Search

Abstract Background This study aims to investigate the association between dietary insulin index (DII) and load (DIL) with cardiometabolic risk factors and the risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 500 T2DM patients. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and DII and DIL were calculated based on insulin response and energy content. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the odds ratios (ORs) for MetS. Results Participants in the highest quartile of DIL had significantly higher odds of MetS (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.02–4.25, P = 0.039) and hyperglycemia (OR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.08–4.96, P = 0.032). We also discovered that patients in the highest quartile of DII had higher odds of MetS (OR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.08–4.96, P = 0.034) and hyperglycemia (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.04–4.12, P = 0.019). Furthermore, participants in the highest quartile of DIL (OR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.00-2.59, P = 0.03) and DII (OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.05–1.95, P = 0.026) had higher odds of high waist circumference. When it came to hypertriglyceridemia, we found a significant association between DII and DIL only in the crude model, not the fully adjusted model. However, we didn’t observe any significant association between DII and DIL with hypercholesteremia, Low HDL, and high blood pressure (P > 0.05). Conclusion Our study provides evidence suggesting that a higher DII and DIL may be associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic risk factors and MetS in patients with T2DM.

Introduction: There is a high prevalence of hemoglobinopathies, including thalassemia, in Sistan and Baluchistan province of Iran. It is important to appropriately screen young adults to control the birth of new cases of thalassemia. In many less-equipped centers, this practice only relies on cell blood count. This study investigated the hematological parameters of young adults referring to the Central Laboratory of Sistan, Zabol, for premarital screening for thalassemia. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Zabol, Sistan and Baluchistan province of Iran from August 2020 to August 2021. Complete blood count (CBC) parameters of 2926 young adults were collected using a Sysmex KX-21 device and were compared with available reference intervals according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute. Results: The means of women’s and men’s age were 38.84±16.32 and 36.64±14.14 years, respectively. The average values for each parameter in the studied population were red blood cell (RBC) (4.78±0.55), hemoglobin (13.19±2.46 g/dL), hematocrit (40.11±3.57%), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (85.16±28.33), neutrophil (52.12±9.98), lymphocyte (37.84±9.03), mixed leukocytes (10.00±3.51), platelets (244.02±62.32). The mean values of hemoglobin (14.48±5.17 vs. 12.69±1.39 g/dL), hematocrit (43.01±3.89 vs. 38.97±3.45%), serum ferritin (115.4±74.3 vs. 69.20±12.36 g/dL), total iron-binding capacity (316.84±1.38 vs. 320.95±41.01, P=0.01), and serum iron (85.05±28.51 vs. 76.25±28.22, P=0.02) were significantly lower in women than in men. Out of 2,926 people who entered this study, 195 (6.66%) were suspected of having thalassemia because of their low MCV (71.61±7.33 fL) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) (23.67±2.66 pg). Conclusion: The relatively low hemoglobin in females referring for premarital screening for thalassemia awakens healthcare experts to carefully examine these cases for the possibility of thalassemia minor after excluding other common possible reasons such as iron deficiency anemia using iron studies and hemoglobin electrophoresis.

Background and Aim: Giardia duodenalis is one of the most common enteric protozoan parasites in vertebrates, such as humans, domestic and wild animals, causing giardiasis. To the best of our knowledge, little is known about the genetic diversity of G. duodenalis assemblages. This study aimed to identify genetic diversity of G. duodenalis assemblages in Iranian stray dogs. Materials and Methods: A total of 450 fecal samples were collected from 2015 to 2016 from stray dogs of Northwest Iran. All specimens were observed microscopically following concentration and flotation techniques. Subsequently, DNA samples were extracted, amplified, and sequenced targeting the glutamate dehydrogenase gene. Results: The overall prevalence of G. duodenalis in infected dogs was estimated at 1.6%, based on microscopic and molecular diagnoses. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses indicated a high level of genetic diversity of assemblage C (haplotype diversity; 0.802). Conclusion: The pairwise sequence distances between the identified isolates of assemblage C showed an intradiversity of 0.3%-1.3% and identity of 98.7%-100%. Current findings indicate that a significant genetic diversity of G. duodenalis assemblage C haplotypes is unequivocally circulates among stray dogs in Northwest Iran.

Abstract Congenital factor XIII (FXIII) deficiency is an extremely rare bleeding disorder (RBD) with estimated prevalence of one per 2 million in the general population. The disorder causes different clinical manifestations such as intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), recurrent miscarriage, umbilical cord bleeding, etc. High incidence of the disorder might be due to founder effect. To assess founder effect, haplotype analysis is an important step. For this purpose, suitable and reliable genetic markers such as microsatellites (Hum FXIII01 and HumFXIIIA02) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) are suggested. In the present study we tried to describe evaluation of founder effect in patients with congenital FXIII deficiency via haplotype analysis using suitable genetic markers.