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3. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Photometric Data Set for Cosmology

Author

Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Bechtol, K., Kind, M. Carrasco, Rosell, A. Carnero, Becker, M. R., Drlica-Wagner, A., Gruendl, R. A., Rykoff, E. S., Sheldon, E., Yanny, B., Alarcon, A., Allam, S., Amon, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Burke, D. L., Carretero, J., Choi, A., Diehl, H. T., Everett, S., Flaugher, B., Gaztanaga, E., Gschwend, J., Harrison, I., Hartley, W. G., Hoyle, B., Jarvis, M., Johnson, M. D., Kessler, R., Kron, R., Kuropatkin, N., Leistedt, B., Li, T. S., Menanteau, F., Morganson, E., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Pieres, A., Pond, C., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Allyn-Smith, J., Stringer, K. M., Troxel, M. A., Tucker, D. L., de Vicente, J., Wester, W., Zhang, Y., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bhargava, S., Bridle, S. L., Brooks, D., Brout, D., Castander, F. J., Cawthon, R., Chang, C., Conselice, C., Costanzi, M., Crocce, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. E., Davis, T. M., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Eckert, K., Evrard, A. E., Ferrero, I., Fosalba, P., García-Bellido, J., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Gruen, D., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Huff, E. M., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lidman, C., Lima, M., Lin, H., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Melchior, P., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Morgan, R., Neilsen, E., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Varga, T. N., Wechsler, R. H., Weller, J., and Wilkinson, R. D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

We describe the Dark Energy Survey (DES) photometric data set assembled from the first three years of science operations to support DES Year 3 cosmology analyses, and provide usage notes aimed at the broad astrophysics community. Y3 Gold improves on previous releases from DES, Y1 Gold and Data Release 1 (DES DR1), presenting an expanded and curated data set that incorporates algorithmic developments in image detrending and processing, photometric calibration, and object classification. Y3 Gold comprises nearly 5000 square degrees of grizY imaging in the south Galactic cap, including nearly 390 million objects, with depth reaching S/N ~ 10 for extended objects up to $i_{AB}\sim 23.0$, and top-of-the-atmosphere photometric uniformity $< 3$ mmag. Compared to DR1, photometric residuals with respect to Gaia are reduced by $50\%$, and per-object chromatic corrections are introduced. Y3 Gold augments DES DR1 with simultaneous fits to multi-epoch photometry for more robust galaxy color measurements and corresponding photometric redshift estimates. Y3 Gold features improved morphological star-galaxy classification with efficiency $>98\%$ and purity $>99\%$ for galaxies with $19 < i_{AB} < 22.5$. Additionally, it includes per-object quality information, and accompanying maps of the footprint coverage, masked regions, imaging depth, survey conditions, and astrophysical foregrounds that are used to select the cosmology analysis samples. This paper will be complemented by online resources., Comment: see https://www.darkenergysurvey.org/des-year-3-cosmology-results-papers/ for the full DES Y3 cosmology release

Published
2020
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4. The Dark Energy Survey: Cosmology Results with ∼1500 New High-redshift Type Ia Supernovae Using the Full 5 yr Data Set

Author

DES Collaboration: T. M. C. Abbott, M. Acevedo, M. Aguena, A. Alarcon, S. Allam, O. Alves, A. Amon, F. Andrade-Oliveira, J. Annis, P. Armstrong, J. Asorey, S. Avila, D. Bacon, B. A. Bassett, K. Bechtol, P. H. Bernardinelli, G. M. Bernstein, E. Bertin, J. Blazek, S. Bocquet, D. Brooks, D. Brout, E. Buckley-Geer, D. L. Burke, H. Camacho, R. Camilleri, A. Campos, A. Carnero Rosell, D. Carollo, A. Carr, J. Carretero, F. J. Castander, R. Cawthon, C. Chang, R. Chen, A. Choi, C. Conselice, M. Costanzi, L. N. da Costa, M. Crocce, T. M. Davis, D. L. DePoy, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, M. Dixon, S. Dodelson, P. Doel, C. Doux, A. Drlica-Wagner, J. Elvin-Poole, S. Everett, I. Ferrero, A. Ferté, B. Flaugher, R. J. Foley, P. Fosalba, D. Friedel, J. Frieman, C. Frohmaier, L. Galbany, J. García-Bellido, M. Gatti, E. Gaztanaga, G. Giannini, K. Glazebrook, O. Graur, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, G. Gutierrez, W. G. Hartley, K. Herner, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. Huterer, B. Jain, D. J. James, N. Jeffrey, E. Kasai, L. Kelsey, S. Kent, R. Kessler, A. G. Kim, R. P. Kirshner, E. Kovacs, K. Kuehn, O. Lahav, J. Lee, S. Lee, G. F. Lewis, T. S. Li, C. Lidman, H. Lin, U. Malik, J. L. Marshall, P. Martini, J. Mena-Fernández, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, J. J. Mohr, J. Mould, J. Muir, A. Möller, E. Neilsen, R. C. Nichol, P. Nugent, R. L. C. Ogando, A. Palmese, Y.-C. Pan, M. Paterno, W. J. Percival, M. E. S. Pereira, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, B. Popovic, A. Porredon, J. Prat, H. Qu, M. Raveri, M. Rodríguez-Monroy, A. K. Romer, A. Roodman, B. Rose, M. Sako, E. Sanchez, D. Sanchez Cid, M. Schubnell, D. Scolnic, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, P. Shah, J. Allyn. Smith, M. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, E. Suchyta, M. Sullivan, N. Suntzeff, M. E. C. Swanson, B. O. Sánchez, G. Tarle, G. Taylor, D. Thomas, C. To, M. Toy, M. A. Troxel, B. E. Tucker, D. L. Tucker, S. A. Uddin, M. Vincenzi, A. R. Walker, N. Weaverdyck, R. H. Wechsler, J. Weller, W. Wester, P. Wiseman, M. Yamamoto, F. Yuan, B. Zhang, and Y. Zhang

Subjects
Cosmology, Type Ia supernovae, Dark energy, Dark matter, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

We present cosmological constraints from the sample of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) discovered and measured during the full 5 yr of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) SN program. In contrast to most previous cosmological samples, in which SNe are classified based on their spectra, we classify the DES SNe using a machine learning algorithm applied to their light curves in four photometric bands. Spectroscopic redshifts are acquired from a dedicated follow-up survey of the host galaxies. After accounting for the likelihood of each SN being an SN Ia, we find 1635 DES SNe in the redshift range 0.10 < z < 1.13 that pass quality selection criteria sufficient to constrain cosmological parameters. This quintuples the number of high-quality z > 0.5 SNe compared to the previous leading compilation of Pantheon+ and results in the tightest cosmological constraints achieved by any SN data set to date. To derive cosmological constraints, we combine the DES SN data with a high-quality external low-redshift sample consisting of 194 SNe Ia spanning 0.025 < z < 0.10. Using SN data alone and including systematic uncertainties, we find Ω _M = 0.352 ± 0.017 in flat ΛCDM. SN data alone now require acceleration ( q _0 < 0 in ΛCDM) with over 5 σ confidence. We find $({{\rm{\Omega }}}_{{\rm{M}}},w)=({0.264}_{-0.096}^{+0.074},-{0.80}_{-0.16}^{+0.14})$ in flat w CDM. For flat w _0 w _a CDM, we find $({{\rm{\Omega }}}_{{\rm{M}}},{w}_{0},{w}_{a})=({0.495}_{-0.043}^{+0.033},-{0.36}_{-0.30}^{+0.36},-{8.8}_{-4.5}^{+3.7})$ , consistent with a constant equation of state to within ∼2 σ . Including Planck cosmic microwave background, Sloan Digital Sky Survey baryon acoustic oscillation, and DES 3 × 2pt data gives (Ω _M , w ) = (0.321 ± 0.007, −0.941 ± 0.026). In all cases, dark energy is consistent with a cosmological constant to within ∼2 σ . Systematic errors on cosmological parameters are subdominant compared to statistical errors; these results thus pave the way for future photometrically classified SN analyses.

Published
2024
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7. Chemical Analysis of the Brightest Star of the Cetus II Ultrafaint Dwarf Galaxy Candidate

Author

K. B. Webber, T. T. Hansen, J. L. Marshall, J. D. Simon, A. B. Pace, B. Mutlu-Pakdil, A. Drlica-Wagner, C. E. Martínez-Vázquez, M. Aguena, S. S. Allam, O. Alves, E. Bertin, D. Brooks, A. Carnero Rosell, J. Carretero, L. N. da Costa, J. De Vicente, P. Doel, I. Ferrero, D. Friedel, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, G. Giannini, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, K. Kuehn, J. Mena-Fernández, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, R. L. C. Ogando, M. E. S. Pereira, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, E. Sanchez, B. Santiago, J. Allyn Smith, M. Smith, E. Suchyta, G. Tarle, C. To, N. Weaverdyck, and B. Yanny

Subjects
Chemical abundances, Stellar abundances, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

We present a detailed chemical abundance analysis of the brightest star in the ultrafaint dwarf (UFD) galaxy candidate Cetus II from high-resolution Magellan/MIKE spectra. For this star, DES J011740.53-173053, abundances or upper limits of 18 elements from carbon to europium are derived. Its chemical abundances generally follow those of other UFD galaxy stars, with a slight enhancement of the α -elements (Mg, Si, and Ca) and low neutron-capture element (Sr, Ba, and Eu) abundances supporting the classification of Cetus II as a likely UFD. The star exhibits lower Sc, Ti, and V abundances than Milky Way (MW) halo stars with similar metallicity. This signature is consistent with yields from a supernova originating from a star with a mass of ∼11.2 M _⊙ . In addition, the star has a potassium abundance of [K/Fe] = 0.81, which is somewhat higher than the K abundances of MW halo stars with similar metallicity, a signature that is also present in a number of UFD galaxies. A comparison including globular clusters and stellar stream stars suggests that high K is a specific characteristic of some UFD galaxy stars and can thus be used to help classify objects as UFD galaxies.

Published
2023
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8. The Gravity Collective: A Search for the Electromagnetic Counterpart to the Neutron Star–Black Hole Merger GW190814

Author

Charles D. Kilpatrick, David A. Coulter, Iair Arcavi, Thomas G. Brink, Georgios Dimitriadis, Alexei V. Filippenko, Ryan J. Foley, D. Andrew Howell, David O. Jones, Daniel Kasen, Martin Makler, Anthony L. Piro, César Rojas-Bravo, David J. Sand, Jonathan J. Swift, Douglas Tucker, WeiKang Zheng, Sahar S. Allam, James T. Annis, Juanita Antilen, Tristan G. Bachmann, Joshua S. Bloom, Clecio R. Bom, K. Azalee Bostroem, Dillon Brout, Jamison Burke, Robert E. Butler, Melissa Butner, Abdo Campillay, Karoli E. Clever, Christopher J. Conselice, Jeff Cooke, Kristen C. Dage, Reinaldo R. de Carvalho, Thomas de Jaeger, Shantanu Desai, Alyssa Garcia, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Mandeep S. S. Gill, Nachiket Girish, Na’ama Hallakoun, Kenneth Herner, Daichi Hiramatsu, Daniel E. Holz, Grace Huber, Adam M. Kawash, Curtis McCully, Sophia A. Medallon, Brian D. Metzger, Shaunak Modak, Robert Morgan, Ricardo R. Muñoz, Nahir Muñoz-Elgueta, Yukei S. Murakami, Felipe Olivares E, Antonella Palmese, Kishore C. Patra, Maria E. S. Pereira, Thallis L. Pessi, J. Pineda-Garcia, Jonathan Quirola-Vásquez, Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz, Sandro Barboza Rembold, Armin Rest, Ósmar Rodríguez, Luidhy Santana-Silva, Nora F. Sherman, Matthew R. Siebert, Carli Smith, J. Allyn Smith, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Holland Stacey, Benjamin E. Stahl, Jay Strader, Erika Strasburger, James Sunseri, Samaporn Tinyanont, Brad E. Tucker, Natalie Ulloa, Stefano Valenti, Sergiy S. Vasylyev, Matthew P. Wiesner, and Keto D. Zhang

Published
2021
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10. L’influence des présuppositions sur les témoignages sollicités par questions

Author

Elizabeth Allyn Smith and Myriam Raymond-Tremblay

Subjects
background, working memory, French, presupposition, misinformation, witness testimony, Philology. Linguistics, P1-1091, Computational linguistics. Natural language processing, P98-98.5
Abstract

Loftus (1975) and subsequent established that presupposing new information during witness questioning can influence subsequent eyewitness reports. We report on a study that attempts to replicate these results for another language (French) in order to better understand some of the factors that facilitate (or not) disinformation. Our sixty participants watched a video of an attempted robbery and answered questions in which the existence of an element was (a) a true presupposition, (b) a false presupposition, or (c) not presupposed. A week later, all participants received a second questionnaire where the critical information was questioned, followed by a working memory task and a demographic survey. Our analysis (by binomial logistic regression) tests the proportion of false responses to the second survey by condition. Our results show that presuppositions of true information significantly decrease the rate of false responses (p

Published
2017
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11. Acceleration of Coronal Mass Ejection Plasma in the Low Corona as Measured by the Citizen CATE Experiment

Author

Matthew J Penn, Robert Baer, Donald Walter, Michael Pierce, Richard Gelderman, Andrei Ursache, David Elmore, Adrianna Mitchell, Sarah Kovac, Honor Hare, Myles McKay, Logan Jensen, Zachary Watson, Mike Conley, Lynn Powers, Marianna Lazarova, Joseph Wright, David Young, Fred Isberner, C. Alexandra Hart, N. R. Sheeley, Debbie Penn, Kate Allen-Penn, Bruce Alder, Ryan Alder, Geri Hall-Conley, David Gerdes, Katherine Weber, Jeffrey Johnson, Gerald Matzek, Steven Somes, Rob Sobnosky, Robert McGowen, Michael Meo, Damani Proctor, Charlie Wessinger, Jeannine Schilling, Jay Kerr, Alexander Beltzer-Sweeney, Alex Falatoun, David Higgins, Grady Boyce, Jared Hettick, Philip Blanco, Scott Dixon, Sepehr Ardebilianfard, Pat Boyce, Richard Lighthill, Denese Lighthill, David Anderson, Mine Anderson, Thomas Schad, Sonna Smith, Declan Jensen, Anthony Allen, Donavan Smith, Gage Brandon, Joe Earp, Jane Earp, Bob Blair, Chuck F. Claver, Jennifer A. Claver, Ryan H. Claver, Danielle Hoops, Esteban Rivera, Llanee Gibson, Martin Hiner, Rein Lann, Shaedyn Miller, Burton Briggs, Karan Davis, Brian Jackson, Kaleb Kautzsch, Wesley Sandidge, Russell Lucas, Duane Gregg, Julia Kamenetzky, Tiffany Rivera, Joe Shaw, Bryan Scherrer, Dylan Sandbak, Richard McFate, Wilson Harris, Zachery Brasier, Stephen McNeil, Jack Jensen, Makai Jensen, Mason Moore, Alexandria Temple, Thomas Vanderhorst, Richard Kautz, Orion Bellorado, LaVor R Jenkins, Corey Pantuso, Marley Carey, Josh Byrnes, Kyle Scholtens, Julian Web, Brain Baker, Katie Barngrover, Drew Hathaway, Kallen Smith, Kellyn Chandler, Lydia Hinkle, Ione Chandler, Galen Gisler, Jack Benner, Madison Mas, Maya Rogers, Prescott Moore, Elijah Pelofske, Stephen Gulley, Beth Short, Isabel Crooker, Jennifer Hammock, Katsina Cardenas, Kateri Cardenas, Jennifer Wellman, Mark Roy, Joe Meyer, Jalynne Brough, Kameron Brough, Tim Nelson, Zack Nelson, Caleb Russell, Theresa Bautz, Eric Weitzel & Team, Michele Wistisen, Shae Aagard, Zachary Whipps, Logan Neuroth, Dawson Poste, Connor Worthen, Sanjay Gosain, Mark Steward, Vanshita Gosain, Ruchi Gosain, Janet Jorgensen, Eleanor Doucette, Reba Doucette, Elliott Iwen, Alexus Cochran, James Stith, Doug Scribner, Austen Kenney, Kolby Pisciotti, Irene Pease, Samuel Cynamon, Charles Cynamon, Dawn Cynamon, Bart Tolbert, Jean A. Dupree, Jeremy Weremeichik, Nathan Pindell, Kristen Stives, Thomas K Simacek, Yolanta G Simacek, Anne L. Simacek, Wayne Boeck, Andreea Boeck, Austin Ryan, Gabriel Wierzorec, Dimitri Klebe, Bryan Costanza, Arnie Cerny, Trevor Schmale, Tessa Hoffman, Sam Streeter, Jack Erickson, Michele McClellan, Ella Erickson, Brynn Brettell, Savannah Shoffner, Emilie McClellan, Julie VanVoorhis, Cole Bramhall, Daniel Stelly, Bentley Bee, Bruno Acevedo, Madison Kroeger, Ben Trumpenski, Nolan Sump, Liam Brook, Jagert Ernzen, Jessica Lewis, Ryan Maderak, Charles Kennedy, David Dembinski, Rita Wright, Michael Foster, Mohammad Ahmadbasir, Monty Laycox, James Foster, Ethan Orr, Ashley Staab, Angela Speck, Sean Baldridge, Lucy Kegley, Jordan Bavlnka, Thomas Ballew, Bruce Callen, Gregory Ojakangas, Mark Bremer, Maryanne Angliongto, Mark Redecker, Chris Bremer, Peggy Hill, Michael Rodgers, Jordan Duncan, Sam Fincher, Ben Nielsen, Samantha Hasler, Taylor Shivelbine, Tyler Howard, Chris Midden, Sean Patrick, Kerry Glenn, Chris Mandrell, Kyle Dawson, Margaret Cortez, Alyssa Levsky, Dinuka Gallaba, Mason Perrone, Jasmyn Taylor, Padma A. Yanamandra-Fisher, Howard Harper, Lindsay Adams, Michaela Springer, BillyJoe Menard, Dylan Boggs, Caitlin Lynch, Jacob Watson, Andi York, David Matthews, Kiley Brown, Dylan Garrison, Jonathan Mangin, Isaac Mangin, Jennifer Birriel, Ignacio Birriel, Capp Yess, Jesse Anderson, Ethan Caudill, Allyn Smith, Spencer Buckner, Russ Longhurst, Ben Fagan, Christian Nations, Jeffrey DiMatties, Patricia Thompson, David Garrison, Thomas Garrison, William Garrison, Mary Kidd, Maria Baker, Mary-Beth Ledford, Amy Winebarger, Michael Freed, Morgyn Church, Jim Dickens, Bob Anderson, Ned Smith, Lynne Dorsey, Doug Justice, Daniel Zavala, Zach Stockbridge, Sean Brittain, Stanley Jensen, Harrison Leiendecker, Erin Thompson, Michelle Deady, Kelly Quinn-Hughes, David Slimmer, Valerie Granger, Michael LaRoche, Serena Hill LaRoche, Rachel Manspeaker, Peter Nguyen, Daniel Smith, Jim Payne, Jerry Zissett, Arianna M. Roberts, Gabrielle W. Roberts, Harrison Roberts, Amy Riddle, Corina Ursache, and Elena Ursache

Published
2019
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13. Photometric Cross-Calibration of the SDSS Stripe 82 Standard Stars catalogue with Gaia EDR3, and Comparison with Pan-STARRS1, DES, CFIS and GALEX catalogues

Author

Douglas L. Tucker, J. Allyn Smith, Stephen Gwyn, S. Allam, Željko Ivezić, and Karun Thanjavur

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Calibration (statistics), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Imaging data, Declination, Photometry (optics), techniques: photometric, surveys, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), catalogues, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, methods: data analysis, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, instrumentation: photometers, Cross Calibration, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), standards, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Data release
Abstract

We extend the SDSS Stripe 82 Standard Stars Catalog with post-2007 SDSS imaging data. This improved version lists averaged SDSS ugriz photometry for nearly a million stars brighter than r~22 mag. With 2-3x more measurements per star, random errors are 1.4-1.7x smaller than in the original catalog, and about 3x smaller than for individual SDSS runs. Random errors in the new catalog are ~< 0.01 mag for stars brighter than 20.0, 21.0, 21.0, 20.5, and 19.0 mag in u, g, r, i, and z-bands, respectively. We achieve this error threshold by using the Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) Gmag photometry to derive gray photometric zeropoint corrections, as functions of R.A. and Declination, for the SDSS catalog, and use the Gaia BP-RP colour to derive corrections in the ugiz bands, relative to the r-band. The quality of the recalibrated photometry, tested against Pan-STARRS1, DES, CFIS and GALEX surveys, indicates spatial variations of photometric zeropoints, Comment: 17 pages, 19 figures. MNRAS accepted, 14 May 2021

Published
2021

14. A statistical standard siren measurement of the Hubble constant from the LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave compact object merger GW190814 and Dark Energy Survey galaxies

Author

R. L. C. Ogando, Alistair R. Walker, Alyssa Garcia, Marcelle Soares-Santos, V. Scarpine, E. Suchyta, Josh Frieman, August E. Evrard, J. deVicente, C. Nicolaou, Enrique Gaztanaga, M. Carrasco Kind, Michael Schubnell, K. Herner, A. Roodman, Antonella Palmese, W. G. Hartley, D. A. Finley, Alex Drlica-Wagner, O. Lahav, Robert Morgan, Juan Garcia-Bellido, K. Honscheid, Dragan Huterer, J. Carretero, E. Buckley-Geer, David J. James, J. Annis, Pablo Fosalba, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Maria E. S. Pereira, I. Magaña Hernandez, M. A. G. Maia, W. C. Wester, Samuel Hinton, G. Gutierrez, David J. Brooks, G. Tarle, Elisabeth Krause, Peter Melchior, Ramon Miquel, J. Allyn Smith, Martin Crocce, R. D. Wilkinson, Sunayana Bhargava, Felipe Menanteau, Tamara M. Davis, S. Everett, Ryan J. Foley, K. Bechtol, L. N. da Costa, B. Flaugher, Jennifer L. Marshall, M. N. K. Smith, K. Kuehn, M. Sako, F. Paz-Chinchón, D. L. Hollowood, Daniel E. Holz, S. Serrano, Richard Kessler, J. Zuntz, M. Costanzi, Daniel Gruen, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, Juan Estrada, Michael Troxel, M. March, D. W. Gerdes, E. Bertin, Douglas L. Tucker, J. Gschwend, P. Doel, H. T. Diehl, M. S. S. Gill, Chihway Chang, C. J. Conselice, Huan Lin, S. Desai, Steve Kent, F. J. Castander, T. M. C. Abbott, E. J. Sanchez, D. L. Burke, S. Allam, A. A. Plazas, Robert A. Gruendl, Enrique J. Fernández, Michel Aguena, European Research Council, European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Palmese, A., Devicente, J., Pereira, M. E. S., Annis, J., Hartley, W., Herner, K., Soares-Santos, M., Crocce, M., Huterer, D., Magana Hernandez, I., Davis, T. M., Garcia, A., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gschwend, J., Holz, D. E., Kessler, R., Lahav, O., Morgan, R., Nicolaou, C., Conselice, C., Foley, R. J., Gill, M. S. S., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Avila, S., Bechtol, K., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Chang, C., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Estrada, J., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Fernandez, E., Finley, D. A., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kent, S., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Lin, H., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Paz-Chinchon, F., Plazas, A. A., Roodman, A., Sako, M., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Allyn Smith, J., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Troxel, M. A., Tucker, D. L., Walker, A. R., Wester, W., Wilkinson, R. D., and Zuntz, J.

Subjects
Cosmological parameter, star: compact, cosmological model, coalescence, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics, Surveys, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, localization, Cosmology, Cosmological parameters, Gravitational waves, Hubble constant, Redshift surveys, Gravitational wave astronomy, parameter space, LIGO, Survey, dark energy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Photometric redshift, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, density, photon, Mathematics::History and Overview, GALÁXIAS, Redshift survey, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, statistical analysis, Binary black hole, 0103 physical sciences, distribution function, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, gravitational radiation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, redshift, Galaxy, Redshift, Black hole, VIRGO, electromagnetic, black hole: binary, Space and Planetary Science, Dark energy, galaxy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

DES Collaboration: et al. arXiv:2006.14961v3, We present a measurement of the Hubble constant H0 using the gravitational wave (GW) event GW190814, which resulted from the coalescence of a 23 M⊙ black hole with a 2.6 M⊙ compact object, as a standard siren. No compelling electromagnetic counterpart has been identified for this event; thus our analysis accounts for thousands of potential host galaxies within a statistical framework. The redshift information is obtained from the photometric redshift (photo-z) catalog from the Dark Energy Survey. The luminosity distance is provided by the LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave sky map. Since this GW event has the second-smallest localization volume after GW170817, GW190814 is likely to provide the best constraint on cosmology from a single standard siren without identifying an electromagnetic counterpart. Our analysis uses photo-z probability distribution functions and corrects for photo-z biases. We also reanalyze the binary black hole GW170814 within this updated framework. We explore how our findings impact the H0 constraints from GW170817, the only GW merger associated with a unique host galaxy. From a combination of GW190814, GW170814, and GW170817, our analysis yields ${H}_{0}={72.0}_{-8.2}^{+12}\,\mathrm{km}\,{{\rm{s}}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{Mpc}}^{-1}$(68% highest-density interval, HDI) for a prior in H0 uniform between $[20\mathrm{and}140]\,\mathrm{km}\,{{\rm{s}}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{Mpc}}^{-1}$. The addition of GW190814 and GW170814 to GW170817 improves the 68% HDI from GW170817 alone by ~18%, showing how well-localized mergers without counterparts can provide a significant contribution to standard siren measurements, provided that a complete galaxy catalog is available at the location of the event., Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the DOE and NSF(USA), MEC/MICINN/MINECO(Spain), STFC(UK), HEFCE(UK). NCSA(UIUC), KICP(U. Chicago), CCAPP(Ohio State), MIFPA(Texas A&M), CNPQ, FAPERJ, FINEP (Brazil), DFG(Germany) and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The DES Data Management System is supported by the NSF under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-88861, FPA2015-68048, and Centro de Excelencia SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597 and MDM-2015-0509. Research leading to these results has received funding from the ERC under the EU’s 7th Framework Programme including grants ERC 240672, 291329 and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020.

Published
2020
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15. Dark energy survey year 1 results: Cosmological constraints from cluster abundances and weak lensing

Author

Alex Drlica-Wagner, Dragan Huterer, J. Annis, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Daniel Scolnic, N. Kuropatkin, Tesla E. Jeltema, F. Paz-Chinchón, K. D. Eckert, T. N. Varga, Brian Nord, Adam Mantz, L. N. da Costa, M. Costanzi, M. A. G. Maia, Michel Aguena, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Brian Yanny, Shantanu Desai, A. Alarcon, M. W. G. Johnson, A. K. Romer, J. Carretero, Paul Martini, V. Scarpine, I. Ferrero, Matt J. Jarvis, Tamara M. Davis, Yanxi Zhang, Tim Eifler, Arya Farahi, David James, Z. Zhang, D. W. Gerdes, Joshua A. Frieman, D. Gruen, R. Cawthon, Antonella Palmese, Pablo Fosalba, Carlos Solans Sanchez, D. H. Brooks, A. R. Walker, B. Flaugher, Risa H. Wechsler, P. Rooney, Keith Bechtol, M. Sako, C. Lidman, A. von der Linden, Erin Sheldon, D. L. Hollowood, M. E. C. Swanson, Huan Lin, Sebastian Bocquet, Julian A. Mayers, Steve Kent, J. De Vicente, Martin Crocce, R. D. Wilkinson, D. L. Burke, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, M. Carrasco Kind, S. Everett, Robert C. Nichol, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, R. L. C. Ogando, J. P. Dietrich, Juan Garcia-Bellido, E. Bertin, Marcos Lima, Michael Troxel, Eduardo Rozo, Jack Elvin-Poole, Enrique Gaztanaga, Peter Doel, Peter Melchior, Ofer Lahav, M. Smith, H. T. Diehl, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, J. Allyn Smith, Paul Giles, David Bacon, Niall MacCrann, Ami Choi, Ben Hoyle, A. Roodman, Markus Rau, Tommaso Giannantonio, J. Gschwend, Gary Bernstein, Hao-Yi Wu, Tenglin Li, Scott Dodelson, S. W. Allen, Santiago Avila, Chihway Chang, M. D. Johnson, Ramon Miquel, A. Bermeo, Elisabeth Krause, Sebastian Grandis, J. Mena-Fernández, Joe Zuntz, Jochen Weller, F. J. Castander, T. M. C. Abbott, Chun-Hao To, E. J. Sanchez, K. Honscheid, Eli S. Rykoff, Richard G. Kron, A. Carnero Rosell, Felipe Menanteau, S. Samuroff, Gregory Tarle, Santiago Serrano, J. DeRose, D. J. Brout, J. Prat, Samuel Hinton, G. Gutierrez, Xi Chen, A. A. Plazas, Sunayana Bhargava, Joseph J. Mohr, A. Saro, Jennifer L. Marshall, W. G. Hartley, M. Gatti, Juan Estrada, Michael Schubnell, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, European Research Council, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Alarcon, A., Allam, S., Allen, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Bechtol, K., Bermeo, A., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Bocquet, S., Brooks, D., Brout, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Cawthon, R., Chang, C., Chen, X., Choi, A., Costanzi, M., Crocce, M., Da Costa, L. N., Davis, T. M., De Vicente, J., Derose, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Dodelson, S., Doel, P., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eckert, K., Eifler, T. F., Elvin-Poole, J., Estrada, J., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Farahi, A., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gatti, M., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Giles, P., Grandis, S., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Jarvis, M., Jeltema, T., Johnson, M. W. G., Johnson, M. D., Kent, S., Krause, E., Kron, R., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Li, T. S., Lidman, C., Lima, M., Lin, H., Maccrann, N., Maia, M. A. G., Mantz, A., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Mayers, J., Melchior, P., Mena-Fernandez, J., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Nichol, R. C., Nord, B., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Plazas, A. A., Prat, J., Rau, M. M., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rooney, P., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E. S., Sako, M., Samuroff, S., Sanchez, C., Sanchez, E., Saro, A., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Scolnic, D., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Smith, J. A., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Troxel, M. A., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Von Der Linden, A., Walker, A. R., Wechsler, R. H., Weller, J., Wilkinson, R. D., Wu, H., Yanny, B., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., and Zuntz, J.

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Software_OPERATINGSYSTEMS, ComputingMethodologies_SIMULATIONANDMODELING, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY, 01 natural sciences, XMM-Newton Telescope, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, Planck, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, Galaxy cluster, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Física, ComputerSystemsOrganization_PROCESSORARCHITECTURES, Galaxies, Cosmos, Redshift, Galaxy, Cosmology, Dark energy, symbols, Baryon acoustic oscillations, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

DES Collaboration: et al., We perform a joint analysis of the counts and weak lensing signal of redMaPPer clusters selected from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 1 dataset. Our analysis uses the same shear and source photometric redshifts estimates as were used in the DES combined probes analysis. Our analysis results in surprisingly low values for S8=σ8(Ωm/0.3)0.5=0.65±0.04, driven by a low matter density parameter, Ωm=0.179+0.031−0.038, with σ8−Ωm posteriors in 2.4σ tension with the DES Y1 3x2pt results, and in 5.6σ with the Planck CMB analysis. These results include the impact of post-unblinding changes to the analysis, which did not improve the level of consistency with other data sets compared to the results obtained at the unblinding. The fact that multiple cosmological probes (supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations, cosmic shear, galaxy clustering and CMB anisotropies), and other galaxy cluster analyses all favor significantly higher matter densities suggests the presence of systematic errors in the data or an incomplete modeling of the relevant physics. Cross checks with x-ray and microwave data, as well as independent constraints on the observable-mass relation from Sunyaev-Zeldovich selected clusters, suggest that the discrepancy resides in our modeling of the weak lensing signal rather than the cluster abundance. Repeating our analysis using a higher richness threshold (λ≥30) significantly reduces the tension with other probes, and points to one or more richness-dependent effects not captured by our model., The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. AST-1138766 and No. AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under Grants No. AYA2015-71825, No. ESP2015-66861, No. FPA2015-68048, No. SEV2016-0588, No. SEV-2016-0597, and No. MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. I. F. A. E. is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC Grant agreements No. 240672, No. 291329, and No. 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through Project No. CE110001020. This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DEAC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. M. C. and A. S. are supported by the ERC-StG “ClustersXCosmo” Grant agreement No. 716762. A. S. is supported by the FAREMIUR grant “ClustersXEuclid”. E. R. was supported by the DOE Grant No. DE-SC0015975, by the Sloan Foundation, Grant No. FG-2016-6443, and the Cottrell Scholar program of the Research Corporation for Science Advancement. This research used simulations that were performed resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility operated under Contract No. DEAC02-05CH11231.

Published
2020
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16. An empirical investigation of the felicity conditions for the Japanese evidentials -rashii, -sooda, and -yooda

Author

Michael Blasingame, E. Allyn Smith, and Julie Matsubara

Subjects
Linguistics and Language, Communication, media_common.quotation_subject, Felicity conditions, Context (language use), Language and Linguistics, Linguistics, Categorization, Evidentiality, Perception, Information source, Psychology (miscellaneous), Baseline (configuration management), Psychology, Sociolinguistics, media_common
Abstract

This paper reports on the first detailed experimental investigation of the perception of the felicity of evidential markers in context. We investigated the Japanese evidentials -rashii, -sooda, and -yooda in various discourse environments by manipulating two key variables: (a) whether there was any conjecture required, and (b) whether the information source was accessible firsthand to the speaker. This work provides a baseline against which future studies of other discourse variables can be measured, and our results present some challenges to established conceptions. For example, -rashii was found to be compatible with reportative utterances, building on its traditional categorization as a conjectural evidential. We situate our findings with respect to the typological literature and contemplate how the results may inform semantico-pragmatic theories of evidentiality. We further propose a slight modification to McCready and Ogata (2007) to account for the felicity of bare propositions with indirect information sources.

Published
2017
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17. LSST: from Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products

Author

Željko Ivezić, Steven M. Kahn, J. Anthony Tyson, Bob Abel, Emily Acosta, Robyn Allsman, David Alonso, Yusra AlSayyad, Scott F. Anderson, John Andrew, James Roger P. Angel, George Z. Angeli, Reza Ansari, Pierre Antilogus, Constanza Araujo, Robert Armstrong, Kirk T. Arndt, Pierre Astier, Éric Aubourg, Nicole Auza, Tim S. Axelrod, Deborah J. Bard, Jeff D. Barr, Aurelian Barrau, James G. Bartlett, Amanda E. Bauer, Brian J. Bauman, Sylvain Baumont, Ellen Bechtol, Keith Bechtol, Andrew C. Becker, Jacek Becla, Cristina Beldica, Steve Bellavia, Federica B. Bianco, Rahul Biswas, Guillaume Blanc, Jonathan Blazek, Roger D. Blandford, Josh S. Bloom, Joanne Bogart, Tim W. Bond, Michael T. Booth, Anders W. Borgland, Kirk Borne, James F. Bosch, Dominique Boutigny, Craig A. Brackett, Andrew Bradshaw, William Nielsen Brandt, Michael E. Brown, James S. Bullock, Patricia Burchat, David L. Burke, Gianpietro Cagnoli, Daniel Calabrese, Shawn Callahan, Alice L. Callen, Jeffrey L. Carlin, Erin L. Carlson, Srinivasan Chandrasekharan, Glenaver Charles-Emerson, Steve Chesley, Elliott C. Cheu, Hsin-Fang Chiang, James Chiang, Carol Chirino, Derek Chow, David R. Ciardi, Charles F. Claver, Johann Cohen-Tanugi, Joseph J. Cockrum, Rebecca Coles, Andrew J. Connolly, Kem H. Cook, Asantha Cooray, Kevin R. Covey, Chris Cribbs, Wei Cui, Roc Cutri, Philip N. Daly, Scott F. Daniel, Felipe Daruich, Guillaume Daubard, Greg Daues, William Dawson, Francisco Delgado, Alfred Dellapenna, Robert de Peyster, Miguel de Val-Borro, Seth W. Digel, Peter Doherty, Richard Dubois, Gregory P. Dubois-Felsmann, Josef Durech, Frossie Economou, Tim Eifler, Michael Eracleous, Benjamin L. Emmons, Angelo Fausti Neto, Henry Ferguson, Enrique Figueroa, Merlin Fisher-Levine, Warren Focke, Michael D. Foss, James Frank, Michael D. Freemon, Emmanuel Gangler, Eric Gawiser, John C. Geary, Perry Gee, Marla Geha, Charles J. B. Gessner, Robert R. Gibson, D. Kirk Gilmore, Thomas Glanzman, William Glick, Tatiana Goldina, Daniel A. Goldstein, Iain Goodenow, Melissa L. Graham, William J. Gressler, Philippe Gris, Leanne P. Guy, Augustin Guyonnet, Gunther Haller, Ron Harris, Patrick A. Hascall, Justine Haupt, Fabio Hernandez, Sven Herrmann, Edward Hileman, Joshua Hoblitt, John A. Hodgson, Craig Hogan, James D. Howard, Dajun Huang, Michael E. Huffer, Patrick Ingraham, Walter R. Innes, Suzanne H. Jacoby, Bhuvnesh Jain, Fabrice Jammes, James Jee, Tim Jenness, Garrett Jernigan, Darko Jevremović, Kenneth Johns, Anthony S. Johnson, Margaret W. G. Johnson, R. Lynne Jones, Claire Juramy-Gilles, Mario Jurić, Jason S. Kalirai, Nitya J. Kallivayalil, Bryce Kalmbach, Jeffrey P. Kantor, Pierre Karst, Mansi M. Kasliwal, Heather Kelly, Richard Kessler, Veronica Kinnison, David Kirkby, Lloyd Knox, Ivan V. Kotov, Victor L. Krabbendam, K. Simon Krughoff, Petr Kubánek, John Kuczewski, Shri Kulkarni, John Ku, Nadine R. Kurita, Craig S. Lage, Ron Lambert, Travis Lange, J. Brian Langton, Laurent Le Guillou, Deborah Levine, Ming Liang, Kian-Tat Lim, Chris J. Lintott, Kevin E. Long, Margaux Lopez, Paul J. Lotz, Robert H. Lupton, Nate B. Lust, Lauren A. MacArthur, Ashish Mahabal, Rachel Mandelbaum, Thomas W. Markiewicz, Darren S. Marsh, Philip J. Marshall, Stuart Marshall, Morgan May, Robert McKercher, Michelle McQueen, Joshua Meyers, Myriam Migliore, Michelle Miller, David J. Mills, Connor Miraval, Joachim Moeyens, Fred E. Moolekamp, David G. Monet, Marc Moniez, Serge Monkewitz, Christopher Montgomery, Christopher B. Morrison, Fritz Mueller, Gary P. Muller, Freddy Muñoz Arancibia, Douglas R. Neill, Scott P. Newbry, Jean-Yves Nief, Andrei Nomerotski, Martin Nordby, Paul O’Connor, John Oliver, Scot S. Olivier, Knut Olsen, William O’Mullane, Sandra Ortiz, Shawn Osier, Russell E. Owen, Reynald Pain, Paul E. Palecek, John K. Parejko, James B. Parsons, Nathan M. Pease, J. Matt Peterson, John R. Peterson, Donald L. Petravick, M. E. Libby Petrick, Cathy E. Petry, Francesco Pierfederici, Stephen Pietrowicz, Rob Pike, Philip A. Pinto, Raymond Plante, Stephen Plate, Joel P. Plutchak, Paul A. Price, Michael Prouza, Veljko Radeka, Jayadev Rajagopal, Andrew P. Rasmussen, Nicolas Regnault, Kevin A. Reil, David J. Reiss, Michael A. Reuter, Stephen T. Ridgway, Vincent J. Riot, Steve Ritz, Sean Robinson, William Roby, Aaron Roodman, Wayne Rosing, Cecille Roucelle, Matthew R. Rumore, Stefano Russo, Abhijit Saha, Benoit Sassolas, Terry L. Schalk, Pim Schellart, Rafe H. Schindler, Samuel Schmidt, Donald P. Schneider, Michael D. Schneider, William Schoening, German Schumacher, Megan E. Schwamb, Jacques Sebag, Brian Selvy, Glenn H. Sembroski, Lynn G. Seppala, Andrew Serio, Eduardo Serrano, Richard A. Shaw, Ian Shipsey, Jonathan Sick, Nicole Silvestri, Colin T. Slater, J. Allyn Smith, R. Chris Smith, Shahram Sobhani, Christine Soldahl, Lisa Storrie-Lombardi, Edward Stover, Michael A. Strauss, Rachel A. Street, Christopher W. Stubbs, Ian S. Sullivan, Donald Sweeney, John D. Swinbank, Alexander Szalay, Peter Takacs, Stephen A. Tether, Jon J. Thaler, John Gregg Thayer, Sandrine Thomas, Adam J. Thornton, Vaikunth Thukral, Jeffrey Tice, David E. Trilling, Max Turri, Richard Van Berg, Daniel Vanden Berk, Kurt Vetter, Francoise Virieux, Tomislav Vucina, William Wahl, Lucianne Walkowicz, Brian Walsh, Christopher W. Walter, Daniel L. Wang, Shin-Yawn Wang, Michael Warner, Oliver Wiecha, Beth Willman, Scott E. Winters, David Wittman, Sidney C. Wolff, W. Michael Wood-Vasey, Xiuqin Wu, Bo Xin, Peter Yoachim, Hu Zhan, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Calcul de l'IN2P3 (CC-IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de RadioAstronomía Milimétrica (IRAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LSST, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astronomy, observational [methods], Field of view, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, size distribution, sagittarius dwarf galaxy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, stars: general, media_common, Physics, Reference design, general [stars], gamma-ray bursts, Astrophysics (astro-ph), observations [cosmology], proper motion stars, ia supernovae, astrometry, methods: observational, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Milky Way, media_common.quotation_subject, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Astronomy & Astrophysics, milky-way tomography, Primary mirror, Telescope, surveys, astro-ph, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy: general, general [Galaxy], 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, dark-energy constraints, Organic Chemistry, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, tidal disruption events, cosmology: observations, digital sky survey, lensing power spectrum, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

(Abridged) We describe here the most ambitious survey currently planned in the optical, the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). A vast array of science will be enabled by a single wide-deep-fast sky survey, and LSST will have unique survey capability in the faint time domain. The LSST design is driven by four main science themes: probing dark energy and dark matter, taking an inventory of the Solar System, exploring the transient optical sky, and mapping the Milky Way. LSST will be a wide-field ground-based system sited at Cerro Pach\'{o}n in northern Chile. The telescope will have an 8.4 m (6.5 m effective) primary mirror, a 9.6 deg$^2$ field of view, and a 3.2 Gigapixel camera. The standard observing sequence will consist of pairs of 15-second exposures in a given field, with two such visits in each pointing in a given night. With these repeats, the LSST system is capable of imaging about 10,000 square degrees of sky in a single filter in three nights. The typical 5$\sigma$ point-source depth in a single visit in $r$ will be $\sim 24.5$ (AB). The project is in the construction phase and will begin regular survey operations by 2022. The survey area will be contained within 30,000 deg$^2$ with $\delta, Comment: 57 pages, 32 color figures, version with high-resolution figures available from https://www.lsst.org/overview

Published
2019
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18. DIVISION B COMMISSION 25: ASTRONOMICAL PHOTOMETRY AND POLARIMETRY

Author

Pierre Bastien, Eugene F. Milone, John Menzies, Allyn Smith, Alistair R. Walker, Saul Adelman, Jens Knude, Wen Ping Chen, Kevin Volk, Steve B. Howell, Antonio Mario Magalhães, D. W. Kurtz, and Barbara J. Anthony-Twarog

Subjects
Photometry (optics), Physics, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Polarimetry, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Commission, Astrophysics, Galaxy, Redshift
Abstract

Commission 25 (C25) deals with the techniques and issues involved with the measurement of optical and infrared radiation intensities and polarization from astronomical sources. As such, in recent years attention has focused on photometric standard stars, atmospheric extinction, photometric passbands, transformation between systems, nomenclature, and observing and reduction techniques. At the start of the trimester C25 changed its name from Stellar Photometry and Polarization to Astronomical Photometry and Polarization so as to explicitly include in its mandate particular issues arising from the measurement of resolved sources, given the importance of photometric redshifts of distant galaxies for many of the large photometric surveys now underway. We begin by summarizing commission activities over the 2012-2014 period, follow with a report on Polarimetry, continue with Photometry topics that have been of interest to C25 members, and conclude with a Vision for the Future.

Published
2015
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19. Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Photometric Data Set for Cosmology

Author

F. J. Castander, Eric H. Neilsen, K. Eckert, R. D. Wilkinson, Michael Troxel, Ramon Miquel, Joseph J. Mohr, R. Kron, S. Everett, F. Paz-Chinchón, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, J. Carretero, Alex Drlica-Wagner, E. Bertin, J. Annis, Brian Yanny, Shantanu Desai, A. Palmese, V. Scarpine, G. Gutierrez, Daniel B. Thomas, M. Jarvis, Enrique Gaztanaga, Mathew Smith, I. Harrison, A. K. Romer, Peter Doel, R. Cawthon, Marcio A. G. Maia, C. Lidman, T. N. Varga, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Boris Leistedt, Erin Sheldon, David Brooks, Michael Schubnell, Paul Martini, Peter Melchior, H. T. Diehl, N. Kuropatkin, Sunayana Bhargava, M. Costanzi, I. Ferrero, K. Honscheid, Huan Lin, L. N. da Costa, Jennifer L. Marshall, David J. James, D. Huterer, C. Pond, Yanxi Zhang, Pablo Fosalba, M. Carrasco Kind, S. Avila, Risa H. Wechsler, A. Amon, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, K. M. Stringer, Tenglin Li, S. L. Bridle, D. Brout, B. Flaugher, M. Crocce, Chihway Chang, G. Tarle, Ami Choi, Ben Hoyle, A. Alarcon, E. Morganson, A. A. Plazas, D. L. Hollowood, W. C. Wester, D. L. Burke, J. Allyn Smith, J. Gschwend, C. Conselice, Gary Bernstein, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, J. P. Dietrich, Felipe Menanteau, Keith Bechtol, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Jochen Weller, Douglas L. Tucker, Marcos Lima, Kyler Kuehn, W. G. Hartley, Maria E. S. Pereira, Eli S. Rykoff, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, T. M. C. Abbott, Tesla E. Jeltema, T. M. Davis, Chun-Hao To, E. J. Sanchez, S. R. Hinton, E. M. Huff, A. Carnero Rosell, A. Pieres, M. D. Johnson, Ofer Lahav, M. Aguena, Daniel Gruen, Robert Morgan, A. Roodman, Tommaso Giannantonio, D. W. Gerdes, A. Benoit-Lévy, S. Serrano, Richard Kessler, Matthew R. Becker, J. De Vicente, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Banerji, Manda [0000-0002-0639-5141], Giannantonio, Tommaso [0000-0002-9865-0436], McMahon, Richard [0000-0001-8447-8869], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Photometric [techniques], Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], FOS: Physical sciences, techniques: image processing, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Footprint, techniques: photometric, surveys, Observational cosmology, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Observations [cosmology], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, 0306 Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, RCUK, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxy, Data set, Space and Planetary Science, cosmology: observations, 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, astro-ph.CO, Dark energy, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Quality information, Data release, Image processing [techniques], catalogs, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

We describe the creation, content, and validation of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) internal year-one cosmology data set, Y1A1 GOLD, in support of upcoming cosmological analyses. The Y1A1 GOLD data set is assembled from multiple epochs of DES imaging and consists of calibrated photometric zero-points, object catalogs, and ancillary data products—e.g., maps of survey depth and observing conditions, star–galaxy classification, and photometric redshift estimates—that are necessary for accurate cosmological analyses. The Y1A1 GOLD wide-area object catalog consists of $\sim 137$ million objects detected in co-added images covering $\sim 1800\,{\deg }^{2}$ in the DES grizY filters. The 10σ limiting magnitude for galaxies is $g=23.4$, $r=23.2$, $i=22.5$, $z=21.8$, and $Y=20.1$. Photometric calibration of Y1A1 GOLD was performed by combining nightly zero-point solutions with stellar locus regression, and the absolute calibration accuracy is better than 2% over the survey area. DES Y1A1 GOLD is the largest photometric data set at the achieved depth to date, enabling precise measurements of cosmic acceleration at z lesssim 1., Multiple funders including STFC listed on paper.

Published
2018
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20. Discovery of a New Quasar: SDSS J022155.26-064916.6

Author

D. J. Gulledge, William Wester, Douglas L. Tucker, J. Allyn Smith, Jacob M. Robertson, Haun Lin, and Jack H. Mueller

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Redshift, Spectral line, Luminosity, Photometry (astronomy), Stars, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Dark energy, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the discovery of a new quasar: SDSS J022155.26-064916.6. This object was discovered while reducing spectra of a sample of stars being considered as spectrophotometric standards for the Dark Energy Survey. The flux and wavelength calibrated spectrum is presented with four spectral lines identified. From these lines, the redshift is determined to be z is approximately equal to 0.806. In addition, the rest-frame u-, g-, and r-band luminosity, determined using a k-correction obtained with synthetic photometry of a proxy QSO, are reported as 7.496 $\times 10^{13}$ solar luminosities, 2.049 $\times 10^{13}$ solar luminosities, and $1.896 \times 10^{13}$ solar luminosities, respectively.

Published
2017

22. MID-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY OF TWO LENSED STAR-FORMING GALAXIES

Author

Dieter Lutz, Huan Lin, J. Allyn Smith, Douglas L. Tucker, Andrew J. Baker, Min-Su Shin, Michael A. Strauss, Ross Fadely, Alice E. Shapley, and Sahar S. Allam

Subjects
Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Star formation, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Metallicity, Doubly ionized oxygen, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Galaxy, Redshift, Spectral line, Wavelength, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Spectroscopy, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present low-resolution, rest-frame ~ 5 - 12 micron Spitzer/IRS spectra of two lensed z ~ 2 UV-bright star-forming galaxies, SDSS J120602.09+514229.5 and SDSS J090122.37+181432.3. Using the magnification boost from lensing, we are able to study the physical properties of these objects in greater detail than is possible for unlensed systems. In both targets, we detect strong PAH emission at 6.2, 7.7, and 11.3 microns, indicating the presence of vigorous star formation. For J1206, we find a steeply rising continuum and significant [S IV] emission, suggesting that a moderately hard radiation field is powering continuum emission from small dust grains. The strength of the [S IV] emission also implies a sub-solar metallicity of ~ 0.5 Z_{Sun}, confirming published rest-frame optical measurements. In J0901, the PAH lines have large rest-frame equivalent widths (> 1 micron) and the continuum rises slowly with wavelength, suggesting that any AGN contribution to L_{IR} is insignificant, in contrast to the implications of optical emission-line diagnostics. Using [O III] line flux as a proxy for AGN strength, we estimate that the AGN in J0901 provides only a small fraction of its mid-infrared continuum flux. By combining the detection of [Ar II] with an upper limit on [Ar III] emission, we infer a metallicity of > 1.3 Z_{Sun}. This work highlights the importance of combining rest-frame optical and mid-IR spectroscopy in order to understand the detailed properties of star-forming galaxies at high redshift., 20 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. ApJ accepted

Published
2010
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23. THE SEVENTH DATA RELEASE OF THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY

Author

Kevork N. Abazajian, Jennifer K. Adelman-McCarthy, Marcel A. Agüeros, Sahar S. Allam, Carlos Allende Prieto, Deokkeun An, Kurt S. J. Anderson, Scott F. Anderson, James Annis, Neta A. Bahcall, C. A. L. Bailer-Jones, J. C. Barentine, Bruce A. Bassett, Andrew C. Becker, Timothy C. Beers, Eric F. Bell, Vasily Belokurov, Andreas A. Berlind, Eileen F. Berman, Mariangela Bernardi, Steven J. Bickerton, Dmitry Bizyaev, John P. Blakeslee, Michael R. Blanton, John J. Bochanski, William N. Boroski, Howard J. Brewington, Jarle Brinchmann, J. Brinkmann, Robert J. Brunner, Tamás Budavári, Larry N. Carey, Samuel Carliles, Michael A. Carr, Francisco J. Castander, David Cinabro, A. J. Connolly, István Csabai, Carlos E. Cunha, Paul C. Czarapata, James R. A. Davenport, Ernst de Haas, Ben Dilday, Mamoru Doi, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Michael L. Evans, N. W. Evans, Xiaohui Fan, Scott D. Friedman, Joshua A. Frieman, Masataka Fukugita, Boris T. Gänsicke, Evalyn Gates, Bruce Gillespie, G. Gilmore, Belinda Gonzalez, Carlos F. Gonzalez, Eva K. Grebel, James E. Gunn, Zsuzsanna Györy, Patrick B. Hall, Paul Harding, Frederick H. Harris, Michael Harvanek, Suzanne L. Hawley, Jeffrey J. E. Hayes, Timothy M. Heckman, John S. Hendry, Gregory S. Hennessy, Robert B. Hindsley, J. Hoblitt, Craig J. Hogan, David W. Hogg, Jon A. Holtzman, Joseph B. Hyde, Shin-ichi Ichikawa, Takashi Ichikawa, Myungshin Im, Željko Ivezić, Sebastian Jester, Linhua Jiang, Jennifer A. Johnson, Anders M. Jorgensen, Mario Jurić, Stephen M. Kent, R. Kessler, S. J. Kleinman, G. R. Knapp, Kohki Konishi, Richard G. Kron, Jurek Krzesinski, Nikolay Kuropatkin, Hubert Lampeitl, Svetlana Lebedeva, Myung Gyoon Lee, Young Sun Lee, R. French Leger, Sébastien Lépine, Nolan Li, Marcos Lima, Huan Lin, Daniel C. Long, Craig P. Loomis, Jon Loveday, Robert H. Lupton, Eugene Magnier, Olena Malanushenko, Viktor Malanushenko, Rachel Mandelbaum, Bruce Margon, John P. Marriner, David Martínez-Delgado, Takahiko Matsubara, Peregrine M. McGehee, Timothy A. McKay, Avery Meiksin, Heather L. Morrison, Fergal Mullally, Jeffrey A. Munn, Tara Murphy, Thomas Nash, Ada Nebot, Eric H. Neilsen, Heidi Jo Newberg, Peter R. Newman, Robert C. Nichol, Tom Nicinski, Maria Nieto-Santisteban, Atsuko Nitta, Sadanori Okamura, Daniel J. Oravetz, Jeremiah P. Ostriker, Russell Owen, Nikhil Padmanabhan, Kaike Pan, Changbom Park, George Pauls, John Peoples, Will J. Percival, Jeffrey R. Pier, Adrian C. Pope, Dimitri Pourbaix, Paul A. Price, Norbert Purger, Thomas Quinn, M. Jordan Raddick, Paola Re Fiorentin, Gordon T. Richards, Michael W. Richmond, Adam G. Riess, Hans-Walter Rix, Constance M. Rockosi, Masao Sako, David J. Schlegel, Donald P. Schneider, Ralf-Dieter Scholz, Matthias R. Schreiber, Axel D. Schwope, Uroš Seljak, Branimir Sesar, Erin Sheldon, Kazu Shimasaku, Valena C. Sibley, A. E. Simmons, Thirupathi Sivarani, J. Allyn Smith, Martin C. Smith, Vernesa Smolčić, Stephanie A. Snedden, Albert Stebbins, Matthias Steinmetz, Chris Stoughton, Michael A. Strauss, Mark SubbaRao, Yasushi Suto, Alexander S. Szalay, István Szapudi, Paula Szkody, Masayuki Tanaka, Max Tegmark, Luis F. A. Teodoro, Aniruddha R. Thakar, Christy A. Tremonti, Douglas L. Tucker, Alan Uomoto, Daniel E. Vanden Berk, Jan Vandenberg, S. Vidrih, Michael S. Vogeley, Wolfgang Voges, Nicole P. Vogt, Yogesh Wadadekar, Shannon Watters, David H. Weinberg, Andrew A. West, Simon D. M. White, Brian C. Wilhite, Alainna C. Wonders, Brian Yanny, D. R. Yocum, Donald G. York, Idit Zehavi, Stefano Zibetti, and Daniel B. Zucker

Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation, Astronomy, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, atlases, catalogs, surveys, law.invention, Photometry (optics), law, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, Imaging systems in astronomy, Stars--Observations, Celestial equator, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Astrometry, Astrograph, Galaxy, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Sky
Abstract

This paper describes the Seventh Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), marking the completion of the original goals of the SDSS and the end of the phase known as SDSS-II. It includes 11663 deg^2 of imaging data, with most of the roughly 2000 deg^2 increment over the previous data release lying in regions of low Galactic latitude. The catalog contains five-band photometry for 357 million distinct objects. The survey also includes repeat photometry over 250 deg^2 along the Celestial Equator in the Southern Galactic Cap. A coaddition of these data goes roughly two magnitudes fainter than the main survey. The spectroscopy is now complete over a contiguous area of 7500 deg^2 in the Northern Galactic Cap, closing the gap that was present in previous data releases. There are over 1.6 million spectra in total, including 930,000 galaxies, 120,000 quasars, and 460,000 stars. The data release includes improved stellar photometry at low Galactic latitude. The astrometry has all been recalibrated with the second version of the USNO CCD Astrograph Catalog (UCAC-2), reducing the rms statistical errors at the bright end to 45 milli-arcseconds per coordinate. A systematic error in bright galaxy photometr is less severe than previously reported for the majority of galaxies. Finally, we describe a series of improvements to the spectroscopic reductions, including better flat-fielding and improved wavelength calibration at the blue end, better processing of objects with extremely strong narrow emission lines, and an improved determination of stellar metallicities. (Abridged), Comment: 20 pages, 10 embedded figures. Accepted to ApJS after minor corrections

Published
2009
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24. The Milky Way Tomography with SDSS. II. Stellar Metallicity

Author

Julianne J. Dalcanton, Brian C. Lee, Masataka Fukugita, Furea Kiuchi, James Bushong, Jeffrey A. Munn, Suzanne L. Hawley, Young Sun Lee, Thomas R. Quinn, James E. Gunn, Mike Harvanek, Robert H. Lupton, Alexander Chen, Alan Uomoto, R. Wilhelm, Constance M. Rockosi, Mamoru Doi, Jeffrey R. Pier, Brian Yanny, David J. Schlegel, J. C. Barentine, S. J. Kleinman, Branimir Sesar, Carlos Allende Prieto, Paola Re Fiorentin, Gajus Miknaitis, Atsuko Nitta, Jurek Krzesinski, Heidi Jo Newberg, Stephanie A. Snedden, Hugh C. Harris, Nicholas A. Bond, Scott F. Anderson, Donald P. Schneider, Douglas P. Finkbeiner, J. Allyn Smith, Coryn A. L. Bailer-Jones, Dan Long, Thirupathi Sivarani, Mario Juric, Amy Kimball, Gillian R. Knapp, Kevin R. Covey, Steve Kent, Donald G. York, Timothy C. Beers, John E. Norris, Jonathan Brinkmann, Daryl Haggard, Masayuki Tanaka, Howard Brewington, Harkirat Sohi, and Zeljko Ivezic

Subjects
Physics, Proper motion, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Milky Way, Metallicity, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Galactic plane, 01 natural sciences, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Monoceros Ring, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Halo, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Main sequence
Abstract

Using effective temperature and metallicity derived from SDSS spectra for ~60,000 F and G type main sequence stars (0.2, Comment: 40 pages, 21 figures, emulateApJ style, accepted to ApJ, high resolution figures are available from http://www.astro.washington.edu/ivezic/sdss/mw/astroph0804.3850

Published
2008
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26. Review of The Logic of Conventional Implicatures by Chris Potts

Author

E. Allyn Smith, Patrícia Amaral, and Craige Roberts

Subjects
Philosophy of language, Linguistics and Language, Philosophy, Explication, Computer science, Montague grammar, Pragmatics, Computational linguistics, Semantics, Implicature, Linguistics, Syntax (logic)
Abstract

We review Potts’ influential book on the semantics of conventional implicature (CI), offering an explication of his technical apparatus and drawing out the proposal’s implications, focusing on the class of CIs he calls supplements. While we applaud many facets of this work, we argue that careful considerations of the pragmatics of CIs will be required in order to yield an empirically and explanatorily adequate account.

Published
2007
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27. Sloan Digital Sky Survey Standard Star Catalog for Stripe 82: The Dawn of Industrial 1% Optical Photometry

Author

Željko Ivezić, J. Allyn Smith, Gajus Miknaitis, Huan Lin, Douglas Tucker, Robert H. Lupton, James E. Gunn, Gillian R. Knapp, Michael A. Strauss, Branimir Sesar, Mamoru Doi, Masayuki Tanaka, Masataka Fukugita, Jon Holtzman, Steve Kent, Brian Yanny, David Schlegel, Douglas Finkbeiner, Nikhil Padmanabhan, Constance M. Rockosi, Mario Jurić, Nicholas Bond, Brian Lee, Chris Stoughton, Sebastian Jester, Hugh Harris, Paul Harding, Heather Morrison, Jon Brinkmann, Donald P. Schneider, and Donald York

Subjects
Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Photometric system, White dwarf, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Astrophysics, Star catalogue, Photometry (optics), Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Range (statistics), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, V band
Abstract

We describe a standard star catalog constructed using multiple SDSS photometric observations (at least four per band, with a median of ten) in the $ugriz$ system. The catalog includes 1.01 million non-variable unresolved objects from the equatorial stripe 82 ($|\delta_{J2000}

Published
2007
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28. A Survey of Open Clusters in theu′g′r′i′z′ Filter System. III. Results for the Cluster NGC 188

Author

Cristin J. Rider, Douglas L. Tucker, Hwankyung Sung, Sahar S. Allam, J. Allyn Smith, and Bartosz Fornal

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Milky Way, Metallicity, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Filter system, Distance modulus, Star cluster, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Open cluster
Abstract

We continue our series of papers describing the results of a photometric survey of open star clusters, primarily in the southern hemisphere, taken in the u'g'r'i'z' filter system. The entire observed sample covered more than 100 clusters, but here we present data only on NGC 188, which is one of the oldest open clusters known in the Milky Way. We fit the Padova theoretical isochrones to our data. Assuming a solar metallicity for NGC 188, we find a distance of 1700+/-100 pc, an age of 7.5+/-0.7 Gyr, and a reddening E(B-V) of 0.025+/-0.005. This yields a distance modulus of 11.23+/-0.14., Comment: 41 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal

Published
2007
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29. Improvedu′g′r′i′z′ toUBVRCICTransformation Equations for Main-Sequence Stars

Author

J. Allyn Smith, Douglas L. Tucker, R. Canterna, Michael J. Pierce, and C. T. Rodgers

Subjects
Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Giant star, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, Stars, Transformation (function), Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Order (group theory), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Main sequence, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

We report improved transformation equations between the u'g'r'i'z' and UBVRCIC photometric systems. Although the details of the transformations depend on luminosity class, we find a typical rms scatter on the order of 0.001 mag if the sample is limited to main-sequence stars. Furthermore, we find that an accurate transformation requires complex, multicolor dependencies for the bluer bandpasses. Results for giant stars will be reported in a subsequent paper.

Published
2006
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30. The White Dwarf Luminosity Function from Sloan Digital Sky Survey Imaging Data

Author

Robert H. Lupton, J. Brinkmann, Mukremin Kilic, Ted von Hippel, Don Winget, Daniel J. Eisenstein, J. Allyn Smith, Gillian R. Knapp, James Liebert, Masataka Fukugita, T. S. Metcalfe, David G. Monet, Stephen E. Levine, Donald P. Schneider, Hugh C. Harris, Kurtis A. Williams, Jeffrey A. Munn, S. J. Kleinman, and Atsuko Nitta

Subjects
Physics, White dwarf, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Monotonic function, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Imaging data, Spectral line, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Range (statistics), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Sensitivity (control systems), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Luminosity function (astronomy)
Abstract

A sample of white dwarfs is selected from SDSS DR3 imaging data using their reduced proper motions, based on improved proper motions from SDSS plus USNO-B combined data. Numerous SDSS and followup spectra (Kilic et al. 2005) are used to quantify completeness and contamination of the sample; kinematic models are used to understand and correct for velocity-dependent selection biases. A luminosity function is constructed covering the range 7 < M_bol < 16, and its sensitivity to various assumptions and selection limits is discussed. The white dwarf luminosity function based on 6000 stars is remarkably smooth, and rises nearly monotonically to M_bol = 15.3. It then drops abruptly, although the small number of low-luminosity stars in the sample and their unknown atmospheric composition prevent quantitative conclusions about this decline. Stars are identified that may have high tangential velocities, and a preliminary luminosity function is constructed for them.

Published
2006
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31. The Sloan Digital Sky Survey View of the Palomar-Green Bright Quasar Survey

Author

Patrick B. Hall, Michael A. Strauss, Douglas L. Tucker, Gordon T. Richards, Maarten Schmidt, James E. Gunn, Daniel E. Vanden Berk, J. Allyn Smith, S. Kent, Richard F. Green, Chris Stoughton, Donald P. Schneider, Jon Brinkmann, Brian Yanny, and Sebastian Jester

Subjects
Physics, education.field_of_study, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Redshift, Photometry (optics), Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Magnitude (astronomy), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, education, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common
Abstract

We investigate the extent to which the Palomar-Green (PG) Bright Quasar Survey (BQS) is complete and representative of the general quasar population by comparing with imaging and spectroscopy from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. A comparison of SDSS and PG photometry of both stars and quasars reveals the need to apply a color and magnitude recalibration to the PG data. Using the SDSS photometric catalog, we define the PG's parent sample of objects that are not main-sequence stars and simulate the selection of objects from this parent sample using the PG photometric criteria and errors. This simulation shows that the effective U-B cut in the PG survey is U-B 0.5 are inherently rare in bright surveys in any case). We find no evidence for any other systematic incompleteness when comparing the distributions in color, redshift, and FIRST radio properties of the BQS and a BQS-like subsample of the SDSS quasar sample. However, the application of a bright magnitude limit biases the BQS toward the inclusion of objects which are blue in g-i, in particular compared to the full range of g-i colors found among the i-band limited SDSS quasars, and even at i-band magnitudes comparable to those of the BQS objects.

Published
2005
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32. Where Are the Magnetic White Dwarfs with Detached, Nondegenerate Companions?

Author

Paula Szkody, Nicole M. Silvestri, Mara P. Lemagie, Terry D. Oswalt, Suzanne L. Hawley, Ronald F. Webbink, J. Allyn Smith, Lilia Ferrario, James Liebert, Gary D. Schmidt, and Dayal T. Wickramsinghe

Subjects
Physics, White (horse), Proper motion, media_common.quotation_subject, White dwarf, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Radius, Black dwarf, Space and Planetary Science, Primary (astronomy), Sky, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Blue dwarf, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common
Abstract

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey has already more than doubled the sample of white dwarfs with spectral classifications, the subset with detached M dwarf companions, and the subset of magnetic white dwarfs. In the course of assessing these new discoveries, we have noticed a curious, unexpected property of the total lists of magnetic white dwarfs and of white dwarf plus main-sequence binaries: there appears to be virtually zero overlap between the two samples! No confirmed magnetic white dwarf has yet been found in such a pairing with a main-sequence star. The same statement can be made for the samples of white dwarf–M dwarf pairs in wide, common proper motion systems. This contrasts with the situation for interacting binaries, in which an estimated 25% of the accreting systems have a magnetic white dwarf primary. Alternative explanations are discussed for the observed absence of magnetic white dwarf–main-sequence pairs, but the recent discoveries of very low accretion rate magnetic binaries pose difficulties for each. A plausible explanation may be that the presence of the companion and the likely large mass and small radius of the magnetic white dwarf (relative to nonmagnetic degenerate dwarfs) may provide a selection effect against the discovery of the latter in such binary systems. More careful analysis of the existing samples may yet uncover members of this class of binary, and the sample sizes will continue to grow. The question of whether the mass and field distributions of the magnetic primaries in interacting binaries are similar to those of the isolated magnetic white dwarfs (including those in wider binaries) must also be answered.

Published
2005
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33. A Catalog of Very Isolated Galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 1

Author

S. Allam, Brian C. Lee, J. Allyn Smith, and Douglas L. Tucker

Subjects
Physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Galaxy, Photometry (optics), Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Variation (astronomy), Data release, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Systematic search, media_common
Abstract

We present a new catalog of isolated galaxies obtained through an automated systematic search. These 2980 isolated galaxies were found in approximately 2099 sq deg of sky in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 1 (SDSS DR1) photometry. The selection algorithm, implementing a variation on the criteria developed by Karachentseva in 1973, proved to be very efficient and fast. This catalog will be useful for studies of the general galaxy characteristics. Here we report on our results.

Published
2005
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34. The Third Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

Author

Kevork Abazajian, Jennifer K. Adelman-McCarthy, Marcel A. Agüeros, Sahar S. Allam, Kurt S. J. Anderson, Scott F. Anderson, James Annis, Neta A. Bahcall, Ivan K. Baldry, Steven Bastian, Andreas Berlind, Mariangela Bernardi, Michael R. Blanton, John J. Bochanski, Jr., William N. Boroski, Howard J. Brewington, John W. Briggs, J. Brinkmann, Robert J. Brunner, Tamás Budavári, Larry N. Carey, Francisco J. Castander, A. J. Connolly, Kevin R. Covey, István Csabai, Julianne J. Dalcanton, Mamoru Doi, Feng Dong, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Michael L. Evans, Xiaohui Fan, Douglas P. Finkbeiner, Scott D. Friedman, Joshua A. Frieman, Masataka Fukugita, Bruce Gillespie, Karl Glazebrook, Jim Gray, Eva K. Grebel, James E. Gunn, Vijay K. Gurbani, Patrick B. Hall, Masaru Hamabe, Daniel Harbeck, Frederick H. Harris, Hugh C. Harris, Michael Harvanek, Suzanne L. Hawley, Jeffrey Hayes, Timothy M. Heckman, John S. Hendry, Gregory S. Hennessy, Robert B. Hindsley, Craig J. Hogan, David W. Hogg, Donald J. Holmgren, Jon A. Holtzman, Shin-ichi Ichikawa, Takashi Ichikawa, Željko Ivezić, Sebastian Jester, David E. Johnston, Anders M. Jorgensen, Mario Jurić, Stephen M. Kent, S. J. Kleinman, G. R. Knapp, Alexei Yu. Kniazev, Richard G. Kron, Jurek Krzesinski, Donald Q. Lamb, Hubert Lampeitl, Brian C. Lee, Huan Lin, Daniel C. Long, Jon Loveday, Robert H. Lupton, Ed Mannery, Bruce Margon, David Martínez-Delgado, Takahiko Matsubara, Peregrine M. McGehee, Timothy A. McKay, Avery Meiksin, Brice Ménard, Jeffrey A. Munn, Thomas Nash, Eric H. Neilsen, Jr., Heidi Jo Newberg, Peter R. Newman, Robert C. Nichol, Tom Nicinski, Maria Nieto-Santisteban, Atsuko Nitta, Sadanori Okamura, William O'Mullane, Russell Owen, Nikhil Padmanabhan, George Pauls, John Peoples, Jeffrey R. Pier, Adrian C. Pope, Dimitri Pourbaix, Thomas R. Quinn, M. Jordan Raddick, Gordon T. Richards, Michael W. Richmond, Hans-Walter Rix, Constance M. Rockosi, David J. Schlegel, Donald P. Schneider, Joshua Schroeder, Ryan Scranton, Maki Sekiguchi, Erin Sheldon, Kazu Shimasaku, Nicole M. Silvestri, J. Allyn Smith, Vernesa Smolčić, Stephanie A. Snedden, Albert Stebbins, Chris Stoughton, Michael A. Strauss, Mark SubbaRao, Alexander S. Szalay, István Szapudi, Paula Szkody, Gyula P. Szokoly, Max Tegmark, Luis Teodoro, Aniruddha R. Thakar, Christy Tremonti, Douglas L. Tucker, Alan Uomoto, Daniel E. Vanden Berk, Jan Vandenberg, Michael S. Vogeley, Wolfgang Voges, Nicole P. Vogt, Lucianne M. Walkowicz, Shu-i Wang, David H. Weinberg, Andrew A. West, Simon D. M. White, Brian C. Wilhite, Yongzhong Xu, Brian Yanny, Naoki Yasuda, Ching-Wa Yip, D. R. Yocum, Donald G. York, Idit Zehavi, Stefano Zibetti, and Daniel B. Zucker

Subjects
Physics, PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika. Astronomija i astrofizika, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Imaging data, Sloan Digital Sky Survey, atlases, surveys, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics. Astronomy and Astrophysics, Spectroscopy, Data release, catalogs, media_common, Remote sensing
Abstract

This paper describes the Third Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). This release, containing data taken up through June 2003, includes imaging data in five bands over 5282 deg^2, photometric and astrometric catalogs of the 141 million objects detected in these imaging data, and spectra of 528,640 objects selected over 4188 deg^2. The pipelines analyzing both images and spectroscopy are unchanged from those used in our Second Data Release., 14 pages, including 2 postscript figures. Submitted to AJ. Data available at http://www.sdss.org/dr3

Published
2005
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35. The Second Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

Author

Kevork Abazajian, Jennifer K. Adelman-McCarthy, Marcel A. Agüeros, Sahar S. Allam, Kurt, S. J. Anderson, Scott F. Anderson, James Annis, Neta A. Bahcall, Ivan K. Baldry, Steven Bastian, Andreas Berlind, Mariangela Bernardi, Michael R. Blanton, John J. Bochanski, Jr., William N. Boroski, John W. Briggs, J. Brinkmann, Robert J. Brunner, Tamás Budavári, Larry N. Carey, Samuel Carliles, Francisco J. Castander, A. J. Connolly, István Csabai, Mamoru Doi, Feng Dong, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Michael L. Evans, Xiaohui Fan, Douglas P. Finkbeiner, Scott D. Friedman, Joshua A. Frieman, Masataka Fukugita, Roy R. Gal, Bruce Gillespie, Karl Glazebrook, Jim Gray, Eva K. Grebel, James E. Gunn, Vijay K. Gurbani, Patrick B. Hall, Masaru Hamabe, Frederick H. Harris, Hugh C. Harris, Michael Harvanek, Timothy M. Heckman, John S. Hendry, Gregory S. Hennessy, Robert B. Hindsley, Craig J. Hogan, David W. Hogg, Donald J. Holmgren, Shin-ichi Ichikawa, Takashi Ichikawa, Željko Ivezić, Sebastian Jester, David E. Johnston, Anders M. Jorgensen, Stephen M. Kent, S. J. Kleinman, G. R. Knapp, Alexei Yu. Kniazev, Richard G. Kron, Jurek Krzesinski, Peter Z. Kunszt, Nickolai Kuropatkin, Donald Q. Lamb, Hubert Lampeitl, Brian C. Lee, R. French Leger, Nolan Li, Huan Lin, Yeong-Shang Loh, Daniel C. Long, Jon Loveday, Robert H. Lupton, Tanu Malik, Bruce Margon, Takahiko Matsubara, Peregrine M. McGehee, Timothy A. McKay, Avery Meiksin, Jeffrey A. Munn, Reiko Nakajima, Thomas Nash, Eric H. Neilsen, Jr., Heidi Jo Newberg, Peter R. Newman, Robert C. Nichol, Tom Nicinski, Maria Nieto-Santisteban, Atsuko Nitta, Sadanori Okamura, William O'Mullane, Jeremiah P. Ostriker, Russell Owen, Nikhil Padmanabhan, John Peoples, Jeffrey R. Pier, Adrian C. Pope, Thomas R. Quinn, Gordon T. Richards, Michael W. Richmond, Hans-Walter Rix, Constance M. Rockosi, David J. Schlegel, Donald P. Schneider, Ryan Scranton, Maki Sekiguchi, Uros Seljak, Gary Sergey, Branimir Sesar, Erin Sheldon, Kazu Shimasaku, Walter A. Siegmund, Nicole M. Silvestri, J. Allyn Smith, Vernesa Smolčić, Stephanie A. Snedden, Albert Stebbins, Chris Stoughton, Michael A. Strauss, Mark SubbaRao, Alexander S. Szalay, István Szapudi, Paula Szkody, Gyula P. Szokoly, Max Tegmark, Luis Teodoro, Aniruddha R. Thakar, Christy Tremonti, Douglas L. Tucker, Alan Uomoto, Daniel E. Vanden Berk, Jan Vandenberg, Michael S. Vogeley, Wolfgang Voges, Nicole P. Vogt, Lucianne M. Walkowicz, Shu-i Wang, David H. Weinberg, Andrew A. West, Simon D. M. White, Brian C. Wilhite, Yongzhong Xu, Brian Yanny, Naoki Yasuda, Ching-Wa Yip, D. R. Yocum, Donald G. York, Idit Zehavi, Stefano Zibetti, and Daniel B. Zucker

Subjects
Point spread function, Physics, Astrophysics and Astronomy, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Astrophysics, Stellar classification, NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics, Galaxy, atlases, PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika, Photometry (astronomy), Stars, Software, surveys, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, business, catalogs, media_common
Abstract

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey has validated and made publicly available its Second Data Release. This data release consists of 3324 square degrees of five-band (u g r i z) imaging data with photometry for over 88 million unique objects, 367,360 spectra of galaxies, quasars, stars and calibrating blank sky patches selected over 2627 degrees of this area, and tables of measured parameters from these data. The imaging data reach a depth of r ~ 22.2 (95% completeness limit for point sources) and are photometrically and astrometrically calibrated to 2% rms and 100 milli-arcsec rms per coordinate, respectively. The imaging data have all been processed through a new version of the SDSS imaging pipeline, in which the most important improvement since the last data release is fixing an error in the model fits to each object. The result is that model magnitudes are now a good proxy for point spread function (PSF) magnitudes for point sources, and Petrosian magnitudes for extended sources. The spectroscopy extends from 3800 A to 9200 A at a resolution of 2000. The spectroscopic software now repairs a systematic error in the radial velocities of certain types of stars, and has substantially improved spectrophotometry. All data included in the SDSS Early Data Release and First Data Release are reprocessed with the improved pipelines, and included in the Second Data Release. The data are publically available as of 2004 March 15 via the web sites http://www.sdss.org/dr2 and http://skyserver.sdss.org ., 24 pages, submitted to AJ. See ftp://ftp.astro.princeton.edu/strauss/sdss/dr2.ps for high-resolution figures

Published
2004
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36. SDSS White Dwarfs with Spectra Showing Atomic Oxygen and/or Carbon Lines

Author

Paula Szkody, J. Brinkmann, Scot Kleinman, Scott F. Anderson, Matthew J. Collinge, Nicole M. Silvestri, Jurek Krzesinski, Bruce Margon, Hugh C. Harris, Donald P. Schneider, James Liebert, J. Allyn Smith, Gillian R. Knapp, Xiaohui Fan, Gary D. Schmidt, Conard C. Dahn, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Suzanne L. Hawley, Atsuko Nitta, Patrick B. Hall, and D. Q. Lamb

Subjects
Physics, Brown dwarf, White dwarf, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Stellar classification, Black dwarf, chemistry.chemical_compound, Stars, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, Massive compact halo object, Atomic carbon, Main sequence
Abstract

We discuss 18 white dwarfs, one of which (G227-5) was previously known, whose SDSS spectra show lines of neutral and/or singly ionized carbon. At least two and perhaps four show lines of neutral or singly ionized oxygen. Apart from the extremely hot PG 1159 stars, these are the first white dwarfs with photospheric oxygen detected in their optical spectra. The photometry strongly suggests that these stars lie in the 11,000–30,000 K temperature range of the helium-atmosphere DB white dwarfs, though only one of them shows weak neutral helium lines in the spectrum. Trigonometric parallaxes are known for G227-5 and another, previously known white dwarf (G35-26) showing atomic carbon lines, and they indicate that both are massive stars. Theoretical arguments suggest that all members of this class of rare white dwarfs are massive (~1 M⊙), and this finding could explain the paucity of massive DB white dwarfs.

Published
2003
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37. Localu'g'r'i'z' Standard Stars in the Chandra Deep Field South

Author

C. T. Rodgers, Sahar S. Allam, J. Allyn Smith, and Douglas L. Tucker

Subjects
Physics, Stars, Courtesy, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Chandra Deep Field South, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Central region, Value (mathematics), Southern Hemisphere
Abstract

Because several observing programs are underway in various spectral regimes to explore the Chandra Deep Field South (CDF-S), the value of local photometric standards is obvious. As part of an NOAO Surveys Program to establish u'g'r'i'z' standard stars in the southern hemisphere, we have observed the central region of the CDF-S to create local standards for use by other investigators using these filters. As a courtesy, we present the CDF-S standards to the public now, although the main program will not finish until mid-2005., Comment: Accepted by AJ (scheduled for October 2003 issue). 26 pages, 5 tables, 5 figures. High resolution version of Figure 7 available at http://home.fnal.gov/~dtucker/Southern_ugriz/index.html

Published
2003
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38. Magnetic White Dwarfs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: The First Data Release

Author

Gary D. Schmidt, Hugh C. Harris, James Liebert, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Scott F. Anderson, J. Brinkmann, Patrick B. Hall, Michael Harvanek, Suzanne Hawley, S. J. Kleinman, Gillian R. Knapp, Jurek Krzesinski, Don Q. Lamb, Dan Long, Jeffrey A. Munn, Eric H. Neilsen, Peter R. Newman, Atsuko Nitta, David J. Schlegel, Donald P. Schneider, Nicole M. Silvestri, J. Allyn Smith, Stephanie A. Snedden, Paula Szkody, and Dan Vanden Berk

Subjects
Physics, Field (physics), Young stellar object, media_common.quotation_subject, White dwarf, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Universe, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Magnitude (astronomy), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Polar, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common
Abstract

Beyond its goals related to the extragalactic universe, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) is an effective tool for identifying stellar objects with unusual spectral energy distributions. Here we report on the 53 new magnetic white dwarfs discovered during the first two years of the survey, including 38 whose data are made public in the 1500 square-degree First Data Release. Discoveries span the magnitude range 16.3 3 MG and g > 15. The new objects nearly double the total number of known magnetic white dwarfs, and include examples with polar field strengths B > 500 MG as well as several with exotic atmospheric compositions. The improved sample statistics and uniformity indicate that the distribution of magnetic white dwarfs has a broad peak in the range ~5-30 MG and a tail extending to nearly 10^9 G. Degenerates with polar fields B > 50 MG are consistent with being descendents of magnetic Ap/Bp main-sequence stars, but low- and moderate-field magnetic white dwarfs appear to imply another origin. Yet-undetected magnetic F-type stars with convective envelopes that destroy the ordered underlying field are attractive candidates.

Published
2003
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39. Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Early Data Release

Author

Eric H. Neilsen, D. Q. Lamb, R. French Leger, Zoltan Haiman, Brian McLean, Jeffrey R. Pier, Heidi Jo Newberg, Takashi Ichikawa, Michael Odenkirchen, Claudio H. Rivetta, Shu I. Wang, Sadanori Okamura, Don Petravick, John Peoples, Atsuko Nitta, Xiaohui Fan, Peter R. Newman, Stephanie A. Snedden, Damian J. Christian, Jim Gray, Gordon T. Richards, Zlatan Tsvetanov, Eva K. Grebel, Amanda E. Bauer, Angela Prosapio, Stephen B. Bracker, Hans-Walter Rix, Idit Zehavi, M. Haldeman, Christopher W. Stubbs, Michael A. Strauss, Paula Szkody, Robert H. Lupton, Scott F. Anderson, Scott Dodelson, G. Sergey, Naoki Yasuda, James Annis, Vijay K. Narayanan, Craig L. Loomis, Mariangela Bernardi, Masaru Hamabe, David H. Weinberg, Larry N. Carey, Walter Dehnen, Mark SubbaRao, Wolfgang Voges, David W. Hogg, Ernst De Haas, Timothy A. McKay, Megan Donahue, Zeljko Ivezic, John Korienek, Roy R. Gal, Julianne J. Dalcanton, Aronne Merelli, Craig J. Hogan, Jon Arne Bakken, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Paul C. Czarapata, Michael Harvanek, Bruce Margon, Karl Glazebrook, Maki Sekiguchi, Ravi K. Sheth, Robert Rosner, István Csabai, Charles L. Hull, David J. Schlegel, Jon A. Holtzman, Rene A. M. Walterbos, Peregrine M. McGehee, Guinevere Kauffmann, Ryan Scranton, Hans Böhringer, Brian Yanny, Brian C. Lee, Masataka Fukugita, James H. Crocker, Robert J. Brunner, Gretchen Greene, Donald G. York, Paul M. Mantsch, Bing Chen, S. J. Kleinman, Mamoru Doi, Osamu Nakamura, Anatoly Klypin, David Johnston, Rita S. J. Kim, L. Eyer, John E. Anderson, T. Nicinski, D. Wolfe, Bruce Greenawalt, Gregory S. Hennessy, Wei Zheng, Michael A. Carr, Douglas L. Tucker, Timothy M. Heckman, Simon D. M. White, K. Shimasaku, Andrew J. Connolly, Dale Sandford, Jon Brinkmann, Donald P. Schneider, Shin-Ichi Ichikawa, Matthias Bartelmann, Brian R. Elms, Edward J. Mannery, Scott Burles, Aniruddha R. Thakar, Michael Richmond, Thomas R. Quinn, Peter Z. Kunszt, Chris Stoughton, Houjun Mo, R. S. Peterson, Carl Lindenmeyer, Stephen A. Smee, Richard G. Kron, Hugh C. Harris, Francisco J. Castander, Amina Helmi, Tim Kimball, T. Dombeck, Jennifer Adelman, Julian H. Krolik, David G. Monet, Chih-Hao Huang, Jeffrey J. E. Hayes, Scott D. Friedman, S. Kent, Brad M. S. Hansen, Steven Bastian, Neta A. Bahcall, Russell Owen, Dan Long, Albert Stebbins, Gyula P. Szokoly, Siriluk Limmongkol, Patrick L. Colestock, R. Rechenmacher, Michael R. Blanton, Ruth Pordes, Richard L. White, George Pauls, Michael S. Vogeley, Patrick B. Hall, Kristen Menou, John W. Briggs, Joshua A. Frieman, Brian C. Wilhite, Jeffrey A. Munn, Daniel E. Vanden Berk, Donald J. Holmgren, Michael L. Evans, Robert B. Hindsley, E. Kinney, Bryan Mackinnon, Frederick H. Harris, Thomas Nash, J. Allyn Smith, Jurek Krzesinski, James E. Gunn, John Eric Davis, Alan Uomoto, Jon Loveday, A. A. Henden, E. Berman, Suzanne L. Hawley, Masaru Watanabe, Nancy Ellman, Marc Postman, Adrian Pope, Patrick Waddell, Constance M. Rockosi, István Szapudi, Jeremiah P. Ostriker, William N. Boroski, Charlie Briegel, Glenn R. Federwitz, Avery Meiksin, Gillian R. Knapp, Robert C. Nichol, Arthur F. Davidsen, S. Tabachnik, K. Ruthmansdorfer, Mark A. Klaene, Bruce Gillespie, Alexander S. Szalay, and Norio Okada

Subjects
Physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Celestial equator, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Celestial sphere, Quasar, Astrophysics, Segue, Galaxy, Data set, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, media_common
Abstract

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) is an imaging and spectroscopic survey that will eventually cover approximately one-quarter of the celestial sphere and collect spectra of ≈106 galaxies, 100,000 quasars, 30,000 stars, and 30,000 serendipity targets. In 2001 June, the SDSS released to the general astronomical community its early data release, roughly 462 deg2 of imaging data including almost 14 million detected objects and 54,008 follow-up spectra. The imaging data were collected in drift-scan mode in five bandpasses (u, g, r, i, and z); our 95% completeness limits for stars are 22.0, 22.2, 22.2, 21.3, and 20.5, respectively. The photometric calibration is reproducible to 5%, 3%, 3%, 3%, and 5%, respectively. The spectra are flux- and wavelength-calibrated, with 4096 pixels from 3800 to 9200 A at R ≈ 1800. We present the means by which these data are distributed to the astronomical community, descriptions of the hardware used to obtain the data, the software used for processing the data, the measured quantities for each observed object, and an overview of the properties of this data set.

Published
2002
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40. Toward Spectral Classification of L and T Dwarfs: Infrared and Optical Spectroscopy and Analysis

Author

T. R. Geballe, G. R. Knapp, S. K. Leggett, X. Fan, D. A. Golimowski, S. Anderson, J. Brinkmann, I. Csabai, J. E. Gunn, S. L. Hawley, G. Hennessy, T. J. Henry, G. J. Hill, R. B. Hindsley, Ž. Ivezić, R. H. Lupton, A. McDaniel, J. A. Munn, V. K. Narayanan, E. Peng, J. R. Pier, C. M. Rockosi, D. P. Schneider, J. Allyn Smith, M. A. Strauss, Z. I. Tsvetanov, A. Uomoto, D. G. York, and W. Zheng

Subjects
Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Infrared, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Stellar classification, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, K band, 0103 physical sciences, Spectral sequence, Spectroscopy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, AB Doradus moving group
Abstract

We present 0.6-2.5um, R~400 spectra of twenty-seven cool, low luminosity stars and substellar objects. Based on these and previously published spectra we develop a preliminary spectral classification system for L and T dwarfs. For late L and T types the classification system is based entirely on four spectral indices in the 1-2.5um interval. Two of these indices are derived from water absorption bands at 1.15um and 1.4um, the latter of which shows a smooth increase in depth through the L and T sequences and can be used to classify both spectral types. The other two indices make use of methane absorption features in the H and K bands, with the K band index also applicable to mid to late L dwarfs. Continuum indices shortward of 1um used by previous authors to classify L dwarfs are found to be useful only through mid L subclasses. We employ the 1.5um water index and the 2.2um methane index to complete the L classification through L9.5 and to link the new system with a modified version of the 2MASS ``Color-d'' index. By correlating the depths of the methane and water absorption features, we establish a T spectral sequence from types T0 to T8, based on all four indices, which is a smooth continuation of the L sequence. We reclassify two 2MASS L8 dwarfs as L9 and L9.5 and identify one SDSS object as L9. In the proposed system methane absorption appears in the K band approximately at L8, two subclasses earlier than its appearance in the H band. The L and T spectral classes are distinguished by the absence and presence, respectively, of H band methane absorption., Comment: 40 pages, 14 figures, to be published in Ap.J., Jan 1, 2002

Published
2002
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41. Infrared Photometry of Late‐M, L, and T Dwarfs

Author

S. K. Leggett, David A. Golimowski, Xiaohui Fan, T. R. Geballe, G. R. Knapp, J. Brinkmann, Istvan Csabai, James E. Gunn, Suzanne L. Hawley, Todd J. Henry, Robert Hindsley, Željko Ivezić, Robert H. Lupton, Jeffrey R. Pier, Donald P. Schneider, J. Allyn Smith, Michael A. Strauss, Alan Uomoto, and D. G. York

Subjects
Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Opacity, Infrared, media_common.quotation_subject, Metallicity, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Infrared telescope, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Effective temperature, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Photometry (optics), 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common
Abstract

We present ZJHKL'M' photometry of a sample of 58 late-M, L, and T dwarfs, most of which are identified from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Two Micron All-Sky Survey. Near-infrared spectra and spectral classifications for most of this sample are presented in a companion paper by Geballe et al. We derive the luminosities of 18 dwarfs in the sample and the results imply that the effective temperature range for the L dwarfs in our sample is approximately 2200-1300 K and for the T dwarfs 1300-800 K. We obtained new photometric data at the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope for: 42 dwarfs at Z, 34 dwarfs at JHK, 21 dwarfs at L', as well as M' data for two L dwarfs and two T dwarfs. The M' data provide the first accurate photometry for L and T dwarfs in this bandpass - for a T2 and a T5 dwarf, we find K-M'=1.2 and 1.6, respectively. These colors are much bluer than predicted by models suggesting that CO may be more abundant in these objects than expected, as has been found for the T6 dwarf Gl 229B. We also find that K-L' increases monotonically through most of the M, L, and T subclasses, but it is almost constant between types L6 and T5. The degeneracy is probably due to the onset of methane absorption at the blue edge of the L' bandpass. The JHK colors of L dwarfs show significant scatter, suggesting that the fluxes in these bandpasses are sensitive to variations in photospheric dust properties. The H-K colors of the later T dwarfs also show some scatter which we suggest is due to variations in pressure-induced molecular hydrogen opacity, which is sensitive to gravity and metallicity., 33 pages incl. 6 figures, accepted by ApJ August 2001

Published
2002
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42. The Dark Energy Survey and operations: Year 1

Author

Douglas L. Tucker, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Emma Beynon, S. Serrano, T. Rigby, Richard Kessler, J. Annis, Huan Lin, Tim Eifler, Matthew P. Wiesner, E. Buckley-Geer, Felipe Menanteau, H. Wilcox, E. Suchyta, K. Patton, Tenglin Li, Elisabeth Krause, Ann Elliott, Ricard Casas, H. H. Head, Jennifer L. Marshall, M. Carter, Andrea Kunder, Y. Zhang, Eric H. Neilsen, Allyn Smith, Alistair R. Walker, Peter Nugent, Robert Connon Smith, Daniel Gruen, Maayane T. Soumagnac, Marcelle Soares-Santos, L. Baruah, Erin Sheldon, R. D. Kennedy, A. Papadopoulos, Robert C. Nichol, T. M. C. Abbott, Brian Nord, T. Kacprzac, Joshua A. Frieman, C. Cuhna, R. Das, Jennifer E. Helsby, E. Sanchez Alvaro, R. Covarrubias, W. C. Wester, A. Bermeo, A. Roodman, M. W. G. Johnson, Gary Bernstein, Brian Yanny, Kara Hoffman, A. K. Romer, Jiangang Hao, Robert Armstrong, Paul Martini, D. W. Gerdes, A. Fausti Neto, Richard G. Kron, M. March, J. P. Dietrich, H. T. Diehl, D. James, K. Honscheid, Robert Williams, Peter Melchior, Niall MacCrann, James Etherington, M. Gelman, Juan Estrada, L. N. da Costa, B. Flaugher, C. B. D'Andrea, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Claudio Bruderer, P. Rooney, J. Katsaros, Lyndsay Old, Kevin Reil, H. M. Spinka, H. Campbell, A. Pujol, Alex G. Kim, S. E. Kuhlmann, L. Clerkin, Darren L. DePoy, Don Petravick, Robert A. Gruendl, R. Poulton, Steve Kent, A. A. Plazas, and Diego Capozzi

Subjects
Telescope, Physics, Galaxy groups and clusters, Observatory, law, Dark energy, Astronomy, Baryon acoustic oscillations, Astrophysics, Cosmology, Galaxy cluster, Weak gravitational lensing, law.invention
Abstract

The Dark Energy Survey (DES) is a next generation optical survey aimed at understanding the accelerating expansion of the universe using four complementary methods: weak gravitational lensing, galaxy cluster counts, baryon acoustic oscillations, and Type Ia supernovae. To perform the 5000 sq-degree wide field and 30 sq-degree supernova surveys, the DES Collaboration built the Dark Energy Camera (DECam), a 3 square-degree, 570-Megapixel CCD camera that was installed at the prime focus of the Blanco 4-meter telescope at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO). DES started its first observing season on August 31, 2013 and observed for 105 nights through mid-February 2014. This paper describes DES “Year 1” (Y1), the strategy and goals for the first year's data, provides an outline of the operations procedures, lists the efficiency of survey operations and the causes of lost observing time, provides details about the quality of the first year's data, and hints at the “Year 2” plan and outlook.

Published
2014
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43. Solar System Objects Observed in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Commissioning Data

Author

Željko Ivezić, Serge Tabachnik, Roman Rafikov, Robert H. Lupton, Tom Quinn, Mark Hammergren, Laurent Eyer, Jennifer Chu, John C. Armstrong, Xiaohui Fan, Kristian Finlator, Tom R. Geballe, James E. Gunn, Gregory S. Hennessy, Gillian R. Knapp, Sandy K. Leggett, Jeffrey A. Munn, Jeffrey R. Pier, Constance M. Rockosi, Donald P. Schneider, Michael A. Strauss, Brian Yanny, Jonathan Brinkmann, István Csabai, Robert B. Hindsley, Stephen Kent, Don Q. Lamb, Bruce Margon, Timothy A. McKay, J. Allyn Smith, Patrick Waddell, and Donald G. York

Subjects
Physics, Solar System, media_common.quotation_subject, Collisional family, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Mars Exploration Program, Asteroid family, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Asteroid, Magnitude (astronomy), Asteroid belt, media_common
Abstract

We discuss measurements of the properties of about 10,000 asteroids detected in 500 deg2 of sky in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) commissioning data. The moving objects are detected in the magnitude range 14 < r < 21.5, with a baseline of 5 minutes. Extensive tests show that the sample is at least 98% complete, with the contamination rate of less than 3%. We find that the size distribution of asteroids resembles a broken power-law, independent of the heliocentric distance: D^{-2.3} for 0.4 km 1 km in the asteroid belt, or about four times less than previous estimates. The distribution of main belt asteroids in the 4-dimensional SDSS color space is bimodal, and the two groups can be associated with S (rocky) and C (carbonaceous) asteroids. A strong bimodality is also seen in the heliocentric distribution of asteroids and suggests the existence of two distinct belts: the inner rocky belt, about 1 AU wide (FWHM) and centered at R~2.8 AU, and the outer carbonaceous belt, about 0.5 AU wide and centered at R~3.2 AU. The colors of Hungarias, Mars crossers, and near-Earth objects are more similar to the C-type than to S-type asteroids, suggesting that they originate in the outer belt. (abridged).

Published
2001
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44. Stellar Population Studies with the SDSS. I. The Vertical Distribution of Stars in the Milky Way

Author

Robert B. Hindsley, István Csabai, J. Allyn Smith, Brian Yanny, Alan Uomoto, Jeffrey R. Pier, James Annis, Jeffrey A. Munn, John E. Anderson, Bing Chen, Željko Ivezić, Donald G. York, Chris Stoughton, Robert H. Lupton, Jon Brinkmann, and Masataka Fukugita

Subjects
Physics, Milky Way, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Star count, Galactic plane, Dark matter halo, Galactic halo, Thin disk, Space and Planetary Science, Thick disk, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Halo, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We present star count data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey for 5.8 × 105 stars brighter than g' = 21 mag over 279 deg2 in two samples north and south of the Galactic plane. Using these high-latitude (49° < |b| < 64°) star counts we determine the Sun's distance from the Galactic midplane to be 27 ± 4 pc and the scale height of the old thin disk to be 330 ± 3 pc. Because of the photometric accuracy and large area sky coverage of these data, the color-magnitude diagram clearly reveals a significant thick-disk population distinct in color from a Galactic halo population. The position of the thick-disk turnoff is at g'-r' ~ 0.33. Several questions about the existence of the thick disk and its origin are addressed through a set of model fits to the star count data. Our best-fit model gives a thick-disk scale height between 580 and 750 pc, below the original proposal of Gilmore and Reid, and the corresponding space number density normalization is 13%-6.5% of the thin disk. The conclusions reached in this paper favor a scenario in which the thick disk formed through the heating of a preexisting thin disk, with the heating mechanism being the merging of a satellite galaxy. The density law for the Galactic halo population is also investigated. We find that the data support a flattened halo with c/a ~ 0.55 ± 0.06 and a relatively flat power-law index (2.5 ± 0.3). The axis ratio of the visible halo found in this paper is compatible with that of dark halo, suggesting that they have the same shape and dynamical origin.

Published
2001
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45. White Dwarfs in Common Proper Motion Binary Systems: Mass Distribution and Kinematics

Author

Nicole M. Silvestri, Terry D. Oswalt, Edward M. Sion, J. Allyn Smith, I. Neill Reid, and Matt A. Wood

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, Physics, endocrine system, Brown dwarf, Astronomy, White dwarf, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Stellar classification, Black dwarf, Future of an expanding universe, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Massive compact halo object, Blue dwarf, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Main sequence
Abstract

We present the mass distribution, gravitational redshifts, radial velocities, and space motions of white dwarf stars in common proper motion binary systems. The mass distribution we derive for the 41 DA white dwarfs in this study has a mean of 0.68 ± 0.04 M⊙. This distribution has a slightly higher mean and larger dispersion than most previous white dwarf studies. We hypothesize that this is due to a higher fraction of cool (average Teff ~ 10,000 K), hence old, white dwarfs in our sample. Our results indicate that samples made up of predominantly cool, old white dwarf stars tend to have a bimodal distribution with a second mass peak at ~1.0 M⊙, which skews the mean toward a higher mass. Both the mean and individual white dwarf masses we report here are in better agreement with those determined from model atmosphere spectroscopic fits to line profiles than with most previous gravitational redshift studies of cool white dwarfs. Our results indicate that measurement biases and weak geocoronal emission lines in the observed spectra may have affected previous gravitational redshift measurements. These have been minimized in our study. We present measurements for some previously unobserved white dwarfs, as well as independent new measurements for some that have been reported in the literature. A list of complete space motions for 50 wide binary white dwarfs is presented, derived from radial velocity measurements of their nondegenerate companions. We find that the UVW space motions and dispersions of the common proper motion binaries that contain white dwarf components are consistent with those of old, metal-poor disk stars.

Published
2001
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46. Weak Lensing with Sloan Digital Sky Survey Commissioning Data: The Galaxy-Mass Correlation Function to 1 [CLC][ITAL]h[/ITAL][/CLC][TSUP]−1[/TSUP] M[CLC]pc[/CLC]

Author

Aniruddha R. Thakar, Jeffrey A. Munn, Heidi Jo Newberg, Robert B. Hindsley, Robert H. Lupton, Thomas Nash, Timothy A. McKay, J. Allyn Smith, Neta A. Bahcall, Charles L. Hull, Gyula P. Szokoly, Russell Owen, Jeffrey R. Pier, Albert Stebbins, Željko Ivezić, Alexander S. Szalay, James E. Gunn, Patrick Waddell, David Johnston, Gregory S. Hennessy, Constance M. Rockosi, Michael A. Carr, Joshua A. Frieman, Gary Bernstein, István Csabai, David H. Weinberg, James Annis, Bhuvnesh Jain, Philippe Fischer, J. Brinkmann, Donald G. York, M. Joffre, Chris Stoughton, Donald P. Schneider, Siriluk Limmongkol, Andrew J. Connolly, Michael S. Vogeley, Gillian R. Knapp, and Erin S. Sheldon

Subjects
Luminous infrared galaxy, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Dark matter, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Redshift, Galaxy, Gravitational lens, Space and Planetary Science, Galaxy group, 0103 physical sciences, Elliptical galaxy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing
Abstract

We present measurements of galaxy-galaxy weak lensing from 225 deg2 of early commissioning imaging data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We measure a mean tangential shear around a stacked sample of foreground galaxies in three bandpasses (g', r', and i') out to angular radii of 600'', detecting the shear signal at very high statistical significance. The shear profile is well described by a power law γT = γT0(1'/θ)η, with best-fit slope of η = 0.7–1.1 (95% confidence). In the range θ = 10''–600'', the mean tangential shear is approximately 6 ± 1 × 10-4 in all three bands. A variety of rigorous tests demonstrate the reality of the gravitational lensing signal and confirm the uncertainty estimates. In particular, we obtain shear measurements consistent with zero when we rotate the background galaxies by 45°, replace foreground galaxies with random points, or replace foreground galaxies with bright stars. We interpret our results by assuming that all matter correlated with galaxies belongs to the galaxies. We model the mass distributions of the foreground galaxies, which have a mean luminosity L(θ 140'', corresponding to a physical radius of 260 h-1 kpc, implying that the dark halos of typical luminous galaxies extend to very large radii. However, it is likely that this is being systematically biased to large value by diffuse matter in the halos of groups and clusters of galaxies. We also present a preliminary determination of the galaxy-mass correlation function, finding a correlation length similar to the galaxy autocorrelation function and consistency with a low matter density universe with modest bias. The full SDSS will cover an area 44 times larger and provide spectroscopic redshifts for the foreground galaxies, making it possible to improve greatly the precision of these constraints, to measure additional parameters such as halo shape and halo concentration, and to measure the properties of dark matter halos separately for many different classes of galaxies.

Published
2000
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47. The Missing Link: Early Methane ('T') Dwarfs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

Author

S. K. Leggett, T. R. Geballe, Xiaohui Fan, Donald P. Schneider, James E. Gunn, Robert H. Lupton, G. R. Knapp, Michael A. Strauss, Alex McDaniel, David A. Golimowski, Todd J. Henry, Eric Peng, Zlatan I. Tsvetanov, Alan Uomoto, Wei Zheng, G. J. Hill, L. W. Ramsey, Scott F. Anderson, James A. Annis, Neta A. Bahcall, J. Brinkmann, Bing Chen, István Csabai, Masataka Fukugita, G. S. Hennessy, Robert B. Hindsley, Željko Ivezić, D. Q. Lamb, Jeffrey A. Munn, Jeffrey R. Pier, David J. Schlegel, J. Allyn Smith, Chris Stoughton, A. R. Thakar, and Donald G. York

Subjects
Physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Brown dwarf, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Effective temperature, Imaging data, Spectral line, Methane, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics::Chemical Physics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Methane absorption, Main sequence, media_common
Abstract

We report the discovery of three cool brown dwarfs which fall in the effective temperature gap between the latest L dwarfs currently known, with no methane absorption bands in the 1-2.5um range, and the previously known methane (T) dwarfs, whose spectra are dominated by methane and water. The newly discovered objects were detected as very red objects in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey imaging data and have JHK colors between the red L dwarfs and the blue Gl229B-like T dwarfs. They show both CO and methane absorption in their near-infrared spectra in addition to water, with weaker methane absorption features in the H and K bands than those in all other methane dwarfs reported to date. Due to the presence of methane in these bands, we propose that these objects are early T dwarfs. The three form part of the brown dwarf spectral sequence and fill in the large gap in the overall spectral sequence from the hottest main sequence stars to the coolest methane dwarfs currently known., One 5-page PS file incl. 1 table and 4 figures; accepted by ApJ Letters

Published
2000
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48. A Catalog of Photometry for Las Campanas Redshift Survey Galaxies on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey System

Author

Timothy A. McKay, J. Allyn Smith, Douglas L. Tucker, Erin S. Sheldon, David Sowards-Emmerd, and Francisco J. Castander

Subjects
Physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Redshift survey, Galaxy, Redshift, Red shift, Photometry (astronomy), Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Las Campanas Redshift Survey, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Photometric redshift, media_common
Abstract

We present high-quality photometry in the five Sloan Digital Sky Survey filters, u', g', r', i', and z', for 2195 galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts measured by the Las Campanas Redshift Survey. In addition, a polynomial photometric redshift estimator is derived, with an uncertainty of 0.035 out to z = 0.25.

Published
2000
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49. The Discovery of a Field Methane Dwarf from Sloan Digital Sky Survey Commissioning Data

Author

Michael A. Strauss, Xiaohui Fan, James E. Gunn, S. K. Leggett, T. R. Geballe, Jeffrey R. Pier, Robert H. Lupton, G. R. Knapp, James Annis, J. Brinkmann, J. H. Crocker, István Csabai, Masataka Fukugita, David A. Golimowski, Frederick H. Harris, G. S. Hennessy, Robert B. Hindsley, Željko Ivezić, Stephen Kent, D. Q. Lamb, Jeffrey A. Munn, Heidi Jo Newberg, Ron Rechenmacher, Donald P. Schneider, J. Allyn Smith, Chris Stoughton, Douglas L. Tucker, Patrick Waddell, and Donald G. York

Subjects
Physics, Solar mass, Field (physics), media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Brown dwarf, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Imaging data, Methane, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common
Abstract

We report the discovery of the coolest field dwarf yet known, selected as a stellar object with extremely red colors from commissioning imaging data of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Its spectrum from 0.8 to 2.5 microns is dominated by strong bands of H_2 O and CH_4. Its spectrum and colors over this range are very similar to those of Gliese 229B, the only other known example of a methane dwarf. It is roughly 1.2 mag fainter than Gliese 229B, implying that it lies at a distance of roughly 10 pc. Such a cool object must have a mass well below the hydrogen-burning limit of 0.08 solar masses, and therefore is a genuine brown dwarf, with a probable mass in the range 0.015-0.06 solar masses for an age range of 0.3-5 Gyr., Submitted to ApJ Letters. 14 pages Latex, with 3 embedded postscript figures

Published
1999
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