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Objectives: To compare contact lens discomfort (CLD) using the Contact Lens Dry Eye Questionnaire-8 (CLDEQ8) in short and long-term CL wearers. Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 98 patients who applied to the Department of Ophthalmology of Ufuk University between January 2020 and January 2021 and had a history of wearing contact lenses for over a month. Participants who wore contact lenses (CL) for six months or less were categorized as short-term CL users, while those who wore them for more than six months were categorized as long-term CL users. Contact lens compliance and the CLDEQ-8 questionnaire results were compared between the groups. Results: The mean age was 21.70±2.81 years in 55 short-term CL wearers, and 80% were female. In 43 longterm CL wearers, the mean age was 28.69±8.48 years, and 86% were female (respectively, p<0.001, p=0.592). The duration of CL wear was 2.36±1.06 months in short-term CL wearers and 10.11±5.6 months in long-term CL wearers (p<0.001). The mean CLDEQ-8 score was 11.52±6.59 in short-term CL wearers and 14.37±6.55 in long-term CL wearers (p=0.015). In addition, 40% of short-term and 65.1% of long-term users had a CLDEQ-8 score greater than 12 (p=0.016). Conclusion: Long-term CL wearers experienced much more CLD, and several considered removing their lenses at various times. Contact lens discomfort has to be investigated, especially in long-term CL users, and solutions should be developed to avoid CL dropout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the changes in the macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness and central macular thickness (CMT) as measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) post-argon laser panretinal photocoagulation (PRP).Methods: The medical records of 25 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) who underwent PRP, 29 patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and 29 patients with diabetes but without diabetic retinopathy (DR) were analyzed. The patients who received PRP were followed up for one year. The follow-up measurements were evaluated at baseline, and months 1, 6, and 12 post-argon laser PRP. The baseline values of CMT and GCC thickness were compared among the groups to assess changes with PRP therapy.Results: The CMT gradually increased in months 1 and 6 and then decreased; however, it was significantly higher than the baseline value at month 12 in the PDR group post-PRP. The GCC thickness also increased at months 1 and 6 in almost all segments of the macula, but at month 12 decreased to the baseline value. There was no correlation between the increasing thickness of the macula and change in the GCC thickness post-PRP period in the PDR group. In addition, no significant correlation was detected between the GCC thickness and best-corrected visual acuity during all follow-up visits.Conclusions: GCC thickness increased significantly until month 6 compared with baseline values in most of the macular segments post-PRP in the PDR group. The GCC thickness at month 12 was not different from the baseline thickness in any of the macular segments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the agreement of corneal thickness (CT) measurements obtained by the Pentacam Scheimpflug camera, noncontact specular microscopy (SM), and ultrasonographic pachymetry (UP) in diabetic (DM) patients; and whether duration of diabetes and level of Hb A1c affect the agreement.Materials and Methods: The CT was measured in 127 patients with DM, and 137 age and sex-matched healthy controls sequentially by Pentacam, SM, and UP. Also diabetic subjects were subdivided according to duration of diabetes and Hb A1c levels. Pearson correlation analysis, linear regression analysis, and Bland–Altman plots were used for examination of agreement.Results: We found an excellent and statistically significant correlation of CT measurements between Pentacam–SM (R2= 0.768;R2= 0.855), Pentacam–UP (R2= 0.546;R2= 0.652), and SM–UP (R2= 0.759;R2= 0.797) in diabetic and control groups, respectively. We performed further comparisons of the pair of instruments using the Bland–Altman analysis, and the mean difference between pair of methods was much smaller for SM–UP pair (−4.20 ± 9.79 in diabetic, and −4.58 ± 8.08 in control group). The group having Hb A1c level less than 7.5% showed the best agreement between SM–UP pair as in the control group. Whereas Pentacam–UP showed the best agreement in the group having Hb A1c level ≥7.5%. The best agreement was between Pentacam–UP in 0–4 year group, and between Pentacam-SM in 5–9 year and ≥10 year groups.Conclusion: SM–UP pair showed a higher agreement in diabetic patients. According to subgroup analyses, Hb A1c level, rather than the duration of diabetes, may determine the agreement of these pachymetry devices. But the difference in CT measurements between devices can still influence clinical diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, these methods are not completely interchangeable. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Background/aim: To compare the effectiveness of intraoperative 5 fluorouracil (5-FU) and mitomycin C (MMC) application in preventing recurrence following primary pterygium excision. Materials and methods: This was a prospective clinical trial that included 93 patients with primary pterygia assigned to three treatment groups in which 29 patients received an intraoperative application of 25 mg/mL 5-FU for 5 min, 32 patients received an intraoperative application of 0.02% MMC for 5 min, and 32 patients underwent only surgical excision (the control group). Follow-up visits were done on postoperative days 1, 3, 7, 15, and 30, and then every month. Results: After a mean follow-up of 14 months, the surgical excision recurrence rates in the 5-FU, MMC, and control groups were 27.6%, 12.5%, and 43.75%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the 5-FU and MMC groups when compared with the control group (chi-square; P = 0.04); however, the difference between the 5-FU and MMC groups was not significant. No serious complications were seen in the 5-FU and MMC groups. Conclusion: Intraoperative application of MMC and 5-FU is effective and safe for the prevention of recurrence. Our findings suggest that MMC is more potent for the prevention of recurrence and it causes less complaints than 5-FU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Congenital retinoschisis (CR) is a genetic disorder inherited as X linked recessive trait and characterized by splitting of the retinal layers. The disease is the most common macular degeneration in adolescent and young males and visual loss is the most common symptom. The ophthalmoscopic hallmark of the disease is bilateral foveomacular schisis caused by microcystic formations that may occur in all retinal layers. In approximately half of the cases, peripheral retinoschisis is also evident. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) allows detailed non-invasive analysis of retinal microstructure and lamination in patients affected with CR. Here we present a patient with CR and discuss OCT findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]