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Depending upon promoting and wide-spreading the use of renewable energy sources to preserve natural sources and forest land, several laws and regulations have been drawn by States in terms of sustainability. Investigations in forest land and natural sources for various reasons, statistics revealing forest crimes are being overviewed for sustainable preservation of forests and new arrangements in laws and regulations are being made. The statistics of forest crimes by the Office of Forestry, Preservation and Exploitation Branch and the Electricity Authority of TRNC were referred to while carrying out this study. The findings in these statistics revealed a substantial increase in forest crimes between the years 2012-2017 due to the lack of a State policy and failure in the common use of renewable resources. The findings in this research point to the fact that, based on a sustainable environment policy, more investment in renewable energy sources is essential and will positively affect the reductionof forest crime rates.

Although the effects of noise and noise pollution on the people living in the settlements located in these areas on the people living in these areas are of great importance, it affects their mental and psychological conditions negatively, and this situation creates a domino effect and causes greater health problems. As a result of the technological developments that took place in the second half of this century, although the sound and noise levels caused by the aircraft decreased, the measurements made show that this is not at a sufficient level. In this context, the aim of the study is to determine the effects of the noise and noise pollution caused by the existing settlements in the Ercan Airport region during the descent, take-off, or landing and take-off of the aircraft and the measures to be taken. In the study, due to the lack of publications on the subject and the coronavirus pandemic all over the world, it was tried to come to a conclusion by using ready data and combining these data with Google earth and flyradar24 programs.

Although the effects of noise and noise pollution on the people living in the settlements located in these areas on the people living in these areas are of great importance, it affects their mental and psychological conditions negatively, and this situation creates a domino effect and causes greater health problems. As a result of the technological developments that took place in the second half of this century, although the sound and noise levels caused by the aircraft decreased, the measurements made show that this is not at a sufficient level. In this context, the aim of the study is to determine the effects of the noise and noise pollution caused by the existing settlements in the Ercan Airport region during the descent, take-off, or landing and take-off of the aircraft and the measures to be taken. In the study, due to the lack of publications on the subject and the coronavirus pandemic all over the world, it was tried to come to a conclusion by using ready data and combining these data with Google earth and flyradar24 programs.

Depending upon promoting and wide-spreading the use of renewable energy sources to preserve natural sources and forest land, several laws and regulations have been drawn by States in terms of sustainability. Investigations in forest land and natural sources for various reasons, statistics revealing forest crimes are being overviewed for sustainable preservation of forests and new arrangements in laws and regulations are being made. The statistics of forest crimes by the Office of Forestry, Preservation and Exploitation Branch and the Electricity Authority of TRNC were referred to while carrying out this study. The findings in these statistics revealed a substantial increase in forest crimes between the years 2012-2017 due to the lack of a State policy and failure in the common use of renewable resources. The findings in this research point to the fact that, based on a sustainable environment policy, more investment in renewable energy sources is essential and will positively affect the reductionof forest crime rates.

INTRODUCTION:The global knowledge world of the 21st century requires rethinking about economy, politics, social facts, technology and increasing importance for information besides rethinking ecology and discussing it as a part of tendency in globalisation. Environmental issues have become a subject which is widely discussed and waiting for solution towards the concern of whole humanity. The individuals develop awareness and take precautions towards this subject is considered as an important step in solving problems. From this point of view, among individuals, especially youth, the subjects about creating environmental awareness and constructing consciousness of protecting environment have also been researched in academic studie s (Tunc, Omur, & Duren, 2012).Individual behaviours related to environment have been influenced by people's attitude and belief. At the same time, the way of discussing about environmental issues is also seen as a moral issue. The individuals who have environmental awareness and who worry about the self -effects of the environmental issues are supposed to behave with a care towards environment in every activity while leading their lives. Yet the behaviour of individuals towards the environment is the reflections of their environmental sensitiveness (Gadenne, Kennedy, & McKeiver, 2009).Environmental consciousness is the sum of behaviours that transfers ideas to the life which include environmental decisions, principles, comments and sum of emotions related to these behaviours (Turk, 2011). Education programs have primary importance in ra ising awareness about environment. Environmental education is the process of improving attitude to protect nature, value judgement, knowledge, skill and showing environmental -friendly behaviours and observing its results (Ozpinar, 2010). Preserving natural resources, developing a common sense for environmental issues and constructing a clean and healthy future can be provided by giving necessary importance to education (Firat, Kiraz, & Sepetcioglu, 2012). Kiziroglu (2009) has come to a conclusion as below a bout environmental education:* Environmental education shapes the ecologic behaviour patterns of individuals.* Environmental education includes the relationship of behaviours with natural, social and artificial environment which is demanded at schools and universities.* Environmental education helps students to gain the necessary ability for solving problems at school, enables them to take part in political life* Environmental education should be provided in interdisciplinary level* Environmental education should be shaped in accordance with students, families, mass media, non-government organisations, school management and teachersIn "Our Social Environment' lesson which is taught to 4 th and 5th grade students at Northern Cyprus education system, the environm ent subject is appropriate for this age group takes place and this lesson is supported as well as reinforced with activities (Science -Nature Activity). Formerly, there used to be the "Environment, Nature and Traffic' lesson for primary school children in 1 st, 2nd and 3rd classes but later, this lesson was removed from the curriculum. At present, the environmental subjects are placed in the related units convolutedly within life science subject. In the 4 th and 5th grades, environmental topics take part in the Social Studies lesson within the name of "Technology and Environment' where the advantages and disadvantages of technology are discussed (Yetkin & Dascan, 2010).As per the curriculum laid by General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE), the enviro nmental topics are placed under Foundation Science to GCSE (for 6 -7th), Science and Geography (for 6 th grade), Science (for 7-8th grade), Geography, Biology and Chemistry (for 9 -10-11-12th grade) lessons (Firat, Kiraz, & Gunduz, 2011).At the level of bachelor degree, the lessons within environmental theme haven't taken commensurate place. …

This research aims to expose deployment challenges of offshore renewable energy systems in developing countries. The investigation of the deployment model covers climate conditions, economic conditions, necessary infrastructure services and wind power by considering the case of Cyprus Island which is one of the Small Island Developing States (SIDS) countries. The convenience of Offshore Energy Systems to the territory and their systematic proper work is an important issue. Because of that, the setting up of Offshore Wind Energy Tribunes in Cyprus, the planning process, structuring of cost values and necessary resources, the investigation of the geographic conditions for obtaining the energy flow and assessment of these conditions for Offshore Wind Tribunes are the prime objectives of this study. The orientation period and the applicable qualifications of the offshore energy systems were evaluated on the basis of the world wide references. The study is concluded by the estimation of the advantages and disadvantages of the system for Cyprus.

WOS: 000273933000003 Objective: The aim of this study was to determine pulmonary function in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients and to assess the relationship with clinical parameters. Material and Methods: A total of 30 patients with definite AS (Group 1) and 20 age-matched healthy controls (Group 2) were recruited for the study. Patients and healthy controls were assessed according to visual analog scale (VAS) pain, 6 minute walk test (6MWT), chest expansion, the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI). Pulmonary function was assessed by forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and vital capacity (VC). Results: There was no statistically significant difference in age or body mass index between groups (p>0.05). There were significant differences in VAS pain, chest expansion, BASDAI and BASFI scores and pulmonary function parameters FVC, FEV1, VC and 6MWT between groups (p

Bu randomize kontrollü çalışmanın amacı, diz osteoartrit (OA) tedavisinde transkutanöz elektriksel sinir stimulasyon (TENS) uygulamasının ağrı, disabilite, fonksiyon, yaşam kalitesi ve depresyon üzerine etkisini değerlendirmektir.MetodAmerikan Romatoloji Derneği kriterlerine göre primer diz OA tanısı alan 40 hasta randomize edilerek iki tedavi grubuna ayrıldı. Grup 1; TENS (sıcak torba, egzersiz tedavisi ve TENS), Grup 2; Kontrol (sıcak torba, egzersiz tedavisi ve plasebo TENS) tedavisine alındılar. Ağrı (vizüel analog skala, VAS) ve (Western Ontario McMaster osteoartrit indeksi, WOMAC ağrı), disabilite ve eklem sertliği (WOMAC fiziksel fonksiyon ve eklem sertliği), fonksiyonel performans (10 basamaklı merdiveni çıkıp inme zamanı, 10basMÇİZ) ve (Altı dakika yürüme testi, 6DYT), yaşam kalitesi (kısa form 36, SF 36) ve depresyon (Beck depresyon indeksi, BDİ) ile değerlendirildi. Tüm tedavi gruplarında fizik tedavi modaliteleri ve egzersiz haftada 5 gün 3 hafta süreyle uygulandı.Bulgularİki tedavi grubunda da; ağrı, disabilite, eklem sertliği, fonksiyonel performans, SF 36 alt grup skorlarının çoğunda ve depresyonda tedavi sonrasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı iyileşme saptandı. VAS ağrı, WOMAC ağrı, WOMAC disabilite ve SF 36 alt grup skorlarının bir kısmında grup 1'de grup 2'ye göre istatistiksel olarak daha anlamlı gelişme tespit edildi.SonuçBu çalışmada, Diz OA'lı hastalarda TENS'in ağrı, disabilite ve yaşam kalitesinin bazı parametrelerine etkili olduğunu tespit ettik. TENS tedavisinin ağrı ve disabiliteyi azaltma ve yaşam kalitesine olumlu katkı yapma yönüyle egzersiz tedavisiyle birlikte kullanılabileceği sonucuna vardık.Anahtar kelimeler: Diz osteoartriti, TENS, ağrı, disabilite, yaşam kalitesi, depresyon The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the impact of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on pain, disability, functional performance, quality of life (QOL) and depression in the patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsForty patients with primary knee OA diagnosis according to American College Rheumatology criteria were sequentially divided into 2 random groups. The patients in group 1 received TENS (with exercise and hot pack), group 2 accepted as controls ( placebo TENS, exercise and hot pack). Patients were assessed according to pain (visual analog scala, VAS) and (Western Ontario McMaster osteoarthritis index, WOMAC pain score), disability and stiffness (WOMAC physical function and stiffness score), functional performance (6-minute walk distance test, 6MWD) and (10 steps stairs climbing up-down time), QOL (Short Form 36, SF 36) and depression (Beck Depression Invantory, BDI). All of the programs (TENS, plasebo TENS and exercise) were performed 5 days a week, for a duration of 3 weeks.ResultsBoth groups showed stastically significant improvements in pain, disability, stiffness, functional performance, most of the sub-scores of SF 36 and depression after the therapy. The improvements for VAS pain, WOMAC pain, disability and some of the sub-scores of SF 36 were better in the group 1 than in the group 2.ConclusionIn this study, we determined that TENS treatment was effective on pain, disability and on some parameters of QOL in the patients with knee OA. We decided that TENS treatment can be used with exercise therapy because it increases pain and disability and makes positive effect on QOL.Key words: Knee osteoarthritis, pain, disability, quality of life, depression 78

Due to the increase in the popularity of renewable energy resources based on their low cost, efficiency and environmentally friendly nature; many developing countries has begun to take precautions in order to facilitate the best possible utilisation of these resources. Many research showed that energy consumption and re-use of energy generated by biomass utilisation in several countries have come into prominence. This research addresses the advantages and disadvantages of biomass energy, environmental and economic factors and benefits of the utilisation of biomass energy systems. Nevertheless, legal processes required for biomass energy facilities are reviewed and included in this research. This research covers the sample project named as 'MorSalkim' which is a prospective project that will be possibly held in Cyprus Island which is regarded as a developing island country in the Mediterranean sea. In this project, the role of utilisation of geographical information systems within biomass centre configuration and increase in efficiency and the economic, environmental and sustainability facts are revealed.

This study provides information about pursuit of quality education in higher education institutions. Higher education structures and systems of developed and developing countries will be examined and information about recent studies are also provided in this study. Studies of many international institutions about quality education are being investigated. The effects of pursuit of quality in education on higher education institutions of countries are included in this study. Information about international universities, information network and systems network carried out together through using modern technology in higher education institutions are explained. Adoption of new administration forms shaped with competition environment in the institutions and the reflections of these adopted new forms in the higher education institutions are also discussed. The study includes information about the modernization studies initiated by higher education institutions in all areas. In the light of the information obtained from this study, the case of Cyprus which is a small island developing country in Mediterranean Sea is illustrated and information about the structure, development, quality issues and precautions taken against the issues in higher education institutions of Cyprus are provided.