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A design of coating with single, double, and three-layers for allyl diglycol carbonate (CR-39) spectacle lenses has been done. The coating included anti-reflection (AR) layers for back and front surfaces which allow the transmission to reach 99 % of incident light on the eye. This design shows spectacle lenses of higher contrast images, decreasing ghost images, and little driving glare at night as well as more cosmetic. The anti-reflection layers increased scratch resistance, and cleanability, and make lenses nearly invisible and durable Keywords: AR coating, thin-film coating, plastic glasses, hard multi-coating.

In this study, an efficient strategy is used to prepare perovskite photoactive layer with superb optoelectronic merits by utilizing polyaniline polymer as an efficient additive to improve perovskite quality. As a result, we prove that the small content of polyaniline (PANI) provides not only suppresses the perovskite defects and lead iodide but also produces a passivation impact. By regarding using macromolecular phases with long chain polymers, the generation of a PANI-perovskite cross-linking is possible. The cross-linking acts to bridge the perovskite crystals, mitigating carrier trapping by grain boundaries and achieving remarkable air stability against humid, which has not been obtainable with tiny molecules defect passivating materials. Also, PANI promoted the development of Lewis base adduct with the perovskite precursor, which, maximized the activation energy for nucleation and growth of the perovskite phase. Therefore, the perovskite layer with optimized PANI additive showed higher crystallinity in (110) crystal plane. After PANI addition, the perovskite grains found to be enlarged from 350 nm to 620 nm. Also, the PSCs with PANI showed suppressed luminescence effect, which indicates lower recombination rates. The SCLC measurements revealed that the PANI additive improving the interfacial contact between the ZnO and perovskite due to reduction the trapped density from 1.78 × 1016 cm-3 to 2.46 × 1015. Consequently, the champion cell yields an efficiency of 17.39% for 4% polyaniline doped electron transport material with negligible hysteresis. This reduces PSC instability generating a device that retained 93% of its original performance after 600 h maintaining in air conditions without any encapsulation.

MnZnFe2O4 ferrite was successfully synthesized using metallic chlorides and polyvinylpyrolidone, by Co-precipitate method. Deferent concentrations of PVP (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 0.9) wt%, were used as capping agent to stabilize the particles and prevent them from agglomeration. The PVP content had a vital influence on enhancing the properties of the ferrite nanoparticles. From X-ray data the degree of crystallinity and the Lattice constants (a) of the nanoparticles increased from (8.92 nm) and (8.344 A) to (19.94 nm) and (8.395 A) respectively with increasing PVP concentrations. The morphology and average particle size of the MnZn ferrite nanoparticles were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the values were in a good agreement with the XRD results. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed the cubic structure with octahedral and tetrahedral, also indicated the formation of bond between PVP and surface of metallic hydroxide of ferrite nanoparticles. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis was performed for all samples at room temperature, results showed that the specimens exhibited a paramagnetic behavior in the absence of PVP while in the presence of PVP they have super paramagnetic characteristics. The values of saturation magnetization (Ms) (1.78–17.67 emu/g), remnant magnetization (Mr) (0.0022–0.0696 emu/g) also increased with increasing pvp concentration. Polyvinylpyrrolidone loaded-MnZnFe2O4 magnetic nanocomposites were used it alone or as a combination therapy with NIR laser, and alternating magnetic field (AMF) as anti-proliferative agent against breast cancer cell lines AMJ-13, MCF-7,and ovarian cancer cell line SKOV-3 as well as against normal cell line HBL. While, its capability to induce apoptosis was detected using different techniques which is acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EtBr) staining and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and flow cytometry assay membrane potential (MMP). q-PCR was used to investigate the changes in the expression of P53 gene. The influence of Polyvinylpyrrolidone loaded-MnZnFe2O4 magnetic nanocomposites in viability of breast and ovarian cancer cells alone or when they used as a combination therapy with laser photo-thermal therapy and alternating magnetic field (AMF) was also tested using MTT assay. Our results in the present study demonstrated that the inhibition activity of Polyvinylpyrrolidone loaded-MnZnFe2O4 magnetic nanocomposites against treated cancer cell lines increased when Polyvinylpyrrolidone loaded-MnZnFe2O4 nanocomposites used with NIR laser, while highly increased cytotoxic activities were observed after exposure of Polyvinylpyrrolidone loaded-MnZnFe2O4 nanocomposites to induction heating with AMF. Treated cancer cells with polyvinylpyrrolidone loaded-MnZnFe2O4 magnetic nanocomposites significantly increased ROS synthesis, with subsequent reduction of the MMP. The results of the current study show that tested compounds suppressed cancers cells’ proliferation and has a growth inhibitory effect on different cancer cells, resulting in apoptosis as a novel pathway that involves mitochondrial damage mechanism via activated P53. Taken together the present data suggest that the Polyvinylpyrrolidone loaded-MnZnFe2O4 magnetic nanocomposites could be promising therapy protocol for cancer cells.

Polymeric composites filled with natural fillers are an emerging area in polymer science, and have recently attracted the attention of researchers. Because of their relatively good service properties, the major contributions of these natural fillers are lowering the cost of composite materials and producing faster molding cycles. In this study, the influence of micro particulate ground basalt rock addition on physical, mechanical, and thermal kinetic properties of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) reinforced basalt rock powder (BRP) composite material was investigated. Results showed that basalt rock powder (BRP) affect the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of the (PVC/BRP) composites. Increasing the BRP loading will produce a relative drop in water absorbability, also decrease the tensile strength and elongation at break, while causing an increase in hardness shore A and compression strength values. Moreover, thermal stability, activation energy, and entropy were increased with increasing BRP as proven by Thermogravemetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis ( DTA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) .