate analysis. Independent predictors of SVR in the multivariate analysis were IL-28B rs12979860 CC, TNFRSF1B/IL-10/IL-4 non-TTC along with low baseline HCV RNA load and HCV genotypes 2 and 3.IL-28B rs12979860 CC, TNFRSF1B/ IL-10/ IL-4 non-TTC haplotype, low baseline HCV RNA load and HCV genotypes 2 and 3 may help to predict successful outcome to PEG-IFN/ribavirin therapy in Spanish population.Objetivo: El interferon-pegilado (IFN-PEG) junto a ribavirina ha sido el principal tratamiento de la infeccion por el virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) de la ultima decada. Los agentes antivirales de accion directa actuales han mejorado los resultados de la terapia, pero tambien han aumentado el costo y la gestion de la complejidad del tratamiento. El presente estudio analiza factores geneticos de los pacientes, asi como predictores virales y clinicos de respuesta sostenida viral (RSV) al tratamiento con IFN-PEG y ribavirina en poblacion Espanola. Métodos: Estudio farmacogenetico, multicentrico, prospectivo, observacional de cohortes realizado en 12 hospitales diferentes de 12 comunidades autonomas diferentes. Se incluyeron un total de 98 pacientes con RVS y 106 sin SVR al tratamiento con IFNPEG y ribavirina. Se seleccionaron 33 polimorfismos de nucleotido unico ubicados en 24 genes diferentes relacionados con la respuesta inflamatoria, inmunologica y viral. Los datos clinicos y virales tambien se analizaron como candidatos predictores de RVS. Resultados: Los genotipos IL-28B (rs12979860, rs7248668, rs8105790, rs8099917) y TNFRSF1B (rs1061622), asi como los haplotipos TNFRSF1B / IL-10 / TNF(-308) no-TTG y TNFRSF1B / IL-10 / IL-4 no-TTC junto con la menor edad, menor carga de ARN-VHC basal, valores elevados de colesterol LDL en suero basal, genotipos VHC2 y 3 y bajo grado de fibrosis basal (0-2) se asociaron con una RVS en el analisis univariante. Los predictores independientes de RVS en el analisis multivariante fueron el genotipo IL-28B rs12979860 CC, el haplotipo TNFRSF1B / IL-10 / IL-4 no-TTC junto con los bajos niveles basales de VHCARN y los genotipos virales VHC2 y 3. Conclusiones: El genotipo IL-28B rs12979860 CC, el haplotipo TNFRSF1B / IL-10 / IL-4 haplotipos no-TTC, la carga viral basal baja y los genotipos del VHC2 y 3 pueden ayudar a predecir una buena respuesta a la terapia con IFN-PEG y ribavirina en poblacion espanola.
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- 2015
21. Animal influenza in the Caribbean: a systematic review of research and surveillance.
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Alfonso, Pastor, Perera González, Carmen Laura, and Canales Becerra, Haymee
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AVIAN influenza , *SWINE influenza , *ANIMAL diseases , *ANIMAL health surveillance , *INTERNATIONAL cooperation ,ANIMAL research - Abstract
Current influenza surveillance and pandemic mitigation strategies, addressing One Health from a global perspective, demand a broader geographic capacity for research and surveillance on animal influenza viruses (IVs). The aim of this work was to characterize the temporal and geographic shape of research and surveillance on animal IVs in the Caribbean region. A retrospective study, based on the PRISMA statement, was conducted to systematically review the peer reviewed articles on animal IVs generated in Caribbean countries from January 1950 to March 2019. References were obtained from PubMed Central and Sciendirect databases, whereas Academic Google and some animal disease databases were used as supplementary data sources. The selection process identified 32 articles or disease reports generated from 2007 to March 2019, which averaged 2.66/year. There was an overall trend of increased numbers of articles over time, although it varied among topics. The diagnosis embodied the majority of studies (14, 43.75 %) and the scattering by species showed a vast predominance of those targeting avian (wild bird and poultry) species with respect to swine and horses. The disease reports were restricted to avian influenza (AIV) in poultry with five notifications submitted by three different countries (Dominican Republic, Haiti and Belize), which were all due to an H5N2 low pathogenic (LP) AIV. This systematic review suggested the need of a further increase in scientific studies on animal influenza generated in the Caribbean based on risk assessment and networking through international collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
22. Descriptive epidemiology of endemic Classical Swine Fever in Cuba
- Author
-
Fonseca, Osvaldo, primary, Coronado, Liani, additional, Amarán, Laymara, additional, Perera, Carmen L., additional, Centelles, Yosdany, additional, Montano, Damarys N., additional, Alfonso, Pastor, additional, Fernández, Octavio, additional, Santoro, Kleber R., additional, Frías-Lepoureau, María T., additional, and Percedo, María I., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Spatial modeling of oestrosis in sheep in Guantánamo province, Cuba
- Author
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Fonseca, Osvaldo, primary, Moya, Vilmaris Matos, additional, Montano, Damarys de las Nieves, additional, Centelles, Yosdany, additional, Percedo, María Irian, additional, and Alfonso, Pastor, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Caribbean Veterinary Information System (C-VIS), a pilot GIS platform for regional Avian Influenza surveillance. [284]
- Author
-
De Clercq, Eva, Sanford, Bryan, Ducheyne, Els, Lazarus, C., Alfonso, Pastor, Trotman, Mark, Pagès, Nonito, Ali, Desmond, Gongora, Victor, Chavernac, David, Lancelot, Renaud, and Pradel, Jennifer
- Subjects
C30 - Documentation et information ,L73 - Maladies des animaux - Abstract
The Caribbean is a complex region particularly vulnerable for animal and zoonotic disease emergence and spread. Situated along migratory birds' flyways, the region is at high risk of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) strains introduction from North America, where HPAI emerged early 2015. This threat is important in the Caribbean, as poultry production is the most rapidly growing subsector, and some countries have the capacity to be self-sustaining in poultry meat production. Though animal health surveillance is implemented in the countries, the collection of georeferenced data, their management and their analysis is poorly developed, and not fit for epidemiological studies or risk mapping. We aim to provide the official veterinary services (VS) with tools to alleviate the lack of manpower, competence and databases as well as gaps in geographic detail, as evidenced by preliminary surveillance network assessments conducted in the region in 2008-12. The tools are developed along with the regional HPAI surveillance by the Caribbean Animal Health Network (CaribVET). Methods: A Caribbean Veterinary Information System (C-VIS) is being developed to optimize collection and systematic organization of georeferenced data using smartphones or tablets, ensuring homogenous data collection and topographic integrity. It will use open source software such as KoboToolbox®, QGIS® and VECMAP ®. Online data storage and sharing will be provided by a GeoNetwork platform. An educational programme has been planned to increase basic knowledge on GIS through a monthly newsletter and the organization of regional workshops. Results: A protocol has been developed to formalize the regional organization of the data collection, centralization, analysis and reporting at the regional level. Conclusions: These tools will be integrated in the regional early warning systems for the surveillance of HPAI and other emerging diseases with a similar epidemiology, such as West Nile or Saint Louis encephalitis. It will also provide opportunities to develop the national GIS capacities. Relevance: The technology and know-how can be transferred to other developing regions with limited resources. (Texte intégral)
- Published
- 2016
25. Evaluation of the Ocular Tolerance of Three Tacrolimus Topical Pharmaceutical Preparations by Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test
- Author
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Adela Serrano, Javier Milara, Sara Garcia-Montanes, Ezequiel Marti-Bonmati, Francisco J. Lopez-Perez, Joan Sanfeliu, Ana C. Saval-Victoria, Alfonso Pastor-Clerigues, and Julio Cortijo
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,genetic structures ,H&E stain ,Corneal irritation ,medicine.disease_cause ,Permeability ,Tacrolimus ,Corneal permeability ,Cornea ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Corneal Opacity ,Ophthalmology ,medicine ,Animals ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,business.industry ,Corneal opacity ,Immunohistochemistry ,eye diseases ,Sensory Systems ,Safety profile ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Permeability (electromagnetism) ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,Irritants ,Cattle ,sense organs ,Irritation ,Ophthalmic Solutions ,business ,Immunosuppressive Agents - Abstract
Tacrolimus ocular preparations are commonly employed in autoimmune or inflammatory ocular disorders. However, currently there are not yet approved ocular formulations. Tacrolimus ocular side effects have been reported in clinical use, so the evaluation of different pharmaceutical preparations is mandatory. In this study, the local corneal tolerance and safety profile of three common tacrolimus 0.03% pharmaceutical preparations were evaluated.Corneal irritation and permeability of tacrolimus preparations were evaluated with the bovine corneal opacity and permeability (BCOP) test. Complementary corneal hematoxylin/eosin and immunohistochemistry staining for tight junctions and adherent junctions E-cadherin, VE-cadherin and zonula occludens-1 were examined and scored to evaluate and to confirm corneal disruption and irritation scores obtained with the BCOP method.Commercial brand ointment (Protopic®), topical compounded eye ointment (pharmacy elaboration) and tacrolimus suspension eye drops (elaborated from parenteral prograf®) were tested as potential ocular preparations to be used in clinics. Tacrolimus preparations hereby studied do not alter the opacity and permeability of the bovine cornea by more than three units, measured by the In Vitro Irritancy Score, neither affected the immunohistochemical parameters, composite score or transepithelial electrical resistance.Tacrolimus preparations studied can be safely applied as a topical ocular treatment.
- Published
- 2015
26. Association between the swine production areas and the human population in Pinar del Río province, Cuba
- Author
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Fonseca, Osvaldo, primary, Santoro, Kleber Régis, additional, Alfonso, Pastor, additional, Ayala, Joel, additional, Abeledo, María Antonia, additional, Fernández, Octavio, additional, Centelles, Yosdany, additional, Montano, Damarys de las Nieves, additional, and Percedo, María Irian, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. High co-infection rates of Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, and Anaplasma marginale in water buffalo in Western Cuba.
- Author
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Armas, Yasmani, Obregón, Dasiel, Alfonso, Pastor, Corona-González, Belkis, Cabezas-Cruz, Alejandro, Silva, Jenevaldo B., Fonseca, Adivaldo H., André, Marcos R., Machado, Rosangela Z., and Oliveira, Márcia C.S.
- Subjects
WATER buffalo ,TICKS ,VIRUS diseases ,POLYMERASE chain reaction - Abstract
Water buffalo is important livestock in several countries in the Latin American and Caribbean regions. This buffalo species can be infected by tick-borne hemoparasites and remains a carrier of these pathogens which represent a risk of infection for more susceptible species like cattle. Therefore, studies on the epidemiology of tick-borne hemoparasites in buffaloes are required. In this study, the prevalence of Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, and Anaplasma marginale were determined in water buffalo herds of western Cuba. To this aim, a cross-sectional study covering farms with large buffalo populations in the region was performed. Eight buffalo herds were randomly selected, and blood samples were collected from 328 animals, including 63 calves (3-14 months), 75 young animals (3-5 years), and 190 adult animals (> 5 years). Species-specific nested PCR and indirect ELISA assays were used to determine the molecular and serological prevalences of each hemoparasite, respectively. The molecular and serological prevalence was greater than 50% for the three hemoparasites. Differences were found in infection prevalence among buffalo herds, suggesting that local epidemiological factors may influence infection risk. Animals of all age groups were infected, with a higher molecular prevalence of B. bigemina and A. marginale in young buffalo and calves, respectively, while a stepwise increase in seroprevalence of B. bovis and B. bigemina from calves to adult buffaloes was found. The co-infection by the three pathogens was found in 12% of animals, and when analyzed by pair, the co-infections of B. bovis and B. bigemina, B. bigemina and A. marginale, and B. bovis and A. marginale were found in 20%, 24%, and 26%, respectively, underlying the positive interaction between these pathogens infecting buffaloes. These results provide evidence that tick-borne pathogen infections can be widespread among water buffalo populations in tropical livestock ecosystems. Further studies should evaluate whether these pathogens affect the health status and productive performance of water buffalo and infection risk of these pathogens in cattle cohabiting with buffalo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. SintonízaT: Desarrollo de un proyecto radiofónico deportivo en el Campus de Gandía
- Author
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Alfonso Pastor, Lorena and Mirambell Alberola, Laura
- Subjects
TECNOLOGIA ELECTRONICA ,Licenciatura en Comunicación Audiovisual-Llicenciatura en Comunicació Audiovisual ,Programa radiofónico ,Proyecto práctico ,Postproducción ,preproducción - Abstract
Antes de la aparición de la televisión, la radio ha venido siendo el transmisor de los diferentes tipos de acontecimientos deportivos. Tras la aparición de la propia televisión, lejos de desbancar a la radio, ésta ha adquirido mayor relevancia en la tesitura comunicacional. En el presente proyecto, el cual consiste en la realización de un programa semanal radiofónico deportivo para la radio del Campus de Gandía, nos centraremos única y exclusivamente en tratar temas relacionados con los diferentes deportes que se ofrecen en nuestra universidad.
- Published
- 2013
29. Impacto económico de la oestrosis en rebaños ovinos de Cuba.
- Author
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Alfonso, Pastor, Matos, Vilmaris, and Rodríguez Diego, Jesús G.
- Subjects
- *
OESTROSIS , *SHEEP diseases , *SHEEP , *ECONOMICS - Abstract
The aim of this work was to assess the economic impact of oestrosis in the Cuban sheep herds affected. A data set of oestrosis outbreaks during six years (2006-2011) regarding relative mortality and prevalence was used for assessing disease loss. The direct disease cost exceeded a million of the local currency (pesos) on a susceptible population of 139 536 sheep. The cost opportunity for fighting or either controlling oestrosis was considered beneficial, because the antiparasitic price was lower concerning 7 pesos/sheep as disease impact. The Cuban sheep raising is mainly for meat production. As a consequence of the disease, there is a loss of 472 kg of sheep live weight/thousand susceptible animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
30. Estimation of the sensitivity of the surveillance system for avian influenza in the western region of Cuba.
- Author
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Ferrer, Edyniesky, Calistri, Paolo, Fonseca, Osvaldo, Ippoliti, Carla, Alfonso, Pastor, Iannetti, Simona, Abeledo, María A., Fernández, Octavio, Percedo, María I., and Pérez, Antonio
- Published
- 2013
31. Seropositividad a Toxoplasma gondii en Felis catus del municipio Güines, Mayabeque, Cuba.
- Author
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Mengana-Sánchez, Daymara, Entrena García, Ángel, Alfonso, Pastor, Lobo-Rivero, Evelyn, Corona-González, Belkis, and Vega-Cañizares, Ernesto
- Subjects
- *
CATS , *TOXOPLASMA gondii , *ANIMAL welfare , *PARASITES , *MUCOUS membranes , *BIOLOGICAL rhythms , *ANIMAL health - Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is an important zoonosis due to its impact on human and animal health. Toxoplasma gondii is the causal agent of this disease. This protozoan has a complex biological cycle in which felines are the definitive hosts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the seropositivity to T. gondii in cats from Güines municipality, Mayabeque province, as well as to characterize the breeding practices of their owners and determine the main clinical symptoms in seropositive cats. Thirty cats (19 females and 11 males) were studied. A total of 96.7 % (29/30) were seropositive to T. gondii, with no significant differences between sexes. The survey showed that 86.6 % (26/30) of the animals lived with other cats and went out on the streets daily. In addition, 52.6 % females and 100 % males were not sterilized. Paleness of visible mucous membranes was the most frequently observed sign (12/29, 41.37 %) in seropositive cats. It is concluded that there is a high frequency of positivity to Toxoplasma gondii in cats from Güines municipality, favored by certain breeding practices which increase the risk of exposure to T. gondii, benefit the dispersion of the protozoan and even represent the insufficient knowledge of their owners to adopt preventive measures against zoonosis. From the clinical signs observed, there is a need to improve tenure systems with implications for human and animal health and welfare, based on the One Health approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
32. Multicriteria geospatial analysis of the risk of occurrence of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Guyana.
- Author
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Tihul, Praimnauth, Homenauth, Oudho, and Alfonso, Pastor
- Subjects
- *
H5N1 Influenza , *POULTRY farming - Abstract
The objective of this investigation was to establish the geospatial risk of occurrence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in Guyana at the Neighborhood Democratic Council (NDC) level. Knowledge based multicriteria analysis was used taking into account various risk factors adjusted to the spatial resolution of the administrative districts of the country. First the risk of introduction of the causing virus was deduced and then the risk of exposure. From these two risks, by means of algebra of maps with the geographic information system QGIS version 2.18.10, the risk occurrence of disease was deduced. Equivalent proportions of districts with very high or high risk were highlighted, with 28 of 116 (24.1%) in each category. The remainder of the districts in descending order of risk classes grouped as low and negligible in 34 (29.3%) NDC. The regions that corresponded to high risk were: Barima-Waini with 2 out of 5 districts in this category; Pomeroon - Supenaam with 2 out of 7 districts; Essequibo Islands - West Demerara with 5 out of 19 districts (26%); Demerara-Mahaica with 5 out of 19 districts (26%); East Berbice - Corentyne with 8 out of 21 districts (38%) and Upper Takutu - Upper Essequibo with 2 out of 8. The geospatial risk of occurrence of HPAI was not distributed evenly in Guyana, which presents an opportunity for prioritization strategies including the development and implementation of a risk-based surveillance system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
33. Evaluación de la inmunidad poblacional contra peste porcina clásica en condiciones de endemismo de la enfermedad en Cuba.
- Author
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Percedo-Abreu, María Irian, Fonseca-Rodríguez, Osvaldo, Frías-Lepoureau, María Teresa, Antonia Abeledo, María, Alfonso, Pastor, Castell, Sara, Laura Perera, Carmen, Coronado, Liani, Gutiérrez Ravelo, Yobani, Blanco, Miriam, Rosseaux, Dagmar, Capdevila, Yolanda, and Calistri, Paolo
- Subjects
- *
HERD immunity , *CLASSICAL swine fever , *FERAL swine , *AGRICULTURAL exhibitions , *ANTIBODY titer - Abstract
Classical swine fever (CSF), or hog cholera, is a highly contagious multisystemic viral disease that is notifiable to the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) because of the threat of its transboundary spread. It exclusively affects domestic and wild swine, with heterogeneous clinical and lesional signs, depending on host, virus and environmental factors, which complicate its epidemiological behavior. The prolonged endemism of the disease in Cuba and the systematic application of a live vaccine, modified from the Chinese Strain (produced by LABIOFAM), have led to positive selection processes on the circulating strains, which explain their classification in a new genotype 1.4 and the appearance of moderate to low virulence strains, which have aggravated the clinical suspicion of the cases. In addition, there is the presence of persistently infected pigs (pre- and postnatally), which do not respond to vaccina‐ tion and constantly shed virus into the environment. In this scenario, the serological profile of pig populations from technified and semi-technified farms, with different productive system (closed and open cycle, and both combined), systematically subjected to vaccination was characterized in one province. Antibody detection against CSFV was carried out by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunoabsorbent Assay) (ELISA CSFV Ab Test IDEXX 99-43220). There was a low level of population immunity in the territory with only 52.4 % of positive animals out of 7502 pigs tested. Pigs for reproductive replacement in genetic farms showed the highest percentage (79.27 %), even with respect to their progenitors. Fattener groups showed a lower frequency of positive animals compared to breeders, and in general, it was higher in technified farms (57.97 %) compared to semi-technified farms (45.1 %). Closed cycle farms showed a lower frequency of positive animals (48.2 %) compared to open and combined cycle farms. Pigs under semi-technified production conditions showed only 42.66 % of positive animals and there were differences depending on the farms of origin. These results may be associated both to the presence of unprotected animals due to vaccine failure at vaccination (33 ±3 days of age) in the presence of high maternal antibody titers, and to a high percentage of pre- or postnatally infected pigs that are immunotolerant and do not respond to the vaccine. These conditions favor CSF endemism in that territory and require the review of the strategies used to control the disease. An analysis of these results 10 years after this research was carried out is highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
34. Oestrus ovis (Diptera: Oestridae): un importante ectoparásito de los ovinos en Cuba.
- Author
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Matos, Vilmaris, Diego, Jesús G. Rodríguez, Alfonso, Pastor, and Olivares, Javier L.
- Subjects
- *
SHEEP botfly , *MYIASIS , *SHEEP parasites , *OESTROSIS , *HOSTS (Biology) , *GOATS , *BEHAVIOR , *ANIMAL health - Abstract
Oestrus ovis L. (Diptera: Oestridae) is an important myiasis-producing agent of sheep and goats in diverse production environments. Despite of the cosmopolitan distribution of this agent, the first report of its presence in Cuba was in 1995 in Imias municipality, Guantánamo province. Since that, oestrosis has been reported in other two eastern provinces (Santiago de Cuba and Granma). Some aspects regarding biology, host action and control of Oestrus ovis have been summarized. Information on the parasitic phase, clinical expression as well the treatment of the disease is provided from studies conducted by the authors in Cuba. Oestrosis outbreaks registered by the Veterinary Services during a 6 year period (2006-2011) in Guantánamo province showed that disease has an morbidity average of 50.2%; while either mortality or lethality used to be lower (2.17% and 4.33% respectively). The active diagnosis of oestrosis revealed that the 80% of the herds examined are affected by its causal agent, indicating a high prevalence. According to these data, oestrosis may have an important economic impact on sheep production because of the high amount of susceptible animals in the eastern region of Cuba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
35. Potencial de vigilancia sindrómica a partir de modelos ARIMA de nacimientos y mortalidad de crías porcinas.
- Author
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del Pozo Fernández, Jany, Fernández Chuairey, Lucía, Abreu Jorge, Yandy, Cabrera Otaño, Yaneris, Ley Garcia, Oshin, Pérez Ruano, Miguel, and Alfonso, Pastor
- Subjects
- *
SWINE mortality , *ANIMAL health , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *TIME series analysis - Abstract
The feasibility of ARIMA models for syndromic surveillance was evaluated to determine anomalies in births and mortality in swine offspring from a typical commercial farm, and to predict alarm thresholds. For this purpose, data series of these variables aggregated by month over an eight-year period (2010-2017) were analyzed. Models were selected based on the verification of the admissible, parsimonious and stable assumptions, as well as the Akaike criterion for predicting values and their 90 % confidence interval. The best fitting model for both births and mortality was an ARIMA (1,1,0). The lower limit of prediction, set as an alarm level for births, was 109 offspring. In the case of mortality, the alarm level corresponding to the upper limit of the prediction interval was 12.67 %. The ARIMA models established were feasible for syndromic surveillance strategies based on birth and mortality data series, with prediction of alarm thresholds (births <109 offspring and mortality > 10.6 %) that enable early warning and the development of timely responses to correct deviations of productive parameters and their implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
36. In vitro antiviral activity of Rhizophora mangle L. aqueous bark extract and the butanolic fraction against Canine Distemper Virus and Bovine Herpes Virus type 1.
- Author
-
de Armas, Elizabeth, Scagliarini, Alessandra, Battilani, Mara, Alfonso, Pastor, and Marrero, Evangelina
- Subjects
- *
RED mangrove , *BOVINE herpesvirus-1 - Abstract
There is currently an increasing need for new substances or secondary metabolites from natural products with antiviral activity. The aim of this study was to determine the antiviral activity of Rhizophora mangle L. against DNA and RNA virus. With this aim, R. mangle aqueous bark extract (RMABE) and its butanolic fraction (BF-RMABE) were evaluated for the cytotoxicity and cytopathic effect inhibition assay. The selectivity index was also calculated. An in vitro antiviral activity was demonstrated for RMABE and BF-RMABE against the RNA prototype of Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) (CI50 83.30 and 86.10 μg/mL, respectively) and the DNA prototype of Bovine Herpes Virus type 1 (BHV-1) (CI50 87.50 and 90.63 μg/mL, respectively). The results showed the promising antiviral effect of the evaluated R. mangle extracts, suggesting the need for further tests to confirm its in vivo activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
37. Comportamiento epidemiológico de la dermatofilosis bovina en la provincia Huambo, Angola.
- Author
-
Walter, Aires, Paixão, Armindo, Martinez, Siomara, Espinosa, Ivette, Fonseca, Osvaldo, and Alfonso, Pastor
- Subjects
- *
DERMATOPHILOSIS , *BACTERIAL diseases in animals , *BOS , *DISEASES - Abstract
In Huambo, Angola, there is little knowledge about bovine dermatophilosis and its risk of occurrence, which are crucial aspects to design a better prevention and control strategy. The aim of this study was to determine the behavior of bovine dermatophilosis and to identify factors and risk areas in Huambo, Angola. Based on data from the Veterinary Authority, a longitudinal, retrospective and descriptive study on the occurrence and spatiotemporal distribution of the disease was carried out 2010 to 2014. In the period, 876 cases were reported distributed in 87 outbreaks. The level of precipitation had a higher positive correlation (0,525) with the occurrence of cases two months later, while the odds ratio for occurrence of rainy season cases, compared todry season, was between three and 14 times more likely. According to the exposed bovine population, the municipalities with the highest risk of occurrence were Bailundo and Tchicala-Tcholoanga. However, a large area east of the province, which brought together significantly low rates of occurrence to six contiguous municipalities (Tchindjenje, Ukuma, Longonjo, Ecunha, Londuimbale, Caala), demands future studies to clarify the causes. The moderate correlation of the rainfall level, with the occurrence of dermatophylosis two months later, presents a potential for health alert and a reinforcement of preventive control measures. This advantage is further justified by the high strength of association found in the present study for the occurrence of dermatophilosis in the rainy season in Huambo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
38. Spatiotemporal distribution of classical swine fever in Cuba, 2007 - 2013.
- Author
-
Fonseca, Osvaldo, Santoro, Kleber R., Abeledo, María Antonia, Capdevila, Yolanda, Fernández, Octavio, Alfonso, Pastor, Ayala, Joel, and Percedo, María Irian
- Subjects
- *
CLASSICAL swine fever , *CLASSICAL swine fever virus , *ENDEMIC diseases - Abstract
Classical swine fever (CSF) is an endemic disease in Cuba with significant economic impact on the swine industry, not only for the animal losses, but also for the operating expenses of the national coverage control program (technical staff, surveillance, diagnosis, vaccines, disinfectants, etc.). For implementing more effective control and eradication measures, the epidemiological analysis is necessary for a better understanding of the disease spatial and temporal distribution. With this aim, it was used the information about municipalities with CSF outbreaks during a seven-year period (2007-2013) registered by the Epizootiological Surveillance System. The spatiotemporal scan statistics analysis was performed; a Bernoulli probabilistic model was used to detect clusters of outbreak occurrence. Also, a temporal analysis was made through logistic regression. Three significant clusters (p<0.05) of high rates were detected, two of them from 2007 to 2009 with relative risks (RR) of 1.99 and 1.8, respectively. The third cluster had a RR=2.46 in 2008. Also two low rates clusters were observed, the first with a RR= 0.08 from 2009 to 2011, and the second with a RR= 0.43 from 2011to 2012. Furthermore, a tendency to a decreasing percentage of affected municipalities was observed in the studied period; a low risk of the municipalities to be affected were observed in 2011 (OR: 0.518, 0.332-0.809, I.C. 95%, p=0.004) and 2012 (OR: 0.577, 0.371-0.897, I.C 95%, p=0.015). Finally, to investigate the factors associated with the clusters of disease outbreak occurrence is the next step to progress in the CSF control and eradication campaign in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
39. Toxicosis por pasto Mulato (Brachiaria ruziziensis- Brachiaria brizantha) en cabras de la provincia Artemisa.
- Author
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Chong Dubé, Daine, Figueredo, José M., Percedo, María Irian, Domínguez, Patricia, Martínez García, Yuneilys, Alfonso, Pastor, and Marrero Faz, Evangelina
- Subjects
- *
GOAT diseases , *SAPONINS , *MICROBIOLOGY , *GRASSES - Abstract
A case of unusual mortality was studied to elucidate the suspicion of toxicosis in a feedlot herd of 98 Boer goats. The basic diet consisted of conventional feedstuff, Mulato grass (B. ruzizienses- B. brizanta) forage from the own unit areas, hay produced from the same grass, and water ad libitum. There was a subacute curse mainly characterized by anorexia, progressive deterioration, ruminal paralysis in isolated cases, icterus in absence of fever in the majority of animals. Morbidity reached up to50 % and mortality up to 16%. As part of the case research, haematological, bacteriological, and serological studies were carried out. Pathomorphological studies were done on two of the dead animals. A hepatic-renal insufficiency and hemorrhagic diathesis due to an acute hepatic insufficiency were consistent with death cause. It was concluded that the process studied was caused by the consumption of Mulato grass as the unique fibrous food, due to the toxic effect of saponins present in this Brachiaria species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
40. Tendencias en el diagnóstico de la anaplasmosis bovina.
- Author
-
Corona González, Belkis, Obregón, Dasiel, Alemán, Yousmel, Alfonso, Pastor, Vega, Ernesto, Díaz, Adrian, and Martínez, Siomara
- Subjects
- *
ANAPLASMOSIS , *ANAPLASMA marginale , *DIAGNOSIS , *CATTLE diseases - Abstract
Anaplasma marginale is a Rickettsia infecting mature erythrocytes of cattle, causing great economic losses in tropical and subtropical regions. The disease is characterized by a marked hemolytic anemia, weight loss, abortion and sometimes death. Animals, which recover from the acute phase of the disease, stay persistently infected and become reservoir for transmission to healthy animals. There is a need of more sensitive diagnostic techniques to be used in the international movement of livestock towards disease free areas, which allow the detection of carrier animals, as well as to determine the prevalence of the disease in tropical and subtropical regions. For anaplasmosis diagnostic, different techniques are used, among them, agent detection, Giemsa staining to blood smears, inoculation of splenectomized animals, which is the gold standard for diagnosing the disease and the molecular diagnostic methods, which are currently used for the international movement of livestock, because of their sensitivity and specificity. For the detection of antibodies, a complement fixation has been extensively used since a few decades. Card agglutination, indirect immunofluorescence and ELISA tests are the most commonly used for the detection of antibodies, but many of these techniques use crude antigens, contaminated with erythrocyte membranes, which results in a high number of false negatives when persistently infected animals are analyzed. Recent advances and development of new diagnostic methodologies can provide great benefits in improving the diagnostic of this entity. This study discusses the trends existing in the diagnostic of Anaplasma marginale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
41. Modeling transmission of avian influenza viruses at the human-animal-environment interface in Cuba.
- Author
-
Montano Valle DLN, Berezowski J, Delgado-Hernández B, Hernández AQ, Percedo-Abreu MI, Alfonso P, and Carmo LP
- Abstract
Introduction: The increasing geographical spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) is of global concern due to the underlying zoonotic and pandemic potential of the virus and its economic impact. An integrated One Health model was developed to estimate the likelihood of Avian Influenza (AI) introduction and transmission in Cuba, which will help inform and strengthen risk-based surveillance activities., Materials and Methods: The spatial resolution used for the model was the smallest administrative district ("Consejo Popular"). The model was parameterised for transmission from wild birds to poultry and pigs (commercial and backyard) and then to humans. The model includes parameters such as risk factors for the introduction and transmission of AI into Cuba, animal and human population densities; contact intensity and a transmission parameter (β)., Results: Areas with a higher risk of AI transmission were identified for each species and type of production system. Some variability was observed in the distribution of areas estimated to have a higher probability of AI introduction and transmission. In particular, the south-western and eastern regions of Cuba were highlighted as areas with the highest risk of transmission., Discussion: These results are potentially useful for refining existing criteria for the selection of farms for active surveillance, which could improve the ability to detect positive cases. The model results could contribute to the design of an integrated One Health risk-based surveillance system for AI in Cuba. In addition, the model identified geographical regions of particular importance where resources could be targeted to strengthen biosecurity and early warning surveillance., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision., (Copyright © 2024 Montano Valle, Berezowski, Delgado-Hernández, Hernández, Percedo-Abreu, Alfonso and Carmo.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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42. Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases in Cuba, Half a Century of Scientific Research.
- Author
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Alvarez DO, Corona-González B, Rodríguez-Mallón A, Rodríguez Gonzalez I, Alfonso P, Noda Ramos AA, Díaz-Sánchez AA, González Navarrete M, Rodríguez Fernández R, Méndez Mellor L, Catanese HN, Peláez M, Gainza YA, Marrero-Perera R, Roblejo-Arias L, Lobo-Rivero E, Silva CB, Fonseca AH, López ER, and Cabezas-Cruz A
- Abstract
Ticks and the vast array of pathogens they transmit, including bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and helminths, constitute a growing burden for human and animal health worldwide. In Cuba, the major tropical island in the Caribbean, ticks are an important cause of vector-borne diseases affecting livestock production, pet animal health and, to a lesser extent, human health. The higher number of tick species in the country belong to the Argasidae family and, probably less known, is the presence of an autochthonous tick species in the island, Ixodes capromydis . Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of the ticks and tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) affecting animal and human health in Cuba. The review covers research results including ecophysiology of ticks, the epidemiology of TBPs, and the diagnostic tools used currently in the country for the surveillance of TBPs. We also introduce the programs implemented in the country for tick control and the biotechnology research applied to the development of anti-tick vaccines., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
- Published
- 2020
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