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4. Résultats pondéraux et métaboliques à 5 ans d’une chirurgie bariatrique chez des sujets présentant une obésité hypothalamique secondaire à un craniopharyngiome : une étude cas-contrôle du réseau FORCE

Author

Faucher, P., primary, Carette, C., additional, Jannot, A.-S., additional, Gatta-Cherifi, B., additional, Van Straaten, A., additional, Piquet, M.-A., additional, Raverot, G., additional, Alligier, M., additional, Batisse, T., additional, Ziegler, O., additional, Drui, D., additional, Bretault, M., additional, Farigon, N., additional, Karem, S., additional, Genser, L., additional, Poghosyan, T., additional, Vychnevskaia, K., additional, Blanchard, C., additional, Robert, M., additional, Gronnier, C., additional, Leroux, Y., additional, Poitou, C., additional, and Czernichow, S., additional

Published
2022
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6. Impact de la supplémentation en chitine-glucane chez le sujet à risque cardiométabolique : focus sur le métabolisme postprandial et le microbiote intestinal

Author

Ranaivo, H., primary, Zhang, Z., additional, Alligier, M., additional, Lambert-Porcheron, S., additional, Feugier-Favier, N., additional, Cuerq, C., additional, Machon, C., additional, Neyrinck, A., additional, Seethaler, B., additional, Rodriguez, J., additional, Muccioli, G., additional, Maquet, V., additional, Laville, M., additional, Bischoff, S., additional, Walter, J., additional, Delzenne, N., additional, and Nazare, J.-A., additional

Published
2022
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10. Suivi de la cinétique de production d’acides gras à chaîne courte après ingestion de fibre : intérêt des isotopes stables chez l’humain

Author

Meiller, L., primary, Sauvinet, V., additional, Louche-Pélissier, C., additional, Cestre, A., additional, Breyton, A.-E., additional, Lambert-Porcheron, S., additional, Meynier, A., additional, Alligier, M., additional, Laville, M., additional, Delzenne, N., additional, Vinoy, S., additional, and Nazare, J.-A., additional

Published
2021
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18. Signature métabolique de la consommation de son de blé enrichi en 13C, liée à la fermentation intestinale chez l’Homme, par l’analyse des gaz expirés : une étude Fiber-TAG

Author

Breyton, A.-E., primary, Sauvinet, V., additional, Meiller, L., additional, Lambert-Porcheron, S., additional, Machon, C., additional, Mialon, A., additional, Vandenberghe, L., additional, Sothier, M., additional, Normand, S., additional, Meynier, A., additional, Alligier, M., additional, Neyrinck, A., additional, Laville, M., additional, Delzenne, N., additional, Vinoy, S., additional, and Nazare, J.-A., additional

Published
2020
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19. Postprandial Endotoxin Transporters LBP and sCD14 Differ in Obese vs. Overweight and Normal Weight Men during Fat-Rich Meal Digestion

Author

Laugerette, F., Vors, C., Alligier, M., Pineau, G., Drai, J., Knibbe, C., Morio, B., Lambert-Porcheron, S., Laville, M., Vidal, H., Michalski, M. C., Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Grenoble, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Toxicologie [Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud - HCL], Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), INRA, ALFEDIAM-SFD, CNIEL (French Dairy Interbranch Organization), CNIEL, ANR-07-PNRA-0007,FLORINFLAM,Effets modulateurs de fibres alimentaires sur la flore bactérienne et l'inflammation pour la prévention des maladies métaboliques induites par un régime gras.(2007), ANR-06-PNRA-0007,METAPROFILE,METAPROFILE : Recherche de marqueurs précoces des perturbations métaboliques associées à la prise de poids par une approche métabolimique(2006), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Artificial Evolution and Computational Biology (BEAGLE), Laboratoire d'InfoRmatique en Image et Systèmes d'information (LIRIS), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Adult, Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Lipopolysaccharide Receptors, postprandial kinetics, lcsh:TX341-641, Diet, High-Fat, Article, Lbp, [SDV.MHEP.AHA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Obesity, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Cross-Over Studies, Membrane Glycoproteins, Body Weight, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Overweight, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Postprandial Period, sCD14, high-fat diet, Carrier Proteins, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Biomarkers, Acute-Phase Proteins
Abstract

International audience; Circulating levels of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and soluble cluster of differentiation 14 (sCD14) are recognized as clinical markers of endotoxemia. In obese men, postprandial endotoxemia is modulated by the amount of fat ingested, being higher compared to normal-weight (NW) subjects. Relative variations of LBP/sCD14 ratio in response to overfeeding are also considered important in the inflammation set-up, as measured through IL-6 concentration. We tested the hypothesis that postprandial LBP and sCD14 circulating concentrations differed in obese vs. overweight and NW men after a fat-rich meal. We thus analyzed the postprandial kinetics of LBP and sCD14 in the context of two clinical trials involving postprandial tests in normal-, over-weight and obese men. In the first clinical trial eight NW and 8 obese men ingested breakfasts containing 10 vs. 40 g of fat. In the second clinical trial, 18 healthy men were overfed during 8 weeks. sCD14, LBP and Il-6 were measured in all subjects during 5 h after test meal. Obese men presented a higher fasting and postprandial LBP concentration in plasma than NW men regardless of fat load, while postprandial sCD14 was similar in both groups. Irrespective of the overfeeding treatment, we observed postprandial increase of sCD14 and decrease of LBP before and after OF. In obese individuals receiving a 10 g fat load, whereas IL-6 increased 5h after meal, LBP and sCD14 did not increase. No direct association between the postprandial kinetics of endotoxemia markers sCD14 and LBP and of inflammation in obese men was observed in this study.

Published
2020
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23. Odd chain fatty acids:new insights of the relationship between the gut microbiota, dietary intake, biosynthesis and glucose intolerance

Author

Jenkins, B. J. (Benjamin J.), Seyssel, K. (Kevin), Chiu, S. (Sally), Pan, P.-H. (Pin-Ho), Lin, S.-Y. (Shih-Yi), Stanley, E. (Elizabeth), Ament, Z. (Zsuzsanna), West, J. A. (James A.), Summerhill, K. (Keith), Griffin, J. L. (Julian L.), Vetter, W. (Walter), Autio, K. J. (Kaija J.), Hiltunen, K. (Kalervo), Hazebrouck, S. (Stephane), Stepankova, R. (Renata), Chen, C.-J. (Chun-Jung), Alligier, M. (Maud), Laville, M. (Martine), Moore, M. (Mary), Kraft, G. (Guillaume), Cherrington, A. (Alan), King, S. (Sarah), Krauss, R. M. (Ronald M.), de Schryver, E. (Evelyn), Van Veldhoven, P. P. (Paul P.), Ronis, M. (Martin), Koulman, A. (Albert), Jenkins, B. J. (Benjamin J.), Seyssel, K. (Kevin), Chiu, S. (Sally), Pan, P.-H. (Pin-Ho), Lin, S.-Y. (Shih-Yi), Stanley, E. (Elizabeth), Ament, Z. (Zsuzsanna), West, J. A. (James A.), Summerhill, K. (Keith), Griffin, J. L. (Julian L.), Vetter, W. (Walter), Autio, K. J. (Kaija J.), Hiltunen, K. (Kalervo), Hazebrouck, S. (Stephane), Stepankova, R. (Renata), Chen, C.-J. (Chun-Jung), Alligier, M. (Maud), Laville, M. (Martine), Moore, M. (Mary), Kraft, G. (Guillaume), Cherrington, A. (Alan), King, S. (Sarah), Krauss, R. M. (Ronald M.), de Schryver, E. (Evelyn), Van Veldhoven, P. P. (Paul P.), Ronis, M. (Martin), and Koulman, A. (Albert)

Abstract

Recent findings have shown an inverse association between circulating C15:0/C17:0 fatty acids with disease risk, therefore, their origin needs to be determined to understanding their role in these pathologies. Through combinations of both animal and human intervention studies, we comprehensively investigated all possible contributions of these fatty acids from the gut-microbiota, the diet, and novel endogenous biosynthesis. Investigations included an intestinal germ-free study and a C15:0/C17:0 diet dose response study. Endogenous production was assessed through: a stearic acid infusion, phytol supplementation, and a Hacl1−/− mouse model. Two human dietary intervention studies were used to translate the results. Finally, a study comparing baseline C15:0/C17:0 with the prognosis of glucose intolerance. We found that circulating C15:0/C17:0 levels were not influenced by the gut-microbiota. The dose response study showed C15:0 had a linear response, however C17:0 was not directly correlated. The phytol supplementation only decreased C17:0. Stearic acid infusion only increased C17:0. Hacl1−/− only decreased C17:0. The glucose intolerance study showed only C17:0 correlated with prognosis. To summarise, circulating C15:0 and C17:0 are independently derived; C15:0 correlates directly with dietary intake, while C17:0 is substantially biosynthesized, therefore, they are not homologous in the aetiology of metabolic disease. Our findings emphasize the importance of the biosynthesis of C17:0 and recognizing its link with metabolic disease.

Published
2017

24. Nicotinic acid effects on insulin sensitivity and hepatic lipid metabolism: an in vivo to in vitro study

Author

Blond, E., Rieusset, J., Alligier, M., Lambert-Porcheron, S., Bendridi, N., Gabert, L., Chetiveaux, M., Debard, C., Chauvin, M. A., Normand, S., Roth, H., Gouville, A. C., Krempf, M., Vidal, Hubert, Goudable, Joëlle, Laville, M., Niacin\\' Study, Group, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Grenoble, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, GlaxoSmithKline, Les Ulis, France, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)

Subjects
Male, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Clinical Biochemistry, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Lipoproteins, VLDL, Biochemistry, Insulin/*pharmacology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Signal Transduction/drug effects, Triglycerides/metabolism, Insulin, Protein Kinase C, 0303 health sciences, Tumor, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Protein Kinase C/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Hepatocytes/drug effects/metabolism, 3. Good health, Liver, Diglycerides/metabolism, Signal Transduction, Niacin/administration & dosage/*pharmacology, medicine.medical_specialty, Lipid Metabolism/*drug effects, Lipoproteins, Niacin, Cell Line, Diglycerides, 03 medical and health sciences, Insulin resistance, Internal medicine, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, Humans, Animals, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Triglycerides, 030304 developmental biology, Diacylglycerol kinase, Liver/*metabolism, Triglyceride, Biochemistry (medical), VLDL/metabolism, Metabolism, medicine.disease, Lipid Metabolism, Insulin receptor, Kinetics, chemistry, Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology, biology.protein, Hepatocytes, Metabolic syndrome, Lipid profile
Abstract

International audience; Our aim was to characterize the effects and the underlying mechanisms of the lipid-regulating agent Niaspan((R)) on both insulin action and triglyceride decrease in 20 nondiabetic, dyslipidemic men with metabolic syndrome receiving Niaspan((R)) (2 g/day) or placebo for 8 weeks in a randomized, cross-over study. The effects on plasma lipid profile were characterized at the beginning and the end of each treatment period; insulin sensitivity was assessed using the 2-step euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp and VLDL-triglyceride turnover by measuring plasma glycerol enrichment, both at the end of each treatment period. The mechanism of action of nicotinic acid was studied in HuH7 and mouse primary hepatocytes. Lipid profile was improved after Niaspan((R)) treatment with a significant-28% decrease in triglyceride levels, a+17% increase in HDL-C concentration and unchanged levels of fasting nonesterified fatty acid. VLDL-tri-glyceride production rate was markedly reduced after Niaspan((R)) (-68%). However, the treatment induced hepatic insulin resistance, as assessed by reduced inhibition of endogenous glucose production by insulin (0.7+/-0.4 vs. 1.0+/-0.5 mg/kg . min, p\textless0.05) and decrease in fasting hepatic insulin sensitivity index (4.8+/-1.8 vs. 3.2+/-1.6, p\textless0.05) in the Niaspan((R)) condition. Nicotinic acid also reduced insulin action in HuH7 and primary hepatocytes, independently of the activation of hepatic PKCepsilon. This effect was associated with an increase in diacylglycerol and a decrease in tri-glyceride contents that occurred in the absence of modification of DGAT2 expression and activity. Eight weeks of Niaspan((R)) treatment in dyslipidemic patients with metabolic syndrome induce hepatic insulin resistance. The mechanism could involve an accumulation of diacylglycerol and an alteration of insulin signaling in hepatocytes.

Published
2014
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25. Characterization of the early molecular events of adipose tissue development during overfeeding in humans

Author

Alligier, M., Meugnier, Emmanuelle, Debard, Cyrille, Lambert-Porcheron, Stéphanie, Sothier, Monique, Loizon, Emmanuelle, Pilleul, Franck, Morio, Béatrice, Vidal, Hubert, Laville, Martine, European Center for Nutrition and Health (CENS), Mécanisme Moléculaire du Diabète (MMD), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], obesity, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, adipose tissue
Abstract

International audience

Published
2011

26. Caractérisation des mécanismes impliqués dans les altérations métaboliques liées à la prise de poids au cours d’un protocole de surnutrition chez l’homme

Author

Alligier, M., Gabert, L., Sothier, M., Pilleul, F., Meugnier-Fouilloux, Emmanuelle, Lambert-Porcheron, Stéphanie, Desage, M., Vidal, Hubert, Laville, M., Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Mécanisme Moléculaire du Diabète (MMD), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Régulations métaboliques, nutrition et diabètes (RMND), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2011

28. O03 La régulation du métabolisme énergétique dans le muscle squelettique au cours d’une surnutrition hyperlipidique chez l’homme sain

Author

Seyssel, K., primary, Alligier, M., additional, Meugnier, E., additional, Chanseaume, E., additional, Canto, C., additional, Disse, E., additional, Lambert-Porcheron, S., additional, Brozek, J., additional, Blond, E., additional, Rieusset, J., additional, Morio, B., additional, Laville, M., additional, and Vidal, H., additional

Published
2013
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36. OBEDIS core variables project: European expert guidelines on a minimal core set of variables to include in randomized, controlled clinical trials of obesity interventions

Author

Alligier, M. (Maud)

Subjects
Obesity, Interventions, Variables, Precision medicine, Stratification
Abstract

Heterogeneity of interindividual and intraindividual responses to interventions is often observed in randomized, controlled trials for obesity. To address the global epidemic of obesity and move toward more personalized treatment regimens, the global research community must come together to identify factors that may drive these heterogeneous responses to interventions. This project, called OBEDIS (OBEsity Diverse Interventions Sharing – focusing on dietary and other interventions), provides a set of European guidelines for a minimal set of variables to include in future clinical trials on obesity, regardless of the specific endpoints. Broad adoption of these guidelines will enable researchers to harmonize and merge data from multiple intervention studies, allowing stratification of patients according to precise phenotyping criteria which are measured using standardized methods. In this way, studies across Europe may be pooled for better prediction of individuals’ responses to an intervention for obesity – ultimately leading to better patient care and improved obesity outcomes.

Published
2020

37. Odd Chain Fatty Acids; New Insights of the Relationship Between the Gut Microbiota, Dietary Intake, Biosynthesis and Glucose Intolerance

Author

Jenkins, BJ, Seyssel, K, Chiu, S, Pan, P-H, Lin, S-Y, Stanley, E, Ament, Z, West, JA, Summerhill, K, Griffin, JL, Vetter, W, Autio, KJ, Hiltunen, K, Hazebrouck, S, Stepankova, R, Chen, C-J, Alligier, M, Laville, M, Moore, M, Kraft, G, Cherrington, A, King, S, Krauss, RM, De Schryver, E, Van Veldhoven, PP, Ronis, M, and Koulman, A

Subjects
2. Zero hunger, stomatognathic diseases, endocrine system, lipidomics, predictive markers, 3. Good health
Abstract

Recent findings have shown an inverse association between circulating C15:0/C17:0 fatty acids with disease risk, therefore, their origin needs to be determined to understanding their role in these pathologies. Through combinations of both animal and human intervention studies, we comprehensively investigated all possible contributions of these fatty acids from the gut-microbiota, the diet, and novel endogenous biosynthesis. Investigations included an intestinal germ-free study and a C15:0/C17:0 diet dose response study. Endogenous production was assessed through: a stearic acid infusion, phytol supplementation, and a Hacl1$^{−/−}$ mouse model. Two human dietary intervention studies were used to translate the results. Finally, a study comparing baseline C15:0/C17:0 with the prognosis of glucose intolerance. We found that circulating C15:0/C17:0 levels were not influenced by the gut-microbiota. The dose response study showed C15:0 had a linear response, however C17:0 was not directly correlated. The phytol supplementation only decreased C17:0. Stearic acid infusion only increased C17:0. Hacl1$^{−/−}$ only decreased C17:0. The glucose intolerance study showed only C17:0 correlated with prognosis. To summarise, circulating C15:0 and C17:0 are independently derived; C15:0 correlates directly with dietary intake, while C17:0 is substantially biosynthesized, therefore, they are not homologous in the aetiology of metabolic disease. Our findings emphasize the importance of the biosynthesis of C17:0 and recognizing its link with metabolic disease.

39. OBEDIS Core Variables Project: European Expert Guidelines on a Minimal Core Set of Variables to Include in Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trials of Obesity Interventions

Author

António L. Palmeira, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, Martin Neovius, Martine Laville, Mikael Rydén, Andrea Natali, Maud Alligier, Romain Barrès, Kristina Campbell, David Jacobi, I. Sadaf Farooqi, Jean-Michel Oppert, Helen M. Roche, André Scheen, Karine Clément, Ellen E. Blaak, Yves Boirie, Gijs H. Goossens, Jason C.G. Halford, Luc Tappy, Nathalie Farpour-Lambert, Hannele Yki-Järvinen, Uberto Pagotto, Chantal Simon, Jörg Hager, Jildau Bouwman, Paul Brunault, Gema Frühbeck, Dominique Langin, Olivier Ziegler, Chantal Julia, Hans Hauner, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (CBMR), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht University [Maastricht], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), TNO Science and Industry, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Tours (UT), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), KC Microbiome Communications Group, Nutrition et obésités: approches systémiques (nutriomics) (UMR-S 1269 INSERM - Sorbonne Université), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), NIHR Biomedical Research Centre [London], Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust-King‘s College London, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Clínica Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona], Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA [Lausanne, Switzerland], University of Liverpool, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Klinikums rechts der Isar, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN), unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax UMR1087 UMR6291 (ITX), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna (UNIBO), Université de Lisbonne, University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège (CHU-Liège), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, University of Helsinki, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Joint Programming Initiative Heathy Diet for Healthy Life, Alligier M., Barres R., Blaak E.E., Boirie Y., Bouwman J., Brunault P., Campbell K., Clement K., Farooqi I.S., Farpour-Lambert N.J., Fruhbeck G., Goossens G.H., Hager J., Halford J.C.G., Hauner H., Jacobi D., Julia C., Langin D., Natali A., Neovius M., Oppert J.M., Pagotto U., Palmeira A.L., Roche H., Ryden M., Scheen A.J., Simon C., Sorensen T.I.A., Tappy L., Yki-Jarvinen H., Ziegler O., Laville M., FCRIN/FORCE Network, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Novo Nordisk, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Unité de Nutrition Humaine - Clermont Auvergne (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Nutrition clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gabriel Montpied, TNO,Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, UMR U 1253, Université de Tours, Nutrition et obésité : approches systémiques, Sorbonne Université, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Service of Therapeutic Education for Chronic Diseases, Department of Community Health, Primary Care and Emergency, Geneva University Hospitals, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Navarra Public Health Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición - Biomedical Research Center in Red-Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), University of Navarra, University of Cape Town, Metabolic Phenotyping, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool (University of Liverpool), Institut für Ernährungsmedizin des Klinikums Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Institut du Thorax, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Department of Medicine (Solna), Nutrition, Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Padova, CIPER, PANO-SR, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin (UCD), Department of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Diabètes, Nutrition et maladies métaboliques, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Physiologie, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Endocrinologie, Diabetes et Nutrition, Hôpital Brabois, Maastricht University [Maastricht]-Maastricht University [Maastricht], Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Nutrition et obésités: approches systémiques (UMR-S 1269) (Nutriomics), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax (ITX-lab), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, HUS Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation, Humane Biologie, and RS: NUTRIM - R1 - Obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular health

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Research design, Gerontology, Health (social science), Psychological intervention, Choice Behavior, 0302 clinical medicine, QUALITY-OF-LIFE, OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA, Medicine, Medical History Taking, lcsh:RC620-627, Interventions, METABOLIC SYNDROME, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, ddc:616, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Precision medicine, Prognosis, C-REACTIVE PROTEIN, 3. Good health, Europe, lcsh:Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE, Research Design, Variable, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Human, Prognosi, education, WEIGHT-LOSS, lcsh:TX341-641, Intervention, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, GASTRIC BYPASS-SURGERY, Guidelines, Patient care, 03 medical and health sciences, Variables, Physiology (medical), Humans, CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE, Obesity, Expert Testimony, Core set, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, business.industry, Stratification, medicine.disease, Diet, BODY-MASS INDEX, Clinical trial, PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY, Biological Variation, Population, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Metabolic syndrome, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

Heterogeneity of interindividual and intraindividual responses to interventions is often observed in randomized, controlled trials for obesity. To address the global epidemic of obesity and move toward more personalized treatment regimens, the global research community must come together to identify factors that may drive these heterogeneous responses to interventions. This project, called OBEDIS (OBEsity Diverse Interventions Sharing - focusing on dietary and other interventions), provides a set of European guidelines for a minimal set of variables to include in future clinical trials on obesity, regardless of the specific endpoints. Broad adoption of these guidelines will enable researchers to harmonize and merge data from multiple intervention studies, allowing stratification of patients according to precise phenotyping criteria which are measured using standardized methods. In this way, studies across Europe may be pooled for better prediction of individuals' responses to an intervention for obesity - ultimately leading to better patient care and improved obesity outcomes. © 2020 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.

Published
2020
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40. Acute and repeated impact of sweeteners and sweetness enhancers in solid and semi-solid foods on appetite: protocol for a multicentre, cross-over, RCT in people with overweight/obesity - the SWEET Project.

Author

Gibbons C, O'Hara B, O'Connor D, Hardman C, Wilton M, Harrold JA, Almiron-Roig E, Navas-Carretero S, Hodgkins CE, Nazare JA, Alligier M, Martínez JA, Scott C, Kjølbæk L, Normand M, Rannou C, Blaak EE, Feskens E, Moshoyiannis H, Raben A, Halford JCG, Beaulieu K, and Finlayson G

Subjects
Humans, Overweight, Taste, Energy Intake, Obesity metabolism, Sugars, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Sweetening Agents, Appetite
Abstract

Introduction: Intake of free sugars in European countries is high and attempts to reduce sugar intake have been mostly ineffective. Non-nutritive sweeteners and sweetness enhancers (S&SEs) can maintain sweet taste in the absence of energy, but little is known about the impact of acute and repeated consumption of S&SE in foods on appetite. This study aims to evaluate the effect of acute and repeated consumption of two individual S&SEs and two S&SE blends in semisolid and solid foods on appetite and related behavioural, metabolic and health outcomes., Methods and Analysis: A work package of the SWEET Project; this study consists of five double-blind randomised cross-over trials which will be carried out at five sites across four European countries, aiming to have n=213. Five food matrices will be tested across three formulations (sucrose-sweetened control vs two reformulated products with S&SE blends and no added sugar). Participants (body mass index 25-35 kg/m 2 ; aged 18-60 years) will consume each formulation for 14 days. The primary endpoint is composite appetite score (hunger, inverse of fullness, desire to eat and prospective food consumption) over a 3-hour postprandial incremental area under the curve during clinical investigation days on days 1 and 14., Ethics and Dissemination: The trial has been approved by national ethical committees and will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Results will be published in international peer-reviewed open-access scientific journals. Research data from the trial will be deposited in an open-access online research data archive., Trial Registration Number: NCT04633681., Competing Interests: Competing interests: JCGH, JAH and CH are in receipt of research funding from the American Beverage Association. CH has received honoraria from the International Sweeteners Association. AR has received honoraria from Unilever and the International Sweeteners Association. CEH’s research centre provides consultancy to and has received travel funds to present research results from organisations supported by food and drink companies. CS is a paid employee of Cargill., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Published
2022
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41. Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Food Consumption and Behavior in France (COVISTRESS Study).

Author

Pouget M, Clinchamps M, Lambert C, Pereira B, Farigon N, Gentes E, Miolanne M, Picard M, Tyrode A, Alligier M, Covistress Network, Dutheil F, and Boirie Y

Subjects
Communicable Disease Control, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Life Style, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 prevention & control
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdowns modified work environments, lifestyles, and food consumption. Eating habits and mood changes in a French population during the first lockdown were examined using an online self-reported questionnaire with REDCap software through the COVISTRESS.ORG website. In 671 French participants, the main changes during lockdown were increased stress levels (64 [23; 86] vs. 3 [0; 18]) and sedentary behavior (7 [4; 9] vs. 5 [3; 8] hours per day), a deterioration in sleep quality (50 [27; 83] vs. 70 [48; 94]) and mood (50 [30; 76] vs. 78 [50; 92]), and less physical activity (2.0 [0.5; 5.0] vs. 3.5 [2.0; 6.0]). Mood was modified, with more anger (56 [39; 76] vs. 31 [16; 50]), more sadness (50 [34; 72] vs. 28 [16; 50]), more agitation (50 [25; 66] vs. 43 [20; 50]), and more boredom (32 [7; 60] vs. 14 [3; 29]). A total of 25% of the participants increased their consumption of alcoholic beverages, 29% their consumption of sugary foods, and 26% their consumption of cocktail snacks. A multiple-correspondence analysis highlights four different profiles according to changes in eating habits, food consumption, lifestyle, and mood. In conclusion, eating habits and lifestyle changes during lockdown periods should be carefully monitored to promote healthy behaviors.

Published
2022
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42. Five-Year Changes in Weight and Diabetes Status After Bariatric Surgery for Craniopharyngioma-Related Hypothalamic Obesity: a Case-Control Study.

Author

Faucher P, Carette C, Jannot AS, Gatta-Cherifi B, Van Straaten A, Piquet MA, Raverot G, Alligier M, Batisse T, Ziegler O, Drui D, Bretault M, Farigon N, Slim K, Genser L, Poghosyan T, Vychnevskaia K, Blanchard C, Robert M, Gronnier C, Poitou C, and Czernichow S

Subjects
Adult, Case-Control Studies, Gastrectomy, Humans, Obesity complications, Obesity surgery, Retrospective Studies, Weight Loss, Bariatric Surgery, Craniopharyngioma complications, Craniopharyngioma surgery, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 complications, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 surgery, Gastric Bypass, Obesity, Morbid surgery, Pituitary Neoplasms complications, Pituitary Neoplasms surgery
Abstract

Purpose: Craniopharyngiomas are tumors located in the hypothalamic region which leads to obesity in about 50% of cases. Long-term efficacy and safety of bariatric surgery are lacking in this peculiar population. The aim of this study is to determine the 5-year weight loss and resolution of type 2 diabetes (T2D) after bariatric surgery in patients operated on craniopharyngioma who had developed hypothalamic obesity., Materials and Methods: This is a multicenter french retrospective case-control study. Subjects with craniopharyngioma (n = 23) who underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG) (n = 9) or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) (n = 14) (median age 35 years [25;43] and BMI 44.2 kg/m 2 [40.7; 51.0]; 8/23 with T2D) were individually matched to 2 subjects with common obesity for age, gender, preoperative body mass index, T2D, and type of surgery., Results: TWL% after 1 and 5 years was lower in the craniopharyngioma group than in the control group: 23.1 [15.4; 31.1] (23/23) vs 31.4 [23.9; 35.3] at 1 year (p = 0.008) (46/46) and 17.8 [7.1; 21.9] (23/23) vs 26.2 [18.9; 33.9] at 5 years (p = 0.003) (46/46). After RYGB, TWL% was lower in the craniopharyngioma group compared to the control group (p < 0.001) and comparable after SG both at 1 and 5 years. No difference between the two groups was observed in T2D remission rate and in early and late adverse events. No hormonal deficiency-related acute disease was reported., Conclusions: Bariatric surgery induced a significant weight loss in the craniopharyngioma group at 1 and 5 years, but less than in common obesity. SG may be more effective than RYGB but this remains to be demonstrated in a larger cohort., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Published
2022
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43. Chitin-glucan supplementation improved postprandial metabolism and altered gut microbiota in subjects at cardiometabolic risk in a randomized trial.

Author

Ranaivo H, Zhang Z, Alligier M, Van Den Berghe L, Sothier M, Lambert-Porcheron S, Feugier N, Cuerq C, Machon C, Neyrinck AM, Seethaler B, Rodriguez J, Roumain M, Muccioli GG, Maquet V, Laville M, Bischoff SC, Walter J, Delzenne NM, and Nazare JA

Subjects
Humans, Bacteria, Blood Glucose analysis, Chitin metabolism, Dietary Fiber analysis, Dietary Supplements, Feces microbiology, Glucans metabolism, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S analysis, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Cardiovascular Diseases, Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Abstract

Chitin-glucan (CG), an insoluble dietary fiber, has been shown to improve cardiometabolic disorders associated with obesity in mice. Its effects in healthy subjects has recently been studied, revealing its interaction with the gut microbiota. In this double-blind, randomized, cross-over, twice 3-week exploratory study, we investigated the impacts of CG on the cardiometabolic profile and gut microbiota composition and functions in 15 subjects at cardiometabolic risk. They consumed as a supplement 4.5 g of CG daily or maltodextrin as control. Before and after interventions, fasting and postprandial metabolic parameters and exhaled gases (hydrogen [H 2 ] and methane [CH 4 ]) were evaluated. Gut microbiota composition (16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis), fecal concentrations of bile acids, long- and short-chain fatty acids (LCFA, SCFA), zonulin, calprotectin and lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) were analyzed. Compared to control, CG supplementation increased exhaled H 2 following an enriched-fiber breakfast ingestion and decreased postprandial glycemia and triglyceridemia response to a standardized test meal challenge served at lunch. Of note, the decrease in postprandial glycemia was only observed in subjects with higher exhaled H 2 , assessed upon lactulose breath test performed at inclusion. CG decreased a family belonging to Actinobacteria phylum and increased 3 bacterial taxa: Erysipelotrichaceae UCG.003, Ruminococcaceae UCG.005 and Eubacterium ventriosum group. Fecal metabolites, inflammatory and intestinal permeability markers did not differ between groups. In conclusion, we showed that CG supplementation modified the gut microbiota composition and improved postprandial glycemic response, an early determinant of cardiometabolic risk. Our results also suggest breath H 2 production as a non-invasive parameter of interest for predicting the effectiveness of dietary fiber intervention., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Published
2022
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44. Guidelines on Standard and Therapeutic Diets for Adults in Hospitals by the French Association of Nutritionist Dieticians (AFDN) and the French Speaking Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (SFNCM).

Author

Vaillant MF, Alligier M, Baclet N, Capelle J, Dousseaux MP, Eyraud E, Fayemendy P, Flori N, Guex E, Hennequin V, Lavandier F, Martineau C, Morin MC, Mokaddem F, Parmentier I, Rossi-Pacini F, Soriano G, Verdier E, Zeanandin G, and Quilliot D

Subjects
Consensus, Delphi Technique, Feeding Behavior, France, Humans, Inpatients, Meals, Nutritional Status, Nutritive Value, Policy Making, Recommended Dietary Allowances, Diet, Healthy standards, Food Service, Hospital standards, Nutrition Policy, Nutrition Therapy standards
Abstract

Aim: Hospital food provision is subject to multiple constraints (meal production, organization, health safety, environmental respect) which influence the meal tray offered to the patient. Multiple diets can add complexity and contribute to non-consumption of the meal. To avoid undernutrition, it appeared necessary to propose guidelines for foods and diets in hospitals., Methods: These guidelines were developed using the Delphi method, as recommended by the HAS (French Health Authority), based on a formal consensus of experts and led by a group of practitioners and dieticians from the AFDN (French Association of Nutritionist Dieticians) and SFNCM (French Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism)., Results: Twenty-three recommendations were deemed appropriate and validated by a panel of 50 national experts, following three rounds of consultations, modifications and final strong agreement. These recommendations aim to define in adults: 1-harmonized vocabulary related to food and diets in hospitals; 2-quantitative and qualitative food propositions; 3-nutritional prescriptions; 4-diet patterns and patient adaptations; 5-streamlining of restrictions to reduce unnecessary diets and without scientific evidence; 6-emphasizing the place of an enriched and adapted diet for at-risk and malnourished patients., Conclusion: These guidelines will enable catering services and health-care teams to rationalize hospital food and therapeutic food prescriptions in order to focus on individual needs and tasty foods. All efforts should be made to create meals that follow these recommendations while promoting the taste quality of the dishes and their presentation such that the patient rediscovers the pleasure of eating in the hospital.

Published
2021
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45. A series of severe neurologic complications after bariatric surgery in France: the NEUROBAR Study.

Author

Alligier M, Borel AL, Savey V, Rives-Lange C, Brindisi MC, Piguel X, Nocca D, Monsaingeon-Henry M, Montastier E, Beliard S, Bossu Estour C, Verkindt H, Coupaye M, Lemoine A, Pierre A, Laville M, Disse E, and Bétry C

Subjects
Female, France epidemiology, Humans, Male, Postoperative Complications etiology, Pregnancy, Retrospective Studies, Bariatric Surgery adverse effects, Gastric Bypass, Obesity, Morbid surgery
Abstract

Background: Neurologic complications after bariatric surgery are rare, but can have dramatic consequences. Little data are available on this topic., Objectives: The aim of the Neurologic complications after BARiatric surgery (NEUROBAR) study was to define, which factors (anthropometric, nutritional, surgical, etc.) were frequently associated with neurologic complications after bariatric surgery., Settings: Data were collected by the French Centers of Obesity Care Management hosted in University Hospitals., Methods: An online standardized questionnaire was designed and submitted to the 37 French Centers of Obesity Management. This questionnaire included items about patient characteristics, bariatric surgery, neurologic complications, nutritional status, and management. Patients were retrospectively included from January 2010 to November 2018., Results: Thirteen centers included 38 patients (34 females and 4 males) with neurologic complications after bariatric surgery. The 2 main bariatric procedures were gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy. More than half of the patients with neurologic complications had a surgical complication after bariatric surgery (53%) and gastrointestinal symptoms, including vomiting (53%). Vitamin B deficiencies were frequent (74%) including at least 47% of cases with deficiency in Vitamin B1., Conclusion: Early identification of patients with surgical complications and gastrointestinal symptoms after bariatric surgery could help prevent neurologic complications related to nutritional deficiencies., (Copyright © 2020 American Society for Bariatric Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2020
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46. Development of a Repertoire and a Food Frequency Questionnaire for Estimating Dietary Fiber Intake Considering Prebiotics: Input from the FiberTAG Project.

Author

Neyrinck AM, Nazare JA, Rodriguez J, Jottard R, Dib S, Sothier M, Berghe LVD, Alligier M, Alexiou H, Maquet V, Vinoy S, Bischoff SC, Walter J, Laville M, and Delzenne NM

Subjects
Adult, Female, Germany, Humans, Male, Young Adult, Dietary Fiber administration & dosage, Dietary Fiber statistics & numerical data, Prebiotics administration & dosage, Prebiotics statistics & numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires
Abstract

Most official food composition tables and food questionnaires do not provide enough data to assess fermentable dietary fibers (DF) that can exert a health effect through their interaction with the gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to develop a database and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) allowing detailed DF intake estimation including prebiotic (oligo)saccharides. A repertoire of DF detailing total, soluble DF, insoluble DF and prebiotic (oligo)saccharides (inulin-type fructans, fructo-oligosaccharides and galacto-oligosaccharides) in food products consumed in Europe has been established. A 12 month FFQ was developed and submitted to 15 healthy volunteers from the FiberTAG study. Our data report a total DF intake of 38 g/day in the tested population. Fructan and fructo-oligosaccharides intake, linked notably to condiments (garlic and onions) ingestion, reached 5 and 2 g/day, respectively, galacto-oligosaccharides intake level being lower (1 g/day). We conclude that the FiberTAG repertoire and FFQ are major tools for the evaluation of the total amount of DF including prebiotics. Their use can be helpful in intervention or observational studies devoted to analyze microbiota-nutrient interactions in different pathological contexts, as well as to revisit DF intake recommendations as part of healthy lifestyles considering specific DF.

Published
2020
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47. Prevalence of obesity among adult inpatients with COVID-19 in France.

Author

Caussy C, Pattou F, Wallet F, Simon C, Chalopin S, Telliam C, Mathieu D, Subtil F, Frobert E, Alligier M, Delaunay D, Vanhems P, Laville M, Jourdain M, and Disse E

Subjects
Adult, Aged, COVID-19, Coronavirus Infections diagnosis, Coronavirus Infections therapy, Female, France epidemiology, Humans, Inpatients, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity diagnosis, Obesity therapy, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral diagnosis, Pneumonia, Viral therapy, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, SARS-CoV-2, Betacoronavirus, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Hospitalization trends, Obesity epidemiology, Pneumonia, Viral epidemiology
Published
2020
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48. Postprandial Endotoxin Transporters LBP and sCD14 Differ in Obese vs. Overweight and Normal Weight Men during Fat-Rich Meal Digestion.

Author

Laugerette F, Vors C, Alligier M, Pineau G, Drai J, Knibbe C, Morio B, Lambert-Porcheron S, Laville M, Vidal H, and Michalski MC

Subjects
Acute-Phase Proteins genetics, Adult, Biomarkers blood, Carrier Proteins genetics, Cross-Over Studies, Humans, Lipopolysaccharide Receptors genetics, Male, Membrane Glycoproteins genetics, Obesity blood, Body Weight, Carrier Proteins blood, Diet, High-Fat adverse effects, Lipopolysaccharide Receptors blood, Membrane Glycoproteins blood, Overweight blood, Postprandial Period
Abstract

Circulating levels of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and soluble cluster of differentiation 14 (sCD14) are recognized as clinical markers of endotoxemia. In obese men, postprandial endotoxemia is modulated by the amount of fat ingested, being higher compared to normal-weight (NW) subjects. Relative variations of LBP/sCD14 ratio in response to overfeeding are also considered important in the inflammation set-up, as measured through IL-6 concentration. We tested the hypothesis that postprandial LBP and sCD14 circulating concentrations differed in obese vs. overweight and NW men after a fat-rich meal. We thus analyzed the postprandial kinetics of LBP and sCD14 in the context of two clinical trials involving postprandial tests in normal-, over-weight and obese men. In the first clinical trial eight NW and 8 obese men ingested breakfasts containing 10 vs. 40 g of fat. In the second clinical trial, 18 healthy men were overfed during 8 weeks. sCD14, LBP and Il-6 were measured in all subjects during 5 h after test meal. Obese men presented a higher fasting and postprandial LBP concentration in plasma than NW men regardless of fat load, while postprandial sCD14 was similar in both groups. Irrespective of the overfeeding treatment, we observed postprandial increase of sCD14 and decrease of LBP before and after OF. In obese individuals receiving a 10 g fat load, whereas IL-6 increased 5h after meal, LBP and sCD14 did not increase. No direct association between the postprandial kinetics of endotoxemia markers sCD14 and LBP and of inflammation in obese men was observed in this study.

Published
2020
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49. Adipose Tissue Expansion by Overfeeding Healthy Men Alters Iron Gene Expression.

Author

Segrestin B, Moreno-Navarrete JM, Seyssel K, Alligier M, Meugnier E, Nazare JA, Vidal H, Fernandez-Real JM, and Laville M

Subjects
Adult, Apoferritins blood, Apoferritins metabolism, Biomarkers blood, Cation Transport Proteins metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation physiology, Healthy Volunteers, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Membrane Proteins metabolism, Overnutrition etiology, Retrospective Studies, Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 metabolism, Subcutaneous Fat diagnostic imaging, Weight Gain physiology, Young Adult, Ferroportin, Adiposity physiology, Iron metabolism, Lipogenesis physiology, Overnutrition physiopathology, Subcutaneous Fat metabolism
Abstract

Context: Iron overload has been associated with greater adipose tissue (AT) depots. We retrospectively studied the potential interactions between iron and AT during an experimental overfeeding in participants without obesity., Methods: Twenty-six participants (mean body mass index ± SD, 24.7 ± 3.1 kg/m2) underwent a 56-day overfeeding (+760 kcal/d). Serum iron biomarkers (ELISA), subcutaneous AT (SAT) gene expression, and abdominal AT distribution assessed by MRI were analyzed at the beginning and the end of the intervention., Results: Before intervention: SAT mRNA expression of the iron transporter transferrin (Tf) was positively correlated with the expression of genes related to lipogenesis (lipin 1, ACSL1) and lipid storage (SCD). SAT expression of the ferritin light chain (FTL) gene, encoding ferritin (FT), an intracellular iron storage protein, was negatively correlated to SREBF1, a gene related to lipogenesis. Serum FT (mean, 92 ± 57 ng/mL) was negatively correlated with the expression of SAT genes linked to lipid storage (SCD, DGAT2) and to lipogenesis (SREBF1, ACSL1). After intervention: Overfeeding led to a 2.3 ± 1.3-kg weight gain. In parallel to increased expression of lipid storage-related genes (mitoNEET, SCD, DGAT2, SREBF1), SAT Tf, SLC40A1 (encoding ferroportin 1, a membrane iron export channel) and hephaestin mRNA levels increased, whereas SAT FTL mRNA decreased, suggesting increased AT iron requirement. Serum FT decreased to 67 ± 43 ng/mL. However, no significant associations between serum iron biomarkers and AT distribution or expansion were observed., Conclusion: In healthy men, iron metabolism gene expression in SAT is associated with lipid storage and lipogenesis genes expression and is modulated during a 56-day overfeeding diet.

Published
2019
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50. Evidence-based practice within nutrition: what are the barriers for improving the evidence and how can they be dealt with?

Author

Laville M, Segrestin B, Alligier M, Ruano-Rodríguez C, Serra-Majem L, Hiesmayr M, Schols A, La Vecchia C, Boirie Y, Rath A, Neugebauer EAM, Garattini S, Bertele V, Kubiak C, Demotes-Mainard J, Jakobsen JC, Djurisic S, and Gluud C

Subjects
Databases, Factual, Diet, Endpoint Determination, Humans, Nutrition Assessment, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Registries, Treatment Outcome, Evidence-Based Medicine methods, Nutrition Therapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic methods, Research Design
Abstract

Background: Evidence-based clinical research poses special barriers in the field of nutrition. The present review summarises the main barriers to research in the field of nutrition that are not common to all randomised clinical trials or trials on rare diseases and highlights opportunities for improvements., Methods: Systematic academic literature searches and internal European Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (ECRIN) communications during face-to-face meetings and telephone conferences from 2013 to 2017 within the context of the ECRIN Integrating Activity (ECRIN-IA) project., Results: Many nutrients occur in multiple forms that differ in biological activity, and several factors can alter their bioavailability which raises barriers to their assessment. These include specific difficulties with blinding procedures, with assessments of dietary intake, and with selecting appropriate outcomes as patient-centred outcomes may occur decennia into the future. The methodologies and regulations for drug trials are, however, applicable to nutrition trials., Conclusions: Research on clinical nutrition should start by collecting clinical data systematically in databases and registries. Measurable patient-centred outcomes and appropriate study designs are needed. International cooperation and multistakeholder engagement are key for success.

Published
2017
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