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Reem A Ali,1 Ahlam Alnatour,2 Karimeh Alnuaimi,1 Fatmeh Alzoubi,1 Maysa Almomani,3 Areej Othman4 1Department of Maternal and Child Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; 2Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; 3Department of Adult Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; 4Department of Maternal and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan Background: Youths in Jordan lack knowledge related to reproductive health (RH). Interactive teaching methods showed positive results in enhancing health awareness and adopting healthy practices among students. Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the usefulness of interactive teaching in promoting health awareness of RH among nonmedical university students in Jordan.Methods: We employed a quasi-experimental one group pretest and posttest design for a purposive sample of 210 students (18–24 years). Knowledge and attitudes regarding RH issues were assessed using a questionnaire developed by the researchers. Results: A significant improvement in students’ knowledge and attitudes toward RH was evident. Female students had higher scores on knowledge than male students in the pretest; this difference was smaller in the posttest. Also, female students had significantly more positive attitudes toward RH in pretest than males, although this difference vanished in the posttest. Study results indicated that students benefit from study intervention regardless their gender. Conclusion: Integrating RH into university’s curriculum coupled with interactive learning approach is a powerful way to promote RH awareness among youths. Keywords: STIs, young adult, family planning, premarital examination, health promotion

Copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) thin films with different doping ratios of Cadmium (Cd) were successfully fabricated using the sol-gel method by dip-coating technique. The surface morphology, the crystal structure properties as well the optical properties of undoped CZTS thin film and Cd- doped CZTS thin films were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. SEM micrographs demonstrated that the size and morphology of the particles improve due to increasing the Cd concentration in CZTS thin films. In addition, the XRD patterns exhibited the crystalline nature for CZTS thin films with kesterite crystal structure and showed improvement in some crystal structure properties such as crystal size and volume of unit cell with the incorporation of Cd into CZTS thin films. Moreover, optical bandgap energy Eg, in addition to several optoelectronic parameters such as refractive index (n), extinction coefficient (k), dispersion energy, high-frequency dielectric constant, density of state, Plasma frequency, and relaxation time have been estimated. Remarkably, the bandgap energy of CZTS thin films ranges from 1.594 eV to 1.529 eV depending on the Cd content; it increases with increases the concentration of Cd into CZTS thin films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This literature review analysed facial nerve management strategies in jugular paraganglioma surgery and discusses the tumour resection rate and the facial nerve outcome associated with each technique. Methods: A retrospective review of PubMed and Medline articles on the surgical treatments for jugular paraganglioma was performed. Tumour resection rates and post-operative facial nerve function after nonrerouting, short anterior rerouting and long anterior rerouting approaches were evaluated for each article. Results: A total of 15 studies involving a total of 688 patients were included. Post-operative facial nerve function was similar after non-rerouting and short anterior rerouting approaches (p = 0.169); however, both of these techniques had significantly better post-operative facial nerve outcomes compared with long anterior rerouting (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). The total tumour removal rate was significantly higher for long anterior rerouting than with the non-rerouting approach (p = 0.016). There was no difference in total tumour removal rate between the long and short anterior rerouting approaches (p = 0.067) and between the short anterior rerouting and non-rerouting approaches (p = 0.867). Conclusion: No strict guidelines for facial nerve management in jugular paraganglioma resection are available. Although long anterior rerouting provides the best tumour exposure along with a low morbidity rate, case-by-case selection of the surgical approach is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The levitation force between a cylindrical superconductor in the Meissner state and a small magnetic ring was calculated using the dipole-dipole interaction model under the assumption that the magnetic ring is small compared with the physical dimensions of the system. We obtained analytical expressions for the levitation forces as a function of the geometrical parameters of the ring and the superconductor sample as well as the height of magnetic ring. We analyzed the levitation force in two configurations of the magnetic moment of the small ring with respect to the surface of the superconductor: one horizontal in which the magnetic moment is parallel to the surface of superconductor and the other vertical in which the magnetic moment is perpendicular to the surface of superconductor. The levitation force for vertical configuration is always higher than that for horizontal configuration. Also, the force in vertical configuration does not depend on the geometry of the magnetic ring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous literature indicates that even when teachers hold antibullying attitudes, they may fail to intervene, suggesting that self-efficacy is essential for successful intervention. This study explored the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between attitudes toward bullying and intervention efforts among teachers. A cross-sectional, mediational design was used with a convenience sample of 567 Jordanian teachers teaching students aged 12 to 17. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire that included the Bullying Attitude Questionnaire-Modified, Teachers' Self-Efficacy Regarding Bullying Scale, and the Handling Bullying Questionnaire. Mediation analysis with PROCESS Macro v4.2 revealed a nonsignificant total effect between teachers' attitudes and their interventions, but self-efficacy fully mediated this relationship. These findings highlight the importance of enhancing teachers' self-efficacy to ensure that antibullying attitudes translate to active intervention. School nurses can support this by helping teachers reflect on their attitudes, boosting their self-efficacy, and developing effective intervention strategies., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Objective: The present retrospective study aimed to determine the relationship between the secondary implant stability quotient and different parameters related to an oxidized implant., Methods: A total of 135 patients (305 oxidized implants) were included. Implant-related factors (length, diameter, surgical and loading protocols, grafting, insertion torque, and primary stability) were used for comparisons and linear regression analyses, using secondary ISQ as the dependent variable., Results: At the patient level, the mean time from implantation to secondary ISQ registration was 20.3 ± 29 weeks, and the mean secondary ISQ was 77.30 ± 7.22. The ISQ did not reveal significant differences regarding implant lengths, loading protocol, and simultaneous grafting. In contrast, platform diameters (3.5, 4.3, and 5.0), surgical protocols (one stage versus two stages), insertion torque (<35 Ncm versus >35 Ncm), and primary stability (achieved versus not achieved) all revealed significant secondary ISQ differences. Nevertheless, the regression analysis demonstrated that the platform diameter was the only variable significantly and positively predicted the secondary ISQ. Similar findings were found with the implant level analysis., Conclusions: Among different implant- and protocol-related parameters, the platform diameter of the oxidized implant appears to be the only significant predictor of high secondary ISQ values at the time of superstructure connection., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors.)

Aim: Post-operative pain may occur after non-surgical root canal treatment (NSRCT). The root filling technique and choice of sealer may be contributing factors. This randomized controlled clinical trial compared post-operative pain and analgesics intake after NSRCT using a sealer-based obturation technique (SBO) with single-cone gutta-percha and calcium silicate sealer (CSS) versus a warm-vertical compaction (WVC) technique with gutta-percha and a resin-based sealer (RBS)., Methodology: This study was designed as a parallel-two arm, double-blind, randomized superiority clinical trial registered at www., Clinicaltrials: gov (NCT04753138). Patients referred for NSRCT fulfilling the inclusion criteria participated in this study. Pre-operative periapical radiographs and CBCT scans were taken and numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores were recorded. Upon completion of canal instrumentation, participants were randomly allocated to either Group SBO: SBO with CSS or Group WVC: Warm-vertical compaction with RBS. Post-operative pain and analgesics intake were recorded at 1, 3 and 7 days after endodontic treatment completion. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney U and Friedman tests and a generalized estimating equation were used to assess differences in pain scores between the groups, within each treatment group at different time points and for correlations, respectively., Results: The study included 195 participants (212 teeth). One participant declined to submit the NRS form. Therefore, 194 participants (211 teeth) were included in the final analysis (99.5% response rate). No statistically significant differences in post-operative pain or analgesic intake existed between the two groups at any time point (p > .05). Age, pre-operative pain, apical diagnosis and post-operative analgesic intake were significantly related to post-operative pain (p < .05)., Conclusions: Sealer-based obturation technique with CSS was associated with similar post-operative pain levels and analgesics intake as WVC with RBS. Regarding post-operative pain, SBO with CSSs may be a suitable clinical alternative., (© 2024 British Endodontic Society. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Objective: To describe and evaluate a modified cochlear implant surgical procedure for patients with a thick musculocutaneous flap., Materials and Methods: A prospective study for cochlear implant surgery in selected patients with a musculocutaneous flap thicker than 7 mm., Results: Fourteen patients with a thick scalp flap underwent cochlear implantation between July 2019 and December 2020. The patient age ranged between 17 and 53 years. The flap thickness was between 7 mm and 14 mm. The mean follow uptime post operatively was 16.5 months. The cochlear implant receiver coil was successfully implanted using the transmuscular technique without complications and with normal audiological function., Conclusion: The transmuscular pocket modified technique is a safe and effective method to overcome a thick musculocutaneous flap in cochlear implant surgery.

Statement of Problem: Fractures of interim fixed restorations are a common complication. The autopolymerized polymethyl methacrylate resin materials used for interim fixed restorations have limited mechanical properties, but whether adding treated zirconium dioxide nanoparticles improves mechanical properties is unclear., Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of treated zirconium dioxide nanoparticles on the flexural strength and elastic modulus of autopolymerized polymethyl methacrylate resin., Material and Methods: A split-metal mold (60×10×3.3 mm) was used to fabricate 40 autopolymerized acrylic resin specimens. The specimens were divided into 4 groups (n=10) according to zirconium dioxide nanoparticle concentration: control (unmodified resin) and zirconium dioxide nanoparticle contents of 1, 2.5, and 5 wt%. The specimens were mixed and polymerized according to the manufacturer's instructions and stored in distilled water for 48 ±2 hours at 37 °C. The flexural strength and elastic modulus were evaluated based on the 3-point bend test where data were analyzed by using 1-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests (α=.05)., Results: The flexural strength of the 1-wt% zirconium dioxide nanoparticle specimens was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<.001) but did not significantly increase further with the higher nanoparticle content (P>.05). Elastic modulus significantly decreased with 2.5-wt% zirconium dioxide nanoparticles (P=.019), while no significant changes were found with other test groups (P>.05)., Conclusions: The addition of treated zirconium dioxide nanoparticles at low concentrations increased the flexural strength of autopolymerized polymethyl methacrylate resins used in fixed interim restorations., (Copyright © 2021 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different denture cleansing solutions (DCSs) on the retention of Locator and Locator R-Tx attachment systems of implant retained overdentures (IRO)., Methods: Two part acrylic resin blocks were fabricated, upper part contained metal housing and plastic inserts and lower part contained implant analogs and abutments. Eighty pink plastic inserts (40/attachment, 10/solution) were immersed in Corega, Fittydent, sodium hypochlorite, and water for a time simulating upto 1-year of clinical usage. Acrylic blocks were held on a universal testing machine for a pull-out test to record the dislodgement force. Measurements were conducted after 6 months (T1) and 12 months (T2). One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's HSD test was used to analyze the results ( α  = 0.05)., Results: For both attachments, retention significantly decreased after immersion in different solutions at T2 ( P < 0.001). Locator R-Tx attachment in NaOCl showed a significant decrease in retention compared with other solutions at T1. At T2, there was a significant decrease in retention for all DCS compared with water ( P < 0.001). Locator R-TX showed higher retention values per solution compared to Locator attachment ( P < 0.001). In terms of retention loss %, NaOCl recorded the highest (61.87%) loss, followed by Corega (55.54%) and Fittydent (43.13%), whereas water demonstrated the best retention (16.13%) in both groups., Conclusion: Locator R-TX has better retention with different DCS immersion. The loss of retention varied with different types of DCS and NaOCl recorded the highest retention loss. Therefore, denture cleanser selection must be guided by the type of IRO attachment., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Hamad S. AlRumaih et al.)

Papillon-Lefevere syndrome (PLS) is a rare disorder with severe oral manifestations resulting in premature tooth loss at an early stage of life. As a result, extensive bone resorption pattern in the maxilla negates conventional implant treatment in the majority of cases. This clinical report describes a prosthetic rehabilitation revision of a 26-year-old female diagnosed with PLS using an implant supported fixed complete denture with a quad zygoma approach. A 1 year follow-up is also presented., (© 2022 Special Care Dentistry Association and Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Introduction: Cochlear Implantation (CI) surgery has long been used as an effective treatment for children with bilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss who failed to benefit from the use of hearing aids. Among other factors, the age at which implantation is done is thought to have an effect on the speech progression outcome of patients postoperatively., Objectives: The Jordanian CI Program has limited resources, and Jordan has an underdeveloped early screening and intervention program for deafness. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of age at time of implantation on receptive and expressive language outcomes in Jordan, to guide funding and focus efforts on patient groups who would benefit most, thus reducing unnecessary longterm morbidity and disability, and improving cost efficiency., Methods: Data was gathered from all major sectors in Jordan on patients who underwent CI from 2006 to 2018 (a total of 1815 patients). We compared the language outcome 2 to 4 years after implantation for patients aged below 3 years, 3 to under 6, 6 to under 9 years, and 9 and older at the time of implantation., Results and Conclusion: We found a statistically significant difference in language outcomes between patients aged below 6 years vs those 6 and older, with better receptive and expressive language outcomes in the younger age groups.