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A partir do artigo Despolitização e antipolítica: a extrema-direita na crise da democracia, do Professor Luis Felipe Miguel, nos propomos ao profícuo diálogo, bem como avançar sistematicamente em uma ideia principal: a crise da democracia é um fenômeno que só pode ser compreendido se inserido na dinâmica das relações de produção capitalistas, ou seja, se analisada sob a ótica da luta de classes.

Summary Targetable kinase fusions are extremely rare ( We searched for NTRK1, NTRK2, NTRK3, ALK, ROS1, BRAF, RET, and NRG1 kinase fusions in CRCs using methods easy-to-implement in pathology laboratories: immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), and fully automated real-time PCR targeted analyses. RNA-sequencing analyses were used for confirmation. Among 84 selected MLH1 deficient (IHC) CRCs cases, MLH1loss MSI-High wild-type CRCs consisted first in 19 cases after Idylla™ analyses and finally in 18 cases (21%) after RNA-sequencing (detection of one additional KRASG12D mutation). FISH (and when relevant, IHC) analyses concluded in 5 NTRK1, 3 NTRK3, 1 ALK, 2 BRAF, and 2 RET FISH positive tumors. ALK and NTRK1 rearranged tumors were IHC positive, but pan-TRK IHC was negative in the 3 NTRK3 FISH positive tumors. RNA-sequencing analyses confirmed 12 of 13 fusions with only one false positive RET FISH result. Finally, 12/18 (67%) of MLH1loss MSI-High wild-type CRCs contained targetable kinase fusions. Our study demonstrates the feasibility, but also the cost-effectiveness, of a multistep but rapid diagnostic strategy based on nonsequencing methods to identify rare and targetable kinase fusions in patients with advanced CRCs, as well as the high prevalence of these kinase fusions in MLH1loss MSI-High wild-type CRCs. Nevertheless, confirmatory RNA-sequencing analyses are necessary in case of low FISH positive nuclei percentage to rule out FISH false-positive results.

O texto apresenta o relato do curso de extensão “Revolução cubana: 60 anos depois”, desenvolvido na modalidade virtual por professores(as) e pesquisadores(as). Compreendeu 3 módulos com um total de 11 encontros formativos e uma média de 42 participantes por encontro. Foram desenvolvidas temáticas no âmbito econômico, político, social, cultural e educacional da revolução cubana no percurso de mais de 60 anos. A modalidade virtual implicou em limites pedagógicos, entretanto, os(as) participantes apontaram uma avaliação bastante positiva da experiência. Além da socialização de conteúdos referentes ao tema do curso, a atividade extensionista aqui relatada propiciou uma interação formativa entre os(as) formuladores(as) da proposta, bem como a possibilidade de ações futuras referentes à produção e à socialização de conhecimentos e pesquisas sobre Cuba e sua revolução.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los fundamentos teóricos de la política social en Brasil y Cuba, a la luz de los proyectos societales y perspectivas de desarrollo asumidas por dichos países. La metodología utilizada es la revisión bibliográfica. El artículo está estructurado en tres secciones. Se dedica una sección para abordar, en cada país, los principales fundamentos teóricos de la política social. Finalmente, en las reflexiones finales, se esbozan de forma sintética los principales puntos de ruptura entre estas dos concepciones de política social. Se defiende la idea de que las manifestaciones, casi diametralmente opuestas, que asumen las políticas sociales en Brasil y Cuba están determinadas por sus fundamentos teóricos; los cuales, a su vez, se encuentran determinados esencialmente por las salidas radicalmente diferentes al subdesarrollo construidas por ambos países.

This essay reflects on the implementation of federal government emergency aid in Brazil in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting elements from the work of Social Workers in the context of growing demand for the supply of material provisions. Economic and social conditions in Brazil have particularities that impact the operationalisation of this benefit, which is aimed at the poor, that add complexity and impose limits. When considering the structural limits set, this context imposes challenges on the work of Social Workers. The need to reconnect and enhance the struggle for social rights is emphasised through the different strategies of the working class.

This article analyzes recent changes in Cuba and their interaction with international relations established by the country. Initially, the main changes from the update of the cuban economic and social model are pointed out. Then, the main missions and cooperation that mark the country’s international relations are highlighted. Here, it is mainly concluded that the challenges faced by this revolutionary experience throughout history, such as: the low development of the productive forces, the economic blockade, the Special Period and the recent context of the COVID-19 pandemic; they have been responded to via internal changes that aim to respond to the country’s needs, while at the same time introducing new contradictions to the Cuban societal project. The methodology used was the literature review. O presente artigo analisa as recentes mudanças em Cuba e a interação destas com as relações internacionais estabelecidas pelo país. Inicialmente aponta-se as mudanças principais a partir da atualização do modelo econômico e social cubano. Em seguida, destacam-se as principais missões e cooperações que marcam as relações internacionais do país. Aqui, conclui-se principalmente que os desafios que enfrenta esta experiência revolucionária ao longo da história, como: o baixo desenvolvimento das forças produtivas, o bloqueio econômico, o Período Especial e o recente contexto de pandemia por COVID-19; têm sido respondidos via mudanças internas que objetivam atender às necessidades do país, ao mesmo tempo inserem novas contradições ao projeto societário cubano. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão bibliográfica.

Resume Introduction La lymphangioleiomyomatose (LAM) et l’endometriose sont deux maladies de la femme jeune. La principale complication thoracique est le pneumothorax. Observation Nous rapportons le cas d’une femme de 45 ans ayant presente un pneumothorax droit. Le contexte clinique et les constatations peroperatoires nous ont oriente vers une localisation thoracique de l’endometriose alors que l’histologie de la biopsie pulmonaire et les constats de l’evolution sont en faveur d’une LAM. Cette presentation evoque la coexistence de ces deux maladies, une situation possible mais jamais decrite dans la litterature. Elle pose la question de l’interet d’une biopsie pulmonaire systematique dans l’endometriose thoracique. Conclusions La LAM et l’endometriose semblent etre deux pathologies sous influence hormonale. A ce jour, nous ne savons pas s’il y a un lien entre les deux ou s’il s’agit juste d'une association fortuite.

Lymphagioleiomyomatosis (LAM) and endometriosis are two diseases that occur in young women. The main thoracic complication of both diseases is pneumothorax.We describe the case of a 45-year-old woman who presented with a right-sided pneumothorax. The clinical context and the perioperative findings were suggestive of thoracic endometriosis, while the histology of the pulmonary biopsy and the evolution of her case were in favour of LAM. This presentation indicates the coexistence of the two diseases, which has never previously been described in the literature. The case raises the question as to whether it should be policy to systematically undertake a pulmonary biopsy in cases of thoracic endometriosis.LAM and endometriosis are both diseases under hormonal influence. To date, we do not know if there is any direct link between the two diseases or if the presentation that we describe here occurred by chance.

Summary Context Extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumors (E-GIST) presenting in the liver are exceedingly rare and raise difficult diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Methods We report on two cases of liver E-GIST with different clinical presentations. We describe their clinical and imaging features, their histopathological and molecular characteristics, their treatment and their course. Results The first case was that of a 56-year-old male presenting with a 10-cm liver mass; the initial diagnosis, made in 1986 from a biopsy sample, was leiomyosarcoma; liver transplantation was performed in 1987; no extra-hepatic tumor was found; the course was uneventful until 1999, when tumor recurrence was diagnosed along the initial biopsy route; after reevaluation of available material, the definitive pathological diagnosis was GIST; imatinib treatment resulted in major response; the patient died of end-stage kidney disease 22 years after the initial diagnosis and 9 years after tumor recurrence. The second case is that of a 59-year-old female presenting with a 23-cm abdominal mass connected to the liver; on biopsy, the tumor was diagnosed as epithelioid GIST with exon 11 KIT mutation; imatinib treatment resulted in stable disease. Conclusions The diagnosis of E-GIST must be for any sarcoma presenting in the liver and confirmed by immunohistochemical and molecular techniques. Treatment might require aggressive strategies, which can be successful despite apparently adverse histoprognostic factors.

Extranodal, nasal-type natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (NKCL) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis in which, usually, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is constitutively activated and oncogenic. Here, we demonstrate that STAT3 activation mostly results from constitutive Janus kinase (JAK)3 phosphorylation on tyrosine 980, as observed in three of the four tested NKCL cell lines and in 20 of the 23 NKCL tumor samples under study. In one of the cell lines and in 4 of 19 (21%) NKCL primary tumor samples, constitutive JAK3 activation was related to an acquired mutation (A573V or V722I) in the JAK3 pseudokinase domain. We then show that constitutive activation of the JAK3/STAT3 pathway has a major role in NKCL cell growth and survival and in the invasive phenotype. Indeed, NKCL cell growth was slowed down in vitro by targeting JAK3 with chemical inhibitors or small-interfering RNAs. In a human NKCL xenograft mouse model, tumor growth was significantly delayed by the JAK3 inhibitor CP-690550. Altogether, the constitutive activation of JAK3, which can result from JAK3-activating mutations, is a frequent feature of NKCL that deserves to be tested as a therapeutic target.

Este artigo busca refletir criticamente sobre a implementação das políticas de geração de trabalho e renda no Brasil. Para isso, realizamos um recorte metodológico que articula a configuração do trabalho no modo de produção capitalista, o processo de superexploração do trabalho, ao qual estão submetidas às classes trabalhadoras brasileiras e, a configuração das políticas sociais no Brasil em período neoliberal. Ao final, refletiremos sobre as políticas de geração de trabalho e renda, as quais estão sendo implementadas no Governo do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) com o intuito de responder às demandas imediatas de trabalho e renda, garantindo, sobretudo, a acumulação do capital no país.

Introduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States and worldwide. Biomarker testing is critical to personalized therapy in lung adenocarcinoma and has been extensively investigated in whites and Asians. However, little information addresses the underlying genetic changes among Caribbean and African Caribbean patients. In this study, we identified targetable biomarkers in Caribbean patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: DNA extracted from lung adenocarcinoma specimens collected from 157 patients in whom primary lung adenocarcinoma was diagnosed from 2013 to 2015 in the University Hospital of Martinique was tested for mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR), Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog gene (KRAS), B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase gene (BRAF), phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha gene (PIK3CA), ROS proto-oncogene 1, receptor tyrosine kinase gene (ROS), and MMNG HOS Transforming gene (MET). Clinical characteristics of our patients have been retrospectively gathered and correlated with mutational status. Results: Mutations in EGFR were identified in 57 cases (36%). Women accounted for 68% of patients with mutations versus 38% of those without mutations (p < 0.001). Eighteen percent of patients with mutations were smokers versus 62% of patients without mutations (p < 0.001). Sex, smoking habit, and age were significantly associated with differences in mutational status in univariate analysis, and the difference remained statistically significant in multivariate analysis (p = 0.0411, p = 0.001, and p = 0.0483, respectively). After the analysis was restricted to patients born in the French West Indies, the mutation rates reached 41%. Conclusion: Patients in Martinique, and specifically those of African descent, show very high levels of EGFR mutation as opposed towhat can be found inmainland France or in African Americans. These findings may be ascribed to low tobacco consumption aswell as togenetic factors. Systematic screening in patients of African Caribbean origin should be prescribed.

International audience; Crystal-storing histiocytosis (CSH) is a rare complication of monoclonal gammopathies caused by accumulation of crystalline material inside macrophages, and it may result in a variety of clinical manifestations depending on the involved organs. Although immunoglobulin κ light chains (LCs) seem to be the most frequent pathogenic component, very few molecular data are currently available.A 69-year-old man presented with a very poor performance status. Remarkable features were mesenteric lymph node enlargement and proteinuria, including a monoclonal κ LC. Light and electron microscopy studies revealed the presence of crystals within macrophages in the lymph nodes, bone marrow, and kidney, leading to the diagnosis of CSH. The pathogenic κ LC variable domain sequence was identical to the germline Vk3-2001/Jk201 gene segments, without any somatic mutation, suggesting an extra-follicular B cell proliferation.The patient was successfully treated with 4 cycles of bortezomib and dexamethasone. After a 12-month follow-up, he remains in hematological and renal remission.CSH may present as pseudo-peritoneal carcinomatosis and relate to a monoclonal κ LC encoded by an unmutated gene. Bortezomib-based therapy proved efficacious in this case.