Search

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of silk and Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) sutures on postoperative complications in impacted lower third molar surgery. This prospective, randomized, split-mouth, double-blind clinical study was performed between January 2021 and June 2022 at the Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University. The patients were categorized into two groups in terms of using suture material. PET suture was used in Group 1, and the silk suture in Group 2 for wound closure following impacted lower third molar surgery. The statistical significance level was accepted as p 0.05). However, the VAS values of the silk group patients were higher at the 12th and 24th hours (p

Background: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a musculoskeletal disorder and one of the major causes of low back pain leading to the disability with high economic repercussions worldwide. This study applied the candidategene approach to investigate the potential association of selected polymorphisms with IDD development in a Jordanian population. Methods: MRI-diagnosed IDD patients (N=155) and asymptomatic individuals as a control group (N=55). Whole blood samples for four variants in three genes (rs1800587 of IL-1a, rs1143634 of IL-1b and rs2228570 and rs731236 of VDR) were genotyped by PCR-RFLP. Results: There was no significant association between the studied polymorphisms or their allelic frequency and the occurrence of IDD. However, the cohort presented a significant reverse association between rs1143634 C > T of the IL-1b gene and the occurrence of IDD (p < 0.0001). In addition, BMI showed a significant association with the IDD in the study population (p < 0.005). The current study was conceptualized based on the candidate-gene approach to investigate the role of inflammatory and metabolic genes, IL and VDR, respectively, in the occurrence of IDD. Conclusions: While the data presented in this study showed that polymorphisms in these genes were not associated with IDD of the cohort investigated, elevated BMI, as a measure of obesity, is strongly associated with IDD. Investigating potential roles of other structural genes, such as col-IX and aggrecan (ACAN), in IDD and considering a GWAS to elucidate a genomically global look at the basis of IDD development would be of considerable impact on our understanding of IDD.

Bacterial skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are widespread microbic invasions of the skin and deeper tissues. Topical drug delivery systems are the most favored administration pathway when treating SSTIs. This is down to their minimal risk of inducing systemic adverse events, reduced development of bacterial resistance, and ease of application. However, they have several drawbacks, including the lack of control over the drug release profile, skin irritations, and the limited permeability of certain compounds through the skin. To address these limitations, several nanocarrier systems were developed, with nanoliposomes standing out as the leading delivery system for the topical management of SSTIs. Despite considerable research into liposomes over the past decade, there remains a gap in detailed knowledge about designing these carriers specifically for SSTIs. Consequently, there is a pressing need for comprehensive research that focuses on the use of nanoliposomes for SSTIs and offers an extensive understanding of both SSTIs and liposomal formulations. This review explores bacterial SSTIs, covering their epidemiology, classification, microbiology, and management. It emphasizes the contribution of liposome-based nanovesicles in enhancing the local administration of antibiotics and natural antibacterial compounds for SSTI management. It also delves into the effects of liposomal formulation changes on the disease therapeutic outcomes. Additionally, it provides a guide for aligning the characteristics of the liposomes with the infection types, depths, properties, and causative agents. This signifies a substantial leap forward in the domains of drug design, development, and delivery., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Background: Alterations in sperm mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) affect the functions of some OXPHOS proteins which will affect sperm motility and may be associated with asthenozoospermia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between 7599- bp and 7345- bp sperm mtDNA deletions and asthenozoospermia in Jordan., Methods: Semen specimens from 200 men including 121 infertile and 79 healthy individuals were collected at the Royal Jordanian Medical Services In-vitro fertilization (IVF) units. The mtDNA was extracted followed by mtDNA amplification. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted for the target sequences, then DNA sequencing was performed for the PCR products. Chi-square, Fisher's and Spearman's tests were used to calculate the correlation., Results: The results showed a significant correlation between the presence of 7599- bp mtDNA deletion and infertility where the frequency of the 7599- bp deletion was 63.6% in the infertile group compared to the fertile 34.2% (p<0.001, (OR=3.37, 95% CI=1.860 to 6.108)). Additionally, the sperm motility showed a significant association with the frequency of the 7599- bp deletion (p=0.001, r=-0.887). The 7345- bp mtDNA deletion showed no assoctiation with the infertility (p=0.65, (OR=0.837, 95% CI= 0.464-1.51)) or asthenozoospermia (p=0.98, r=0.008)., Conclusion: We demonstrated a significant correlation between asthenozoospermia and the 7599- bp mtDNA deletion but not the 7345- bp mtDNA deletion in the infertile men in Jordan. Screening for deletions in sperm mtDNA can be used as a pre-diagnostic molecular marker for male infertility., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest We declare there is no conflict of interest., (Copyright© 2021, Avicenna Research Institute.)

Gentamicin has proven to be a very successful treatment for bacterial infection, but it also can cause adverse effects, especially ototoxicity, which is irreversible. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in saliva is a more convenient non-invasive alternative compared to plasma. A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of gentamicin was built and validated using previously-published plasma and saliva data. The validated model was then used to predict experimentally-observed plasma and saliva gentamicin TDM data in Jordanian pediatric preterm infant patients measured using sensitive LCMS/MS method. A correlation was established between plasma and saliva exposures. The developed PBPK model predicted previously reported gentamicin levels in plasma, saliva and those observed in the current study. A good correlation was found between plasma and saliva exposures. The PBPK model predicted that gentamicin in saliva is 5-7 times that in plasma, which is in agreement with observed results. Saliva can be used as an alternative for TDM of gentamicin in preterm infant patients. Exposure to gentamicin in plasma and saliva can reliably be predicted using the developed PBPK model in patients., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)

Male infertility is commonly associated with sperm abnormalities including asthenozoospermia. The molecular basis of asthenozoospermia was linked to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. The 4,977-bp human mtDNA deletion is one of the most common mutations of spermatozoa and results in loss of about 33% of the mitochondrial genome. In this preliminary study, we aimed to investigate the presence of 4,977-bp mtDNA deletion in asthenozoospermic infertile men in Jordan. Semen specimens of 120 asthenozoospermic infertile men and 80 normozoospermic individuals were collected at the in vitro fertilization unit. MtDNA was extracted after the enrichment of spermatozoa; then, polymerase chain reaction was performed using 4,977-bp mtDNA deletion-specific primers. The deletion of 4,977-bp mtDNA was detected in 79.2% of asthenozoospermic patients compared to 10% in normozoospermic controls. The results showed a significant association between the presence of 4,977-bp mtDNA deletion and the asthenozoospermia and infertility (OR = 34.2000, 95% CI = 14.57-80.26, p-value < .001). In conclusion, our findings underscored a strong association between 4,977-bp mtDNA deletion and asthenozoospermia in the Jordanian population., (© 2019 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.)

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate ketorolac (KT) systemic absolute bioavailability after sublingual (SL) administration in vivo to conscious rabbits. Furthermore, the study investigated the potential use of chitosan nanoparticles as a delivery system to enhance the systemic bioavailability of KT following SL administration., Methods: Ketorolac-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared through ionotropic gelation of chitosan with tripolyphosphate anions. The KT-nanoparticles were administered SL as a spray to rabbits and KT plasma concentration at predetermined time points was compared to SL spray administration of KT in solution. The concentrations of KT in plasma were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (UPLC/MS)., Results: KT-loaded chitosan nanoparticles significantly (p < .05) enhanced systemic absorption with 97% absolute bioavailability as compared to 70% after SL administration of KT solution., Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that SL absorption of KT illustrated flip-flop kinetics with prolonged persistence in the body compared to intravenous administration. Formulation of KT as chitosan nanoparticles has increased its systemic bioavailability after SL spray administration. The new delivery system could be an attractive approach for the delivery of KT.