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Bioactive compounds in plants are essential for the formation of novel chemotherapeutic drugs, which have been used in Ayurveda to treat a variety of illnesses. Indian medicinal herbs have been used for thousands of years to treat a variety of illnesses, such as fever, cancer, snake bites, rheumatism, skin problems, and neurodegenerative diseases. GC–MS was used to locate and categorize bioactive components in Olea dioicaleaves. The results showed that presence of octanoic acid, methyl ester, decanoic acid, methyl ester, desulphosinigrin, l-gala-l-ido-octose, methyl tetradecanoate, Tetradecanoic acid, 6-benzoxazolesulfonamide, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-methyl-, 10-chloro-5-methoxy-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene, pentadecanoic acid, oleic acid, n-hexadecanoic acid, hexanedioic acid, dioctyl ester, and squalene. The methanol extract of Olea dioicawas effective against a wide spectrum of pathogenic bacteria at four different concentrations, with the highest activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Xanthomonas campestris,and Salmonella typhimurium.It also showed moderate activity against Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptomyces pneumonia,and Pseudomonas syringae.The pharmacological properties of O. dioica, as well as their variety and comprehensive phytochemistry, could be exploited as a potent antimicrobial agent for future therapeutics.

Background: Entomopathogenic fungi are an important biological agent in integrated pest management, playing a critical role in controlling insect populations. In the present study, the sublethal effects of the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae(Ascomycota: Hypocreales), were investigated on the biotic potential of Spodoptera frugiperda(J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), which is a major pest of economically important crops. Results: Obtained results revealed that exposure to LC50concentration of M. anisopliaeresulted in a significantly longer larval developmental time (3.25–6.45 days) than the control group (2.42–5.49 days). Similarly, pupal duration was longer in the LC50treatment (8.24 days) than in the control (6.91 days). Adult longevity was also significantly reduced in the LC50(9.64 days) and LC30(10.49 days) treatments compared to the control group (11.7 days). The number of eggs laid by female S. frugiperdaexposed to LC50value of M. anisopliaeduring the immature stages was significantly lower (464.79 eggs) than that in the control groups (696.93 eggs). Furthermore, all population and age-stage-specific parameters were significantly affected by the sublethal exposure to M. anisopliaeat LC30and LC50values. Conclusion: These results suggest that sublethal exposure to M. anisopliaenegatively impacts the life table parameters of S. frugiperda. However, the use of M. anisopliaeat sublethal levels may have potential benefits for integrated pest management strategies seeking to reduce the use of chemicals.