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Context: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common cancer of the head and neck. It accounts for more than 90% of all malignancies which occur in the head and neck region. The high incidence and mortality rate of oral cancer stimulates continuation of research on finding new diagnostic tools or markers for it. Aim: To evaluate the possible role of serum β-carotene as a biochemical parameter in the diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods: The serum β-carotene levels in 40 patients with clinically diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed oral squamous cell carcinoma were estimated and the levels were compared with those of 40 healthy controls. The serum β-carotene levels were estimated by using a spectrophotometer. The data which was obtained was analyzed statistically by using unpaired t-test. Results: Subjects with oral squamous cell carcinoma showed significantly lower levels of mean serum β-carotene (149.95 ± 61.29) as compared to those seen in controls (278.19 ± 90.12). Conclusion: The results of the present study are encouraging and these suggest that the estimation of the low levels of β-carotene in the patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma may be a useful diagnostic tool for making the diagnosis of oral squamous Cell carcinoma and thereby improving the prognosis of this dreaded disease.

Abstract This study focuses on the genetic diversity and population structure of Prunus dulcis (almond tree), a crucial agricultural component with widespread cultivation and commercial importance, particularly in Iran, a region with a longstanding tradition of almond cultivation. The diverse almond collection in Iran encompasses many local varieties, breeding selections, rootstocks, and international cultivars. This diversity necessitates advanced genotyping techniques to gain insights into genetic diversity, population structure, and linkage disequilibrium (LD). In this paper, genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was employed to analyze 62 almond germplasm samples, identifying approximately 63,537 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed across the eight chromosomes of the almond genome. On average, there were 30,225 SNPs per chromosome. The analysis yielded an average polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.315 and an expected heterozygosity (He) rate of 0.28, indicating a significant level of genetic diversity within the studied almond germplasm. The LD analysis demonstrated a rapid decline, with an average LD decay spanning approximately 300 kb for an r2 value of 0.2. This suggests substantial hybridization among the sampled almond varieties. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and structure analysis could not differentiate genotypes based on geographical origin, providing further evidence of genetic mixing among the studied almond populations. An Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) highlighted significant genetic diversity within populations but revealed minimal differences. This comprehensive study of Iran’s almond genotypes offers valuable insights for future breeding and conservation efforts, emphasizing this agriculturally significant species abundant genetic diversity and intricate population structure.

Abstract This research focuses on modeling CO2 absorption into alkanolamine solvents using multilayer perceptron (MLP), radial basis function network (RBF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), networks, and response surface methodology (RSM). The parameters, including solvent density, mass fraction, temperature, liquid phase equilibrium constant, CO2 loading, and partial pressure of CO2, were used as input factors in the models. In addition, the value of CO2 mass flux was considered as output in the models. Trainlm, trainbr, and trainscg algorithms trained the networks. The results showed that the best number of neurons for MLP with one layer is 16; with two layers, 5 neurons in the first layer and 12 neurons in the second layer; and with three layers, 9 neurons in the first layer, 5 neurons in the second layer, and 1 neuron in the third layer. The best spread in RBF was found to be 2.202 for optimal network performance. Furthermore, statistical data analysis revealed that the trainlm function performs best. The coefficients of determination for RSM, MLP, RBF, and SVM for optimized structures are obtained at 0.9802, 0.9996, 0.9940, and 0.8946, respectively. The results demonstrate that MLP and RBF networks can model CO2 absorption using the trainlm, trainbr, and trainscg algorithms.

Phytogenic feed additives (PFA) have been studied in many poultry researches primarily as growth promoters due to the growing interest in using natural products in farming. However, few researchers opted to study Piper betle and Alpinia galanga as growth promoters in broilers despite these plants' abundance of beneficial phytoconstituents. Thus, this narrative review aims to provide insights to the readers on the characteristics and properties of Piper betle and Alpinia galanga to be used as growth promoters. This article also reviewed previous research on supplementing Piper betle and Alpinia galanga in broiler in-vivo studies. Issues and knowledge addressed in this review article help poultry researchers and industry to explore the potential of Piper betle and Alpinia galanga to improve the performance of poultry flocks in the future.

Character education is an educational effort that aims to improve the quality of educational processes and outcomes that lead to the formation of students' character and noble morals as a whole, integrated and balanced following graduation competency standards in each educational unit. Based on the decree of the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia Number 719/P/2020 concerning Guidelines for implementing curriculum in educational units in special conditions, it provides flexibility for schools to choose a curriculum that suits students' learning needs. In this way, Al-Ikram Islamic School Medan, apart from using the independent curriculum as the national curriculum, also uses the Islamic-based curriculum as a companion curriculum according to the needs of students. This research was conducted to analyze the background of the Islamic Based Curriculum at Al-Ikram Islamic School Medan; To analyze the role of the Islamic Based Curriculum in cultivating religious character at Al-Ikram Islamic School Medan; To analyze the implementation of the Islamic Based Curriculum at Al-Ikram Islamic School Medan; To analyze the evaluation of the Islamic Based Curriculum at Al-Ikram Islamic School Medan. The research method used in this research is a qualitative method with a descriptive/analytic type. The results of this research show that the implementation of the Islamic Curriculum at Al-Ikram Islamic School Medan is effective in instilling religious character, developing academic potential, and forming students with noble character and strong faith. Abstrak Pendidikan karakter adalah upaya pendidikan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan mutu proses dan hasil pendidikan yang mengarah pada pembentukan karakter dan akhlak mulia peserta didik secara utuh, terpadu dan seimbang sesuai dengan standar kompetensi kelulusan pada setiap satuan pendidikan. Berdasarkan keputusan menteri Pendidikan dan kebudayaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 719/P/2020 tentang Pedoman pelaksanaan kurikulum pada satuan pendidikan dalam kondisi khusus memberikan fleksibilitas bagi sekolah untuk memilih kurikulum yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan pembelajaran peserta didik. Dengan begitu Al-Ikram Islamic School Medan di samping menggunakan kurikulum merdeka sebagai kurikulum nasional juga menggunakan Islamic Based Curriculum sebagai kurikulum pendamping sesuai dengan kebutuhan peserta didik. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan unuk menganalisis latar belakang Islamic Based Curriculum di Al-Ikram Islamic School Medan; Untuk menganalisis peranan Islamic Based Curriculum dalam penanaman karakter religius di Al-Ikram Islamic School Medan; Untuk menganalisis penerapan Islamic Based Curriculum di Al-Ikram Islamic School Medan; Untuk menganalisis evaluasi Islamic Based Curriculum di Al-Ikram Islamic School Medan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif/analitik. Hasil penelitian ini adalah penerapan Islamic Based Curriculum di Al-Ikram Islamic School Medan efektif dalam menanamkan karakter religius, mengembangkan potensi akademik dan membentuk peserta didik yang berakhlak mulia dan beriman kuat. Kata Kunci: karakter; kurikulum berbasis Islam; religius

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has encouraged people to adopt healthier lifestyles, yet available information remains scarce. Marketers often utilize advertising to educate the public, but ads must be engaging to capture attention. Therefore, this study seeks to examine how the content and sources of advertisements influence attitudes toward vegan food using the S-O-R Theory. Design/Methods/Approach: This study conducts experiments on social media apps, manipulating vegan food ads across different designs and endorsers using a 2x2 factorial design between subjects with 160 participants. It utilizes vegan meat as a stimulus and conducts manipulation checks before distributing questionnaires. Findings: The findings indicate that classical aesthetics are more effective in shaping attitudes toward vegan food advertising. Consumers purchase vegan food to maintain their health, and by using classical aesthetics, consumers perceive the food as healthier. Originality/Value: Previous research on vegan food has focused on various aspects such as values, claims, motivation, and ideologies. In contrast, this study explores how vegan food ads positively influence consumer attitudes, with unique visual aesthetics findings in these advertisements. Practical/Policy Implication: Marketers must focus on visual aesthetics and choose suitable endorsers for effective vegan food ads, shaping positive consumer attitudes and purchase intentions.

Globally, the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) has become increasing rapidly, raising concerns about its potential impact on human health. With a particular emphasis on how UPF intake contributes to obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCDs), this review highlights the effect of UPF consumption on the well-being of both normal-weight and overweight people. Our review begins by defining Food processing and their categorization based on the degree of processing, emphasizing their ingredients and additives. The nutritive composition of UPFs is examined and emphasizes their high levels of trans fats, sugars, and salt which often contribute to excessive calorie intake and poor dietary quality. A notable decrease in k, mg vitamin A, C, D, E, B12, B3, zinc, and P was found, with the rise in UPF consumption and also associated with tendencies toward an inadequate dietary intake of micronutrients. This review further describes the adverse metabolic effects of UPFs, including weight management challenges, addiction-like eating behaviors, and increased risks for chronic diseases like CVD, cancer, and metabolic disorders. These findings highlight the need for increased awareness and strategy interventions to promote healthier dietary patterns, addressing both individual and societal factors contributing to the rising prevalence of UPF intake.

Humans are exceptional reservoirs of species diversity to form complex microbiota that play a crucial role in human health by modulating metabolic processes and combating various diseases in the host. The microbiota is positively influenced by the consumption of probiotics and prebiotics, which are beneficial bacteria and indigestible foods, respectively, to promote their growth. Many fermented foods are sources of probiotic strains and plant-based oligosaccharides are well-known prebiotics. Probiotics and prebiotics are important for the treatment of immune system impairment, cancer, liver disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, type 2 diabetes, and obesity because of their immunomodulatory characteristics, supporting gut barrier function, promoting antimicrobial compounds, and modulating the immune response. The objective of this review is to highlight the potential impact of prebiotics and probiotics in modulating gut microbiota to enhance health benefits.

This study aims to address protein-energy malnutrition by developing flour mixtures where legume flours, such as chickpeas, pigeon peas, mung beans, and lentils, are the primary components, with refined wheat flour added in varying proportions, proximate composition analysis of these flours, assessment of antioxidant activities in the mixed flours, the formulation and baking of biscuits using these composite flours, and a thorough analysis of the resulting biscuits. Purposely, 5 kinds of the biscuits were prepared as T0 (control), T1 (mung bean flour supplemented), T2 (chickpea flour supplemented), T3 (pigeon pea flour supplemented) & T4 (lentil flour supplemented). The study outlines a significant increase (p

Nanotechnology is a critical emerging technology that enables contributions, innovation and long-term impact in food, medicine and agriculture. Nanomaterials can improve the quantitative and qualitative development of safer, healthier and higher-quality semi-perishable or perishable functional foods. Nanotechnologies outperform traditional food manufacturing techniques in extending the shelf life of the food product, reducing contamination and producing higher-quality food. Nanotechnology applications improve the bioavailability, flavor, texture and stability of food by altering the particle diameter, potential clustering and charge density of food nanoparticles. The present review article highlights the role of nanotechnology in product development and quality maintenance as well as its potential role in agriculture.

The research aimed to enhance the shelf life of sugarcane juice through carbonation, employing different concentrations of juice mixed with syrup. Treatments included T0 (100% juice), T1 (80% juice), T2 (60% juice), T3 (40% juice), and T4 (20% juice). Physicochemical analyses encompassed color, pH, total soluble solids, and titratable acidity, with T0 (pH: 5.2, total soluble solids: 18.5°Brix) showing significant values. However, T4 exhibited the most significant (p ≤ .05) results, suggesting its potential for shelf-life extension. Additionally, bioactive compounds such as ascorbic acid, total phenolic, and flavonoid contents were measured, with T4 demonstrating noteworthy levels. Antioxidant assays (DPPH: 65% inhibition, TFC: 45 mg QE/100 ml, TPC: 130 mg GAE/100 ml, and FRAP: 320 µmol Fe2+/L) highlighted T4 the most effective, showcasing robust antioxidant activity. Sensory evaluation, conducted at refrigeration temperatures of 4–10°C, favored T4, indicating its superior acceptability. In conclusion, Carbonated sugarcane juice (20% T4) extends shelf life, preserves quality, and boosts antioxidants.

In the rapidly evolving gut and gastroenterological research field, postbiotics, a fermentation byproduct, are emerging as a cutting-edge alternative in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical environment. These functional bioactive components, which include muropeptides, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), teichoic acids, polysaccharides, cell-free supernatants, short-chain fatty acids, enzymes, bactericidal antibiotics, and vitamins, play an important role in immune system development. This review explores the intricate pathways through which gut microorganisms produce metabolites that contribute to the health-promoting properties of postbiotics. Postbiotics have a variety of appealing qualities, including anticancer, antibacterial, and immunological actions. Their multiple effects include influencing immunological responses, decreasing cancer cell growth, and preventing bacterial infections. Their presence in dairy and plant-based meals is noteworthy, as it provides a perfect matrix for fermentation and a varied range of antibacterial chemicals. This article delves into enhancing understanding of the concept of therapeutic properties of postbiotics in promoting human health.

Food safety assurance systems are growing increasingly strict in both industrialized and developing nations as a result of increased, both real and perceived food safety concerns. This is happening as a result of developments in both public (such as direct regulation and product liability) and private (such as self and third-party certification) quality control systems. This study assessed the microbial safety, heavy metals contamination, and sensorial characteristics of beef seekh kababs made by local and branded restaurants in Faisalabad. A total of 24 samples were collected from four regions (R1 Lyallpur town, R2 Madina town, R3 Jinnah town, and R4 Iqbal town) of Faisalabad, and analyzed. Physicochemical parameters including moisture, fat, pH, ash, proteins and color (L*, b* and a*), microbiological parameters such as total plate count (TPC), total Coliform count (TCC), E. coli O157:H7, and heavy metals (Cd, Fe, Pb, and Zn) content were determined. Moreover, the lab supervisor and 18 food technology students, who had prior tasting experience, conducted sensory tests on the samples. They evaluated the samples right after they reached the laboratory, before any other analyses. Results showed that the R2 (Local) sample had the significantly (p

Despite their serious disadvantages, which include higher upfront costs, the possibility of malfunctions due to corrosiveness, and a negative impact on the organoleptic properties of the food and possibly its nutritional importance, conventional antibacterial techniques such as pasteurization, pressure preparation, and radioactive substances are also valid as synthetic antiseptics, in fact, reduce bacterial growth in food to varying degrees. Most importantly, these cleaning techniques remove all contaminants, including various (often helpful) microorganisms found naturally in food. One potential solution to some of these issues is bacteriophage bio-control, a common and inexpensive method that uses lytic bacteriophages taken from the environment to selectively target harmful bacteria and eliminate significantly reduce their stages of feeding. It has been claimed that using bacteriophages on food is a novel way to prevent the growth of germs in vegetables. This review highlights the role of bacteriophages in food safety and their advantages in detail.

Ultraviolet (UV)-reflectance is an essential signal of many plant species, which use wavelength-selective pigments in floral reproductive structures to determine the color of flowers and how they appear to their aerial pollinators, primarily bees. This paper presents a pollinator-inspired remote-sensing system incorporating UV reflectance into a flower detector for strawberry crops. We designed a compact, cost-effective UV-sensitive camera for aerial remote sensing over crop rows. Our camera and a deep-learning algorithm comprise our Nature-Inspired Detector (NID) system. We trained YOLOv5 and Faster R-CNN on our dataset of strawberry images incorporating the UV spectrum (300–400 nm). Our results showed that NID-based YOLO V5 outperformed NID-based Faster R-CNN in training time (0.3 vs. 4.5–5.5 hours) and mean Average Precision—mAP (0.951 vs. 0.934). We also present the field-test of our NID-based YOLOv5 system on a drone platform to validate its ability to detect strawberry flowers.

AbstractThis research explored the change management of integrating a Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) from a status quo to a Digital-based School Culture (DSC). A qualitative approach with a multi-case design was used to conduct research at three schools with various backgrounds. The schools, located in Indonesia, were at the same developmental stage and had a good practice of VLE integration. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 30 respondents, participant observation and documentation research were also conducted on each case to obtain comprehensive and holistic data. The results showed seven stages of change management from status quo to DSC transformation. These stages include teams, resource preparation methods, vision alignment, digital skills development, obstacles, short-term reviews, and initiatives to boost technology acceptability. DSC transformation entailed developing digital modules, online and blended learning, and digitizing learning administration for improved decision-making. The finding serves as a valuable roadmap for DSC transformation practices to create systemic change strategies for pedagogical, technological, and organizational systems while considering school conditions.

ABSTRACT Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is a rare autoimmune blistering disorder requiring consistent immunosuppressive therapy for management. A 66‐year‐old male with a history of PF presented with worsening blisters and erosions after discontinuing medication. The patient had flaccid bullae and erosions on the face, scalp, chest, and back. Histopathology confirmed PF. Treatment with oral prednisolone, azathioprine, and reinitiation of dexamethasone‐cyclophosphamide pulse (DCP) therapy led to disease remission. This case underscores the importance of adherence to immunosuppressive therapy in PF management. It also highlights the role of affordable treatment regimens in ensuring patient compliance and successful outcomes.

Abstract Nutraceuticals are dietary supplements produced from food sources that are intended to improve health through immune system modulation or by helping to prevent and treat a variety of ailments. Their anti‐inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant qualities are well recognized. In certain instances, they even show direct microbiological efficacy against viral infections. Because of their special capacity, they may be able to help slow the spread and effects of very infectious illnesses, such as pandemics like COVID‐19. Nutraceuticals work well against viral infections because of a number of intricate processes. Reducing the harm that infections do to the immune system is one of the main effects. Nutraceuticals have the power to stimulate and activate the immune system, improving the body's capacity to identify and eliminate infections. Additionally, they are essential in reducing oxidative damage, which can result in serious consequences and is frequently intensified during viral infections. Nutraceuticals also strengthen immunity by promoting regulatory T cell differentiation and proliferation, which is crucial for preserving immune system homeostasis and limiting hyperinflammatory reactions. They control the production of proinflammatory cytokines, which helps to avoid cytokine storms during viral infections that may seriously harm tissue. This regulation lowers the danger of hyperinflammation and enhances overall results by supporting a balanced immune response. Through a number of biochemical mechanisms, nutraceuticals can strengthen the body's defenses against viral infections. They promote a more effective and efficient immune response by regulating immune cell activities, oxidative stress reduction, and antioxidant pathway activation. Furthermore, by interacting with different cellular signaling pathways, nutraceuticals can affect the synthesis and function of important immune components. This study clarifies the molecular processes behind the immunomodulatory effects of nutraceuticals, highlighting their crucial role in both treating and preventing viral infections.

Abstract Hylocereus undatus, occasionally referred to as the dragon fruit or white‐fleshed pitaya, is a rich in nutrients fruit appreciated because of its colorful look and health benefits. It is inexpensive in calories but packed with minerals like iron, magnesium, and calcium in addition to essential nutrients like vitamin C and B vitamins. Similarly rich in dietary fiber, particularly promotes gut wellness and improves digestion, is pitaya. It additionally contains antioxidants, such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and betalains, which help with scavenging free radicals and reducing the detrimental effects of oxidative stress on the human body. The substantial amount of betalains in Hylocereus undatus phytochemical composition is notable because it contributes to the plant's anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties. There has been an association among these phytochemicals and a decreased likelihood of contracting long‐term conditions such as diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Omega‐3 fatty acids and omega‐6 fatty acids, in particular, that reduce cholesterol levels while improving blood circulation, are plentiful in the fruit's seeds and are beneficial to heart wellness. The objective of this review is to highlight the nutritional profile, phytochemical and health benefits of Hylocereus undatus in detail.

Inherited heat enhancement capabilities and their significance in the field of medical sciences and industry make nanofluids the focus of research nowadays. Furthermore, due to the remarkable advancements in bionanotechnology and its significance in biomedical fields such as drug delivery systems, cancer tumor therapy, bioimaging, and many others, it has emerged as a key research area. Contribution of cilia for the flow in ductus efferentes of human male reproductive tract is elaborated. A novel mathematical scheme is presented for the heat and mass transfer of MHD micropolar nanofluid transport in an asymmetric channel lined with cilia. The pertinent equations of nanofluid transport are exposed to lubrication approximation theory and solution for the physical problem is examined with efficient bvp4c technique in MATLAB. Fluid rheology is explored with the variations of different transport parameters like Hartmann number, Grashof number, Brownian motion, buoyancy, thermophoresis and Darcy number. It is reported that nanofluid transport is affected with rise in the Lorentz force and show reverse behavior with rising permeability. The temperature of the nanofluid in ciliated microchannel is raised with enhanced value of Hartmann number, Grashof number, Prandtl number, and Darcy number while diffusion phenomenon of nanofluid is slowed down with these parameters. Spinning motion of the nanofluid is enhanced with Grashof number and slow down with nanoparticle Grashof number and different behavior is recorded for Darcy and viscosity parameters in different flow regime. Reported investigation presents crucial findings for ciliary transport of micropolar nanofluid and tackled with appropriate selection of micropolar parameter, Brownian motion parameter, thermophoresis and Grashof number. Moreover, this investigation will be handful for cilia-based actuators which work as micro-mixers in controlling the flow in minute bio-sensors and may prove their worth in micro-pumps employed in various drug-delivery systems.

Lead is a highly harmful environmental and occupational contaminant that works by inducing oxidative stress. Chelation therapy is the only treatment available in clinics for heavy metal poisoning, but it also has several adverse effects. This work assessed the in-vitro prevention effect of synthesized piroxicam derivatives for lead poisoning using the jobs techniques and NMR spectroscopy. Subsequently, in the presence of lead nitrate, the cytoprotection of piroxicam derivatives was assessed and compared with EDTA as an effective chelator. As a result, all synthesized compounds effectively chelated the lead ions. Furthermore, possibly due to the antioxidant activity of piroxicam derivatives, these compounds were even more effective in preventing cell death caused by lead poisoning than EDTA. The results showed that piroxicam derivatives are helpful in metal poisoning treatment due to their chelation ability and antioxidant activity.

One of the main problems of fruit cultivation, especially peaches and almonds, is the lack of the application of the existing clone rootstocks such as the promising hybrid of peaches and almonds and its unavailability due to its propagation in Iran. So the seedling rootstocks are inevitably used. However these rootstocks cause many problems for the growers due to the lack of uniformity. In order to solve this problem, the effect of different concentrations of indole butyric acid on the rooting of hardwood cuttings ‘TF92’ (promising hybrid of peach and almond) was tested in a private sector greenhouse in Karaj equipped with a heating pad during 2019. In this paper, the effect of 4 different levels of indole butyric acid hormone (IBA) 0, 1500, 2500 and 3500 parts per million in solution on hardwood cuttings was studied in a completely randomized design in three replications. The results showed that there was a significant difference between various concentrations of indole butyric acid in terms of the effect on the characteristics of the mode of investigation such as the percentage of rooting, the number of roots formed, the dry weight of the roots, the length of the roots and the length of the resulting branches in the cuttings. Thus the highest rooting percentage (78.45) was found in the indole butyric acid (IBA) hormone treatment with a concentration of 2500 mg L-1 compared to other treatments. Therefore, this method can be recommended as a suitable treatment for the rooting of wood cuttings of this promising emerging rootstock. Also, the highest percentage of rooted plantlets was obtained on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 1 mg L-1 IBA. According to this study, the concentrations of 1 mg L-1 IBA results in the maximum rooting, and it has been suggested as a suitable hormone for in vitro rooting of ‘TF92’.

Abstract Context Palliative care (PC) in most African countries remains under-assessed. Benin has piloted the implementation of a set of indicators proposed by the WHO to measure PC development. Objectives To examine the current status of PC in Benin. Methods A workshop with stakeholders was organized to assess the WHO indicators in the Beninese context. Indicators were rated based on relevance and feasibility, data sources were agreed upon, and a survey was adapted. Data were collected between March and May 2023. Results There is emerging community involvement in PC through the presence of patients’ rights promoters, as well as a political commitment expressed in the National PC strategy, the inclusion of PC services in the list of basic health services, and an assigned national authority –within the Ministry of Health–responsible for PC. Although no PC-oriented research has been documented, the celebration of the National PC Conference represents the first step to ground PC delivery in evidence. The reported annual consumption of opioids is 0.18 (ME) milligrams per capita, 34% of healthcare establishments have essential medicines for pain and PC, and 16.5% of patients with palliative needs have access to oral morphine. To date, no medical or paramedical schools offer PC training, and there is no official specialization in palliative medicine for doctors. PC is provided by 11 specialist teams (0.08/100,000 inhabitants), none of which provides pediatric care. Conclusion Despite growing political, professional, and community commitments to palliative care, there are challenges in education, research, essential medicines, and access to PC services.

Dental Caries is one of the major oral diseases that can be seen increasing among adults as well as in children. Many Artificial Intelligence (AI) based works have been caried out for early detection of dental caries but achieving a good accuracy is still a challenge. This work aims to develop a model that can classify the three classes of the dental caries namely enamel caries, dentin caries and pulpitis. The proposed design is a fine-tuned model based on the VGG16 model emulating deep learning-based classification of dentin caries. The dataset of Radio Visio Graphy (RVG) images which comprises of infected tooth is collected and labelled for this purpose. The proposed model is also compared with the fully train VGG16 and Bi-Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) coupled with the transfer learning. The performance of these models is evaluated based on the Accuracy, Precision, Recall and F1 Score. Based on the evaluation metrics, it has been observed that the proposed method is able to achieve highest accuracy as compared to the fully train VGG16 and Bi-LSTM coupled with the transfer learning. The proposed model shows an overall accuracy of 97.87% with minimal loss. It’s performance has also been compared with state of the art models with similar settings to verify its performance upper hand.

Epibulbar dermoid, benign tumors resulting from the improper function of the pathogenic protein Patched 1 (PTCH1), surgical interventions are employed to mitigate the lethal effects. However, these procedures often lead to complications such as scleral weakening and corneal astigmatism. Due to the absence of effective medical treatments, there is a critical need for novel approaches to prevent the spread of this disease. This study not only fills a key gap in medical therapy for epibulbar dermoid, but it also demonstrates AI’s transformational potential in drug development. Employing an AI drug design service, three efficient de novo therapeutic compounds targeting the PTCH1 protein were crafted with Fisetin. The method included obtaining the PTCH1 protein sequence from NCBI, computing physiochemical parameters with Expasy Protparam, and estimating the 3D structure with SWISS-MODEL. Quality assessment, binding site prediction, drug design with WADDAICA, Lipinski’s Rule of 5, toxicity screening, ADMET evaluation, docking analysis with CB-dock and Patch dock, and MD simulations with IMOD all work together to provide an adequate basis for the development and validation of AI-designed phytochemical medicines for epibulbar dermoid. Comprehensive pharmacokinetic and toxicity assessments demonstrated the outstanding absorbency of AI-designed Fisetin in the blood–brain barrier, emphasizing its non-toxic nature. The AI-designed Fisetin exhibits a notable affinity of approximately −9.2 kcal/mol during docking with the PTCH1 protein, suggesting its potential as a drug. While the in silico results indicate efficiency and safety, the necessity for in vivo testing is acknowledged to validate these promising findings. This research significantly advances the frontier of knowledge by proposing a non-invasive solution to epibulbar dermoid, addressing current limitations, and offering potential alternatives to conventional surgical interventions.

Abstract: The purpose of this research is to describe the intracurricular and extracurricular Islamic Center as a means of integrating the habituation of scientific attitudes and fostering piety of students at public SMA of 1 Kesamben, Blitar. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study type of research. Data collection was carried out using interview techniques, observation, and documentary studies. Data analysis was carried out interactively starting from data collection, condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study are (1) a form of scientific attitude that is habituated to students at school can be carried out through routine habituation activities and habituation during learning; (2) the values of taqwa that are fostered in students include a series of habituation activities, namely mandatory wearing of the hijab, praying before and after carrying out lessons, performing obligatory and sunnah prayers in congregation, and morning tadarus; (3) types of Islamic Center extracurricular activities developed in schools, namely routine training once a week, hadrah or al-banjari, thaharah by cleaning the mosque environment, Al-Quran Reading Arts (SBQ), Commemoration of Islamic Holidays (PHBI), attending MCRB (Majelis Cinta Rosul Blitar), competitions in the field of religion and compensation for orphans; (4) Islamic Center extracurriculars in integrating the habituation of scientific attitudes and fostering piety there are several habits; (5) the integration strategy of habituation of scientific attitudes and fostering piety through Islamic Center extracurricular activities includes habituation and exemplary activities by coaches in Islamic Center extracurricular activities Keywords: intracurricular; extracurriculars; scientific attitude; development of taqwa Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan mengenai intrakurikuler dan ekstrakurikuler Islamic Centre sebagai wahana integrasi pembiasaan sikap ilmiah dan bina taqwa peserta didik di SMA Negeri 1 Kesamben, Blitar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumenter. Analisis data dilakukan secara interaktif mulai dari pengumpulan data, kondensasi, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah (1) bentuk sikap ilmiah yang dibiasakan pada diri peserta didik di sekolah dapat dilakukan melalui kegiatan pembiasaan rutin dan dilakukan pembiasaan saat pembelajaran; (2) nilai-nilai taqwa yang dibina pada diri peserta didik meliputi rangkaian kegiatan pembiasaan, yakni peraturan wajib memakai hijab, berdoa sebelum dan sesudah melakukan pembelajaran, melakukan ibadah sholat wajib dan sunnah berjamaah, dan tadarus pagi; (3) jenis kegiatan ekstrakurikuler Islamic Centre yang dikembangkan di sekolah, yaitu latihan rutin satu minggu sekali, hadrah atau al-banjari, thaharah dengan membersihkan lingkungan mushola, Seni Baca Al-Quran (SBQ), Peringatan Hari Besar Islam (PHBI), mengikuti MCRB (Majelis Cinta Rosul Blitar), lomba bidang keagamaan dan santunan anak yatim; (4) ekstrakurikuler Islamic Centre dalam mengintegrasikan pembiasaan sikap ilmiah dan bina taqwa terdapat beberapa pembiasaan; (5) strategi integrasi pembiasaan sikap ilmiah dan bina taqwa melalui kegiatan ekstrakurikuler Islamic Centre meliputi kegiatan pembiasaan dan keteladanan oleh pembina dalam kegiatan ekstrakurikuler Islamic Centre. Kata kunci: intrakurikuler; ekstrakurikuler; sikap ilmiah; bina taqwa

Scraped surface heat exchangers (SSHEs) have prominently shown their eminence in various food, chemical and in pharmaceutical industries when the regular processing of fluids and pertinent materials is encountered. The heat transfer analysis of Williamson fluid flow with electro osmotic effects in a narrow-gap SSHE is designed by implementing constant temperature difference between the gaps of the rotor and the stator. A fluid model is established by using lubrication approximation theory and Debye-Huckel simplifications. The computational solution is elaborated by implementing renowned BVP4C technique in MATLAB. Exact solution of Poisson-Boltzmann equation for different scenarios of SSHE is gathered, whereas solution for velocity, stream functions and temperature in various parts of SSHE are explored computationally. Impact of various crucial physical flow parameters like, Weissenberg number, mobility of the medium number, electro osmotic parameter on the velocity profile, stream function, temperature profile, and pressure gradient has been explored graphically. The numerical solution is compared with artificial neural network (ANN) and an absolute alignment of BVP4C solution is observed with ANN solution. It is reported that fluid flow is lifted with enhancing the viscoelastic behavior and exhibits dual behavior for electroosmosis phenomenon and mobility of medium parameter. Also, it is seen that temperature of the fluid is significantly declines with Weissenberg number and is surges with enhancing mobility of medium and Brinkman number. By increasing the Brinkman number conduction phenomenon is slow down and heat produced due to viscous dissipation, raises the temperature of the fluid. The viscoelastic effect could be of enormous significance in applications, like Polymer processing in certain heat exchangers, and in mixing and blending foodstuffs etc.

Often in commentaries on the Aceh Code, researchers relate it to the status of existing applicable laws and regulations as well as the principles of Human Rights (HAM). As a result, the Aceh Code has been criticized as not being in line with the law; it is even seen as radical, extreme, and contrary to human rights values. However, it is a law built based on Islamic principles. In order to counter this perception of the Aceh Code, this study analyzes the relationship between the Aceh Code and the practice of takzir punishment by 'Umar bin al-Khattab. The researcher used a qualitative method with a documentary research design to collect data from primary documents, namely the Acehnese Qanun and various legal jurisprudence reference books that contain the practice of 'Umar's takzir. Next, an analysis was made to compare the Aceh Code with the practice of takzir punishment by 'Umar bin al-Khattab. The results of the document analysis found that there are similarities between the Aceh Code and 'Umar's takzir practice in the execution of punishments, including flogging, imprisonment, and fines. The Acehnese Qanun even implements these punishments by adapting them to the conditions, culture, and local traditions of the Acehnese community. In conclusion, this study highlights the Aceh Code’s strong foundation in Islamic jurisprudence by drawing parallels between its punishments and the takzir practices of 'Umar bin al-Khattab. Contrary to common criticisms, the Aceh Code is not inherently radical or extreme but reflects a careful adaptation of Islamic legal principles to the cultural and societal context of Aceh. By demonstrating the Code's alignment with both traditional Islamic law and local practices, this research provides a deeper understanding of how Shariah-based laws can be integrated within contemporary legal frameworks while maintaining respect for cultural diversity. Abstrak Seringkali dalam ulasan mengenai Qanun Aceh, para penyelidik mengaitkannya dengan status undang-undang dan peraturan terpakai sedia ada serta prinsip-prinsip Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM). Akibatnya, Qanun Aceh telah dikritik sebagai tidak selaras dengan undang-undang tersebut, bahkan ia dilihat sebagai radikal, ekstrim, dan bertentangan dengan nilai-nilai HAM, sedangkan ia adalah undang-undang yang dibina berdasarkan prinsip Islam. Bagi menangkis persepsi ini terhadap Qanun Aceh, kajian ini menganalisis hubungan Qanun Aceh dengan amalan hukuman takzir ‘Umar bin al-Khattab. Pengkaji menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan reka bentuk kajian dokumentar untuk mengumpulkan data daripada dokumen primer, iaitu Qanun Aceh dan pelbagai buku rujukan fiqh undang-undang yang mengandungi amalan takzir ‘Umar. Seterusnya analisis dibuat bagi membandingkan Qanun Aceh dengan praktik hukuman takzir ‘Umar bin al-Khattab. Hasil analisis dokumen mendapati bahawa wujud persamaan antara Qanun Aceh dengan praktik takzir Umar dalam pelaksanaan hukuman merangkumi hukuman sebatan, penjara dan denda. Bahkan Qanun Aceh melaksanakan hukuman-hukuman ini dengan turut menyesuaikannya dengan kondisi, budaya, dan tradisi setempat masyarakat Aceh. Sebagai kesimpulan, kajian ini menekankan asas kukuh Qanun Aceh dalam jurisprudens Islam dengan menunjukkan persamaan antara hukuman-hukumannya dan amalan takzir yang telah dilaksanakan oleh 'Umar bin al-Khattab. Qanun Aceh bukanlah radikal atau ekstrem namun mencerminkan adaptasi dan penyesuaian prinsip undang-undang Islam kepada konteks budaya dan masyarakat Aceh. Kajian ini memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang bagaimana undang-undang berasaskan Syariah dapat diintegrasikan dalam rangka perundangan moden sambil kekal menghormati kepelbagaian budaya.

We study eleven dimensional supergravity solutions with an AdS7 factor. By writing AdS7 metric as an SU(1,1) bundle over AdS4 we derive new supergravity solutions. The solutions, however, are obtained in Euclidean signature and thus are necessarily complex. We also discuss AdS7 as an SU(2) bundle over AdS4, and observe that the two sets of solutions are related by analytic continuation of the scale factor of the fiber.

Researchers wish to conduct a study related to local wisdom values in the folklore Tambak Kumandang Market using literary anthropology studies. This research uses a qualitative description method. The strategy used is a single case study with only a focus on one criterion or target. The form of data in this research is words, sentences and discourse. Furthermore, this research uses primary and secondary data sources. This research data collection was carried out using various steps, namely observation, in-depth interviews, recording, noting and document analysis. Then this research uses data validation techniques in the form of triangulation and informant review. There are two triangulations used, namely data source and method triangulation. This research data analysis technique uses an interactive model created by Miles and Huberman. After analysis and discussion, it was concluded that there are seven local wisdoms in the folklore of Tambak Kumandang Market, namely: 1) language system number 4, 2) knowledge system number 10, 3) social organization system number 6, 4) economic system number 10. 3, 5) systems of living equipment and technology number 5, 6) religious systems number 9, and 7) art systems number 3. Abstrak Peneliti berkeinginan untuk melakukan kajian terkait nilai-nilai kearifan lokal dalam cerita rakyat Pasar Tambak Kumandang menggunakan kajian antropologi sastra. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskripsi kualitatif. Strategi yang digunakan adalah studi kasus tunggal dengan fokus pada satu kriteria atau sasaran. Bentuk data pada penelitian ini adalah kata, kalimat, dan wacana. Selanjutnya penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data primer dan sekunder. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini dilakukan dengan berbagai langkah, yakni observasi, wawancara mendalam, perekaman, pencatatan, dan analisis dokumen. Kemudian, penelitian ini menggunakan teknik validasi data berupa triangulasi dan informant review. Terdapat dua triangulasi yang digunakan, yakni triangulasi sumber data dan metode. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan model interaktif yang diciptakan oleh Miles dan Huberman. Setelah dilakukan analisis dan pembahasan, maka diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa terdapat tujuh kearifan lokal dalam cerita rakyat Pasar Tambak Kumandang, yakni sistem bahasa sejumlah empat, sistem pengetahuan sejumlah sepuluh, sistem organisasi sosial sejumlah enam, sistem ekonomi sejumlah tiga, sistem peralatan hidup dan teknologi sejumlah lima, sistem religi sejumlah sembilan, dan sistem seni sejumlah tiga.

The purpose of the research content analysis of the fist secondary school text books( thinking and lifestyle) in regard to self- care. The current research is a quantitative content analysis. In this research, the research community, the content of the thinking and lifestyle textbooks of the first secondary school (7th, 8th) academic year of 1402-1401 were selected. The statistical sample of the research included the seventh and eighth grade thinking and lifestyle textbooks (common for boys and girls) and the method of sampling was also targeted. Content analysis techniques (checklist) were used to collect information. The initial form of this checklist is prepared from the literature and theoretical foundations of the research. In order to check the validity of its content, the prepared checklist was given to the tutors and advisors as well as five experts in this field for modification and after applying their opinions, the content analysis checklist was finalized. The unit of analysis and review in this research was all the components of the book "Thinking and Lifestyle" of the first secondary school (content, pictures, activities, questions) and the unit of registration was a theme. In this research, the Shannon entropy method was used to analyze the data. In this order, the data were normalized and the importance coefficient, information load and standard deviation of each component were calculated. The findings of the research showed that the seventh and eighth grade thinking and lifestyle books paid little attention to self-care. Among the studied components, the most frequency is related to the physical component (observing proper clothing and according to the seasons), emotional (being kind to yourself and others), psychological (feeling of sufficient self-confidence). The lowest frequency is related to the components of spiritual self-care, and most of their sub-components (such as reciting and listening to the verses of the Qur'an and participating in religious ceremonies and rituals, doing good deeds, helping the needy, giving thanks for God's blessings) have not been paid attention to. Self-care skills can be realized by including the components of self-care in educational books and taking a balanced look at it in books of the first secondary school, especially books on thinking and lifestyle.

Background: Among the various assessment tools for learning, self-evaluation is an efficient method that enables students to reflect on their learning. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of self-evaluation by checklist in learning the principles of drug injection and the satisfaction of nursing students in the pharmacology internship in 2022 at Zanjan College of Nursing and Midwifery.Method: The present study was a quasi - experimental study that was conducted as a case-control study in the pharmacology internship unit on 36 students. In the case group (18 participants), each student completed the checklist 3 times in the presence of the instructor, after administering the drug, in three consecutive days. But in the control group, only the instructor, like the case group, completed the drug administration checklist. At the end of the internship, the satisfaction level of the students of both groups was measured by a satisfaction questionnaireResults: 55.56% of the students in the case group were male and 55.56% of the students in the control group were female. The mean and standard deviation of learning on the second and third day were respectively 11.44±1.68 and 14.78±0.548 in the case group and 8.78±1.26 and 8.00±1.45 in the control group, which was statistically significant (p=0.000). There was no significant difference in the level of satisfaction in the two groups.Conclusion: The use of self-evaluation method had a significant effect in training drug administration skills.

This study was conducted to examine how the contributions of instructional e-supervision by the school principal and learning organisation affect the teachers’ technology, information, and communication (ICT) competencies based on the teacher professional digital competence (TPDC) framework in the process of integrating technology into teaching. The method used was quantitative analysis with multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS 25. The population in this study consisted of 428 teachers from public and private high schools in the city of Makassar. A sample of 257 was obtained using random sampling techniques. The research results in the first hypothesis showed an influence of instructional e-supervision by the school principal on the ICT competence of teachers. In line with this, the second hypothesis, learning organisation, also contributes to the teachers’ ICT competencies. Finally, the third hypothesis indicates a simultaneous influence of instructional e-supervision by the school principal and learning organisation on teachers’ technology, information, and communication (ICT) competencies with a coefficient of determination of 56.2%.

This research aims to analyze and describe the management of Scout extracurricular activities at SDIT Al-Mumtaz Pontianak, focusing on the aspects of planning, organizing, implementing, and supervising. The method employed is a case study approach within the qualitative research paradigm as proposed by Spradley. Data collection techniques encompass structured interviews, participatory observation, and documentary analysis. The findings indicate that the management of Scout extracurricular activities at Gudep 05.047-05.048 Umar bin Abdul Aziz Fatimah Az-Zahra Pangkalan SDIT Al-Mumtaz Pontianak can be outlined as follows: (1) Planning, involving mentor meetings at the beginning of each academic year to discuss activity plans; (2) Organization, where the Front Cluster leadership is held by Kamabigus, overseeing the male and female Gudep mentor leaders; (3) Implementation: Overall, the execution of Scout activities at SDIT Al-Mumtaz Pontianak reflects a unique approach and a strong commitment to Islamic values; (4) Supervision, carried out collaboratively by several parties, including mentors, coordinators, and the Deputy Head of Student Affairs.

Human resource development and training are essential to improve the quality and skill level of employees. The field of artificial intelligence focuses on developing the ability of computers to accomplish tasks that can currently be completed faster than humans can. To meet higher standards, Power Generation Companies are improving the quality of Virtual Reality (VR) images. VR can be used as a training medium. In addition, it can improve student understanding, information retention, and skills, and provide an immersive and deep learning experience. The purpose of this study is to determine the process of adaptation or application of AI VR in human resource development in the workplace, the contribution of development, and its utilization for work productivity, especially in the power plant company PT PLN Indonesia Power Suralaya banten province.. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach to the adaptation of AI VR application by explaining the utilization, including the use of design, and AI VR procedures so that it can be adapted in the application of HR development effectively. Reputable national and international journals are used as references for the foundation of the development of this article. The adaptation results in different training modules for employees based on individual skills, job levels, job titles, and desired competencies. The AI tool can then match new projects with employees who have completed training together

The influence of storing almond kernel genotypes derived from reciprocal crosses of ‘Mamaei’ and ‘Marcona’ cultivars (referred to as ‘G1’, ‘G2’, ‘G3’, ‘G4’, ‘G5’ and ‘G6’) on diverse quality parameters, encompassing moisture, ash, protein, oil, carbohydrates, fiber, and total vitamin E was investigated. The kernels were stored for 0, 6, and 12 months at room temperature. The results showed that the highest fresh kernel weight was observed in the ‘Marcona’ parent and two progenies, ‘G5’ and ‘G3’, at harvest time. The highest amounts of soluble carbohydrates were found in the ‘G4’ genotype, while the highest amounts of insoluble carbohydrates were observed in the ‘Mamaei’ parent and ‘G5’ genotype. The highest protein content was found in the ‘Mamaei’ parent and ‘G4’ genotype, while the maximum oil content was observed in the ‘G5’ genotype. The ‘G6’ genotype had the highest amount of total vitamin E. All studied traits showed a decreasing trend during the storage period, with the lowest amounts observed in all selected offspring after one year of storage. The results highlighted variations in traits such as fresh kernel weight, soluble and insoluble carbohydrates, protein, oil, and total vitamin E among different genotypes. Moreover, all traits exhibited a decline in values during storage, emphasizing the importance of selecting high-quality genotypes like ‘G5’ for almond breeding programs.

In almonds (Prunus dulcis), selecting salt-tolerant rootstocks and genotypes is an appropriate breeding strategy. In the present research, we grafted two commercial almond cultivars (‘Sahand’ and ‘TS3’) on the ‘GF677’ rootstock. Then, we monitored the impact of salinity (0.5, 6.5, and 8.5 dS m-1) on the morphological, physiological, and molecular characteristics of the Sahand and TS3 cultivars. The photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll (a, b and total) content, and carotenoid content decreased with increasing salinity levels in both cultivars, with the least decrease observed in TS3. Under a salinity level of 8.5 dS/m, Sahand exhibited the lowest growth (8.9 cm), leaf area (5412.5 mm2), Chla, Chlb, Chltotal and carotenoid contents (0.58, 0.15, 0.74 and 0.31 mg g-1FW, respectively). Additionally, Sahand had a Fm/Fv (0.75), N content (1.33%) and Ca, B, Mg, S, Fe and Zn values of 1654.55, 1.64, 395.28, 168.6, 10.35 and 3.05 mg L-1, respectively. Furthermore, Sahand exhibited the highest MDA level (25.17 nmol g-1FW), TFC (2.95 mg GA g−1FW), Na content (649.84 mg L-1) and Cl content (3.52%). the lowest TFC (1.75 mg GA g−1FW) and the highest NHX1 expression, photosynthesis rate (5.65 μmol m-2 s-1), gs (0.1 mol m-1 s-1) transpiration rate (6.08 mmol m-1 s-1), Ca, S and B content (1903.63, 196.9 and 2.09 mg L-1, respectively) were belonged to TS3 under 0.5 dS/m salinity. Higher levels of Mg and Fe in the TS3 cultivar resulted in the stablization of photosynthetic pigments. Compared to Sahand, TS3 had a higher nitrogen content, and its greater NHX1 expression was a molecular confirmation of its salt tolerance.

Cloud computing infrastructure is designed to deploy and assess service-oriented applications, primarily via cloud datacenters. These datacenters are integral to energy utilization in cloud environments, with energy consumption closely tied to resource utilization. It is important to monitor and predict power consumption in these datacenters, especially for high-demand services. Container-based virtualization, particularly using Docker containers, has gained significant attention due to its lightweight nature. However, predicting energy usage at a fine-grained level for container-based applications is a challenging task. In this study, we employ three time series analysis algorithms—AR, ARIMA, and ETS—to predict the energy usage of Docker containers over the next hour. Utilizing collected time-series power consumption data, our study contributes to enhancing power predictions for Docker containers within cloud infrastructures. Our prediction results focus on four Docker containers, each running multiple applications as Docker subprocesses. Power data for individual applications was aggregated to determine total container power consumption. Comparing the performance of ARIMA, ETS, and AR algorithms in predicting Docker container instance power, we found varying outcomes across containers. Through assessing MAPE across different time series model window lengths, we identified superior performance among the models. Specifically, ETS consistently demonstrated the lowest MAPE values for containers like ‘polinx-container’ and ‘alpines-container’, indicating higher prediction accuracy compared to ARIMA and AR models. The ARIMA model outperformed the ETS and AR models for the ‘progrium container’. These findings underscore the necessity of selecting appropriate time series models tailored to specific Docker container configurations and workload scenarios for precise energy consumption forecasts.

Literary works have the potential to enhance a reader’s internal reservoir of life values without being dismissive. Contemporary Indonesian literature specifically imparts moral messages to its readers. This study aims to explain the moral dimensions present in this literature, utilizing descriptive qualitative methods. Purposive sampling was employed for data collection, covering words, sentences, and discourse representing morals from contemporary Indonesian literary works. This research relies on a literature study for data collection, employing the dialectical method for analysis by oscillating between literary texts and social reality. The findings reveal diverse moral dimensions within contemporary Indonesian literature, each contributing significantly to enriching the reader’s inner repertoire. These moral dimensions include (1) transcendental: aligning oneself to God, (2) struggle against evil (jihad fii sabiilillah), (3) nationalism, (4) getting closer to God (transcendental value), (5) gender equality as respect for women, (6) upholding the dignity of women, (7) remembering God (dhikr), (8) low morale leading to corruption, (9) upholding religion above worldliness, and (10) religious idea: life is a pseudo-game. The study’s implications suggest that contemporary Indonesian literature serves as a significant source for fostering moral values, contributing to readers’ inner development by highlighting themes such as spirituality, societal responsibility, and ethical conduct. This insight can inform educational and cultural initiatives to promote moral awareness and consciousness.

Masyarakat adat merupakan kelompok masyarakat yang rentan terpinggirkan dalam agenda pembangunan manusia. Suku Laut sebagai salah satu kelompok masyarakat adat yang bergantung pada laut dalam kesehariannya akan sangat terancam hak atas lingkungannya di masa krisis iklim. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keselarasan peraturan perundang-undangan mengenai lingkungan di tingkat nasional dan daerah dengan Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goals dan konvensi-konvensi internasional terkait. Penelitian dilakukan secara normatif dengan studi kepustakaan melalui pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku dan pendekatan konseptual atau gagasan, yang kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Konsep perlindungan masyarakat adat dengan hak-hak tradisional termasuk hak lingkungan telah dirumuskan dalam Konstitusi yang diturunkan pada peraturan perundang-undangan di bawahnya sampai ke peraturan daerah tingkat kabupaten. Rancangan Undang-Undang Masyarakat Hukum Adat yang menjadi payung hukum utama tingkat nasional penting untuk memuat ketentuan tentang jaminan hak-hak atas lingkungan sebagai hak tradisional bagi masyarakat yang dapat memberikan perlindungan komprehensif bagi masyarakat adat di tengah krisis iklim.

Indonesia is currently struggling with stunting, wasting, obesity, and micronutrient deficiencies. Nutritional imbalance, which varies by gender, age, and activity level, contributes to these issues. This research developed a food detector with an innovative camera sensor to accurately measure food calories. The study adopted a developmental approach, using a pre-experimental design and “post-test only” research. The study included various food ingredients with calorie counts. Camera sensors were used instead of load cell sensors to weigh food and convert it to calories. Camera sensory testing was done on processed food samples. A number of food image data tests showed high accuracy. With test results close to real data, the device showed promising accuracy. This model system used camera resolution to detect calories, helping people measure and manage their diets in quality and quantity. We hope this technology will continue to improve, making it more accessible and aiding nutritional management.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the concept program of moderate Islamic education at Yayasan Nur Ibrahimy, the integrated schools of SMK Madani and SMA Muhammadiyah 10 Rantauprapat, including the steps, obstacles, support, and efforts involved. This research utilized a qualitative method and was conducted at Senior High School Nur Ibrahimy, the integrated school of SMK Madani, and SMA Muhammadiyah 10 Rantauprapat. The data collection techniques included interviews, field research, and documentation studies. The rolling technique and data analysis involved data reduction, analysis of available data, and conclusion. The research was conducted from May 21, 2023, to February 21, 2024. The research findings at SMK Madani identified four concepts: employing future life skills to combat violence or learning through the principles of Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'ah An-Nahdiyin. At MAS Nur Ibrahimy, the concepts included Islamic brotherhood (ukhuwáh Islámiyah), national brotherhood (ukhuwáh wathániyah), and human brotherhood (ukhuwáh Insániyah). SMA Muhammadiyah 10 focused on two concepts: Islamic education (al-Islam) and Muhammadiyah principles (Kemuhammadiyahan).

Thermal radiations are extensively utilized in the medical sciences, and the investigation of thermal radiation combined with double diffusive phenomena is the burning research area because of its enormous applications in treatment of various diseases. Cilia play significant part in many physiological processes of animal and humans. A novel mathematical prodigy for Prandtl nanofluid with thermal radiations and double diffusion convection by implementing slip at boundaries is presented for cilia induce flow in an asymmetric microchannel. Mathematical scheme for the physiological flow is developed and then pertinent equations are designed exploiting low Reynolds number and long wavelength simplifications. Solution for the physiological nanofluid is gathered by emphasizing on the novel BVP4C technique in MATLAB and resulting outcomes are elaborated with aid of graphical illustrations. Pros and cons of various physical flow parameters like thermal slip parameters, Prandtl fluid parameters, Grashof parameter, Prandtl parameter , Brownian motion parameter, thermal radiation parameter, Brinkmann number, Soret parameter are examined on the velocity, magnetic force function, temperature profile, concentration and nanoparticles volume fraction. It is reported that slip parameter really effects the nanofluid transport within the ciliated microchannel, it reduces the fluid flow, diffusion phenomena of the nanoparticles in the ciliated microchannel surges when radiation parameter is strengthened. The reported investigation will be instrumental in heat radiation effect for regulation of blood circulation to cure the cancer tissues in multiple drug delivery systems and will pave the way for the designs of certain diagnostic and pharmacological devices.

The purpose of this study is to reveal the management of teacher performance management in schools that implement the Semester Credit System (SKS). This study uses a qualitative approach with a multi-site study design, using in-depth interviews, observation, and study of documents in collecting data. Data analysis was carried out in stages. The results showed that teacher performance planning in schools that manage the SKS program includes planning for the needs of the SKS program (needs for materials, facilities, infrastructure, and program facilities as well as the program implementing team), learning planning in the SKS program, planning for placement in the SKS class, planning for mentoring and academic guidance, training planning, capacity building, and budget planning for the SKS program. Second, the implementation of teacher performance is carried out by (a) preparing the needs of the SKS program by forming a team for developing the SKS program curriculum and making SKS program guidelines. The team is chaired by the principal, the waka of the curriculum as program coordinator, and teachers as team members. The team is tasked with preparing program guides, providing academic advisors, creating curriculum structures, determining learning loads, and recommending the number of credits to students. (b) academic tests, psychology, grades V and VI report cards, UN scores for consideration. Placing students in the SKS class in the first semester and determining the SKS program students in the second semester. Provide KRS. (c) Provide academic services in the form of academic guidance, teachers become academic advisors, provide study plan cards (KRS), help students determine credits, make learning tools, analyze student development, and socialize the development of student learning outcomes. (d) making lesson plans, making other teaching tools through the MGMP forum, preparing teaching materials, teaching processes, and teaching assessments. Third, teacher performance evaluation is carried out by the principal on an ongoing basis. Evaluation is carried out through meetings (meetings), briefings, and supervision. Supervision using a format that already exists and is available at school.