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This study was conducted in two sites of different textures in Dhi Qar province, the first location, Al-Rifai location north of Dhi Qar city and the second location, Al-Nasr location area northeast of Dhi Qar city. The study was conducted on the effect of adding organic matter on some physical and chemical properties of soil and potato yield. The following results were obtained. The addition of animal waste affected the physical properties of the soil, including (mean weight diameter, wet sieving index, bulk density, porosity and soil moisture content) and the highest values were at treatment (AB2), which is a mixture of (sheep manure (8) tons/ha + poultry waste (8) tons/ha and treatment (A2), which is (16 tons/ha sheep manure) for the two locations and during the two stages of the study (the first stage after adding animal waste to the soil by four months, and the second stage after adding the waste by six months). Differences in the values of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium according to the type and levels of addition of animal waste to both locations. The traits of the field emergence speed and plant height of the treatments with added residues were superior to the control treatment (C0), while the traits of the number of stems in the high levels of addition were excelled on the rest of the other treatments for both locations. Also, the treatment of (AB2) (8 tons/ha sheep manure + 8 tons/ha poultry) in productive traits on the rest of the treatments except for level (A2) (16 tons/ha sheep manure) for the first location. While, the (A2) sheep manure treatment (16 tons/ha) excelled on the rest of the treatments except for the treatment of poultry waste (B2) (16 tons/ha) and the mixture (AB2) (8 tons/ha sheep manure + 8 tons/ha poultry) for the second location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The field experiment was conducted during the autumn season in a sandy loam soil in the city of Al-Rifai, north of Dhi-Qar to study the use of organic and traditional agriculture and know its effect on the growth and yield of maize plant and the content of elements (N, P and K) in soil and plants and study the physical properties of the soil. Cultivation was conducted in plots, the area of one plot is 2 × 3 m according to the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and with three replications. The factors are the organic and chemical fertilizer: organic fertilizers, sewage sludge and sheep manure, at levels (0, 10, 20 and 30 mega.g.ha-1 for both fertilizers, while the third replicate represented the method of traditional cultivation, in which chemical fertilization was used for the main elements (N, P and K). The percentage of organic matter in the soil increased significantly after harvest when the crop was grown organically in the presence of sewage sludge fertilizers and sheep manure at the level of 30 ìg.ha-1 organic matter, which amounted to 14.1% and 12.1%, respectively, compared to the control treatment, which was 60.0% in traditional cultivation. The values of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium in the availability soil also increased after harvest and reached at the level of 30 mega.g.ha-1 organic matter for sheep manure and sewage sludge (77, 33, 65,8, 112.55) and (60, 32, 17,9, 45, 87) mg.kg soil-1, respectively, compared to the control treatment, in which these values reached (08, 25, 68.7, 72, 69) mg.kg soil-1, respectively, when the crop was grown in traditional cultivation. There was a significant increase in the studied growth traits and corn yield of grain when growing the crop organically in the presence of sheep and sewage sludge compared to the control treatment in which no organic fertilizers were used in traditional cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A laboratory experiment was designed with two factors by using completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates to determine the effect of saline stress and magnetized water on the germination of cotton seeds. The first factor included salt concentrations of (0, 3, 6, 9 ds.m-1), and the second factor included magnetized water with intensity of 1000 gauss and distilled water (control treatment). The seeds were planted on blotting paper and experimental units were placed inside germinator at temperature in the range of 20-30ºC for 12 days[9]. The results showed that the use of magnetized water caused a significant increase in the studied traits (germination percentage, germination speed, radicle length, plumule length, and the weight of seedlings)as compared to non-magnetized water. In addition, saline irrigation water has significantly reduced all studied traits as compared to the use of distilled water (0 ds.m-1). There was also a significant interaction between concentrations of salinity and magnetized water, in which magnetism has improved the properties of studied trails under saline conditions as compared to non-magnetized water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]