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BackgroundDisordered eating behaviors (DEBs) are complex health issues that may lead to negative physical and mental health outcomes among college students. More studies should be directed toward the screening of DEBs. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of DEBs among Saudi female university students and their association with social networking site (SNSs) usage and composite lifestyle behaviors during the unprecedented period of COVID-19.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 445 females recruited using stratified random sampling. The participants self-reported demographic, social, medical, and lifestyle data and completed the validated Arabic version of the Eating Attitudes Test-26, Social Networking Sites (SNSs) Usage Questionnaire, Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale, and Body Shape Questionnaire.ResultsThe prevalence of DEBs was 27.2% among the female students at Taif University. From the pre-pandemic period until the current time, the DEBs-risk group had a significantly higher SNS navigation rate (36.4%) than the normal group (20.4%) (X2 = 30.015, p = 0.001). The regression analysis revealed that females with a significant body image concern, higher number of SNSs friends, and frequent visits to SNSs, and those seeking social-dependent information in relation to weight loss/dieting were more likely to develop DEBs (Overall Model: Chi-Square X2 = 158.071, p < 0.000**).ConclusionsSNSs usage and DEBs were associated during the COVID-pandemic. However, the composite lifestyle score did not demonstrate a significant association with DEBs among the female students at Taif University. Investigating the magnitude of DEBs and understanding the role of SNS are essential for preventing disordered eating among young females.

Background and Purpose: There is a significant impact of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) on individuals of all ages, professions, and fields from various countries worldwide, leading to a negative impact on quality of life and overall health outcomes. The study was conducted to investigate the association between Burnout syndrome (BS) and MSDs among physiotherapists in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross‐sectional study was carried out. Physiotherapists of either gender and with no known co‐morbidities and who were not suffering from recent injuries and accidents were included in the study. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was used to determine the level of burnout. Musculoskeletal disorders were analyzed using the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire (NMQ). The chi‐square test was used to observe the association between two categorical variables and a p‐value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: A total of 133 participants were recruited and it was observed that 70 (53%) participants had low burnout levels (BoL). It was revealed that 65 (49%) had trouble in the neck and visited a physician clinic, 47 (35%) had trouble in the lower back during the last 12 months, 60 (45%) had trouble in the upper back during the last 12 months that prevented the normal activity and 13 (9.8%) participants had trouble in the shoulders during the last 7 days. History of chronic disease, education, practice setting, and smoking status with Burnout level was statistically significant. Trouble in the upper back, elbow, wrist/hands, hips/thighs, ankle/feet, and neck were also found to be significant. Conclusion: The outcomes revealed that a few demographic factors such as education, practice setting, smoking status, and chronic disease history were significantly associated with BS. Furthermore, it was observed that MSD had a significant impact on BoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Ethical dilemmas in healthcare, particularly in emergency medical services (EMS), present significant challenges for healthcare workers (HCWs), necessitating a profound understanding of ethics and decision-making. This study assesses the ethical awareness and practices among HCWs in emergency departments of tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia, aiming to identify areas of strength and opportunities for improvement. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 256 HCWs, including physicians, nurses, and administrative staff, in emergency departments across tertiary hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire evaluated participants' knowledge of healthcare ethics, their experiences with ethical dilemmas, and the sources from which they derived their ethical understanding. Results: The majority of participants exhibited a commendable level of ethical knowledge and practice, with frequent encounters of ethical or legal issues highlighting the pervasive nature of ethical challenges in emergency healthcare settings. Key sources of ethical knowledge included experiential learning and academic lectures, with a notable emphasis on practical experience. Despite the satisfactory level of ethical awareness, areas requiring further educational focus were identified, emphasizing the need for enhanced ethics training tailored to the emergency medical context. Discussion: The findings underline the critical importance of incorporating ethics into the core of healthcare education and ongoing professional development for HCWs. Establishing a culture of continuous ethical dialogue and learning is essential for fostering patient-centered care and making informed ethical decisions in the fast-paced environment of emergency services. The study advocates for revising current ethics training programs to ensure they are comprehensive, relevant, and accessible, preparing HCWs to effectively address both current and future ethical challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aim of the study: To compare early versus interval LC in the treatment of acute benign gallbladder disease with their subsequent benefits or hazards with focused monitoring of the perioperative outcome and in-hospital economic burden, as the time-setting of surgery remains an area of considerable variation despite laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) being the definitive management. The precise cut-off time beyond which it is not advisable to operate on these patients has yet to be conclusively defined in the literature. Patients and methods: Using data from a prospective multicentric study conducted on nine hundred patients with ACC examining the outcomes of LC (either early or interval) with focusing on the cost-effectiveness and perioperative outcomes. Results: Six hundred patients of group A had early LC While three hundred patients had interval LC. Females represented 73.3% of all studied populations. Patients with WBCs > 11000 were 450. there was a statistically significant decrease of operative time in group B when compared to group A (84.63 ± 9.82 vs 109.30 ± 9.65 minutes respectively). Higher hospital costs were observed in group B than in the other one. There was a statistically significant decrease of LOS in group A when compared to group B (3.76 ± 1.07 vs 9.36 ± 1.47 days, respectively). Earlier return to work was noticed in group A with a significant difference. Conclusion: Early LC in ACC is a feasible solution with a low complication rate, short hospital stays, and less cost. The benefits of this approach will likely be improved health outcomes for patients and cost savings for healthcare providers. Interval laparoscopic cholecystectomy is an alternative solution especially when equipment or experience are lacking but carry the risk of readmission or more attacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In the pursuit of developing more potent and effective targeted kinase inhibitors (TKIs), a series of new compounds, specifically halogenated '(E)-4-((7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-N'-benzylidenebenzohydrazides', were successfully synthesized in three steps with high yields. Among these novel compounds, namely 5e, 5h, 5k, and 5l, promising cytotoxic effects were observed against four different cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 29 to 59 µM. Notably, compound 5k emerged as the most potent inhibitor, exhibiting significant activity against EGFR, Her2, VEGFR2, and CDK2 enzymes, with IC50 values ranging from 40 to 204 nM, comparable to the well-known TKI sunitinib (IC50 = 261 nM). Mechanistic investigations of compound 5k revealed its ability to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 cells, accompanied by a notable increase in proapoptotic proteins caspase-3 and Bax, as well as the downregulation of Bcl-2 activity. Furthermore, molecular docking studies indicated similar binding interactions between compound 5k and the four enzymes, as observed with sunitinib. These findings highlight the potential of compound 5k as a promising candidate for further development as a multi-targeted kinase inhibitor with enhanced potency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To analyze laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) mesh fixation and non-fixation in the perioperative outcome and cost-utility for inguinal hernia repair. Patients with groin hernias were introduced to laparoscopic TAPP repair to reduce the possibility of recurrence and other complications. Postoperative pain and nerve injury may be exacerbated by mesh fixation. Following preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair, there is controversy as to whether mesh should be fixed to prevent recurrences. Materials and methods: From the month of February 2017 to January 2018, 60 patients with inguinal hernias were studied prospectively. Using the TAPP approach under general anesthesia (GA) by the same team, thirty hernias were selected randomly and repaired with the fixation of mesh, and the other thirty ones were repaired without mesh fixation with no attention to the type of hernia (direct or indirect) or the size of the defect. Routine clinical examinations were performed for 6 months on all patients as a regular follow-up. Results: The operative time ranged from 37 to 92 minutes, (with a mean time of 60.44 minutes) in the mesh fixation group and from 40 to 83 minutes (with a mean time of 54.9 minutes). In the mesh fixation group, 15 cases were Rt indirect inguinal hernias. In the mesh non-fixation group, 18 cases were Rt indirect inguinal hernia. The length of the hospital stays ranges from 1 to 3 days with no significance. No statistical significance was noted as regards operative time, intraoperative injury, hospital stay, mesh migration, nerve entrapment, and postoperative analgesia. The significance was observed in cost-utility which represented the cost of trackers mainly. Conclusion: No recorded significance as regards operative time, intraoperative injury, hospital stay, mesh migration, nerve entrapment, and postoperative analgesia within the analysis of laparoscopic TAPP mesh fixation and non-fixation. Clinical significance: Mesh without fixation is a viable method and less costly that has the same benefits and excludes risks of fixation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]