Search

The importance of the isospin symmetry and its breaking in elucidating the properties of atomic nuclei is reviewed. The quark mass splitting and the electromagnetic origin of the isospin symmetry breaking (ISB) for nuclear many-body problem is discussed. The experimental data on isobaric analogue states cannot be described only with the Coulomb interaction, and ISB terms in the nucleon-nucleon interaction are needed to discern the observed properties. In the present work, the ISB terms are explicitly considered in nuclear energy density functional and spherical shell model approaches, and a detailed investigation of the analogue states and other properties of nuclei is performed. It is observed that isospin mixing is largest for the $N=Z$ system in the density functional approach., Comment: 44 pages, 19 figures

Nash equilibrium is a key concept in game theory fundamental for elucidating the equilibrium state of strategic interactions, finding applications in diverse fields such as economics, political science, and biology. However, the Nash equilibrium may not always align with the optimal or desired outcomes within a system. This article introduces a novel game engineering framework that tweaks strategic payoffs within a game to achieve a desired Nash equilibrium while averting undesired ones. Leveraging mixed-integer linear programming, this framework identifies intricate combinations of players and strategies and optimal perturbations to their payoffs that enable the shift from undesirable Nash equilibria to more favorable ones. We demonstrate the effectiveness and scalability of our approach on games of varying complexity, ranging from simple prototype games such as the Prisoner's Dilemma and Snowdrift games with two or more players to complex game configurations with as high as $10^6$ entries in the payoff matrix. These studies showcase the capability of this framework in efficiently identifying the alternative ways of reshaping strategic payoffs to secure desired Nash equilibria and preclude the undesired equilibrium states. Our game engineering framework offers a versatile toolkit for precision strategic decision-making with far-reaching implications across diverse domains.

The Function-as-a-service (FaaS) computing model has recently seen significant growth especially for highly scalable, event-driven applications. The easy-to-deploy and cost-efficient fine-grained billing of FaaS is highly attractive to big data applications. However, the stateless nature of serverless platforms poses major challenges when supporting stateful I/O intensive workloads such as a lack of native support for stateful execution, state sharing, and inter-function communication. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of performing stateful big data analytics on serverless platforms and improving I/O throughput of functions by using modern storage technologies such as Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory (PMEM). To this end, we propose Marvel, an end-to-end architecture built on top of the popular serverless platform, Apache OpenWhisk and Apache Hadoop. Marvel makes two main contributions: (1) enable stateful function execution on OpenWhisk by maintaining state information in an in-memory caching layer; and (2) provide access to PMEM backed HDFS storage for faster I/O performance. Our evaluation shows that Marvel reduces the overall execution time of big data applications by up to 86.6% compared to current MapReduce implementations on AWS Lambda., Comment: Not yet ready to be publicly available

In this paper, we study thermodynamics, thermal fluctuations, phase transitions and the charged anti-de Sitter black hole surrounded by perfect fluid dark matter. Large black holes are shown to be stable when subject to thermal fluctuations, and we begin by exploring how these fluctuations affect the uncorrected thermodynamic quantities of entropy, Helmholtz free energy, Gibbs free energy, enthalpy specific heat, and phase transition stability. We also discuss null geodesics and the radius of the photon sphere for the charged AdS BH and use the radius of a photon sphere to calculate the Lyapunov exponent and angular velocity. Exceptionally, we test the effects of various parameters of a black hole graphically by observing the existence of the correction parameter and the coupling parameter, which reveal the behavior of corrected thermodynamic quantities. Lastly, we see how the system is stable (under the effects of the dark matter parameter) by figuring out the specific heat and Hawking temperature, which are both related to entropy., Comment: 31 Pages, 41 EPS figure, accepted for Publication in EPJC

Existing incentive solutions for traditional Federated Learning (FL) focus on individual contributions to a single global objective, neglecting the nuances of clustered personalization with multiple cluster-level models and the non-monetary incentives such as personalized model appeal for clients. In this paper, we first propose to treat incentivization and personalization as interrelated challenges and solve them with an incentive mechanism that fosters personalized learning. Additionally, current methods depend on an aggregator for client clustering, which is limited by a lack of access to clients' confidential information due to privacy constraints, leading to inaccurate clustering. To overcome this, we propose direct client involvement, allowing clients to indicate their cluster membership preferences based on data distribution and incentive-driven feedback. Our approach enhances the personalized model appeal for self-aware clients with high-quality data leading to their active and consistent participation. Our evaluation demonstrates significant improvements in test accuracy (8-45%), personalized model appeal (3-38%), and participation rates (31-100%) over existing FL models, including those addressing data heterogeneity and personalization.

This paper deals with the thermodynamical properties of black hole formulated in Einstein theory of relativity and associated with a nonlinear electromagnetic field. The transition of the black hole is analyzed using the parameters mass, electric charge, coupling constant, and cosmological constant. We find-out the thermodynamical aspects of exact black hole solutions to compute the black hole mass, temperature, entropy, Gibbs free energy, specific heat and the critical exponents in the phase space. Further, we study the stability of the black hole solution by specific heat and Gibbs free energy. We look at the first and second phase changes and show a P-V criticality, which is like the Van der Waals phase change. We also examine the equation of the state and the critical exponents., Comment: 17 Pages, 21 Figures , To be published in Chinese Phys. C

We present a guide for the design and fabrication of a CMOS-compatible metamaterial microstructure as an absorber of visible light with exceptionally high absorption efficiency (~ 98%), for wavelengths 400nm-700nm. The structural parameters of the microstructure have been optimized by using Finite Element method (FEM) based COMSOL multyphysics software simulations. An optimized 2D unit cell of the structure consists of 4um by 160 nm TiN base on glass substrate covered with 70 nm thick silicon dioxide (SiO2). A periodic structure of titanium nitride (TiN) straps (each of 90 nm thick and 2-micron wide) is deposited over SiO2. The straps are capped with 40 nm thick layer of high-temperature dielectric hafnium dioxide (HfO2) with periodicity of 4-micron. This unit is symmetric along the other dimension and repeated periodically along the horizontal direction. Additionally, though this microstructure was optimized for visible light spectrum, it also shows almost similar absorption of ~96% intigrated over wavelenght spectrum from 400 nm to 1200 nm. This investigation shows good agreement between simulation and experimental results.

In earthquake-prone zones, the seismic performance of reinforced concrete cantilever (RCC) retaining walls is significant. In this study, the seismic performance was investigated using horizontal and vertical pseudo-static coefficients. To tackle RCC weights and forces resulting from these earth pressures, 26 constraints for structural strengths and geotechnical stability along with 12 geometric variables are associated with each design. These constraints and design variables form a constraint optimization problem with a twelve-dimensional solution space. To conduct effective search and produce sustainable, economical, lightweight RCC designs robust against earthquake hazards, a novel adaptive fuzzy-based metaheuristic algorithm is applied. The proposed method divides the search space to sub-regions and establishes exploration, information sharing, and exploitation search capabilities based on its novel search components. Further, fuzzy inference systems were employed to address parameterization and computational cost evaluation issues. It was found that the proposed algorithm can achieve low-cost, low-weight, and low CO2 emission RCC designs under nine seismic conditions in comparison with several classical and best-performing design optimizers., Comment: There are six figures, 51 pages, and 12 tables in the revised manuscript that has recently been resubmitted to the Journal of Computational Science

Income inequality distribution between social groups has been a global challenge. The focus of this study is to investigate the potential impact of female income on family size and purchasing power. Using statistical methods such as simple linear regression, maximum likelihood analysis, and hypothesis testing, I evaluated and investigated the variability of female pre-tax income with respect to family size. The results obtained from this study illustrate that for each additional household member, the average purchasing power decreases. Additionally, the Bayesian analysis indicates that the probability for an individual with a pre-tax income of at least one and two standard deviations above the population mean is female is approximately 1/3 and 1/4, respectively, further highlighting the gender-based income inequality in Canada. This analysis concludes that although female pre-tax income has no statistically significant impact on family size, the female pre-tax income per person has a statistically significant impact on family size., Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures