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Anisometropia is an eye disorder characterized by a significant spherical difference of 1.00 D or higher. People typically experience non-single focal points, double vision (diplopia), and aniseiconia in the presence of differences in size and shape of shadows, leading to greater refractive power in general and an amblyopia or lazy eye effect. Based on the 2014-2016 Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB), as many as 85% of the population aged 50 and older in Indonesia are visually impaired. The prevalence of worldwide anisometropia has seen a systematic increase of 1% annually1. Anisometropia can be classified by its etiology and refractive power. The best practice is occlusion therapy using patches and training the diseased eye to refractive therapy such as photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) surgery and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: The diagnosis and management of pediatric keratoconus, establishes a challenge because of the subclinics presentations in initial periods and the specialized ophthalmological attention need to avoid complications as the refractive amblyopia. Objective: Determining the visual results of the prevention and treatment of amblyopia, in children with keratoconus attended in Pediatrics Corneal Ectasias Provincial Consultation´s in Ciego de Avila. Material and Methods: Pre-experimental study in 408 eyes of 224 pediatric patients with diagnosis of keratoconus, among May 2013 and April 2023. They determined absolute and relative frequencies, measures of dispersion and central tendency and the marginal homogeneity test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, according to the variables examined. Results: The middle ages was 10,61 years and the masculine sex predominated. The 82,1 % presented clinical or topographic evidence of bilateral keratoconus. Predominate the correction with spectacles or rigid gas permeable contact lenses. The majority presented binocular amblyopia and indication of alternating occlusive treatment's (48,5 %). Predominated the keratoconus grade I, with evidence of keratoconic progression as well as refractive and topographic variables. However, a significative increase of non-amblyopic eyes was evidenced. Conclusions: The specialized attention of pediatric keratoconus favors the prevention and treatment of the refractive amblyopia regardless of the keratoconic progression

Copyright of Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Medicas de La Habana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia is the property of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia is the property of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of text messaging in improving adherence to occlusion therapy for amblyopia. The secondary objective was to correlate the responses given in a self-reporting questionnaire with treatment outcome (improvement in visual acuity). Methods: This is a prospective, randomized, blinded clinical trial. The patients’ parents or legal guardians in the intervention group received text messages reminding them of the importance of patching. The control group received no text messages. At final evaluation, after a period of three to six months, the patients’ parents or legal guardians answered a self-reporting questionnaire to evaluate adherence to treatment. Results: The study included 34 patients with an average age of 5.35 years, 20 in the intervention group and 14 in the control group. According to the results of the self-reporting questionnaire, 50% of the study population was considered as having low adherence to treatment, 29% as having medium adherence, and 21% as having good adherence. There was no significant difference between trial groups. The comparison between an improvement in visual acuity and the mean value obtained in the self-reporting questionnaire showed a significant association between this improvement and adherence to treatment (p=0.03). Conclusion: The present study did not find a correlation between text messaging and an improvement in adherence to occlusion therapy, as shown by previous studies for different treatments. A statistically significant association was identified between an improvement in visual acuity and a good therapeutic adherence, as measured by the self-reporting questionnaire. This finding allows us to recommend using a self-reporting questionnaire as a simple method to measure adherence to treatment and help decisions about therapeutic strategies to be adopted in the patient’s continuing treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To translate and validate the Adult Strabismus Quality of Life Questionnaire into Brazilian Portuguese. Methods: A cross-sectional study for linguistic and cross-cultural validation of the Adult Strabismus Quality of Life Questionnaire in order to assess the quality of life in patients with strabismus. We have followed previous published guidelines on translation process to ensure the equivalence between the original and translated versions. The final version was applied in a pilot study to evaluate concordance and its reliability and reproducibility as a tool to be used in future studies. Results: The translation and counter translation processes of the Adult Strabismus Quality of Life Questionnaire were conducted according to preestablished protocols. The analysis of the results obtained in the test–retest application of the questionnaire in a sample of 30 participants revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.67, which was deemed satisfactory for the validation process of this tool. Conclusion: The Adult Strabismus Quality of Life Questionnaire was translated and validated according to preestablished protocols. The referred questionnaire has been used in studies worldwide, so this process will enable its application to better understand the impact of strabismus in patients’ quality of life in the Brazilian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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En el siguiente artículo se elaborará un análisis de dos afecciones relacionadas con la pérdida de la vista, la ambliopía (ἀμβλυωπία) y la amaurosis (ἀμαύρωσις), a partir de dos tipos de fuentes: médicas y lexicográficas. Asimismo, serán objeto de estudio los verbos derivados de estas dos enfermedades: ἀμβλυωπέω, ἀμβλυώττω y ἀμαυρόω. El objetivo del estudio es determinar, mediante estas fuentes, hasta qué punto difería una afección de la otra y, además, arrojar algo de luz sobre el empleo que los antiguos daban a estos términos y a sus correspondientes verbos.

RESUMO A persistência do vítreo primário hiperplásico, atualmente referida como persistência da vasculatura fetal, é uma anomalia congênita que resulta da não regressão do vítreo vascular primário e do sistema da artéria hialoide durante a embriogênese. Trata-se de uma anomalia unilateral na maioria dos casos, esporádica e comumente não associada a nenhum outro achado sistêmico. Clinicamente, essa condição pode ser classificada em persistência anterior e em persistência posterior da vasculatura fetal. A condição anterior está relacionada ao sistema da artéria ciliar, enquanto a persistência da vasculatura posterior associa-se à artéria hialoide e pode apresentar anormalidades, com desfecho visual desfavorável. A detecção da persistência do vítreo primário hiperplásico é de suma importância, visto que é um diagnóstico diferencial para retinoblastoma. O relato de caso a seguir descreve o acompanhamento ambulatorial em um Serviço de Oftalmologia de uma criança do sexo masculino com persistência da vasculatura fetal unilateral e sem alterações sistêmicas.

Since the triennium 1989-1991 the Cuban economy began to weaken due to the fall of sugar and petroleum prices, as well as due to the descent in the rate of the American dollar and due to the disintegration of the Soviet Union that brought the lack of convertible foreign currencies, fuels, foods, and disabled the application of credits to international financial institutions. This way, began the so call "special period", based in a plan to face a possible military blockade in times of peace, and during which foods were strictly rationalized and the essential industries and transport diminished. In such circumstances a strange disease appeared that became epidemic, which was named Cuban epidemic optic neuropathy; it affected more than 50 000 Cubans and became a true challenge for the medical community of the country. In this respect, historical events related to the emergence of this ophtalmopathy are analyzed in this work, that defends the theory of its toxic-nutritional cause due to the situation of Cuba in that moment and the leadership of Commander in Chief Fidel is outstanding in the conduction of the multidisciplinary actions that lead to control this epidemic, what became an achievement for the Health National System and a victory of the Cuban Revolution.

Since the triennium 1989-1991 the Cuban economy began to weaken due to the fall of sugar and petroleum prices, as well as due to the descent in the rate of the American dollar and due to the disintegration of the Soviet Union that brought the lack of convertible foreign currencies, fuels, foods, and disabled the application of credits to international financial institutions. This way, began the so call "special period", based in a plan to face a possible military blockade in times of peace, and during which foods were strictly rationalized and the essential industries and transport diminished. In such circumstances a strange disease appeared that became epidemic, which was named Cuban epidemic optic neuropathy; it affected more than 50 000 Cubans and became a true challenge for the medical community of the country. In this respect, historical events related to the emergence of this ophtalmopathy are analyzed in this work, that defends the theory of its toxic-nutritional cause due to the situation of Cuba in that moment and the leadership of Commander in Chief Fidel is outstanding in the conduction of the multidisciplinary actions that lead to control this epidemic, what became an achievement for the Health National System and a victory of the Cuban Revolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RESUMO Objetivos: Avaliar a sensibilidade, especificidade e acurácia da refratometria obtida através do aparelho photoscreener 2WIN® como método de rastreio de ametropias com indicação de prescrição de óculos pelos critérios da Sociedade Brasileira de Oftalmopediatria em crianças assintomáticas, de origem extra-hospitalar, de 6 a 36 meses de idade, e determinar se a cicloplegia influencia a capacidade de rastreio do aparelho. Métodos: Cento e setenta e oito (178) de crianças com idades entre 6 e 36 meses tiveram sua refratometria mensurada pelo método padrão-ouro, a retinoscopia manual sob cicloplegia, e pelo método em teste, o photoscreener 2WIN®, antes e após a cicloplegia. Resultados: O photoscreener 2WIN® é capaz de identificar aqueles pacientes que deveriam receber prescrição de óculos pelos critérios da Sociedade Brasileira de Oftalmopediatria com sensibilidade de 100%, especificidade de 93,18% e acurácia de 93,26%, quando comparado a retinoscopia estática. Sob cicloplegia, o 2WIN® mantém sensibilidade de 100%, porém aumenta sua especificidade para 96,59% e a acurácia para 96,63%. Conclusão: O photoscreener 2WIN® se mostrou altamente sensível, específico e acurado para uso como equipamento de triagem daqueles pacientes de 6 a 36 meses que se beneficiariam do uso de óculos pelos critérios da Sociedade Brasileira de Oftalmopediatria, com discreto aumento da especificidade e acurácia quando aplicado em pacientes cicloplegiados.

O desenvolvimento da função visual ocorre durante a infância. Nesse período, diversas condições oculares podem estar presentes, se manifestando com comprometimento da função visual e consequente impacto no desenvolvimento geral da criança. Estrabismo, ambliopia, catarata congênita, glaucoma, retinopatia da prematuridade, ceratocone e alergias oculares são quadros que podem se manifestar na faixa etária pediátrica. Essas diversas condições fazem parte da rotina de atendimento tanto do médico generalista quanto dos diversos especialistas. Todos devem estar atendo aos sinais e sintomas, propiciando uma suspeita diagnóstica precoce e uma abordagem oportuna, a fim de se evitar comprometimento visual definitivo.

Aim: Screenings make it possible to detect anomalies that can be treated and identify patients who require referral to a specialist. The objective is to identify the different areas of research and determine the most cited publications on screening in primary care., Methods: An analysis of publications and visualization of citation networks has been carried out using the Citation Network Explorer software. The bibliographic search was carried out with the Web of Science (WOS) database using the search term: "screening AND (vision OR eye OR ocular OR visual)"., Results: We analyzed 16707 publications in all fields, 23919 citation networks have been found. The number of publications has increased, with 2021 being the year with the highest number. The majority are scientific articles and the predominant language is English. The most cited article is a global meta-analysis on the prevalence of glaucoma, showing the importance of screening for its early detection since it is essential to avoid blindness. Using the clustering function we found 8 groups with a significant number of publications where we have bibliography on certain eye diseases: glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, pediatric amblyopia, keratoconus and dry eye., Conclusions: The main areas of study in relation to screening are the detection of diseases such as glaucoma, retinopathy of prematurity, keratoconus and dry eye. As well as the detection through visual analysis of childhood amblyopia and vision loss in elderly patients. It also gives importance to performing ocular motility tests in problems of acquired brain damage., (Copyright © 2024 Sociedad Española de Médicos de Atención Primaria (SEMERGEN). Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objective: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a platform designed for pediatricians to screen amblyopia using a smartphone. Methods: The medical records of consecutive children who received visual screening using a smartphone platform were retrospectively reviewed. The smartphone was used with a flash concentrator case and a software for capturing images of both eyes simultaneously by a photorefraction mechanism. The platform performance was compared to the comprehensive ophthalmological examination, which is considered the gold standard for detecting amblyopia. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the software in detecting amblyopia risk factors were calculated. Results: A total of 157 children were included, with a mean age of 6.0±0.5 years (range 5-7). In 94% of the cases, the software was able to analyze the images and release a result, determining whether or not the child presented with amblyopia risk factors. Compared to the ophthalmological examination, the smartphone platform sensitivity in detecting amblyopia risk factors was 84%, the specificity was 74%, the positive predictive value was 86%, and the negative predictive value was 70%. Conclusions: The sensitivity and specificity of the smartphone photoscreening platform to detect amblyopia risk factors were within the range of traditional instrument-based vision screening technology. A smartphone photorefraction platform appears to be a promising cost-effective alternative to assist pediatricians and minimize obstacles to vision screening and amblyopia detection. Future studies are needed to gather additional comparative data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción. La ambliopía es un desorden visual originado durante el desarrollo cortical considerándose la causa de ceguera prevenible más frecuente. El diagnóstico y tratamiento temprano han demostrado ser efectivos; sin embargo, su detección es tardía debido, en parte, a falta de conocimiento. El objetivo del presente artículo es describir las percepciones sobre el conocimiento de médicos generales y pediatras en Bucaramanga acerca de la detección temprana de la ambliopía. Metodología. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo descriptivo de tipo exploratorio, utilizando como técnica entrevistas semi-estructuradas a 20 profesionales de la salud, para ello se usó el enfoque de Taylor y Bogdan. Resultados. Las entrevistas permitieron identificar dos categorías: falencias en el proceso de formación del pregrado y posgrado, y barreras de infraestructura para la realización de valoración visual; además de cuatro subcategorías entre las que se identifican conceptos erróneos sobre la ambliopía, falta de claridad sobre la edad oportuna para la realización de la valoración visual de primera vez, así como imaginarios errados relacionados con la valoración y remisión a servicios especializados de optometría y oftalmología. Discusión. El estudio permitió develar la falta de conocimientos de los profesionales de la salud y las distintas causas que contribuyen a esta problemática, así como la importancia del fortalecimiento de este tema en los currículos. Conclusión. Es necesario fortalecer el conocimiento de los médicos generales y pediatras con el fin de detectar precozmente los niños en riesgo de ambliopía y reducir la carga de la enfermedad. Introduction. Amblyopia is a visual disorder that arises during cortical development, and is considered the most frequent cause of preventable blindness. Early diagnosis and treatment have been demonstrated to be highly effective. However, it is often detected at a late stage, partly due to lack of knowledge. The purpose of this article is to describe the perceived knowledge of general practitioners and pediatricians in Bucaramanga on the early detection of amblyopia. Methodology. A descriptive, qualitative exploratory study was performed, by means of semistructured interviews of 20 healthcare professionals, using the approach suggested by Taylor and Bogdan. Results. The interview results found two types of issues: shortcomings in undergraduate and graduate training, lack of infrastructure to perform the visual assessment. It also detected four sub-categories, including incorrect concepts about amblyopia, lack of clarity about the right age to perform the first-time visual assessment, and erroneous beliefs about the assessment and referral to specialized optometry and ophthalmology services. Discussion. The study found gaps in knowledge by healthcare professionals as well as the different contributing factors to this problem, and indicates the importance of strengthening this subject in the curricula. Conclusion. It is necessary to strengthen knowledge among general practitioners and pediatricians to enable the early detection of children at risk of amblyopia and reduce the burden of this disease. Introdução. A ambliopia é um transtorno visual causado durante o desenvolvimento cortical, considerado a causa mais frequente de cegueira evitável. O diagnóstico e o tratamento precoce provaram ser eficazes; no entanto, sua detecção é tardia devido, em parte, à falta de conhecimento. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever as percepções sobre o conhecimento de médicos gerais e pediatras em Bucaramanga a respeito da detecção precoce da ambliopia. Métodos. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo, exploratório e qualitativo, utilizando entrevistas semiestruturadas com 20 profissionais de saúde, fazendo uso da abordagem de Taylor e Bogdan. Resultados. As entrevistas permitiram identificar duas categorias, falhas no processo de formação dos graduandos e pósgraduandos, barreiras de infraestrutura para realizar avaliação visual e quatro subcategorias, entre as quais estão: conceitos errôneos sobre a ambliopia, falta de clareza sobre a idade apropriada para realizar a primeira avaliação visual, bem como uma valoração errônea relacionada com a avaliação e encaminhamento para serviços especializados de optometria e oftalmologia. Discussão. O estudo revelou o desconhecimento dos profissionais da saúde e as diferentes causas que contribuem para esse problema, bem como a importância de fortalecer essa questão nos currículos. Conclusão. É necessário ampliar o conhecimento dos médicos gerais e pediatras na detecção precoce das crianças em risco de ambliopia e reduzir a carga da doença. Cómo citar: Maldonado Rueda SJ, Marzal Guerra EE, Delgado-Serrano J, Cepeda-Bareño DF, Oviedo Cáceres MP. Percepciones sobre el conocimiento de la detección temprana de la ambliopía de médicos generales y pediatras de Bucaramanga. MedUNAB. 2020;23(1):62-71. doi:10.29375/01237047.3782

RESUMO Apresenta-se uma série de 13 casos de pacientes com estrabismo sensorial de grande ângulo submetidos à técnica cirúrgica de autotransplante da musculatura ocular extrínseca. Foi realizada a técnica de recuo-ressecção dos músculos retos horizontais, e o retalho retirado do músculo ressecado foi suturado ao músculo enfraquecido como expansor autólogo. Foram avaliadas seis exotropias e sete esotropias, com desvios médios de 75 (70-90) dioptrias prismáticas (DP). Houve melhora significativa dos desvios no pós-operatório, sendo a média pós-operatória de 10,07 dioptrias prismáticas (ortotropia a 35DP). Somente um dos casos evoluiu com inversão do desvio após procedimento cirúrgico.

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Copyright of Ege Journal of Medicine is the property of Ege University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

RESUMEN Objetivo: Valorar la efectividad del vídeojuego en educandos que padecen ambliopía funcional. Métodos: Se confeccionó la historia clínica de cada paciente, la cual incluyó la revisión oftalmológica completa, la evaluación de la agudeza visual con la prueba adecuada a cada edad, y se evaluó la presencia de supresión mediante la prueba de filtro rojo y las luces de Worth. Cada prueba se realizó de forma individual según el tipo y la severidad de la ambliopía, y se le indicó la refracción correspondiente. Los pacientes se dividieron en dos grupos: al grupo A se le aplicó la terapia tradicional de la ambliopía, y al grupo B se le siguió la misma pauta que un tratamiento tradicional de ambliopía, pero con la introducción de vídeojuegos. Resultados: Se observó en el grupo A un predominio de los pacientes con agudeza visual inicial entre 0,2 - 0,4 (50 %), la cual se incrementó en dos líneas o más en el (55 %); sin embargo, en el grupo B la agudeza inicial entre 0,2 - 0,4 fue de 56,5 %. Los resultados sensoriales seis meses posteriores al tratamiento, según cada grupo de estudio, mostraron en el grupo B una reducción de la supresión en el 91,3 %, y en el grupo A de un 75 %. Conclusión: La terapia visual combinada con vídeojuego es efectiva; mejora la agudeza visual; elimina y reduce la supresión, por lo que constituye una herramienta que complementa la terapia visual tradicional de la ambliopía.

Introducción: cuando la visión está disminuida o ausente ocasiona minusvalías para los niños, y provoca lentitud en el aprendizaje. Objetivo: determinar las afecciones oculares de pacientes pediátricos en consulta de Neuroftalmología, Hospital Oftalmológico Amistad Argelia-Cuba, El Oued, en el período enero a junio de 2016. Método: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, el universo quedó constituido por 825 niños. Se estudiaron las variables: edad, sexo, diagnóstico oftalmológico y tipo de tratamiento recibido. Resultados: el 65,5 % de pacientes correspondió al sexo masculino, la edad más representada estuvo entre 11-14 años para un 48,5 %. La ambliopía refractiva y el estrabismo fueron las afecciones oftalmológicas más frecuentes, en el 60,6 y 15,8 % de los casos respectivamente. Conclusiones: el trabajo del neuroftalmólogo y su equipo de salud, contribuye al tratamiento de la ambliopía, recibiendo la mayoría de los niños corrección óptica en consulta.

Purpose: to compare the Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness (RNFL) of amblyopic and normal fellow eyes. Design: Prospective, cross-sectional, observational case series. Methods: Forty patients age 12 to 41 years (mean 23.73 ± 6.42) with unilateral amblyopia were studied. Among them, 11(28.2%) patients had amblyopia secondary to strabismus and 29(71.8 %) had anisometropic amblyopia. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the peripapillary RNFL thickness of amblyopic and fellow eyes was performed. RNFL thickness measurements were taken from the superior, inferior, nasal and temporal quadrants in the peripapillary region. Also, subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) was measured using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Results: Mean global RNFL thickness of the amblyopic and fellow eyes was 104.48 microns and 102.83 microns, respectively. The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (p>0.05%). The thicknesses of the superior, inferior, nasal and temporal quadrants of the retinal nerve fiber layer between the amblyopic and normal fellow eyes showed no statistically significant difference (p>0.05%). However, the SFCT of amblyopic eye was 11 or more microns thicker than the fellow eye and this was statistically significant different (p<0.05%). Conclusions: This study demonstrated SFCT in amblyopic eyes was significantly thicker than the normal fellow eyes. The amblyopic process may involve the choroid, but not the prepapillary NFL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Oftalmologia is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Oftalmologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: Study aimed to determine compliance of patients with strabismic amblyopia undergoing occlusion treatment, followed from January 1 st, 2011 to January 1 st, 2017 at an Ophthalmology Reference Center, and identify risk factors for poor compliance. Methods: Retrospective, consecutive cohort study. Compliance reported at each visit was related to visual acuity, family history, changes in occlusion schedules and in patients' care team during treatment. The patients were divided into two groups according to the compliance: poor compliance group and compliance group (subdivided in full compliance subgroup and partial compliance subgroup). Results: Age at treatment beginning vary from 3.7 to 13.7 years, esotropia was the most frequent deviation and the occlusion was realized from 5 to 7 hours a day. Of220 patients, compliance was achieved by 193 (87.7%), 114 (51.8%) in full compliance subgroup and 79 (35.9%) in partial compliance subgroup, and 27 do not achieved compliance (12.3%). Poor compliance was significantly related to a history of epilepsy, higher rate of suspension of treatment due to inefficacy, higher evasion rate, lower recurrence, and lower rate of maintenance of prophylactic occlusion after treatment. Good compliance was related to family history of strabismus, higher recurrence rate, and higher maintenance of prophylactic occlusion after treatment. No relations were found between poor compliance and changes in occlusion schedules or in patients' care team during treatment. Conclusion: Compliance with occlusion treatment of strabismic ambliopia was similar to other studies that included refractive and strabismic amblyopia and not related to changes in occlusion schedules or in patients' care team during treatment. Family history of strabismus was a protective factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Optometry is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Myelinated retinal nerve fibers are rare congenital anomalies that appear as gray-white patches. They may be present in a syndrome characterized by ipsilateral myelinated retinal nerve fibers, myopia and amblyopia. The author reported an ellipsoid zone defect on spectral domain optical coherence tomography in a case of Straatsma syndrome without macular extension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objetivo: Determinar la eficacia y la seguridad del LASIK en el tratamiento de la ambliopía por anisometropía en pacientes adultos. Métodos: Serie de casos. Estudiamos a 12 pacientes adultos ambliopes por anisometropía a los cuales se realizó LASIK monocular de nuestro servicio de Córnea y Cirugía Refractiva. Evaluamos el error refractivo pre y postoperatorio, equivalente esférico (ES), la agudeza visual sin corrección (AVSC) y la agudeza visual mejor corregida (AVMC). La agudeza visual medida por la cartilla de Snellen fue convertida a LogMAR con fines de análisis estadístico. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 31.92 (± 12.13) años. El ES preoperatorio promedio en el ojo tratado fue de –3.49 D (± 3.24), el ES promedio del ojo no tratado fue de 0.25 D (± 0.30). La AVSC preoperatoria fue de 1.12 (± 0.3) LogMAR y la AVMC preoperatoria fue 0.31 (± 0.1) LogMAR. El seguimiento promedio fue de 19.1 (rango 6-74) meses. El ES promedio postoperatorio disminuyó a –0.28 (± 0.48). Cinco pacientes (42%) ganaron una línea de visión, un (8%) paciente ganó 2 líneas de visión y un (8%) paciente ganó 3 líneas de visión. El resto (42%) permaneció sin cambios comparados a la AVMC preoperatoria. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la AVSC preoperatoria (1.12 [±0.3]) y la AVSC postoperatoria (0.27 [±0.1]) (p = 0.002, Z-Wilcoxon) y entre la AVMC postoperatoria (0.23 [±0.12]) y la AVMC preoperatoria (0.31 [±0.1]) (p = 0.014, Z-Wilcoxon). No hubo complicaciones relacionadas con la cirugía. Conclusiones: La cirugía refractiva monocular en pacientes con ambliopía por anisometropía es una opción terapéutica segura y efectiva que ofrece resultados visuales satisfactorios, preservando o incluso mejorando la AVMC preoperatoria.