50 results on '"Alpina"'
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2. Relative growth of carcass tissues of goat kids from five breed Types finished on pasture or feedlot
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Raquel Vasconcelos Lourençon, Heraldo Cesar Gonçalves, Paulo Roberto Lima Meirelles, Richard Browning Junior, Maria Lenira Leite-Browning, Andréia Cristina Toniolo Chávari, Raquel Ornelas Marques, Gil Ignacio Lara Canizares, Natalia Santos Leal, and Helen Fernanda Barros Gomes
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Alometria ,Alpina ,Anglo Nubiana ,Bôer ,Sistema de terminação. ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cross breeding, finishing system, and gender on the relative growth of carcass tissues of dairy kids. Seventy eight kids (39 male and 39 female) from five breed types were used: Alpine; ½ Boer + ½ Alpine (½ BA); ½ Nubian + ½ Alpine (½ ANA); ¾ Boer + ¼ Alpine (¾ BA); and ½ Nubian + ¼ Boer + ¼ Alpine (TC). Kids were distributed into two finishing systems: in pasture with doe (FS1) and weaned in feedlot (FS2). Kids were slaughtered at a mean age of 128.4 ± 7.9 days and mean live weight of 22.07 kg. The mean weight of half carcasses was 5.09 kg. To determine allometric growth, we used the exponential equation Y= aXb. In the half carcass, muscle tissue showed comparatively early growth in group ½ BA, whereas fat tissue of animals in FS1 had relatively late growth. Females exhibited early growth of muscle tissue, while in males this tissue was intermediate. The ½ BA first-cross improved carcass characteristics by enhancing the growth of muscle tissue.
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- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Persistence of milk production of Alpine goats in Cuba.
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Méndez, Mildred, de León, Raquel E. Ponce, García, Yoleisy, Rodríguez, Yusleiby, García, D., and Mora, Marta
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MILK yield , *GOATS , *LACTATION - Abstract
A total of 1,365 milk weighings from 455 goats of Alpine genotype were used, with lactation number between one and six, distributed in five units in the farm "Dagame", belonging to the Empresa Genética "Los Naranjos", located in Artemisa province, where parturitions occurred between 2005 and 2008. The objective was to determine non-genetic factors that affect the persistence of lactation and estimate its correlation with total milk production. A generalized mixed model was applied by the SAS MIXED procedure version 9.3 (2013), where fixed effects like herd, parturition year, parturition season (January-May and June-December) and lactation number were included, as well as the animal nested within each herd as random effect. In addition, the duration of lactation was included as a covariate. To estimate Pearson correlations, the CORR procedure of SAS was applied. Persistence was 53.6 % and the studied non-genetic factors were significant. The phenotypic correlations of persistence with total milk were 0.26. It can be concluded that persistence of lactation had a low phenotypic correlation, in relation to milk production and duration of lactation. Further researches should be conducted with larger samples and genealogical information to recommend its inclusion in genetic improvement programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
4. Polymorphism of alpha s1-casein gene in a dairy goat herd in the southeastern region of Brazil Polimorfismo do gene da alpha s1-caseína em um rebanho leiteiro na região sudeste do Brasil
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Maria Amélia Menck Soares, Marcelo Teixeira Rodrigues, Giuliana Patrícia Mognol, Lucinéia de Fátima Chasko Ribeiro, José Luis da Conceição Silva, and Rose Meire Costa Brancalhão
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Alpina ,Capra hircus ,CSN1S1 ,genotipagem ,proteínas do leite ,Saanen ,Alpine ,genotyping ,milk proteins ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
Three different regions of the alpha s1-casein gene (CSN1S1) were investigated to determine the frequencies of major alleles for null, low, intermediate and high milk protein expression in a herd of dairy goats raised in the southeastern region of Brazil. Genomic DNA samples were obtained from leukocytes of 145 dairy goats and regions of interest in the gene were amplified through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), then evaluated in both agarose (O and E allele) and polyacrylamide gels (F allele). For better characterization of the F allele, a PCR-RFLP (PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) study was performed employing the endonuclease XmnI. The allelic frequencies in the herd of 62 Saanen goats studied were: CSN1S1E = 0.35; CSN1S1F = 0.30; CSN1S1O1 = 0.02; CSN1S1A+B+C = 0.30, other alleles = 0.03. In another group of 83 Alpine animals, the frequencies were: CSN1S1E = 0.48; CSN1S1F = 0.28; CSN1S1O1 = 0.01; CSN1S1A+B+C = 0.20, other alleles = 0.03. In the region of exon 9 and intron downstream, where mutations that characterize the F allele occur, it was verified that different intragenic haplotypes may exist, involving the deletion of the 23rd nucleotide in the ninth exon in addition to the insertion of 11bp on intron. These haplotypes may be used to make direct association with other alleles. Although rare, a higher number of combinations were found in this work by evaluating in conjunction the region of the insertion of 3bp in the referred intron, which may allow a higher number of associations. A complete characterization of these combinations will allow elaborating simplified protocols to identify animals concerning the alleles of CSN1S1 gene in goats.Foram investigadas três regiões do gene da alpha s1-caseína (CSN1S1) para determinar as frequências dos principais alelos para nula, baixa, média e alta expressão desta proteína no leite em um rebanho de cabras leiteiras na Região Sudeste do Brasil. O DNA genômico foi isolado a partir de amostras de leucócitos provenientes de 145 cabras leiteiras e as regiões de interesse no gene foram amplificadas pela técnica da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) e avaliadas posteriormente em gel de agarose (alelos O e E) e gel de poliacrilamida (alelo F). Para melhor caracterização do alelo F, após a PCR, também foi verificado o polimorfismo no comprimento dos fragmentos de restrição (PCR-RFLP) utilizando-se a endonuclease XmnI. No rebanho analisado, foram encontradas as seguintes frequências alélicas em 62 animais da raça Saanen: CSN1S1E = 0.35; CSN1S1F = 0.30; CSN1S1O1 = 0.02; CSN1S1A+B+C = 0.30; outros alelos = 0.03. Em outro grupo de 83 animais da raça Alpina, as frequências foram: CSN1S1E = 0.48; CSN1S1F = 0.28; CSN1S1O1 = 0.01; CSN1S1A+B+C = 0.20; outros alelos = 0.03. Na região do exon e intron 9, onde ocorrem as mutações que caracterizam o alelo F, podem existir diferentes haplótipos intragênicos, envolvendo a deleção do 23º nucleotídeo do exon 9, e a inserção de 11pb no intron subsequente. Esses haplótipos podem ser utilizados para associação direta a outros alelos. Embora raro, neste trabalho foi encontrado maior número de combinações ao se avaliar, juntamente com as outras duas mutações, a região da inserção de 3pb no mesmo intron, o que pode permitir maior número de associações. A completa caracterização dessas combinações permitirá elaborar protocolos mais simplificados para a identificação de animais quanto aos demais alelos do gene CSN1S1 em caprinos leiteiros.
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- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. RESPONSE TO THE MALE EFECT IN NUBIAN AND ALPINE GOATS MAINTAINED UNDER TROPICAL PHOTOPERIOD
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Jorge Urrutia Morales, José Francisco Cervantes Becerra, Héctor Raymundo Vera Ãvila, Eugenio Villagómez-Amezcua Manjarrez, and MarÃa Teresa Rivera Lozano
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Cabras ,Efecto macho ,Nubia ,Alpina ,Fotoperiodo tropical ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
In order to determine the extent of response to the male effect in two breed of goats, previously observed to express a similar pattern of reproductive seasonality under tropical photoperiod (22°N), 17 Nubian and 15 Alpine female goats were exposed to sexual active males at May 15th. A higher proportion of Nubian vs. Alpine does ovulated in response to the male effect (76.5 vs 33.3%; P0.5 ng ml-1 within the first four days after male introduction, whilst Alpine does maintained basal P4 levels during the same period (≤0.04 ng ml-1). The higher proportion of Nubian does ovulating due to the male effect, indicate that female goats of this breed, maintained under tropical photoperiod, are more responsive than Alpine does to non-photoperiodic external stimuli, such as the presence of sexual active males.
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- 2013
6. Valoración económica de la empresa Alpina productos alimenticios S.A para el periodo 2021 por métodos sugeridos
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Neira Hernández, Laura Valentina, Millán Mendoza, Jorge Andrés, Mariño Moreno, Maria Angelica, and Torres Tamayo, Maria Constanza
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Valoración de empresas ,Static methods ,Valuation of companies ,Economía - Empresa- Alpina- Colombia ,Alpina ,Flujos de caja ,Cash flows ,Métodos estáticos - Abstract
Una empresa se valora para conocer la situación del patrimonio empresarial, conocer el comportamiento de la empresa, para evaluar la gestión de la dirección del ente económico, establecer las políticas de dividendos, determinar la capacidad de endeudamiento que puede manejar la organización y por razones externas tales como lo son la compraventa, la fusión entre empresas, sucesiones o herencias, los divorcios y las liquidaciones. Durante el desarrollo de este trabajo se evalúa el valor económico de la empresa Alpina productos alimenticios S.A por medio de los métodos de valoración EVA, Múltiplos de cotización y flujos de caja descontados libres. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar cuál de los tres métodos se ajusta más a la realidad de la empresa y al perfil del inversionista moderado y/o agresivo, por lo que se planteó la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿Cuál es la valoración económica más acertada para la empresa Alpina Productos Alimenticios S.A. en los métodos de valoración dinámicos, EVA y Flujos de caja descontados libre y el método estático Múltiplos de cotización para el año 2021? Esta pregunta de investigación se responde por medio de la aplicación de los tres métodos de evaluación y con la escogencia de 3 criterios de evaluación a los cuales se les asignó un peso, para que posteriormente se realizara un análisis cuantitativo, estos son: Generación de valor (50%), periodo de recuperación de la inversión (20%) y el riesgo (30%). Tenido en cuenta esto se determinó que según el análisis numérico el método más adecuado es múltiplos de cotización, pues es el que obtuvo mayor puntaje según los criterios escogidos, sin embargo, realizando un análisis más amplio y según la condición de la empresa, el método mas acertado y el que le da una mejor visión al inversionista es el EVA, ya que en este se tienen en cuenta factores claves como lo es el endeudamiento, que para el caso de Alpina es muy relevante pues la deuda a largo plazo es elevada. Es por esto se le recomienda al inversionista que evalué detalladamente si la política de endeudamiento mejora, si es así, sería viable hacer una inversión, de lo contrario no se recomienda., A company is valued to know the situation of the business equity, to know the behavior of the company, to evaluate the management of the economic entity, to establish dividend policies, to determine the debt capacity that the organization can handle and for external reasons such as the purchase and sale, mergers between companies, successions or inheritances, divorces and liquidations. During the development of this work, the economic value of the company Alpina productos alimenticios S.A. is evaluated by means of the EVA valuation methods, quotation multiples and free discounted cash flows. The objective of this study is to determine which of the three methods best fits the reality of the company and the profile of the moderate and/or aggressive investor, so the following research question was posed: What is the most accurate economic valuation for the company Alpina Productos Alimenticios S.A. in the dynamic valuation methods, EVA and Free Discounted Cash Flows and the static method, Quotation Multiples for the year 2021? This research question is answered through the application of the three evaluation methods and the choice of 3 evaluation criteria to which a weight was assigned, so that later a quantitative analysis could be carried out, these are: Value generation (50%), investment recovery period (20%) and risk (30%). Taking this into account, it was determined that according to the numerical analysis, the most appropriate method is quotation multiples, since it is the one that obtained the highest score according to the chosen criteria; however, performing a broader analysis and according to the company's condition, the most accurate method and the one that gives a better vision to the investor is the EVA, since it takes into account key factors such as indebtedness, which in Alpina's case is very relevant since the long-term debt is high. For this reason, it is recommended to the investor to evaluate in detail if the indebtedness policy improves, if so, it would be viable to make an investment, otherwise it is not recommended., Pregrado, Ingeniero(a) Industrial
- Published
- 2021
7. Odnos telesne kondicije i parametara krvi u peripartalnom periodu, proizvodnih i reproduktivnih rezultata koza alpske rase
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Milošević-Stanković, Ivana, Hristov, Slavča, Davidović, Vesna, Maksimović, Nevena, Perišić, Predrag, and Cincović, Marko R., 1984-, 1785191
- Subjects
mleko ,milk ,goats ,alpina ,biochemical indicators ,reprodukcija ,Alpine ,biohemijski indikatori ,proizvodnja ,reproduction ,peripartalni period ,parity ,paritet ,production ,koze ,peripartal period - Abstract
Radi ispitivanja odnosa telesne kondicije (OTK) i metaboličkih parametara krvi i proizvodnih i reproduktivnih rezultata u različitim fiziološkim fazama, izvedeno je istraživanje na dve grupe od ukupno 50 sjarenih primiparih i multiparih koza alpske rase. OTK je izvedena metodom Villaquiran-a i sar. (2004) četiri puta za svaku od grupa 10 do 15 dana pre, 10 do 15 dana i 30 dana po partusu i 10 do 15 dana pre zasušenja, a u prva tri termina je uzeta i krv iz v. jugularis za utvrđivanje koncentracija glukoze, ukupnih proteina (UP), albumina, uree, β-hidroksibuterne kiseline (BHBA), neesterifikovanih masnih kiselina (NEFA), kalcijuma i fosfora. Zabeleženi su ukupna količina (KM) i sastav mleka: udeo proteina (MP), masti (MM), laktoze (L) i suve materije (SM) u laktaciji, broj jaradi po kozi (BJ), telesna masa (TM) na rođenju i 30. dana, dužina servis perioda (SP) i težina porođaja. Značajnost postoji između UP 15 dana pre i 15 i 30 dana po jarenju (F=2,675, p
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- 2020
8. ESTUDO DOS FATORES AMBIENTAIS QUE INFLUENCIAM A PRODUÇÃO DE LEITE DE CABRAS DAS RAÇAS SAANEN E ALPINA.
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Pardal, Paula, Alves, Mariana, Pascoal, Rita, and Carolino, Nuno
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Milk records data totalling 2966 valid lactations from 1961 goats of Saanen and Alpine were analysed. Mean values for Total Milk Yield (TMY) and 305-day Adjusted Milk Yield (305Y) were respectively 582.53 ±15.6 and 919.65 ±14.77 L for Saanen and 582.53 ±15.6 and 935.37 ±15.37 L for the Alpine breed . Average lactation length was 406.78 ±157.50 days. Milk records were analysed to study milk yield and lactation length affecting environmental factors. Alpina mean values for 305Y were superior to Saanen (+ 41.5L). Milk yield and lactation length were influenced by month of lambing. TMY was influenced by lactation length (+ 3.07 ±0.03 L/day). Twin deliveries rose by milk yield of 13.6 L and 29.85 L for TMY and 305Y, respectively. Average age of goat incresed 305Y (+ 10.6 L/month). Lactations longer (441 days) and shorter (386 days) were observed in lambings occurred in October and January , respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
9. Estimación de un modelo de demanda para distribuidores de Alpina S.A
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Pérez Briceño, Edgar Ernesto and Hernández Salazar, Giovanni Andrés
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Cadena de suministro ,Industria lechera -- Colombia ,Alpina ,Productos lácteos -- Colombia ,Distribuidores (Comercio) - Abstract
31 páginas Alpina es una empresa del sector lácteo Colombiano que inició operaciones en 1945 con la producción de quesos maduros como el Gruyere, Emmental y Parmesano. Durante más de 70 años y como consecuencia de procesos continuos de investigación y desarrollo, Alpina ha generado una gran variedad de productos como arequipe, gelatina, yogurts y leche. Como resultado de este proceso de investigación e innovación Alpina cuenta con más de 50 marcas en el mercado y cerca de 550 referencias que proporcionan ventas cercanas a 386.607 toneladas valoradas en 1.8 billones de pesos al año. Esta diversificación de productos (50 marcas y 550 referencias) ha hecho que Alpina estructure un proceso de distribución de productos constituido por 5 canales: TAT , moderno, institucional, supermercados independientes y otros canales. El canal TAT comercializa alrededor de 242.635 toneladas/año (63% del total de toneladas vendidas al año); seguido del canal moderno con 84.271 toneladas/año (22%); institucional con 31.475 toneladas/año (5%); supermercados independientes con 19.555 toneladas/año (5%) y otros canales con 8.671 toneladas/año (2.25%) . El canal TAT, el más importante en distribución de los productos de Alpina se encuentra constituido por cuatro sub canales: Distribuidores, Autoventa, Minimercados y Tradicional. El sub canal Distribuidores (Ds) es el más importante dentro del canal TAT, al estar conformado por 50 grandes comercializadoras logra vender cerca de 134.666 toneladas al año (35% del total de las ventas de Alpina) .
- Published
- 2020
10. Odnos telesne kondicije i parametara krvi u peripartalnom periodu, proizvodnih i reproduktivnih rezultata koza alpske rase
- Author
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Hristov, Slavča, Davidović, Vesna, Maksimović, Nevena, Perišić, Predrag, Cincović, Marko R., 1984-, 1785191, Milošević-Stanković, Ivana, Hristov, Slavča, Davidović, Vesna, Maksimović, Nevena, Perišić, Predrag, Cincović, Marko R., 1984-, 1785191, and Milošević-Stanković, Ivana
- Abstract
Radi ispitivanja odnosa telesne kondicije (OTK) i metaboličkih parametara krvi i proizvodnih i reproduktivnih rezultata u različitim fiziološkim fazama, izvedeno je istraživanje na dve grupe od ukupno 50 sjarenih primiparih i multiparih koza alpske rase. OTK je izvedena metodom Villaquiran-a i sar. (2004) četiri puta za svaku od grupa 10 do 15 dana pre, 10 do 15 dana i 30 dana po partusu i 10 do 15 dana pre zasušenja, a u prva tri termina je uzeta i krv iz v. jugularis za utvrđivanje koncentracija glukoze, ukupnih proteina (UP), albumina, uree, β-hidroksibuterne kiseline (BHBA), neesterifikovanih masnih kiselina (NEFA), kalcijuma i fosfora. Zabeleženi su ukupna količina (KM) i sastav mleka: udeo proteina (MP), masti (MM), laktoze (L) i suve materije (SM) u laktaciji, broj jaradi po kozi (BJ), telesna masa (TM) na rođenju i 30. dana, dužina servis perioda (SP) i težina porođaja. Značajnost postoji između UP 15 dana pre i 15 i 30 dana po jarenju (F=2,675, p<0,05; F=4,710 i F=3,834, p<0,01, redom), Ca 30 dana posle (F=2,925, p<0,05) i BHBA 15 dana posle (F=2,508, p<0,05). Ustanovljena je korelacija između OTK 30 dana posle i KM (r=0,302, p<0,05), 15 dana posle i SM (r=0,315, p<0,05) i 15 dana pred partus i BJ (r=0,282, p<0,05), kao i SP (r=0,460, p<0,01) i TM na rođenju (r=0,307, p<0,05). Paritet je u korelaciji s KM, BJ, TM i SP (r=0,774; r=0,610; r=0,588; r=0,833, p<0,01, redom), a u negativnoj s L (r=-0,297, p<0,05). BJ je u korelaciji s SP (r=0,630, p<0,01), KM (r=0,547, p<0,01) i MM (r=-0,294, p<0,05). SP je u korelaciji s TM (r=0,616, p<0,01) i KM (r=0,704, p<0,01), MM s L (r=0,316, p<0,05) i SM (r=0,592, p<0,01), a L s SM (r=0,386, p<0,01). Koncentracije parametara krvi variraju u peripartalnom periodu, uz značajne razlike između prvojarki i višejarki i imaju uticaj na proizvodnju i reprodukciju, i mogu biti korisni u prevenciji zdravstvenih, reproduktivnih i proizvodnih problema, iako je nađeno da OTK kod koza nije od značaja kao prediktor proizvodnje i kvalite, In order to examine the relationship between body condition score (BCS) and metabolic parameters of blood and production and reproductive results in different physiological phases, a study was performed on two groups with 50 pregnant primiparous and multiparous Alpine goats. BCS was performed by the method of Villaquiran et al. (2004) four times for each of the groups 10 to 15 days before, 10 to 15 days and 30 days after parturition and 10 to 15 days before drying, when in the first three terms blood was taken from v. jugularis to determine glucose levels, total protein (TP), albumin, urea, β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), calcium and phosphorus. Total amount (MY) and milk composition were recorded: protein content (MP), fat (MF), lactose (L) and dry matter (DM) during lactation, number of kids per goat (NK), body weight (BW) at birth and 30 days of age, length of service period (SP) and severity of birth giving. Significance was found between TP 15 days before and 15 and 30 days after kidding (F=2.675, p<0.05; F=4.710 and F=3.834, p<0.01, respectively), Ca 30 days after (F=2.925, p<0.05) and BHBA 15 days after (F=2.508, p<0.05). A correlation was found between BCS 30 days later and MY (r=0.302, p<0.05), 15 days after and DM (r=0.315, p<0.05), and 15 days before kidding and NK (r=0.282, p<0.05), as well as between BCS and SP (r=0.460, p<0.01) i BW at birth (r=0.307, p<0.05). The parity is correlated with MY, NK, BW and SP (r=0.774; r=0.610; r=0.588; r=0.833, p<0.01, respectively), and negatively with L (r=-0.297, p<0.05). NK is correlated with SP (r=0.630, p<0.01), MY (r=0.547, p<0.01) and MF (r=-0.294, p<0.05). SP is correlated with BW (r=0.616, p<0.01) and MY (r=0.704, p<0.01), MF with L (r=0.316, p<0.05) and DM (r=0.592, p<0.01), as well as L with DM (r=0.386, p<0.01). Blood parameter levels vary in the peripartum period, with significant differences between primiparous and multiparous goats and have an impact on production and rep
- Published
- 2020
11. Revisió de Juniperus communis ssp. alpina i ssp. hemisphaerica a Catalunya
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Romo, Àngel, Nuet Badia, Josep, Romo, Àngel, and Nuet Badia, Josep
- Abstract
[FR] Nous examinons les sous-espèces alpina et hemisphaerica de Juniperus communis en Catalogne. Ces deux taxons ont souvent été confondus et il y a encore des hésitations dans la détermination de nombreux genévriers prostrées qui, à première vue, peuvent être attribués à la sous-espèce alpina. Nous avons redéterminé les spécimens catalans de ces deux sous-espèces des herbiers BC, BCN et JACA, et nous donnons une clé pour la détermination correcte des sous-espèces de Juniperus communis. Des cartes de distribution complètent cette contribution., [CAT] Fem una revisió de les subespècies alpina i hemisphaerica de Juniperus communis a Catalunya. Aquests dos tàxons sovint han estat confosos i encara ara hi ha vacil·lacions en la determinació de molts ginebrons de port prostrat que, a cop d’ull, poden atribuir-se a la subespècie alpina. Hem redeterminat els exemplars catalans d’aquestes dues subespècies dels herbaris BC, BCN i JACA, i donem una clau per a la correcta determinació de les subespècies de Juniperus communis. Uns mapes de distribució completen aquesta aportació.
- Published
- 2020
12. Factors affecting goat milk yield and composition.
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Mioč, Boro, Prpić, Zvonimir, Vnučec, Ivan, Barać, Zdravko, Sušić, Velimir, Samaržija, Dubravka, and Pavić, Vesna
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GOAT milk , *MILK yield , *LACTATION , *COMPOSITION of milk , *MILK proteins , *MILKFAT - Abstract
The aim of this paper was to study the effects of breed, stage of lactation, season of kidding and parity on goat milk yield and composition. A total of 25255 records of daily milk production and 25065 records of fat percentage, 25382 records of protein percentage and 24810 records of lactose percentage were obtained, at approximately monthly intervals, from 3702 Alpine and 411 Saanen goats in Croatia. The analysed data were recorded during 2006. Saanen breed had significantly (P<0.01) higher lactation and daily milk yield than Alpine breed (720 kg and 2.63 kg/day versus 577 kg and 2.08 kg/day, respectively). The contents of protein and lactose were similar between investigated breeds, while Alpine goats had significantly higher (P<0.05) milk fat content than Saanen goats (3.47 % versus 3.25 %, respectively). Least square analyses showed significant effects of stage of lactation, season of kidding and parity on almost all variables. Milk lactose content tended to decline as the lactation period progressed and milk yield decreased. Milk protein content tended to increase with the lactation period. The lowest content of milk fat was established in the mid stage of lactation, whereas the highest fat content was recorded at the end of lactation. The effect of parity on total lactation and daily milk yield shows an almost steady growing trend from first to fourth lactation. Goats kidding early in the year had better milking performances (longer lactation period, higher milk yield, higher content of milk fat) than goats kidding in the spring. In order to improve lactation performances of their animals, the goat farmers should apply earlier mating season and use the appropriate breeding programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
13. Genetic differentiation of metallicolous and non-metallicolous Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. taxa (Plumbaginaceae) in Central Europe.
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Baumbach, H. and Hellwig, F. H.
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GENETICS , *PLUMBAGINACEAE , *ARMERIA , *ENDEMIC animals - Abstract
This study investigates the genetic differentiation within the Central European Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. complex with special reference to the metallicolous populations using AFLP markers. Our sampling comprised all metallicolous (ssp. halleri, hornburgensis, bottendorfensis, eifeliaca, calaminaria), and non-metallicolous taxa (ssp. maritima, elongata, alpina). Geographical and genetic distances between populations were moderately positively correlated. Genetic variability of metallicolous and non-metallicolous populations was not significantly different. Lowland populations were clearly differentiated from the alpine populations. Within the lowland group metallicolous and non-metallicolous populations were not genetically differentiated. All lowland populations show a regional differentiation and close relationships to ssp. elongata. Thus, the metallicolous taxa should not be maintained as subspecies. Likewise, their treatment as varieties of a ssp. halleri s.l. is critical because this taxon cannot be consistently characterized throughout its geographical range and may be an artefact itself. If a taxonomical recognition should be considered necessary it is advisable to treat the microendemics as varieties of ssp. elongata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. A new species of Pnigalio (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) parasitizing Eriocrania semipurpurella alpina (Lepidoptera, Eriocraniidae) in China, with its biology and a key to Chinese known species
- Author
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Rong Wang, Zhong-Qi Yang, Shu-Ping Sun, and Tao Li
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Insecta ,Pnigalio ,Carbotriplurida ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:Zoology ,Bilateria ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,ectoparasitoid ,Dacnonypha ,Betula ,Pterygota ,Eulophidae ,biology ,Eriocranioidea ,Cephalornis ,Circumscriptional names ,Lepidoptera ,Boltonocostidae ,Circumscriptional name ,Eulophinae ,Key (lock) ,Porina ,Coelenterata ,Eriocrania carpinella ,Chalcidoidea ,Arthropoda ,Nephrozoa ,Leaf miner ,Protostomia ,Basal ,010603 evolutionary biology ,Circumscriptional names of the taxon under ,Lepidoptera genitalia ,Eriocrania semipurpurella alpina ,Eriocrania semipurpurella ,Botany ,Panorpida ,Animalia ,Eumetabola ,Galacticoidea ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Betulaceae ,new species ,Eriocrania ,alpina ,Eriocraniidae ,semipurpurella ,biology.organism_classification ,Strashila incredibilis ,Hymenoptera ,010602 entomology ,Notchia ,Ecdysozoa ,Amphiesmenoptera ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Pterygota (plant) - Abstract
A new species of Eulophinae,Pnigalio eriocraniaeLi & Yang,sp. n., is described and illustrated. This new species is a larval ectoparasitoid ofEriocrania semipurpurella alpinaXu (Lepidoptera, Eriocraniidae), a leaf miner in birch trees,Betulaspp. (Betulaceae), in Qinghai Province, northwest China. The biology of the new species and a key to the known species from China are provided.
- Published
- 2017
15. Priložnosti prodaje na novih tujih trgih na primeru podjetja X
- Author
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Kokalj, Barbara and Faganel, Armand
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d. o. o ,case study ,international business performance ,udc:339.138(043.2) ,mednarodno trženje ,Alpina ,študija primera ,international marketing ,internationalization ,mednarodno poslovanje ,internacionalizacija - Published
- 2020
16. Comportamiento reproductivo y estudio de las bajas de cuatro razas caprinas especializadas para leche en Cuba.
- Author
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Ribas, Miriam, Gutiérrez, Maritza, and Hernández, F.
- Published
- 2003
17. The identity of Hypolepis robusta, as a new synonym of Hypolepis alpina (Dennstaedtiaceae), based on morphology and DNA barcoding and the new distribution
- Author
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Jun-Jie Luo, Bao-Dong Liu, Ralf Knapp, Yue-Hong Yan, Morigengaowa, Hui Shang, and Hong-Jin Wei
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0301 basic medicine ,molecular phylogenetic ,Plant Science ,Dennstaedtiaceae ,DNA barcoding ,Hypolepis ,03 medical and health sciences ,taxonomy ,lcsh:Botany ,Botany ,Polypodiales ,Type material ,Polypodiopsida ,Plantae ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Phylogenetic tree ,biology ,alpina ,synonym ,Hypolepis alpina ,biology.organism_classification ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Tracheophyta ,030104 developmental biology ,Herbarium ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Hypolepis polypodioides - Abstract
Based on field observations and examinations of herbarium specimens (including type material), consulting the original literature and molecular phylogenetic analysis of the rbcL and trnL-F sequences, it is concluded that Hypolepisrobusta is conspecific with Hypolepisalpina and is here formally treated as a synonym of it. Additionally H.alpina is reported with new distribution records in Guangdong, Guangxi and the Hainan Island of China, respectively.
- Published
- 2018
18. First assessment of the double coated produced by goats raised in Brazil.
- Author
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Coelho, Lia Souza, da Fonseca, Carlos Elysio Moreira, de Melo, Ana Lucia Puerro, Neves, Marcelo Azevedo, and Rodrigues, Marcelo Teixeira
- Subjects
- *
GOAT farming , *GOAT diseases , *GOATS , *GOAT breeds , *SCANNING electron microscopy - Abstract
• We investigated ninety-one goats of three breeds in Brazil with production of fine fiber. • Animals produced fine fibers since the summer. • The present article suggests that the fine fibers produced by goats born in Brazil are cashmere. Brazilian Goats have double hair coat composed of two fibres, coarse guard hair and fibre fine. The objective was to characterize the fibres and check if the fine fibre meets the standards for cashmere. We collected samples in Saanen, Alpine and Crossbreed goats. The analysis in scanning electron microscopy revealed that these individuals had fibre fine with an average diameter of 10.63 μm and coefficient of variation of 17.39 %, which is within the diameter range to be considered cashmere. The fibre fine had frequency scale of 7.57/100 μm and thickness of scale 383 nm. The results led to the recognition of cashmere fibres in goats born and raised in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Utjecaj strojne mužnje na temperaturu vimena koza koristeći change over pokusni plan
- Author
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Odorčić, Marina and Džidić, Alen
- Subjects
Strojna mužnja ,Alpina ,Infracrvena termografija ,Skidanje muzne jedinice ,Temperatura ,alpina ,machine milking ,temperatura ,cluster removal ,infrared thermography ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Poljoprivreda (agronomija) ,strojna mužnja ,temperature ,infracrvena termografija ,skidanje muzne jedinice ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Agronomy - Abstract
Cilj ovog rada bio je utvrditi utjecaj strojne mužnje na temperaturu vimena putem komparacije podataka zabilježenih prije i poslije mužnje metodom infracrvene termografije. Istraživanje utjecaja skidanja muzne jedinice pri različitim postavkama (protok mlijeka od 200 ml/min uz slijepu mužnju trajanja 30-60 sekundi, 200ml/min, 500 ml/min) proučavan je kod alpina pasmine koza. Jedinke su podijeljene u tri skupine po 24 koze gdje su tretmani primijenjivani na svaku kozu tijekom svaka tri od ukupno devet tjedana. Provedeno je mjerenje područja mliječne žlijezde, baze, sredine, vrha te površine cijele sise na 1749 termograma. Za analizu dobivenih podataka korištena su dva miješana linearna modela. Prvi model kao fiksni utjecaj uključuje tretman, područje mjerenja, mjerenje prije i poslije mužnje te interakciju tretmana i opažanja prije i poslije mužnje. U drugi model dodana je interakcija mjerene površine i opažanja prije i poslije mužnje. Oba modela sadrže jedinku kao slučajni utjecaj. Utvrđeno je smanjenje temperature nakon mužnje među svim tretmanima. Najmanja odstupanja u temperaturi zabilježena su pri skidanju muzne jedinice pri protoku mlijeka 500 ml/min u oba modela. Rezultati interakcije mjerene površine i opažanja prije i poslije mužnje pokazali su smanjenje temperature. Najmanje odstupanje temperature zabilježeno je u području vrha sise te najveće u području njene baze. Smanjenje temperature moglo bi se objasniti kongestijom tkiva sise uzrokovanom pritiskom sisne gume u fazi kompresije. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of machine milking on the temperature of the udder by comparing data recorded before and after milking using a method of infrared thermography. An influence of removing milking units in a variety of settings (milk flow of 200 ml / min with an overmilking duration of 30-60 seconds, 200 ml / min, 500 ml / min) was studied in Alpine breed goats. Individuals were divided into three groups of 24 goats where the treatments were administered to each goat for every three for total of nine week period. 1749 thermograms were used for measuring areas of mammary gland, base, middle, top and the surface of the whole teat. Data was analysed by employing two mixed linear models. The first model as a fixed effect includes treatment, measured surface, measuring before and after milking and the interaction of treatment and observations before and after milking. In the second model another interaction was added; between measured surface and observations before and after milking. Both models include effect of goat as random. Temperature decreased among all treatments after milking. The lowest recorded temperature differences were for removing the cluster at a milk flow rate of 500 ml/min. Results of measured surface and observation before and after milking interaction showed temperature decrease. A minimum temperature deviation was observed in the area of the teat apex whereas the maximum was recorded in the teat base. Reduced temperature after treatments could be explained by teat tissue congestion caused by applied pressure of liner at the stage of compression.
- Published
- 2016
20. Polymorphism in IGF-1 and NF1-C2 genes and their association with productive traits in dairy goats
- Author
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Rangel, Amanda Mendes, Melo, Ana L?cia Puerro de, Nogueira, Denise Monnerat, and Gasparino, Eliane
- Subjects
produ??o de leite ,Saanen ,Alpina ,RFLP ,milk production ,Alpine ,Zootecnia - Abstract
Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2019-07-09T18:15:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Amanda Mendes Rangel.pdf: 1100079 bytes, checksum: c56229ecd33e6494f44428c5e753603f (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-07-09T18:15:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Amanda Mendes Rangel.pdf: 1100079 bytes, checksum: c56229ecd33e6494f44428c5e753603f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-29 CAPES - Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior Several physiological and metabolic processes have the participation of the growth factor insulin-like 1 (IGF-1). During the breast enlargement process and pregnancy, this factor works in the local action of steroid hormones, growth hormone and prolactin, the primary regulators of differentiation. Besides is required for the development of mammary gland lobuloalveolar. The NF1-C2 is the gene encoding the nuclear transcription factor 1-C2, which mediates the action of prolactin in the mammary gland and plays an important role in the activation of several specific genes of this gland, participating both from its establishment as protect against tumors during proliferation. Therefore, we aim with this study: evaluate the variations found in IGF-1 and NF1-C2 genes in breeds of dairy goats cashmere Xinjiang and Nanjiang (IGF-1) and white cashmere Xinong Saanen Guanzhong Xinjiang (NF1-C2) are present in an experimental population of goats of Saanen and Alpine, relating them to milk production , lactation period, somatic cell count and milk constituents content (fat, protein, lactose, and total solids) and detect molecular markers that may be used in animal breeding and selection. A herd of goats (Capra hircus) in reproductive age, composed of animals of Saanen and Alpine breeds, considered as a single population, genotyped for polymorphisms of IGF-1 and NF1-C2 genes was used. The collected blood of peripheral circulation (approximately 10 mL) was used for genomic DNA extraction through the white blood cells and the amplification of the fragments was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The amplified fragments were assessed for polymorphism by restriction fragment length (PCR-RFLP), identified via polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 5%, stained with silver nitrate. PCR products showed approximate size as expected, 363 bp (IGF-1) and 233 bp (NF1-C2), with a total of 168 and 197 evaluated animals, respectively. In intron 4 of IGF-1, the single base polymorphism gene (SNP) refers to transversion G>C in position 5752 was identified by HaeIII endonuclease, but allele A had a very low frequency (0.09) and there was no significant association with neither of the productive characteristics (P>0.05). Therefore, its use as a marker for these traits is not recommended. In NF1-C2 gene, the SNP located in exon 5 (G>A), in position 44654 of the nucleotide sequence, was identified by BstNI restriction enzyme and frequencies of A and G alleles are 0.43 and 0.57, respectively. It was found association of this polymorphism with the percentage of milk protein (P C na posi??o 5752 foi identificado por meio da endonuclease HaeIII, por?m o alelo A teve uma frequ?ncia muita baixa (0,09), e n?o houve associa??o significativa com nenhuma das caracter?sticas produtivas avaliadas (P>0,05). Logo, seu uso como marcador para estas caracter?sticas n?o ? recomendado. No gene NF1-C2, o SNP localizado no ?xon 5 (G>A), na posi??o 44654 da sequ?ncia de nucleot?deos, foi identificado atrav?s do uso da enzima de restri??o BstNI, os alelos A e G tiveram as frequ?ncias de 0,43 e 0,57, respectivamente. Foi encontrada associa??o deste polimorfismo com a porcentagem de prote?na do leite (P
- Published
- 2015
21. Strategija vstopa Alpine, d.o.o. na ruski trg
- Author
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Brence, Jana and Pfajfar, Gregor
- Subjects
analiza ,research ,industrial enterprises ,analysis ,Slovenia ,Alpina ,izvoz ,udc:339.138 ,poslovno komuniciranje ,business communication ,industrijsko podjetje ,Russia ,Rusija ,marketing ,shoemaking ,strategija trženja ,foreign trade ,Slovenija ,raziskave ,marketing strategy ,exports ,čevljarstvo ,zunanja trgovina ,trženje - Published
- 2014
22. Inovacije v mednarodnem poslovanju
- Author
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Lukančič, Darja and Zalaznik, Maja
- Subjects
industrial enterprises ,Slovenia ,Alpina ,industrijsko podjetje ,poslovanje podjetja ,innovations ,kreativnost ,udc:658 ,international business ,inovacije ,shoemaking ,Slovenija ,uspešnost poslovanja ,company performance ,business efficiency ,konkurenca ,competition ,čevljarstvo ,mednarodno poslovanje ,tveganje ,creativity ,risk - Published
- 2014
23. Zaposleni kot vir konkurenčne prednosti v trgovini na drobno
- Author
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Kopač, Neža and Vida, Irena
- Subjects
prodaja na drobno ,analiza ,research ,analysis ,konkurenčnost ,Slovenia ,Alpina ,commercial enterprise ,trgovinsko podjetje ,udc:658 ,competitivity ,shoemaking ,Slovenija ,raziskave ,retail trade ,čevljarstvo - Published
- 2014
24. Elektronsko poslovanje v podjetju Alpina
- Author
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Jurca, Matej and Indihar Štemberger, Mojca
- Subjects
industrial enterprises ,elektronsko poslovanje ,Slovenia ,Alpina ,informacijski sistemi ,electronic commerce ,industrijsko podjetje ,poslovanje podjetja ,information systems ,udc:658 ,information technology ,informacijska tehnologija ,shoemaking ,Slovenija ,uspešnost poslovanja ,company performance ,business efficiency ,čevljarstvo - Published
- 2014
25. Analiza porabnikov na primeru podjetja Alpina, d.d., Žiri
- Author
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Kokalj, Tatjana and Bodlaj, Mateja
- Subjects
analiza ,industrial enterprises ,analysis ,trg ,Slovenia ,market ,segmentation ,consumer ,prodaja ,Alpina ,udc:339.138 ,consumer psychology ,industrijsko podjetje ,tržne raziskave ,segmentacija ,market research ,sales ,potrošnik ,shoemaking ,Slovenija ,čevljarstvo ,psihologija potrošnika - Published
- 2014
26. Razvijanje strategije podjetja Alpina
- Author
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Iskra, Katja and Čater, Tomaž
- Subjects
analiza ,evaluation ,industrial enterprises ,analysis ,Slovenia ,ocene ,Alpina ,industrijsko podjetje ,poslovanje podjetja ,strategija ,udc:658 ,shoemaking ,Slovenija ,uspešnost poslovanja ,company performance ,business efficiency ,strategy ,čevljarstvo - Published
- 2014
27. Vpliv notranjega trženja na kakovost, primer podjetja Alpina d.d
- Author
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Mlakar, Katarina and Kolar, Tomaž
- Subjects
analiza ,TQM ,industrial enterprises ,analysis ,Slovenia ,Alpina ,poslovno komuniciranje ,business communication ,industrijsko podjetje ,poslovanje podjetja ,medosebni odnosi ,kultura podjetja ,udc:658 ,quality ,kvaliteta ,shoemaking ,Slovenija ,uspešnost poslovanja ,company performance ,business efficiency ,čevljarstvo ,interpersonal relations ,corporate culture - Published
- 2014
28. Uporaba koncepta množično prilagojenega izdelka pri proizvajalcu obutve
- Author
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Kopač, Agata and Rojšek, Iča
- Subjects
tehnologija ,knowledge ,industrial enterprises ,Slovenia ,consumer ,znanje ,satisfaction ,Alpina ,proizvodi ,industrijsko podjetje ,poslovanje podjetja ,products ,udc:658 ,technology ,potrošnik ,zadovoljstvo ,shoemaking ,Slovenija ,uspešnost poslovanja ,company performance ,business efficiency ,konkurenca ,competition ,čevljarstvo - Published
- 2014
29. Strategija vstopa na trg Velike Britanije
- Author
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Klemenčič, Jana and Zalaznik, Maja
- Subjects
Velika Britanija ,investicije ,franchising ,Slovenia ,izvoz ,poslovno komuniciranje ,industrijsko podjetje ,poslovanje podjetja ,udc:658 ,investments ,shoemaking ,Slovenija ,uspešnost poslovanja ,company performance ,business efficiency ,licences ,exports ,trženje ,industrial enterprises ,trg ,market ,Great Britain ,Alpina ,licence ,business communication ,marketing ,strategija trženja ,marketing strategy ,čevljarstvo - Published
- 2014
30. Utjecaj dobi kod prvog jarenja na proizvodnju mlijeka u prvoj laktaciji koza alpina pasmine
- Author
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Mulc, Danijel, Špehar, Marija, Pocrnić, Ivan, Mioč, Boro, Jurković, Darko, Barać, Zdravko, Marić, Sonja, and Lončarić, Zdenko
- Subjects
alpina ,laktacija ,dob ,mast ,bjelančevine - Abstract
Cilj rada je bilo utvrditi utjecaj dobi koza pri početku prve laktacije na količinu i kemijski sastav mlijeka. U analizi su korišteni podaci 10.857 zaključenih laktacija Alpina pasmine iz 294 stada. Podaci su uzeti iz središnje baze podataka Hrvatske poljoprivredne agencije za razdoblje od siječnja 2.000. godine do travnja 2012. godine. Kontrola mlijeka je obavljena prema A4, AT i B4 metodi sukladno pravilima ICAR-a (International Committee for Animal Recording). Podaci su statistički obrađeni primjenom procedure GLM statističkog paketa SAS. Najmanja proizvodnja mlijeka utvrđena je kod koza s početkom prve laktacije u dobi 12 mjeseci koja je iznosila prosječno 349, 51 kg. Povećanjem dobi koza kod početka prve laktacije povećavala se i količina proizvedenog mlijeka da bi svoj maksimum dosegnula kod laktacija započetih pri dobi koza od 20 mjeseci i tada je prosječno iznosila 424, 67 kg. Isti utjecaj dobi koza je i na proizvodnju ukupne količine mliječne masti i bjelančevina. Minimalna količina proizvedene masti u laktaciji je utvrđena za laktacije s početkom pri dobi koza od 12 mjeseci i iznosila je prosječno 12, 84 kg, a maksimalna od 15, 33 kg pri dobi od 20 mjeseci. Sadržaj bjelančevina se kretao od 10, 73 kg s početkom laktacije pri dobi koza od 12 mjeseci do maksimuma od 12, 85 kg s početkom pri dobi 20 mjeseci. Dob koza kod početka prve laktacije nije imala statistički značajan utjecaj na postotak masti i bjelančevina tijekom prve laktacije. I pored toga što je količina proizvedenog mlijeka, mliječne masti i bjelančevina bila veća kod jarica pripuštenih pri dobi većoj od 12 mjeseci, povećanje proizvodnje ipak nije toliko da opravda gubitak cijele jedne sezone jarenja, a posljedično i laktacije.
- Published
- 2014
31. Polymorphism and expression of the UCP2 gene in the liver of lactating goats
- Author
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Ferreira, Leonardo, Soares, Maria Am?lia Menck, Gasparino, Eliane, and Rodrigues, Marcelo Teixeira
- Subjects
Saanem ,Energetic metabolism ,Alpina ,Zootecnia ,Metabolismo energ?tico - Abstract
Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2020-01-16T14:07:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Leonardo Ferreira.pdf: 1130274 bytes, checksum: 248e4000d8a4300ab4776f30308cd81f (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-01-16T14:07:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Leonardo Ferreira.pdf: 1130274 bytes, checksum: 248e4000d8a4300ab4776f30308cd81f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-29 CAPES - Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior FAPERJ The uncoupling proteins of mitochondrial inner membrane uncouples the cellular respiration from ATP production thus it has an important role in the energy metabolism of the organism. Polymorphisms in genes coding for UCPs have been associated with characteristics such as fat thickness and weight gain in beef cattle, and to obesity in humans. The massive mobilization of fatty acids in early lactation can influence the expression of UCP2 showing that this protein has a role in physiological processes of this phase. Thus, the purposes of this study was to verify if the expression of UCP2 gene varies during early lactation in dairy goats liver, sequence a initial part of the goat UCP2 gene and verify the existence of polymorphism in the studied region of this gene. For this we used 40 goats (Capra hircus), all lactating animals of Saanen and Alpina breed, from which 10 mL of periferic blood were collected. Thereafter, for the analysis of gene expression, 10 of these animals were slaughtered at different stages of the early lactation (day of birth, 7 , 21, 35 days post-partum) and a sample of liver tissue was collected and stored in RNA-holder. Whole blood was used for DNA extraction and subsequent amplification of four fragments of UCP2 gene by polymerase chain reaction. Amplified fragments were then subjected to electrophoresis on 12% polyacrylamide gel (300v for 24hrs) to evaluate small size differences between samples. Subsequently the fragments were analyzed by PCR-RFLP for differences in the digestion pattern of the enzyme HaeIII. Three different samples of each fragment of the initial region of the gene were randomly selected for sequencing. From the samples of liver tissue an RNA extraction was performed, and the RNA was used for the real time PCR reactions using Syber Green fluorescent compound. To assess if the genotypes found had any influence on fat production and milk fat percentage, variance and estimation of contrasts analysis were performed. To evaluate whether the expression varied at different postpartum days, a regression analysis was made. In the promoter region fragment a fragment size polymorphism that originates two alleles was found: the alelle A, larger, and the alelle B, smaller. Then the influence of these two alelles on the percentage of fat and fat production in milk were accessed, but neither allele showed influence over these characteristics. The PCR-RFLP analysis showed a difference in enzyme digestion pattern among samples in the exon 2, originating two alleles, C and N. These were also evaluated for their influence on the percentage of fat in milk and fat production, but no relationship was found. After sequencing, the sequences were compared to each other, and a single nucleotide polymorphism was found in intron 1 but no restriction enzyme that recognizes this polymorphism was found, making impossible the genotyping of a larger number of animals by PCR-RFLP technique. The reactions of real-time PCR revealed that expression of UCP2 in the liver was higher at birth and gradually decreased with advancing lactation up to 35 days postpartum. As prote?nas desacopladoras de membrana desacoplam a respira??o celular da produ??o de ATP tendo papel importante no metabolismo energ?tico do organismo. Polimorfismos em de genes codificantes para UCPs t?m sido associados a caracter?sticas como cobertura de gordura e ganho de peso em bovinos de corte, e ? obesidade em humanos. A grande mobiliza??o de ?cidos graxos no in?cio da lacta??o pode influenciar na express?o da UCP2 mostrando que esta tem papel nos processos fisiol?gicos desta fase. Com o presente trabalho buscamos verificar se a express?o do gene UCP2 no f?gado de cabras leiteiras varia durante o per?odo inicial da lacta??o e sequenciar uma parte do gene da UCP2 em caprinos verificando a exist?ncia de polimorfismo nesta regi?o. Para isso foram utilizadas 40 cabras (Capra hircus), todas f?meas lactantes, das ra?as Saanen e Alpina das quais primeiramente foram coletados 10 mL de sangue. Posteriormente, para as an?lises de express?o g?nica, 10 desses animais foram abatidos em diferentes est?gios da fase inicial de lacta??o (dia do parto, 7, 21, 35 dias p?s-parto) e uma amostra de tecido hep?tico foi coletada e armazenada em RNA-holder. O sangue total foi utilizado para extra??o de DNA e posterior amplifica??o de 4 fragmentos do gene UCP2 atrav?s da rea??o em cadeia da polimerase, os fragmentos amplificados foram ent?o submetidos ? eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida a 12% (300V a 24hrs) para avaliar pequenas diferen?as de tamanho entre as amostras. Posteriormente os fragmentos foram avaliados por PCR-RFLP quanto a diferen?as no padr?o de corte da enzima HaeIII. Tr?s diferentes amostras de cada fragmento da regi?o inicial do gene foram selecionadas ao acaso para o sequenciamento de bases. A partir das amostras de tecido hep?tico foi realizada a extra??o de RNA, o qual foi utilizado nas rea??es de PCR em tempo real com o composto fluorescente Syber Green. Para analisar se os gen?tipos encontrados tem influ?ncia sobre produ??o de gordura e procentagem de gordura no leite, foram realizadas an?lises de vari?ncia e estima??o de contrastes. Para avaliar se a express?o variou, nos diferentes dias p?s-parto foi realizada uma an?lise de regress?o. Na regi?o promotora foi encontrado um polimorfismo de tamanho de fragmento que origina dois alelos, o alelo A de tamanho maior e o B, de tamanho menor, estes foram avaliados quanto a sua influ?ncia sobre a porcentagem de gordura no leite e a produ??o de gordura, por?m nenhum dos alelos influenciou estas caracter?sticas. As an?lises de PCR-RFLP mostraram uma diferen?a no padr?o de corte da enzima entre as amostras no ?xon 2 gene dando origem a dois alelos, C e N. Estes tamb?m foram avaliados quanto ? influ?ncia sobre a porcentagem de gordura no leite e produ??o de gordura, por?m nenhuma rela??o foi encontrada. Ap?s o seq?enciamento as sequ?ncias foram comparadas entre si e um polimorfismo de nucleot?deo ?nico foi encontrado no ?ntron 1 por?m nenhuma enzima de restri??o que reconhece este polimorfismo foi encontrada, impossibilitando a genotipagem de um n?mero maior de animais por PCR-RFLP. As rea??es de PCR em tempo real revelaram que express?o da UCP2 no f?gado foi maior no dia do parto e diminuiu gradativamente com o avan?ar da lacta??o at? os 35 dias p?s-parto.
- Published
- 2013
32. Fatores que influenciam o crescimento de cabritos das raças Alpina, Saanen e cruzados, em aleitamento artificial
- Author
-
Pardal, Paulo Reis Branco, Tavares, D., Pascoal, R., and Carolino, Nuno
- Subjects
Saanen ,Crescimento ,Caprino ,Alpina - Abstract
Analisaram-se os pesos de 802 cabritos das raças Alpina, Saanen e cruzados ½Alpina ½Saanen, aleitados artificialmente, com o objetivo de avaliar a influência da raça no peso e crescimento dos animais. Os cabritos foram pesados ao nascimento e, posteriormente, semanalmente, tendo-se calculado os pesos ajustados aos 15, 30, 45 e 60 dias e o GMD do nascimento aos 45, 60 e 45-60 dias. O modelo de análise incluiu os efeitos da raça, tipo de parto, sexo, época de nascimento e idade da cabra ao parto. Todos os fatores considerados influenciaram os pesos ao nascimento, 15 e 30 dias (p
- Published
- 2013
33. GReg : a domain specific language for the modeling of genetic regulatory mechanisms
- Author
-
Sedlmajer, Nicolas and Buchs, Didier
- Subjects
Eclipse Modeling Framework ,Genetic Regulatory Mechanisms ,Algebraic Petri Nets ,AlPiNA ,ddc:025.063 ,Domain Specific Languages ,Model Checking - Abstract
This document describes an approach to the modeling and analysis of genetic regulatory mechanisms involved in a cells protein production, based on formal modeling and reasoning and was developed following the Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) methodology. Most available tools propose simulation frameworks to explore biological pathways. Simulation only explores a few of the most probable pathways in the system. On the contrary, techniques such as model checking, explore all the possible behaviors of the modeled systems, thus helping to identify the most relevant pathways. A main drawback of most model checking tools in the life sciences domain is that they take as input a language designed for computer scientists, that is not easily understood by non-expert users. We propose Genetic Regulation language (GReg), a Domain Specific Language (DSL), to provide a comprehensible language to describe the system, while allowing the use of complex and powerful underlying model checking techniques. Algebraic Petri nets Analyzer (AlPiNA) is a powerful model checker handling very large state spaces. AlPiNA was also developed using Eclipse Modeling Project (EMP) approach. This allows us to use Model To Model (M2M) or Model To Text (M2T) transformations. GReg is thus fully integrated in the Eclipse/EMP framework.
- Published
- 2012
34. Kemijski sastav mlijeka Alpina i sanskih koza na području Varaždinske županije
- Author
-
Ostojić, Tanja
- Subjects
kozje mlijeko ,kemijski sastav ,pasmina ,alpina ,sanska ,redoslijed laktacije ,proizvodnja mlijeka - Abstract
Mliječno kozarstvo u Republici Hrvatskoj posljednjih godina je u značajnom napretku. U oživljavanju ove važne grane stočarstva, značajan udio imao je i uvoz visokomliječnih pasmina koza (alpina i sanska). Učinjeni su napori u praćenju proizvodnih svojstava koza uz adekvatnu hranidbu, smještaj i njegu, osobito u pravcu poboljšanja proizvodnosti. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada bio je utvrditi utjecaj pasmine koza (alpina i sanska) i redoslijeda laktacije na kemijski sastav mlijeka: mliječna mast (kg, %), protein (kg, %), laktoze (kg, %), ukupnu količinu posisanog mlijeka, količinu pomuzenog mlijeka u laktaciji i dnevnu količinu mlijeka. Istraživanje je provedeno na 411 koza, od toga 279 alpina i 132 sanske koze, na četri obiteljska poljoprivredna gospodarstva, na području Varaždinske županije tijekom 2010. godine. Obrada podataka izvršena je u programskom sustavu SAS (1999), primjenom GLM procedure. Izračunati su koeficijenti korelacije između pojedinih svojstava. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata o utjecaju pasmine koza na kemijski sastav mlijeka u Varaždinskoj županiji tijekom 2010. godine, vidljiva je najveća prosječna količina mlijeka u alpina koza. U sanskih koza utvrđena je značajno (P
- Published
- 2012
35. Implementation of alpina brand to the czech outdoor shoes market
- Author
-
Rudel, Jakub, Říha, David, and Poucha, Tomáš
- Subjects
brand management ,loajalita ,implementation ,loyalty ,implementace ,Alpina - Abstract
The main aim of this thesis is to analyze the Czech outdoor footwear market .The thesis is focused on the comparison of the perception of loyalty for Alpina brand and selected competing brands of defined consumers' group buying outdoor footwear. Alpine has shown interest in entering the Czech market with a portfolio of products for tourism, trekking and outdoor. In the theoretical part are mentioned problems of the brand management and possible ways of promoting any brand at the market. The BrandDynamics method is mentioned for brand's loyalty and strength evaluation. The practical part of the work involves Alpina's introduction and its short history. It also contains particular analysis of the Czech market with positions' evaluation and strength of selected brands with consumers. From obtained data are clues for successful implementation of Alpina to Czech Republic worked out.
- Published
- 2012
36. Properties specification language for algebraic Petri nets
- Author
-
Marechal Marin, Alexis Ayar and Buchs, Didier
- Subjects
Model checking ,Specification language ,Invariants ,Properties ,Algebraic Petri Nets ,AlPiNA ,ddc:025.063 ,First-order logic - Abstract
Model Checking consists in verifying if a model of a given system meets a set of requirements. The model and the properties can be specified with various formalisms. We chose Algebraic Petri Nets (APNs), a powerful formalism used to model concurrent systems, for the model specification. This report proposes a language for defining invariant properties on APNs. The expressiveness of the language proposed is similar to first order logic, with some extensions (deadlocks and cardinalities). These properties can be used to define the requirements for model checking. This language was created for the tool AlPiNA, an APN model checker developed at the University of Geneva.
- Published
- 2010
37. Polimorfismo do gene da alpha s1-caseína em um rebanho leiteiro na região sudeste do Brasil
- Author
-
Marcelo Teixeira Rodrigues, José Luis da Conceição Silva, Maria Amélia Menck Soares, Giuliana Patrícia Mognol, Rose Meire Costa Brancalhão, and Lucinéia de Fátima Chasko Ribeiro
- Subjects
Genetics ,Genotyping ,Haplotype ,Intron ,Alpina ,Milk proteins ,Biology ,Alpine ,Molecular biology ,Exon ,Saanen ,genotipagem ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Capra hircus ,Allele ,Restriction fragment length polymorphism ,CSN1S1 ,Gene ,Allele frequency ,proteínas do leite - Abstract
Three different regions of the alpha s1-casein gene (CSN1S1) were investigated to determine the frequencies of major alleles for null, low, intermediate and high milk protein expression in a herd of dairy goats raised in the southeastern region of Brazil. Genomic DNA samples were obtained from leukocytes of 145 dairy goats and regions of interest in the gene were amplified through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), then evaluated in both agarose (O and E allele) and polyacrylamide gels (F allele). For better characterization of the F allele, a PCR-RFLP (PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) study was performed employing the endonuclease XmnI. The allelic frequencies in the herd of 62 Saanen goats studied were: CSN1S1E = 0.35; CSN1S1F = 0.30; CSN1S1O1 = 0.02; CSN1S1A+B+C = 0.30, other alleles = 0.03. In another group of 83 Alpine animals, the frequencies were: CSN1S1E = 0.48; CSN1S1F = 0.28; CSN1S1O1 = 0.01; CSN1S1A+B+C = 0.20, other alleles = 0.03. In the region of exon 9 and intron downstream, where mutations that characterize the F allele occur, it was verified that different intragenic haplotypes may exist, involving the deletion of the 23rd nucleotide in the ninth exon in addition to the insertion of 11bp on intron. These haplotypes may be used to make direct association with other alleles. Although rare, a higher number of combinations were found in this work by evaluating in conjunction the region of the insertion of 3bp in the referred intron, which may allow a higher number of associations. A complete characterization of these combinations will allow elaborating simplified protocols to identify animals concerning the alleles of CSN1S1 gene in goats. Foram investigadas três regiões do gene da alpha s1-caseína (CSN1S1) para determinar as frequências dos principais alelos para nula, baixa, média e alta expressão desta proteína no leite em um rebanho de cabras leiteiras na Região Sudeste do Brasil. O DNA genômico foi isolado a partir de amostras de leucócitos provenientes de 145 cabras leiteiras e as regiões de interesse no gene foram amplificadas pela técnica da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) e avaliadas posteriormente em gel de agarose (alelos O e E) e gel de poliacrilamida (alelo F). Para melhor caracterização do alelo F, após a PCR, também foi verificado o polimorfismo no comprimento dos fragmentos de restrição (PCR-RFLP) utilizando-se a endonuclease XmnI. No rebanho analisado, foram encontradas as seguintes frequências alélicas em 62 animais da raça Saanen: CSN1S1E = 0.35; CSN1S1F = 0.30; CSN1S1O1 = 0.02; CSN1S1A+B+C = 0.30; outros alelos = 0.03. Em outro grupo de 83 animais da raça Alpina, as frequências foram: CSN1S1E = 0.48; CSN1S1F = 0.28; CSN1S1O1 = 0.01; CSN1S1A+B+C = 0.20; outros alelos = 0.03. Na região do exon e intron 9, onde ocorrem as mutações que caracterizam o alelo F, podem existir diferentes haplótipos intragênicos, envolvendo a deleção do 23º nucleotídeo do exon 9, e a inserção de 11pb no intron subsequente. Esses haplótipos podem ser utilizados para associação direta a outros alelos. Embora raro, neste trabalho foi encontrado maior número de combinações ao se avaliar, juntamente com as outras duas mutações, a região da inserção de 3pb no mesmo intron, o que pode permitir maior número de associações. A completa caracterização dessas combinações permitirá elaborar protocolos mais simplificados para a identificação de animais quanto aos demais alelos do gene CSN1S1 em caprinos leiteiros.
- Published
- 2009
38. Čimbenici proizvodnosti i sastava kozjeg mlijeka
- Author
-
Boro Mioč, Zvonimir Prpić, Ivan Vnučec, Zdravko Barać, Dubravka Samaržija, and Vesna Pavić
- Subjects
alpina ,sanska ,laktacija ,redoslijed laktacije ,sezona jarenja ,Alpine ,Saanen ,lactation period ,parity ,season of kidding ,food and beverages - Abstract
The aim of this paper was to study the effects of breed, stage of lactation, season of kidding and parity on goat milk yield and composition. A total of 25255 records of daily milk production and 25065 records of fat percentage, 25382 records of protein percentage and 24810 records of lactose percentage were obtained, at approximately monthly intervals, from 3702 Alpine and 411 Saanen goats in Croatia. The analysed data were recorded during 2006. Saanen breed had significantly (P, Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi utjecaj pasmine, stadija i redoslijeda laktacije te sezone jarenja na proizvodnju i sastav kozjeg mlijeka. Ukupno je, od 3702 alpske i 411 sanskih koza uzgajanih u Hrvatskoj, prikupljeno 25255 podataka dnevnih kontrola mliječnosti te 25065 podataka prosječnog udjela mliječne masti, zatim 25382 podatka o sadržaju bjelančevina, kao i 24810 podataka o sadržaju laktoze. Analizirani podaci prikupljeni su u približno jednakim mjesečnim razmacima tijekom 2006. godine. Sanske koze su ostvarile značajno (P
- Published
- 2008
39. Rast jaradi hranjene mliječnom zamjenom
- Author
-
Kezić, Janja, Pavić, Vesna, Mioč, Boro, Kapš, Miroslav, Vnučec, Ivan, and Prpić, Zvonimir
- Subjects
Jarad ,Alpina ,Sanska ,Hrvatska bijela ,Porodna masa ,Dnevni prirast - Abstract
Proizvodnja kozjeg mlijeka u Hrvatskoj pretežno se temelji na alpina i sanskoj pasmini koza. Budući da je dosad provedeno relativno malo znanstvenih istraživanja o mesnim odlikama navedenih pasmina, cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi utjecaj pasmine na porodnu masu i prirast jaradi, hranjene mliječnom zamjenom, u razdoblju od partusa do odbića. Istraživanjem je bilo obuhvaćeno ukupno 721 žensko i muško jare, i to 426 jaradi francuske sanske, 245 francuske alpine i 50 jaradi hrvatske bijele pasmine. Nakon jarenja bilježeni su slijedeći podaci: veličina legla, spol, porodna masa i datum jarenja. Odmah nakon partusa svako jare je označeno brojem te odvojeno od majke. Jarad je podijeljena u skupine od po 18 životinja u boksu i prvih dana hranjena pasteriziranim kolostrumom. Nakon toga hranjena je mliječnom zamjenom u količini od 0, 2 L dnevno u prvom tjednu s postupnim povećanjem do količine od 0, 8 L/dan u posljednjem tjednu prije odbića. Rast jaradi je praćen pojedinačnim vaganjima svakih 10 do 12 dana. Ukupno je bilo 8 vaganja. Prosječna porodna masa sanske jaradi iznosila je 3, 24 kg, alpine 3, 41 kg i hrvatske bijele 2, 90 kg. Navedene razlike u porodnoj masi između pasmina bile su signifikantne (P
- Published
- 2005
40. Rast jaradi hranjene mliječnom zamjenom
- Author
-
Jasna Kezić, Vesna Pavić, Boro Mioč, Miroslav Kapš, Ivan Vnučec, and Zvonimir Prpić
- Subjects
kids ,Alpine ,Saanen ,Hrvatska bijela ,birth weight ,daily gain ,jarad ,alpina ,sanska ,hrvatska bijela ,porodna masa ,dnevni prirast - Abstract
Proizvodnja kozjeg mlijeka u Hrvatskoj pretežno se temelji na alpina i sanskoj pasmini koza. Budući da je dosad provedeno relativno malo znanstvenih istraživanja o mesnim odlikama navedenih pasmina, cilj istra-živanja bio je utvrditi utjecaj pasmine na porodnu masu i prirast jaradi, hranjene mliječnom zamjenom, u razdoblju od partusa do odbića. Istraži-vanjem je bilo obuhvaćeno ukupno 721 žensko i muško jare, i to 426 jaradi francuske sanske, 245 francuske alpine i 50 jaradi hrvatske bijele pasmine. Nakon jarenja bilježeni su sljedeći podaci: veličina legla, spol, porodna masa i datum jarenja. Odmah nakon partusa svako jare je označeno brojem te odvojeno od majke. Jarad je podijeljena u skupine od po 18 životinja u boksu i prvih dana hranjena pasteriziranim kolostrumom. Nakon toga hranjena je mliječnom zamjenom u količini od 0,2 L dnevno u prvom tjednu s postupnim povećanjem do količine od 0,8 L/dan u posljednjem tjednu prije odbića. Rast jaradi je praćen pojedinačnim vaganjima svakih 10 do 12 dana. Ukupno je bilo 8 vaganja. Prosječna porodna masa sanske jaradi iznosila je 3,24 kg, alpine 3,41 kg i hrvatske bijele 2,90 kg. Navedene razlike u porodnoj masi između pasmina bile su signifikantne (P, Goat milk production in Croatia is mainly based on French Alpine and Saanen breed. Since there had been relatively few researches on meat traits of above mentioned breeds, the aim of this paper was to determine the influence of the breed on the birth weight and weight gain of kids fed milk substitute from birth to weaning. The research included a total of 721 female and male kids, of which 426 kids were French Saanen breed, 245 French Alpine and 50 Hrvatska bijela breed. After birth the following data were recorded: litter size, sex, birth weight and date of birth. The kids were tagged, removed from mothers and randomly allocated to individual cages (18 kids in a box). After consuming colostrum, they were fed in groups milk substitute for kids. Individual weightings were performed every 10-12 days during the experiment. There were 8 weightings in all. The average birth weight of the French Saanen kids was 3.24 kg, French Alpine 3.41 kg and the Hrvatska bijela kids 2.90 kg. The mentioned differences in the birth weight between the breeds were significant (P
- Published
- 2005
41. Il paesaggio dolomitico e l'antropizzazione del territorio: i microtoponimi relativi ai percorsi di uomini e animali
- Author
-
Vigolo and M.T.
- Subjects
alpina ,Toponomastica - Published
- 2005
42. Kemijski sastav mesa alpina i sanske jaradi
- Author
-
Mioč, Boro, Pavić, Vesna, and Ivanković, Ante
- Subjects
meso ,kemijski sastav ,alpina ,sanska ,jarad - Abstract
Cilj istraživanja je bio utvrditi osnovni kemijski sastav različitih skupina mišića mlade zaklane jaradi. U tu svrhu uzeti su uzorci mesa od 27 jaradi (14 sanske i 13 alpina) i to mišići lopatice, leđa i buta. U svim uzorcima prvo su ručno odstranjene vidljive primjese masti, hrskavice i kosti, zatim su uzorci samljeveni, homogenizirani, stavljeni u plastične vrećice i zamrznuti do analiziranja. U uzorcima je Weende analizama utvrđena količina vode, bjelančevina, masti, pepela i NET.
- Published
- 2000
43. Povezanost pasmine i intenziteta rasta s kemijskim sastavom jarećeg mesa Porodna masa, prirast jaradi i klaonički pokazatelji
- Author
-
Mioč, Boro
- Subjects
jarad ,sanska ,alpina ,porodna masa ,klaonički pokazatelji - Abstract
Cilj istraživanja kojim je bila obuhvaćena alpina i sanska muška jarad 13 alpina i 14 sanska bio je utvrditi povezanost pasmine i porodne mase s rastom jaradi i klaoničkim pokazateljima, te korelacije između navedenih svojstava. Sva jarad je tijekom istraživanja bila u istim uvjetima držanja i hranidbe. Jarad je pojedinačno vagana svakih 10 dana od poroda do klanja. Nakon klanja izvršena su pojedinačna vaganja trupa, organa grudne, trbušne i zdjelične šupljine, te kože s donjim dijelovima nogu. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju postojanje nesignifikantnih razlika u porodnoj masi alpina 3, 55 kg i sanske 3, 26 kg jaradi. Međutim, alpina jarad je ostvarila signifikantno veće prosječne dnevne priraste od sanske P veći od 0, 001), kao i bolju iskoristivost trupa P veći 0, 05. Prosječan randman alpina jaradi iznosio je 48, 07 posto, a sanske 45, 3 3posto. Dobivene su značajne pozitivne korelacije između porodne mase, prosječnih dnevnih prirasta i tjelesne mase jaradi.
- Published
- 1998
44. Mineral Composition of Liver and Kidneys in Alpine and Saanen Kids
- Author
-
Mioč, Boro, Pavić, Vesna, and Kapš, Miroslav
- Subjects
Jetra ,bubrezi ,alpina ,sanski kozlići - Abstract
Istraživan je mineralni sastav 27 jarećih uzoraka (13 alpina, 14 sanska) jetre i bubrega. Sadržaj mineralnih tvari (Ca, P, K, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn i Cu) utvrđen je atomskom apsorpcijom na aparatu PU - 9100X. U obje pasmine koncentracije svih istraživanih mineralnih tvari bile su veće u jetrima nego u bubrezima. Međutim, signifikantan utjecaj pasmine utvrđen je samo za sadržaj fosfora (P
- Published
- 1998
45. Povezanost pasmine i intenziteta rasta s kemijskim sastavom jarećeg mesa
- Author
-
Mioč, Boro
- Subjects
jarad ,pasmina ,sanska ,alpina ,porodna masa ,prirast ,trup ,randman ,mišići ,voda ,bjelančevine ,mast ,pepeo i mineralne tvari - Abstract
Cilj istraživanja kojim su bila obuhvaćena alpina i sanska jarad 13 alpina i 14 sanske bio je utvrditi povezanost pasmine i porodne mase s rastom jaradi, klaoničkim pokazateljima, kemijskim sastavom i sadržajem mineralnih tvari u različitim poprečno prugastim mišićima, kao i korelacije između navedenih svojstava. Sva jarad je tijekom biološkog dijela istraživanja imala isti hranidbeni tretman. Jarad je od poroda do klanja 80 dan pojedinačno vagana svakih 10 dana. Nakon klanja uzeti su od svakog jareta trupa mišići lopatice -m. deltoideus, m. subscapularis i m. riceps brachi, buta m. biceps femoris, m. semitendineus i m. gastrocnemius, leđa m. longissimus dorsi, m. spinalis et semispinalis, m. trapezius i m. romboideus. Nakon toga svi uzorci su homogenizirani, označeni i zamrznuti do analiziranja. Osnovni kemijski sastav uzoraka mišića utvrđen je Wende analizom, a mineralne tvari atomskom apsorpcijom na Ascu PU-920. Dobiveni rezultati su statistički obrađeni uz primjenu statističkog paketa SAS STAT 1990. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da nije utvrđen signifikantan utjecaj pasmine na porodnu masu jaradi koja je za alpina pasminu iznosila 3,55 kg, a za sansku 3,26 P manje 0,05. Međutim alpina jarad je ostvarila statistički značajno veće prosječne dnevne priraste od sanske P veće 0,001, kao i bolju iskoristivost trupa P veće 0,05. Prosječan randman alpina jaradi iznosio je 48,07 posto, a sanske 45,33 posto. Između pasmina nije utvrđena razlika u osnovnom kemijskom sastavu mišića, s tim da je kemijski sastav bio različit ovisno o anatomskom položaju mišića. Tako je najmanji sadržaj masti utvrđen u mišićima leđa jaradi sanske i alpina pasmine 1,01 posto spram 1,16 posto, zatim u mišićima buta, dok su u mišićima leđa utvrđene signifikantne razlike između pasmina u sadržaju Fe i Zn P veće 0,05. Mišići plećke sanske jaradi sadržavali su signifikantno više Zn i Cu od mišića plećke jaradi alpina pasmine P veće 0,001, P veće 0,01. U obje pasmine jaradi dobiveni su pozitivni koeficijenti korelacije između porodne mase i tjelesne mase 30 i 60 dan. U svim istraživanim mišićima utvrđena je pozitivna korelacija između količine suhe tvari, bjelančevina i masti. Dobivene su pozitivne statistički značajne korelacije u sadržaju makro elemenata između različitih mišića. Koeficijenti korelacije sadržaja mikro elemenata u istraživanim mišićima buta, leđa i plećke dosta su različiti i nemaju određene pravilnosti.
- Published
- 1997
46. G Power.
- Author
-
Mazlumian, Pablo
- Subjects
AUTOMOBILES - Abstract
The article evaluates the E92 M3s automobile from G-Power GmbH.
- Published
- 2011
47. Proyecto de automatización RPA. Alpina productos alimenticios S. A.
- Author
-
Prieto Sandoval, Julieth Vanessa, Franco Trujillo, John Harold, Delgado Gomez, Maria Jose, Prieto Sandoval, Julieth Vanessa, Franco Trujillo, John Harold, and Delgado Gomez, Maria Jose
- Abstract
Se planteó una iniciativa que incorpora la implementación de automatización robótica de procesos en la compañía Alpina Productos Alimenticios S.A, los hallazgos del proyecto demostraron que la adopción de la nueva forma de operar evidenció como resultado una mejora en el proceso, el cual estaba desalineado con el objetivo del área analizada.
48. Utjecaj pasmine i veličine legla na mliječnost koza u prvoj laktaciji
- Author
-
Mioč, Boro
- Subjects
Pasmina ,Alpina ,Sanska ,Mlijeko ,Mliječna mast ,Laktacija ,Veličina legla ,koza ,alpina ,sanska ,pasmina ,veličina legla ,laktacija ,proizvodnja mlijeka - Abstract
Svrha ovog rada bile je utvrditi sposobnost adaptacije visoko produktivnih koza na uvjete proizvodnje u velikim aglomeracijama. U tu svrhu praćeni su plodnost, porodna težina i spol jaradi, proizvodnja mlijeka te količina mliječne masti kao i veza između plodnosti i mliječnosti i veza između količine mlijeka i mliječne masti. Sanske koze bsu imale veću prosječnu plodnost od alpina koza (1, 31:1, 24 jaradi u leglu). Prosječna porodna težina alpina jaradi iznosila je 3, 27 kg i bile je signifikantno veća od prosječne porodne težine sanske jaradi. Mlijeko alpina koza imalo je značajno veći postotak mliječne masti. Utvrđena je vrlo značajna i pozitivna korelacija između proizvedenog mlijeka i mliječne masti u kilogramima, kao i između dužine laktacije i ukupnog proizvedenog mlijeka.
- Published
- 1989
49. Tjelesna masa i prirast jaradi u uvjetima intenzivne proizvodnje
- Author
-
Mioč, Boro, Pavić, Vesna, and Crnojević, Zdravko
- Subjects
Jarad ,Alpina ,Sanska ,Težina ,Prirast - Abstract
Ovo istraživanje je provedeno na 80 jaradi alpina i sanske pasmine u jednakom omjeru spolova u obje grupe (50:50%), držanih u istim uvjetima njege i smještaja u jednoj društvenoj farmi koza, u razdoblju od partusa do 102. dana života. Prosječna porodna težina alpina jaradi bila je vrlo značajno veća (P
- Published
- 1988
50. Altitudinal bird migration in North America
- Author
-
Boyle, W. Alice
- Published
- 2017
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