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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior O gênero Alouatta possui morfologia craniana distinta e notável. Esses animais possuem um crânio em formato piramidal e especializado, onde se abriga um osso hioide desenvolvido em um potente aparato vocal. Pela falta de estudos morfométricos que incluam a espécie Alouatta guariba, o objetivo principal desse estudo foi avaliar a variação morfogeométrica do formato crânio de A. guariba adultos, adicionalmente também caracterizou a variação ao longo das faixas etárias. Para isso, foram incluídos 92 espécimes, sendo analisadas três vistas: dorsal, lateral e ventral. Os testes de dimorfismo sexual foram realizados apenas com indivíduos adultos e de sexo conhecido e levaram em consideração tamanho e forma separadamente. Para análises de tamanho, o tamanho de centroide foi submetido ao teste de Kruskal- Wallis. Para forma, duas abordagens foram realizadas: Componentes Principais e regressão bivariada. Para as diferenças do formato entre as classes etárias, aplicou- se a análise de componente alométrico comum (CAC). Os resultados indicam que o dimorfismo sexual na forma do crânio é fortemente associado ao tamanho (i.e., alometria). A alometria se manifesta no achatamento do teto do crânio, expansão do arco zigomático, posicionamento do forame magnum e desenvolvimento do palato. As variações morfológicas entre as faixas etárias indicam que as fêmeas adultas são mais parecidas com os jovens do que com os machos adultos. As mudanças na morfologia craniana relacionadas à ontogenia se manifestam no arco zigomático, teto do crânio, projeção da face, posicionamento do forame magnum e desenvolvimento do palato. Nossos resultados fornecem evidências para a compreensão da variação morfológica em A. guariba e contribuem para o maior entendimento dos padrões de dimorfismo sexual e ontogenia no gênero. Palavras-chave: Morfologia craniana. Primatas. Alometria. The genus Alouatta has distinctive and remarkable cranial morphology. These animals have a specialized pyramid-shaped skull, which houses a hyoid bone developed into a powerful vocal apparatus. Due to the lack of morphometric studies that include the species Alouatta guariba, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the morphogeometric variation of the skull shape of A. guariba adults, additionally also characterizing the variation along the age groups. We study the skull shape of 92 specimens and three views were analyzed: dorsal, lateral, and ventral. Tests for sexual dimorphism were performed only with adults of known sex and we considered the size and shape separately. For size analyses, the centroid size was submitted to Kruskal- Wallis’s test. For shape, we carried out two approaches: Principal Components and bivariate regression. For differences in shape between age groups, we performed an analysis of the common allometric component (CAC). Our results indicate that sexual dimorphism in skull shape is highly influenced by size (i.e., allometry). Allometry is manifested in the braincase flattening, expansion of the zygomatic arch, positioning of the foramen magnum, and development of the palate. Morphological variations between age groups indicate that adult females are more similar to juveniles than to adult males. Changes in cranial morphology related to ontogeny are manifested in the zygomatic arch, braincase, projection of the face, positioning of the foramen magnum, and development of the palate. Our results provide evidence for the understanding of morphological variation in A. guariba and contribute to a better understanding of patterns of sexual dimorphism and ontogeny in the genus. Keywords: Cranial Morphology. Primates. Allometry.

Orientador: Eleonore Zulnara Freire Setz Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia Resumo: Parâmetros populacionais são importantes indicadores de como as populações estão superando condições desfavoráveis e quais as suas perspectivas de sobrevivência a longo prazo. No período de dezembro de 1999 a dezembro de 2001, nós acompanhamos bimestralmente 10 grupos de bugios ruivos (Alouatta guariba clamitans) residentes em três fragmentos florestais nos municípios de Porto Alegre e Viamão, RS. Foram realizadas 13 expedições nas quais foram registrados os seguintes dados: data, horário, local e composição social de cada grupo. O intervalo médio entre os monitoramentos foi de 50,2 dias, totalizando 149 dias de campo e 219 encontros com grupos de bugios. O tamanho médio dos grupos foi de 8,2 indivíduos, sendo 1,3 machos adultos; 2,6 fêmeas adultas; 0,3 machos subadultos; 0,8 juvenis II; 2,3 juvenis I; 0,6 infantes II e 0,4 infantes I. Todos os grupos apresentaram alterações na composição social ao longo dos dois anos. Foram registrados 31 nascimentos, sendo a taxa anual de natalidade de 0,6 por fêmea adulta. O intervalo médio entre os nascimentos foi estimado em 14,7 meses. No decorrer do período, foram observados 16 casos de desaparecimentos (emigrações e/ou mortes) e uma imigração de uma fêmea adulta. Para enriquecimento da análise foram considerados mais cinco casos de desaparecimentos ocorridos em 1999 nos grupos de estudo, observados no período piloto e através de relatos de outros pesquisadores. Ao longo dos dois anos de monitoramento, o tamanho médio de área de vida estimado para os dez grupos foi de 4,4 ha pelo método do polígono mínimo convexo e 4,2 ha pelo método de esquadrinhamento (25x25m). A área de uso individual variou entre 0,2 a 1,1; com média de 0,5 ha por indivíduo. A sobreposição de áreas de uso variou de 0 a 39%. A densidade populacional e o tamanho de fragmentos foram os fatores mais determinantes no tamanho da área de uso e parecem ser melhores previsores para a espécie como um todo. Os resultados demonstraram um tamanho de grupo médio superior ao encontrado na literatura, altas taxas reprodutivas e variações relevantes na composição social dos grupos, indicando uma situação de crescimento populacional e dinâmica dos grupos intensa. A sobrevivência destas populações a longo prazo, no entanto, é incerta, devido à alta pressão de ocupação urbana e conseqüente fragmentação do hábitat, dificultando a dispersão efetiva dos indivíduos e aumentando as chances de depressão por endocruzamento Abstract: Population parameters are important indicators of how populations are overcoming unfavourable conditions and of their perspectives of long term survival. Ten groups of brown howler monkeys (Alouatta guariba clamitans) living in three forest fragments around the cities of Porto Alegre and Viamão, RS, were followed bimonthly from December 1999 to December 2001. Thirteen expeditions were carried out and the following information was registered: date, time, location, and social composition of each group. The average interval between the expeditions was 50.2 days, with a total of 142 days on site and 214 encounters with groups of howler monkeys. The groups had an average size of 8.2 individuals, 1.3 adult males; 2.6 adult females; 0.3 subadult males; 0.8 juveniles II; 2.3 juveniles I; 0.6 infants II and 0.4 infants I. All groups presented alterations in social composition during the two-year period. Thirty-one births were registered, with an annual birth rate of 0.6 per adult female. The average interval between births was estimated in 14.7 months. Sixteen disappearances cases (emigrations and/or deaths) and the immigration of one adult female were observed during this period. Five additional disappearances cases within the study groups were considered in order to enhance the analysis. They all occurred in 1999 and were observed during the pilot period or reported by other researchers. The estimated average home range of all ten groups during the two-year monitoring was 4.4 ha using the minimum convex polygon method, and 4.2 ha using the grid method (25x25m). The area of individual use varied between 0.2 and 1.1, with an average of 0.5 ha per individual. The overlap of home range varied between 0 and 39%. Population density and size of fragments were the most important factors determining the size of use area and seem to be better predictors for the species as a whole. The results demonstrated an average group size superior to that found in literature, high reproductive rates and relevant variations in the social composition of groups, indicating population increase and intense group dynamics. However, the long term survival of these populations is uncertain due to the high pressure of urban occupation and the consequent fragmentation of their habitat, making the effective dispersal of individuals more difficult, and increasing the chances of depression by inbreeding Doutorado Ecologia Doutor em Ecologia

Alouatta guariba clamitans Cabrera, 1940 is an endemic species of the Atlantic Forest that occurs from south Bahia, Brazil, extending south to the province of Misiones, Argentina. In Rio de Janeiro state, the species was classified as threatened, indicating that attention is needed for the conservation of this taxon. Additionally, an outbreak of yellow fever spread throughout the southeastern states of Brazil from January 2017 until March 2018 seriously threatening Rio de Janeiro populations of the species. Herein, we aimed to provide the first estimates of A. g. clamitans encounter rate, density, and population size in the Ilha Grande State Park (PEIG), which is part of the Atlantic Forest biome of Brazil. Data were collected in two different periods, the first between December 2003 and May 2005, and the second from August 2009 to May 2010, and information on encounter rates and behavior was collected to better understand aspects of species' ecology. The estimated encounter rate in the first period through the distance sampling method was 0.04 ± 0.01 individuals per kilometer. Nine groups were recorded in the second period of the study, with 47 individuals along 3 km. Our estimates of encounter rate, density and population size were low and reinforces the need to initiate species monitoring and assess the impact that yellow fever outbreaks may have on PEIG populations. The results presented here can be a starting point to support future strategic actions for the species, to measure impacts and to the management of the species, and for a conservation program.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-01T13:08:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-12-01Bitstream added on 2014-10-01T14:03:01Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-736X2013001200012.pdf: 712853 bytes, checksum: 89effe17e843ec9265298ee27b274a4d (MD5) A presente pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de desenvolver e adaptar técnicas diagnósticas em neurologia para primatas não humanos, da espécie Alouatta guariba Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812 (bugio-ruivo) saudáveis e mantidos em cativeiro. Foram realizadas análises físico-químicas e citológicas do líquido cefalorraquidiano obtido na cisterna magna de oito bugios-ruivos. Para realização dos exames, todos os animais foram contidos quimicamente com associação de cetamina, xilazina e midazolam e anestesia inalatória com isoflurano. Os resultados das análises do líquido cefalorraquidiano demonstraram valores médios de proteína: 16,92mg/dL±9,84; glicose: 131,25mg/dL±106,7; pH: 8,37±0,69; células nucleadas: 0,5/mm³±0,75; hemácias: 49,37/mm³±111,76 e pressão: 7,37cm H2O±1,77. O trabalho demonstrou a segurança e a eficácia da colheita do líquido cefalorraquidiano na cisterna magna de Alouatta guariba e os valores de referência para a espécie. This survey was conducted with the objective of developing and adapting diagnostic techniques in neurology for non-human primates, of the species Alouatta guariba Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812 (howler monkey) healthy and kept in captivity. Physical-chemical analyses were carried out in cerebrospinal fluid and its pressure measurement in the cisterna magna. Eight animals were used for the analysis of cerebrospinal fluid. In all procedures, were used chemical restraint and anesthesia with ketamine, xylazine and association of midazolam and inhalational anesthesia with isoflurane for carrying out the spinal tap. The cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed average values: protein: 16.92±9.84; glucose: 131.25mg/dL±106.7; pH: 8.37±0.69; nucleated cells: 0.5/mm³±0.75; red blood cells: 49.37/mm³±111.76 and CSF cisternal pressure: 7.37cm H2O±1.77. This study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of cerebrospinal fluid collection in the cisterna magna of Alouatta guariba, and the reference values for the specie. Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Departamento de Clínica Veterinária Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Departamento de Cirurgia e Anestesiologia Veterinária Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Departamento de Clínica Veterinária, Serviço de Neurologia Veterinária Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu Departamento de Neurologia, Psiquiatria e Psicologia Médica Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Departamento de Clínica Veterinária Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Departamento de Cirurgia e Anestesiologia Veterinária Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Departamento de Clínica Veterinária, Serviço de Neurologia Veterinária Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu Departamento de Neurologia, Psiquiatria e Psicologia Médica

Um grupo de primatas da espécie Alouatta guariba foi estudado em seu habitat natural na Mata Atlântica, onde foi observada uma drástica redução populacional dessa espécie. Suspeita-se que essa redução se deve à inibição da fertilidade das fêmeas devido ao consumo de Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J.F. Macbr., Fabaceae, Platypodium elegans Vogel, Fabaceae e Brosimum guianense (Aubl.) Huber, Moraceae. Estudos fitoquímicos indicaram a presença de cumarinas, especialmente em B. guianense e P. elegans, cujo efeito adverso no desenvolvimento de folículos ovarianos foi previamente relatado em ratas. Este trabalho investiga a atividade estrogênica dessas plantas no útero e vagina utilizando ratas castradas como modelo experimental. Ratas Wistar pubescentes castradas foram tratadas por cinco dias com os extratos hidroalcoólicos de A. leiocarpa, P. elegans and B. guianense (50 mg/rata). Foram analisados os seguintes parâmetros: peso de útero e hipófise, cornificação e abertura vaginal. Os resultados preliminares obtidos mostraram que a administração dos extratos não alterou significativamente as variáveis analisadas, indicando, indiretamente, a ausência de efeito estrogênico no sistema reprodutor das ratas tratadas com as plantas citadas. Esses dados sugerem que o consumo dessas plantas não está relacionado com a redução populacional observada no grupo de primatas da espécie A. guariba.A group of primates (Alouatta guariba) was studied in its natural habitat, where a drastic populational reduction was detected. It is suspected that this reduction is due to the inhibition of fertility caused by the consumption of Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J.F. Macbr., Fabaceae, Platypodium elegans Vogel, Fabaceae, and Brosimum guianense (Aubl.) Huber, Moraceae. These plants are reported to have cumarins, which have been shown to affect ovarian follicular development in rats. This work investigates the estrogenic activity of these plants on the uterus and vagina using castrated rats as the biological model. Pubescent castrated rats were treated for five days with A. leiocarpa, P. elegans and B. guianense hydroalcoholic extracts (50 mg/rat). Uterus and pituitary gland weight, vaginal cornification and opening were evaluated. The results showed that the administration of the extracts did not significantly alter the parameters analyzed. This preliminary investigation indirectly indicates the absence of estrogenic effect on the rat reproductive system and no relation to the populational reduction of this particular group of primates.

We studied the diet of the ocelot and puma during the years 2007 and 2008 at the Feliciano Miguel Abdala Reserve, in Minas Gerais, south-eastern Brazil. We collected 49 faecal samples (scats) from cats, and identified the species of cat from 23 of them by the analysis of the microstructure patterns of hairs found in their faeces: 17 scats of the puma (Puma concolor) and six of the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis). In the puma scats, we identified three species of primates (Brachyteles hypoxanthus, Alouatta guariba and Sapajus nigritus), the remains of which were found in eight of 17 collected (47.1%), representing 26.7% of items consumed. For the ocelot, we detected capuchin monkey (S. nigritus) remains in three of the six scats (50%), accounting for 18.7% of items consumed by ocelot. We were unable to identify the cat species in the remaining 26 faecal samples, but we were able to analyse the food items present. Primates were found in five of these 26 faeces (19.2%) and represented 10.2% of the items found. Although the sample size is limited, our results indicate a relatively high consumption of primates by felines. We believe that this high predation may be the result of the high local density of primates as well as the greater exposure to the risks of predation in fragmented landscapes, which tends to increase the incidence of the primates using the ground.

We studied the diet of the ocelot and puma during the years 2007 and 2008 at the Feliciano Miguel Abdala Reserve, in Minas Gerais, south-eastern Brazil. We collected 49 faecal samples (scats) from cats, and identified the species of cat from 23 of them by the analysis of the microstructure patterns of hairs found in their faeces: 17 scats of the puma (Puma concolor) and six of the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis). In the puma scats, we identified three species of primates (Brachyteles hypoxanthus, Alouatta guariba and Sapajus nigritus), the remains of which were found in eight of 17 collected (47.1%), representing 26.7% of items consumed. For the ocelot, we detected capuchin monkey (S. nigritus) remains in three of the six scats (50%), accounting for 18.7% of items consumed by ocelot. We were unable to identify the cat species in the remaining 26 faecal samples, but we were able to analyse the food items present. Primates were found in five of these 26 faeces (19.2%) and represented 10.2% of the items found. Although the sample size is limited, our results indicate a relatively high consumption of primates by felines. We believe that this high predation may be the result of the high local density of primates as well as the greater exposure to the risks of predation in fragmented landscapes, which tends to increase the incidence of the primates using the ground. Nós estudamos a dieta de jaguatiricas e onças-pardas entre os anos de 2007 e 2008 na Reserva Feliciano Miguel Abdala, em Minas Gerais, sudeste do Brasil. Nós coletamos 49 amostras fecais de felinos, em 23 das quais foi possível a identificação do predador através da análise do padrão microestrutural dos seus pelos encontrados nas fezes, sendo 17 fezes de onça-parda (Puma concolor) e seis de jaguatirica (Leopardus pardalis). Nas amostras de onça-parda nós identificamos três espécies de primatas (Brachyteles hypoxanthus, Alouatta guariba e Sapajus nigritus), cujas partes não digeridas foram encontradas em oito das 17 fezes coletadas, representando 26,7% dos itens consumidos por onças-pardas. Para jaguatirica, nós detectamos macacos-prego (S. nigritus) em três de seis fezes, o que correspondeu a 18,7% dos itens consumidos. Para as 26 amostras fecais restantes, cuja identificação do predador não foi possível, nós analisamos os itens alimentares presentes. Restos de primatas foram identificados em cinco dessas fezes (19,3%), representando 10,2% dos itens encontrados. Apesar do tamanho da amostra ser limitado, nossos resultados indicam uma taxa relativamente alta de consumo de primatas por felinos. Nós acreditamos que essa alta taxa de predação pode ser resultado da grande densidade local de primatas, bem como do aumento do risco de predação em paisagens fragmentadas, o que tende a aumentar a incidência do uso do chão por parte dos primatas.

We studied the diet of the ocelot and puma during the years 2007 and 2008 at the Feliciano Miguel Abdala Reserve, in Minas Gerais, south-eastern Brazil. We collected 49 faecal samples (scats) from cats, and identified the species of cat from 23 of them by the analysis of the microstructure patterns of hairs found in their faeces: 17 scats of the puma (Puma concolor) and six of the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis). In the puma scats, we identified three species of primates (Brachyteles hypoxanthus, Alouatta guariba and Sapajus nigritus), the remains of which were found in eight of 17 collected (47.1%), representing 26.7% of items consumed. For the ocelot, we detected capuchin monkey (S. nigritus) remains in three of the six scats (50%), accounting for 18.7% of items consumed by ocelot. We were unable to identify the cat species in the remaining 26 faecal samples, but we were able to analyse the food items present. Primates were found in five of these 26 faeces (19.2%) and represented 10.2% of the items found. Although the sample size is limited, our results indicate a relatively high consumption of primates by felines. We believe that this high predation may be the result of the high local density of primates as well as the greater exposure to the risks of predation in fragmented landscapes, which tends to increase the incidence of the primates using the ground.

Um grupo de primatas da espécie Alouatta guariba foi estudado em seu habitat natural na Mata Atlântica, onde foi observada uma drástica redução populacional dessa espécie. Suspeita-se que essa redução se deve à inibição da fertilidade das fêmeas devido ao consumo de Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J.F. Macbr., Fabaceae, Platypodium elegans Vogel, Fabaceae e Brosimum guianense (Aubl.) Huber, Moraceae. Estudos fitoquímicos indicaram a presença de cumarinas, especialmente em B. guianense e P. elegans, cujo efeito adverso no desenvolvimento de folículos ovarianos foi previamente relatado em ratas. Este trabalho investiga a atividade estrogênica dessas plantas no útero e vagina utilizando ratas castradas como modelo experimental. Ratas Wistar pubescentes castradas foram tratadas por cinco dias com os extratos hidroalcoólicos de A. leiocarpa, P. elegans and B. guianense (50 mg/rata). Foram analisados os seguintes parâmetros: peso de útero e hipófise, cornificação e abertura vaginal. Os resultados preliminares obtidos mostraram que a administração dos extratos não alterou significativamente as variáveis analisadas, indicando, indiretamente, a ausência de efeito estrogênico no sistema reprodutor das ratas tratadas com as plantas citadas. Esses dados sugerem que o consumo dessas plantas não está relacionado com a redução populacional observada no grupo de primatas da espécie A. guariba. A group of primates (Alouatta guariba) was studied in its natural habitat, where a drastic populational reduction was detected. It is suspected that this reduction is due to the inhibition of fertility caused by the consumption of Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J.F. Macbr., Fabaceae, Platypodium elegans Vogel, Fabaceae, and Brosimum guianense (Aubl.) Huber, Moraceae. These plants are reported to have cumarins, which have been shown to affect ovarian follicular development in rats. This work investigates the estrogenic activity of these plants on the uterus and vagina using castrated rats as the biological model. Pubescent castrated rats were treated for five days with A. leiocarpa, P. elegans and B. guianense hydroalcoholic extracts (50 mg/rat). Uterus and pituitary gland weight, vaginal cornification and opening were evaluated. The results showed that the administration of the extracts did not significantly alter the parameters analyzed. This preliminary investigation indirectly indicates the absence of estrogenic effect on the rat reproductive system and no relation to the populational reduction of this particular group of primates.

Background: Dermatophytoses are cosmopolitan contagious mycoses of the skin and concern a wide range of mammals, including man, and more rarely birds. These mycoses are rarely diagnosed in New World Primates. The most frequent tinea of the subhuman Primates is microsporosis due to Microsporum canis or trichophytosis by Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T. simii. The main clinical features are regular alopecia with erythema and squamosis, usually non-pruriginous although various degree of inammation may modify this typical aspect. As a consequence, an accurate clinical examination, a good differential diagnosis and laboratory analyses are required for a correct identification. Alouatta guariba are primates found from the Amazon region up to the Argentina Norwest. Due to the population development and expansion of the urban perimeters these animals are loosing their space in their own natural habitat and being exposed to more closed relationship with domestic animals and humans. This report contains five cases of dermatophytoses caused by Microsporum canis in Alouatta sp., which were treated in a private clinic in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Case: Five females of Alouatta guariba with aged between 2 and 8 months old were admitted in a private veterinary clinic (Toca dos Bichos, Porto Alegre). Each of them had different injuries (electric chock, death of the parent due gun shot, aggression between families and dog bite) and were admitted in different dates. All five primates were presented with intense pruritus after 7 or 10 days of admission. At physical examination lesions characteristic of dermatophytoses were found. To establish a definitive diagnosis it was collected fur and skin and the material was send to the Mycology Laboratory of the Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. The fungic culture was positive for Microsporum canis. The treatment established was fluconazole, 18 mg/kg/day PO, mixed in smashed bananas. After two weeks of treatment, a sensitive clinic improvement was seen in all primates, characterized by diminishing of pruritus and alopecic areas. At 30 days of treatment the animals had no clinical signs of lesions and had their fur completely re-grown. The medication was administered for more 15 days, totalizing 45 days of treatment, at which time the animals were considered cured. The primates were monitored for more 30 days after the last dose of fluconazole. Discussion: Case reports on the isolation of Microsporum canis in non-human primates, mainly in New World Primates, are very rare in the Brazilian literature. It is necessary more cohesive approach to nonhuman primate (NHP) dermatology, without relying on assumptions that it is similar to other veterinary disease. Mycological culture remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of animal dermatophytosis and the only method for the phenotypic identication of dermatophyte species. The fluconazole treatment proved to be highly effective, as the animals were all cured and there was no side effects related. This case report proves the importance of a correct mycological diagnostic in free-range animals as an effective treatment in Alouatta guariba.

Orientadores: Marlene Tiduko Ueta, Eleonore Zulnara Freire Setz Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia Resumo: Durante o período de agosto de 2003 a julho de 2004 foram realizadas coletas mensais de fezes de bugios-ruivos, Alouatta guariba (Primates, Atelidae), em um fragmento de Floresta Atlântica Semidecídua, a Mata Ribeirão Cachoeira, situada no Distrito de Souzas ¿ Campinas/SP, com 234 hectares. As fezes foram coletadas ao longo de duas trilhas longitudinais dentro do fragmento florestal, um pela calha do riacho e outro por uma trilha paralela com 4.000m de comprimento, com o objetivo de realizar um estudo de helmintos intestinais nestes animais. Foram realizadas 13 coletas com um total de 112 amostras, entre fezes frescas (N=102) e secas (N=10), que foram processadas qualitativamente pelos métodos de sedimentação Hoffman e Rugai e pelos métodos de flutuação Faust e Willis. Das 112 amostras, 61 foram positivas para ovos, larvas ou adultos de nematódeos, representando 54,5%. Os tipos morfológicos de nematódeos encontrados, foram identificados neste trabalho, pela numeração seqüencial, conforme foram sendo observados. Foram encontrados sete tipos morfológicos de ovos, nove tipos morfológicos de larvas e sete de nematódeos adultos. Os ovos tipo 2 de Trypanoxyuris (Trypanoxyuris) minutus (Oxyuridae), foram encontrados em fezes nos dois percursos em nove coletas. Ovos tipo 1 foram pouco freqüentes (N=5) e observados somente em um dos meses de coleta (agosto/2003); são ovos com características morfológicas compatíveis a Strongyloides sp., já relatado para primatas do gênero Alouatta mas, devido ao pequeno número, não houve confirmação. O nematódeo adulto tipo 1 (Oxyuridae, Cosmocercinae) foi o mais comum, ocorrendo em sete coletas no riacho e duas coletas na trilha, tanto em fezes frescas, como secas. O adulto tipo 7, de Trypanoxyuris (Trypanoxyuris) minutus foi observado somente em uma coleta (junho/2004), na trilha paralela. Os outros cinco tipos morfológicos de nematódeos adultos, foram encontrados entre os meses de abril e junho/2004 na trilha, exceto o adulto tipo 6 que foi encontrado no riacho. As amostras fecais mostraram-se positivas para alguma forma de nematódeo em dez coletas do período de estudo Abstract: From August 2003 to July 2004 I collected fecal samples from the Brown-howler-monkey Alouatta guariba (Primates, Atelidae) monthly in a 234 ha Semideciduous Atlantic Forest fragment (Mata Ribeirao Cachoeira - Campinas/SP) in order to identify intestinal helminths. Feces were collected along two transects inside the forest fragment, one following the stream and the other on a parallel trail, each 4 km long, with the purpose of examining howlers intestinal helminths. On 13 sampling trips 112 samples (102 fresh and 10 dry scats) were collected. All the scats were processed qualitatively by sedimentation (methods of Hoffman and Rugai), and by flotation (Faust and Willis). Of the 112 samples, 61 (54.5%) were positive for eggs, larvae or adults from Nematoda. Morphotypes were enumerated chronologically as they appeared in the samples. There were seven egg morphotypes, nine larvae morphotypes and seven for adults, all Nematoda. Eggs of Trypanoxyuris (Trypanoxyuris) minutus (Oxyuridae) were found in feces along both transects on nine dates. Egg type 1 was uncommon (N=5) and only observed in August 2003. They shared morphological characteristics with Strongyloides sp., already reported for the genus Alouatta. Due to the small sample, confirmation was not possible. A species of Oxyuridae (Cosmocercinae) was the most common adult nematode, occurring on seven dates in the stream transect and twice on the trail. It was found both in fresh and dry scats. Adult Trypanoxyuris (Trypanoxyuris) minutus were observed once (June 2004), on the trail. The additional five adult nematoda morphotypes were found mostly along the trail between April and June 2004, except for the adult type 6 that was found along the stream. The fecal samples were positive for one or more Nematoda on ten sample dates year around Mestrado Doutor em Parasitologia