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6. Balancing the Benefits of Vaccination: an Envy-Free Strategy

Author

de Almeida, Pedro Ribeiro, Sanches, Vitor Hirata, and Goldman, Carla

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods, Physics - Physics and Society
Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic revealed the difficulties of vaccinating a population under the circumstances marked by urgency and limited availability of doses while balancing benefits associated with distinct guidelines satisfying specific ethical criteria (J.W. Wu, S.D. John, E.Y. Adashi, Allocating Vaccines in the Pandemic: The Ethical Dimension, The Am. J. of Medicine V.33(11): 1241 - 1242 (2020)). We offer a vaccination strategy that may be useful in this regard. It relies on the mathematical concept of envy-freeness. We consider finding balance by allocating the resource among individuals that seem to be heterogeneous concerning the direct and indirect benefits of vaccination, depending on age. The proposed strategy adapts a constructive approach in the literature based on Sperner`s Lemma to point out an approximate division of doses guaranteeing that both benefits are optimized each time a batch becomes available. Applications using data about population age distributions from diverse countries suggest that, among other features, this strategy maintains the desired balance throughout the entire vaccination period., Comment: 28 pages, 11 figures

Published
2023

9. Designing a Collaborative Storytelling Platform to Enrich Digital Cultural Heritage Archives and Collective Memory

Author

Velhinho, Ana, Alves, Mariana, Almeida, Pedro, Pedro, Luís, Goos, Gerhard, Series Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, van Leeuwen, Jan, Series Editor, Hutchison, David, Editorial Board Member, Kanade, Takeo, Editorial Board Member, Kittler, Josef, Editorial Board Member, Kleinberg, Jon M., Editorial Board Member, Kobsa, Alfred, Series Editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Editorial Board Member, Mitchell, John C., Editorial Board Member, Naor, Moni, Editorial Board Member, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series Editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Editorial Board Member, Sudan, Madhu, Series Editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Editorial Board Member, Tygar, Doug, Editorial Board Member, Weikum, Gerhard, Series Editor, Vardi, Moshe Y, Series Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Marcus, Aaron, editor, Rosenzweig, Elizabeth, editor, and Soares, Marcelo M., editor

Published
2024
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11. Isothermal annealing of radiation defects in bulk material of diodes from 8' silicon wafers

Author

Kieseler, Jan, Almeida, Pedro Goncalo Dias, Kaluzinska, Oliwia, Mühlnikel, Marie Christin, Diehl, Leena, Sicking, Eva, and Zehetner, Phillip

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The high luminosity upgrade of the LHC will provide unique physics opportunities, such as the observation of rare processes and precision measurements. However, the accompanying harsh radiation environment will also pose unprecedented challenged to the detector performance and hardware. In this paper, we study the radiation induced damage and its macroscopic isothermal annealing behaviour of the bulk material from new 8" silicon wafers using diode test structures. The sensor properties are determined through measurements of the diode capacitance and leakage current for three thicknesses, two material types, and neutron fluences from $6.5\cdot 10^{14}$ to $10^{16}\,\mathrm{neq/cm^2}$., Comment: 19 pages, 14 Figures

Published
2022

15. GIS in Architectural Teaching and Research: Planning and Heritage

Author

Santos, Bertha, Gonçalves, Jorge, Martins, Ana M., Pérez-Cano, Maria T., Mosquera-Adell, Eduardo, Dimelli, Despina, Lagarias, Apostolos, and Almeida, Pedro G.

Abstract

Geographical Information Systems (GISs) in architecture were initially limited to regional and urban development applications. Over recent years its potential has been recognized and its use has evolved to address urban planning and architectural heritage management subjects. Nevertheless, evidence shows that its use in architecture teaching is scarce and uneven. Directive 2007/2/EC, establishing the infrastructure for spatial information in the European Community (EU), is, in this way, an opportunity to develop a greater knowledge and application of GIS in the framework of higher education. In architecture, this can be achieved by problem solving based on real case scenarios, which can benefit from GIS-based techniques and analysis capabilities. In this paper, the authors aim to present a review of the use of GIS in teaching and research in architecture to assess its level in different European programmes. Experiences from three European universities (University of Seville, Spain, University of Beira Interior, Portugal, and Technical University of Crete, Greece), which are among the few in their respective countries that promote the inclusion of GIS in architectural education, particularly in the fields of urban and regional planning and architectural heritage, are compared and framed within the European scenario. The paper concludes with a reflection on the three universities' practice compared to the leading European architecture programmes listed in the main international university rankings. Main trends of future evolution on the use of GIS in architecture teaching are also presented.

Published
2021

19. Temporal changes in SARS-CoV-2 clearance kinetics and the optimal design of antiviral pharmacodynamic studies: an individual patient data meta-analysis of a randomised, controlled, adaptive platform study (PLATCOV)

Author

Callery, James, Cruz, Cintia, Taylor, Walter, Thaipadungpanit, Janjira, Ekkapongpisit, Maneerat, Kruabkontho, Varaporn, Ngernseng, Thatsanun, Tubprasert, Jaruwan, Abdad, Mohammad, Keayarsa, Srisuda, Anunsittichai, Orawan, Hongsuwan, Maliwan, Singhaboot, Yutatirat, Madmanee, Wanassanan, Tuntipaiboontana, Runch, Promsongsil, Amornrat, Saroj, Manisaree, Suwannasin, Kanokon, Beer, Ellen, Asawasriworanan, Tanatchakorn, Blacksell, Stuart, Panapipat, Salwaluk, Waithira, Naomi, Tarning, Joel, Tanglakmankhong, Nuttakan, Almeida, Pedro J, Aguiar, Renato S, Ascencao, Fernando, Esper, Lisia, Vongsouvath, Manivanh, Phommasone, Koukeo, Dubot-Pérès, Audrey, Vidhamaly, Sisouphanh, Chingsanoon, Ammala, Bisayher, Sixiong, Chommanam, Danoy, Evans, Terry, Vidhamaly, Vayouly, Boutthasavong, Latsaniphone, Vongphachanh, Susath, Potaporn, Manus, Srisubat, Attasit, Loharjun, Bootsakorn, Beg, M Asim, Kazi, Abdul Momin, Qamar, Farah, Ghanchi, Najia, Mahmood, Syed Faisal, Hanboonkunupakarn, Pongtorn, Sookprome, Sakol, Chotivanich, Vasin, Ruksakul, Wiroj, Sangketchon, Chunlanee, Wongnak, Phrutsamon, Schilling, William H K, Jittamala, Podjanee, Boyd, Simon, Luvira, Viravarn, Siripoon, Tanaya, Ngamprasertchai, Thundon, Batty, Elizabeth M, Singh, Shivani, Kouhathong, Jindarat, Pagornrat, Watcharee, Khanthagan, Patpannee, Hanboonkunupakarn, Borimas, Poovorawan, Kittiyod, Mayxay, Mayfong, Chotivanich, Kesinee, Imwong, Mallika, Pukrittayakamee, Sasithon, Ashley, Elizabeth A, Dondorp, Arjen M, Day, Nicholas P J, Teixeira, Mauro M, Piyaphanee, Watcharapong, Phumratanaprapin, Weerapong, White, Nicholas J, and Watson, James A

Published
2024
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31. Antiviral efficacy of molnupiravir versus ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir in patients with early symptomatic COVID-19 (PLATCOV): an open-label, phase 2, randomised, controlled, adaptive trial

Author

White, Nicholas J, Schilling, William HK, Phumratanaprapin, Weerapong, Luvira, Viravarn, Callery, James J, Day, Nicholas PJ, Pukrittayakamee, Sasithon, Boyd, Simon, Cruz, Cintia, Dondorp, Arjen M, Taylor, Walter RJ, Watson, James A, Piyaphanee, Watcharapong, Poovorawan, Kittiyod, Ngamprasertchai, Thundon, Siripoon, Tanaya, Hanboonkunupakarn, Borimas, Chotivanich, Kesinee, Jittamala, Podjanee, Imwong, Mallika, Thaipadungpanit, Janjira, Ekkapongpisit, Maneerat, Kruabkontho, Varaporn, Ngernseng, Thatsanun, Tubprasert, Jaruwan, Abdad, Mohammad Yazid, Batty, Elizabeth M, Singh, Shivani, Chotivanich, Vasin, Ruksakul, Wiroj, Sangketchon, Chunlanee, Hanboonkunupakarn, Pongtorn, Sookprome, Sakol, Teixeira, Mauro, Almeida, Pedro J, Aguiar, Renato S, Santos, Franciele, Ashley, Elizabeth, Vongsouvath, Manivanh, Phommasone, Koukeo, Dubot-Pérès, Audrey, Vidhamaly, Sisouphanh, Chingsanoon, Ammala, Bisayher, Sixiong, Chommanam, Danoy, Evans, Terry John, Vidhamaly, Vayouly, Boutthasavong, Latsaniphone, Mayxay, Mayfong, Potaporn, Manus, Srisubat, Attasit, Loharjun, Bootsakorn, Schilling, William H K, Saroj, Manisaree, Tanglakmankhong, Nuttakan, Madmanee, Wanassanan, Kouhathong, Jindarat, Suwannasin, Kanokon, Pagornrat, Watcharee, Piaraksa, Nattaporn, Taylor, Walter R J, Day, Nicholas P J, and Teixeira, Mauro M

Published
2024
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33. Adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 persist in the pharyngeal lymphoid tissue of children

Author

Xu, Qin, Milanez-Almeida, Pedro, Martins, Andrew J., Radtke, Andrea J., Hoehn, Kenneth B., Oguz, Cihan, Chen, Jinguo, Liu, Can, Tang, Juanjie, Grubbs, Gabrielle, Stein, Sydney, Ramelli, Sabrina, Kabat, Juraj, Behzadpour, Hengameh, Karkanitsa, Maria, Spathies, Jacquelyn, Kalish, Heather, Kardava, Lela, Kirby, Martha, Cheung, Foo, Preite, Silvia, Duncker, Patrick C., Kitakule, Moses M., Romero, Nahir, Preciado, Diego, Gitman, Lyuba, Koroleva, Galina, Smith, Grace, Shaffer, Arthur, McBain, Ian T., McGuire, Peter J., Pittaluga, Stefania, Germain, Ronald N., Apps, Richard, Schwartz, Daniella M., Sadtler, Kaitlyn, Moir, Susan, Chertow, Daniel S., Kleinstein, Steven H., Khurana, Surender, Tsang, John S., Mudd, Pamela, Schwartzberg, Pamela L., and Manthiram, Kalpana

Published
2023
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34. Versatile systems for characterization of large-area silicon pad sensors for highly-granular calorimetry

Author

de Almeida, Pedro Dias

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

High-granularity calorimeters utilizing silicon pad sensors as main active material are being designed for the CMS endcap calorimeter upgrade and have been proposed for the electromagnetic calorimeters at CLIC, ILC and FCC-ee. The silicon sensors in such experiments are foreseen to cover a very large area of O(1000 $\mathrm{m^2}$). They are typically produced from 6- or 8-inch wafers and consist of a few hundred smaller cells, each with an area of O(0.1 to 1.1 $\mathrm{cm^2}$). Currently the CMS endcap calorimeter upgrade is in a prototyping phase with the aim of choosing the final sensor design. Flexible systems are needed for quick sensor characterization as close as possible to operating conditions, for testing different prototypes and for quality control during mass production. The ARRAY system consists of an active switching matrix PCB with 512 input channels and a passive probe card specific for each sensor layout prototype. The probe card makes contact with each individual pad through spring-loaded pins. ARRAY is designed to measure the leakage current and capacitance per-cell for different bias voltages, keeping the entire sensor area under bias. The Hexaboard probe card follows a similar principle: readout electronics foreseen to be used in the final CMS detector are mounted on a PCB that makes contact with the sensor through spring-loaded pins. It is used to perform noise and charge collection efficiency measurements with irradiated sensors without the need for module assembly. We present the design of the ARRAY and Hexaboard systems as well as measurements performed on different CMS prototype silicon sensors. We also compare the results with alternative multi-needle setups.

Published
2020
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35. Clinical antiviral efficacy of favipiravir in early COVID-19 (PLATCOV): an open-label, randomised, controlled, adaptive platform trial

Author

Luvira, Viravarn, Schilling, William H. K., Jittamala, Podjanee, Watson, James A., Boyd, Simon, Siripoon, Tanaya, Ngamprasertchai, Thundon, Almeida, Pedro J., Ekkapongpisit, Maneerat, Cruz, Cintia, Callery, James J., Singh, Shivani, Tuntipaiboontana, Runch, Kruabkontho, Varaporn, Ngernseng, Thatsanun, Tubprasert, Jaruwan, Abdad, Mohammad Yazid, Keayarsa, Srisuda, Madmanee, Wanassanan, Aguiar, Renato S., Santos, Franciele M., Hanboonkunupakarn, Pongtorn, Hanboonkunupakarn, Borimas, Poovorawan, Kittiyod, Imwong, Mallika, Taylor, Walter R. J., Chotivanich, Vasin, Chotivanich, Kesinee, Pukrittayakamee, Sasithon, Dondorp, Arjen M., Day, Nicholas P. J., Teixeira, Mauro M., Piyaphanee, Watcharapong, Phumratanaprapin, Weerapong, and White, Nicholas J.

Published
2024
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43. Radon Concentration Potential in Bibala Municipality Water: Consequences for Public Consumption

Author

Kessongo, Joaquim, Bahu, Yoenls, Inacio, Margarida, Almeida, Pedro, Peralta, Luis, and Soares, Sandra

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics
Abstract

The primary motivation for this work is the evaluation of the radon concentration in portable water for human consumption in Bibala, a municipality in Angola, where granitic rocks are common, and contain a high concentration of uranium that can be mobilized in underground water. Radon is the largest contributor of radioactive pollution in underground water.Its concentration in water, represents a public health risk due to the fact that the gas can easily escape into the air, adding to the total indoor concentration of radon.On the other hand, ingestion of water with a high radon concentration represents an additional risk to the stomach. Measurements of radon concentration, in Bibala municipality's water, were performed on 16 samples obtained from wells of various depths and analyzed with DURRIDGEs' RAD7 equipment. Measured concentrations are in the range from 39.5 to 202 Bq/L , with 2 of the recovered samples presenting values over 100 Bq/L., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, 7 tables, presented at 3rd International Conference on Dosimetry and its Applications (ICDA-3), 27-31 May, 2019, Lisbon

Published
2019
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