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Background: The clinical evidence supports the effective role of some transcription factors in insulin synthesis and secretion. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of 10 weeks of aerobic and resistance exerciseonthe expression of glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) in pancreatic tissue, serum insulin, and glucose concentration in male rats with type II diabetes (T2D). Methods: Type II diabetes was induced in 18 male Wistar rats (weight: 220 ± 10 g) by administering an intraperitoneal (IP) infusion of nicotinamide (110 mg/kg) and streptozotocin (25 mg/kg). The diabetic rats were then randomly assigned into three groups: (1) Control; (2) aerobic exercise; and (3) resistance exercise. The exercises lasted for 10 weeks, 5 times per week for exercise groups. The expression of GLUT2 in pancreatic tissue, serum insulin, and glucose concentration were compared between the groups following the intervention. The data between the groups were compared using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: In comparison to the control group, the resistance and aerobic exercises caused a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose level (P = 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively) and a significant increase in serum insulin (P = 0.001 and P = 0.013, respectively) and expression level of GLUT2 in the pancreas (P = 0.007 and P = 0.001, respectively). No significant difference was observed in the expression of GLUT2 between aerobic and resistance groups (P = 0.485). Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, apart from the effect of other hormonal and genetic components on insulin synthesis, an increase in the serum insulin and a reduction in fasting blood glucose level following the aerobic and resistance exercises can probably be attributed to the increased expression of GLUT2 in response to exercise methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]